EJERCICIOS DE GRAMÁTICA

Unit 1 Grammar practice 

Present and past tenses 4 Write sentences. Use the verb tenses in brackets.
He / not like / fruit or vegetables / but / he / like / meat
1 Put the words in the correct order to form present
(present simple)
tense sentences.
He doesn’t like fruit or vegetables, but he likes meat.
rise / doesn’t / in / The sun / the west
1 I / watch / the birds / right now (present continuous)
The sun doesn’t rise in the west.
I
1 listen to / in the evenings / usually / I / music
2 They / not work / here / for long (present perfect
simple)
2 now / Are / learning / present tenses / ? / they / about
They
3 She / read / a book / while / her mum / listen /
3 known / about / How / have / long / the problem / to music (past continuous)
you / ?
She
4 Jane / know / her neighbour / since February
4 minds / believes / some / He / people / read / can / (past perfect)
that
Jane
5 My mum / cook / since 1 o’clock (present perfect
5 yet / Stella / found / hasn’t / a job continuous)
My mum
6 in / the garden / has / working / Bob / all morning / 6 Jason / talk / about / his holiday / for hours
been (past perfect continuous)
Jason

2 Choose A or B to complete the sentences with suitable

past tenses. Future forms
My mum B the soup and then added some salt. 5 Choose the correct alternatives.
A was tasting B tasted You’re hungry, so I am going to / will make lunch.
1 about the party when you walked in? 1 I think she will / is going to pass her exams.
A Was he talking B  Had he talked 2 We will have / are having dinner at 7 o’clock tonight.
3 Please don’t phone me later. I will be sleeping /
2 While I was cooking, Joey the kitchen.
will have slept.
A was cleaning B  had cleaned
4 This time tomorrow, Pam will fly / will be flying to
3 She was eating dinner when the phone . Portugal.
A was ringing B  rang 5 By 2060, scientists will have found / will be finding
cures for many illnesses.
4 They in that house for many years.
6 Will they leave / Are they going to be leaving at
A were living B  lived
midday?
5 Mary for an hour before Steve arrived.
A was waiting B  had been waiting
6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the list.
Use the future forms in brackets.
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the do learn rain see text use
verbs in the list. Use the past simple or past perfect.
What are you doing (you) at the weekend?
already do arrive finish live never try (present continuous)
study visit
1 I think I Joe and ask him out
We arrived at school at 8 o’clock. for dinner. (will future)
1 I psychology last year. 2 In 50 years’ time, cars
2 My cousins in London for renewable resources. ( future continuous)
years and they love it. 3 Look at those clouds! It .
3 He his report this (be going to)
afternoon. 4 My mum the doctor this
4 your science homework? afternoon. (present continuous)
5 They Spain two years ago. 5 By 2020, experts more
about animal behaviour. ( future perfect)
6 She sky diving, but she
wants to do it.

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 Unit 1 Grammar practice 
Present and past tenses; helmet when Mary (9) (start)
crying. When I (10) (ask) her
future forms
what was wrong, she said that she was too scared. So we
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the (11) (not jump) in the end!
bold verbs. Use the present simple, present continuous,
present perfect simple or present perfect continuous. 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verbs in the list. Use suitable future forms.
I’ve got twin sisters. They are (be) the same age.
bite meet send travel write
1 She can’t go out. She
(not finish) her homework yet. Look! That dog is going to bite the man on the bike!
2 Bill and Nancy were away on holiday. They 1 I Jason for lunch at 2 o’clock.
(just return). Would you like to join us?
3 Most children (hate) 2 Do you think your brother
vegetables, but my son us an email when he arrives at the hotel?
(love) them. 3 We around Europe by the
4 you (feel) OK? end of next month.
You look a bit pale. 4 you
5 Tony (paint) all morning, so your essay later?
he’s tired now.
5 Write sentences. Use will, be going to or the present
6 We (go) to the lecture now. continuous.
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of I / open / the door / for / you
the bold verbs. Use the past simple or past perfect I will open the door for you.
continuous. 1 Brent / probably / not pass / his exams
My parents saw (saw) many fascinating places while they
were visiting (visit) China last year. 2 I / think / it / be / cold / tonight
1 We (hear) a loud noise

while we (have) dinner
3 They / cook / dinner / for / us / tomorrow
yesterday evening.

2 it (rain) when
you (leave) the house this 4 Look! That little boy / fall!
morning?
3 While my dad (cut) the 5 What / you / do / during the holidays?
grass, I (plant) flowers.
4 They (sleep) when the 6 We / go / to the cinema / tonight
doorbell (ring).
5 I (fall over) when I
(walk) the dog last week.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
bold verbs. Use the future continuous or future perfect.
3 Complete the text with the correct form of the bold I will send these emails tomorrow. (send)
verbs. Use the past simple, past continuous, past
By the end of tomorrow, I will have sent these emails.
perfect or past perfect continuous.
1 Francis is leaving the company in September. (leave)
Last weekend, I wanted (want) to go bungee jumping
By October, Francis .
with my friend, Mary. We (1)
(never do) it before, so we were very excited. Mary 2 Their plane arrives in Madrid at 6 o’clock. (arrive)
(2) (plan) everything for At 7 o’clock, their plane .
weeks. On the day, we (3) 3 My father will collect you from the airport. (wait)
(arrive) at the bungee jumping site, which was a
When you get to the airport, my father
tall bridge, early in the morning. The sun
.
(4) (rise) and the sky
(5) (look) beautiful. Mary 4 I won’t finish my work by 9 o’clock. (finish)
(6) (stare) down at the river By 9 o’clock, I .
below the bridge while I (7) 5 Between 1 o’clock and 3 o’clock tomorrow, we have a
(get) ready. I (8) (put on) my meeting. (have)
At 2 o’clock tomorrow, we .

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 Unit 2 Grammar practice 
Relative clauses; relative 3 Complete the second sentence with between two and
pronouns and prepositions five words so that it has the same meaning as the first
sentence. Use the bold words.
1 Rewrite the sentences with relative pronouns and Peter, who did you send the email to? (to)
adverbs. If the pronoun / adverb can be omitted, put it
Peter, to whom did you send the email?
in brackets. Add commas where necessary.
1 That’s my father. I would do anything for him. (whom)
That’s the book. I was telling you about it.
That’s my father I would do
That’s the book (which) I was telling you about. anything.
1 Susan is travelling to Madrid next month. Her son is a
2 That’s the hostel owner. I know very little about him.
doctor.
(about)

That’s the hostel owner I
2 They are the people. They invited us to their party. know very little.
3 The hall we rented for the ceremony was very dirty.
3 These are the diamonds. I bought them in Greece. (which)
The hall, for the ceremony,
4 The day was 2 September. Our baby was born. was very dirty.
4 That man was late for work. (who)
5 This jumper is too small. It was made by my mother. That was late for work.
5 Ali H is the singer. His song was in the top ten last week.
(whose)
6 This is the place. She met her boyfriend here.
Ali H is song was in the top

ten last week.
2 Complete the mini-dialogues with suitable relative 6 Pat’s sculptures are in a museum. He’s famous for them.
pronouns or relative pronouns with prepositions. (which)
A Why are you looking at that old house? Pat’s sculptures, , are in a
B That’s the house in which I was born. museum.
1 A Why is this day circled on your calendar? 7 The people who I went to the festival with are my
cousins. (whom)
B That’s the day I got
married. The people I went to the
festival are my cousins.
2 A Do you know anything about those paintings?
B Yes, those are the paintings 4 Correct the sentences. Two sentences are correct.
van de Meer is famous. She’s the woman which made my sister’s wedding dress.
3 A That’s the woman son She’s the woman who made my sister’s wedding dress.
robbed the bank. 1 The glasses, that I bought yesterday, are very nice.
B Really? She must be very upset.
4 A Let’s talk about eighteenth-century poetry. 2 Ivan who mother is Polish always visits us at Easter.
B No thanks. Eighteenth-century poetry,
I know nothing, is a 3 Do you remember the day when you went to her
rather boring subject. wedding?
5 A Mary, is going to teach
me to speak German, is standing over there.
4 Those are the presents we bought for her birthday.
B Oh, let’s go and talk to her.

6 A What are you studying? 5 That’s the country for which we met some nice people.
B I’m revising some of the verbs
we learnt last week.
6 Let’s find a cinema who shows films all night.

7 We didn’t know that to get them for their anniversary.

8 That’s the boy whom I sent the letter to.

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 Unit 3 Grammar practice 
Modal verbs 3 Choose the correct alternatives.
1 Decide how the underlined forms are used in the If you’re ill, you ought to / can see a doctor.
sentences. Then choose the correct alternatives. 1 Needn’t / Can mobile phones be turned on in the
theatre?
In the UK, you can learn to drive when you are seventeen
2 The criminal may / mustn’t serve a ten-year prison
years old. (advice / permission )
sentence, but we’re not sure yet.
1 You have to wear a helmet when you ride a motorbike.
3 You could / must have a licence to drive a car.
(obligation / ability)
It’s the law.
2 You can’t go out until you’ve done your homework. 4 You mustn’t / don’t have to sign in at the club if
(absence of obligation / prohibition) you’re a member.
3 We don’t have to pay for our tickets because 5 The children mustn’t / don’t need to get up early
we’re students. (absence of obligation / tomorrow. It’s a holiday.
recommendation) 6 The prisoner might / needs to get out early for good
4 They ought to ask for directions from the police officer. behaviour.
(obligation / advice)
5 You must wear a seat belt in the car. (obligation / Modal perfects
ability)
4 Match the bold modal perfect verbs in sentences 1–5
6 He’s allowed to go to the concert if he promises to be with explanations A–F.
home by midnight. (permission / possibility)
Your son might have broken our window, but we’re not
7 They shouldn’t let their children stay at home alone. sure.  D
(permission / advice)
1 She didn’t commit the crime, so she couldn’t have
8 As a young person, you mustn’t work more than twelve gone to prison.
hours a week during school term time. 2 They needn’t have taken any food. My mum cooked
(absence of obligation / prohibition) all morning.
9 You’re seventeen years old, so you’re able to tell 3 He must have burgled that house. The police found
the difference between right and wrong. (ability / his fingerprints on the window.
permission) 4 You shouldn’t have stayed out so late.
10 You broke the law, so you might go to prison. 5 She’s a lawyer, so she might have helped you when
(possibility / advice) you asked.

2 Match the bold forms in sentences 1–5 with A–F. A  a past action or event was wrong
B a past action or event happened but wasn’t
When I was young, people could leave school at the age of
necessary
thirteen. C
C a past action or event was possible but didn’t happen
1 You can speak three languages.
D  a past action or event possibly happened
2 If you park here, you may get a fine.
E  a past action or event definitely didn’t happen
3 You needn’t take out the rubbish. I’ve already done it.
F  a past action or event definitely happened

4 You must go over there. 5 Complete the sentences with the modal perfect verbs
in the list.
5 You can make one telephone call.
could have been hurt might have taken
A need to
needn’t have bought ought to have looked
B might
should have given
C were able to
I think Tony might have taken your wallet.
D are allowed to
1 They
E don’t have to
both ways before crossing the busy street.
F are able to
2 You
him a lift – you weren’t doing anything that evening.
3 We
a present because the party has been cancelled.
4 She
when she fell off her bike.

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 Unit 4 Grammar practice 
The passive; the causative 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
bold verbs. Use the causative in either the formal or
1 Complete the sentences with the correct passive form informal form.
of the bold verbs.
The writer got / had her novel published last December.
Our house is painted once every two years. (paint) (publish)
1 These letters 1 Tomorrow, they a new program
tomorrow. (write) on their computer. (install)
2 Your suit yet, sir. 2 The students their exams
(not clean) by the teacher yet.
3 Mary’s coat at the (not mark)
party last night. (steal) 3 My parents their new cottage
4 While Tim’s motorbike , next summer. (build)
he waited in a café. (repair) 4 Fiona her nose
5 The girls to the fashion before I could talk to her
show right now. (drive) about it. (pierce)
6 The food still at the 5 They their flat
end of the party. (not eat) when I visited them last night.
(decorate)
2 Complete the sentences with the correct passive form 6 some flowers
of the verbs in the list.
in the back garden next week?
decorate drive find grow mark not wash (you / plant)
The car will be driven by my dad next week. 7 Tina her shoes
1 A lot of wheat in the yet. (not repair)
fields of western Canada every year. 8 I my clothes
2 Some people made a lot of money when gold by someone else. I make them
in the area last year. myself. (not make)
3 Our house by some 5 Rewrite the sentences using the causative. Use either
painters at the moment. the formal or informal form shown in brackets.
4 My football shirt yet – Jake’s wife washes his clothes every week. (informal)
it’s still dirty.
Jake gets his clothes washed by his wife every week.
5 While Tony’s essay by 1 The hairdresser was cutting Martha’s hair. ( formal)
his teacher, he read his book.

3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Use by + agent if 2 The decorators are painting my bedroom. ( formal)
necessary.
Stella McCartney designed Sue’s dress. 3 The restaurant will deliver our food. (informal)
Sue’s dress was designed by Stella McCartney.
1 Did Lee Harvey Oswald shoot John F. Kennedy in 1963? 4 Did he clean your windows yesterday? (informal)

2 That waiter serves over 100 customers every day. 5 Has your father fixed Tim’s bike yet? (informal)

3 My mum is cooking your dinner now. 6 Is the estate agent going to sell your house? ( formal)

4 The director was making the film this time last month. 7 The chef made his dinner. ( formal)

5 Jake has already washed my dad’s car. 8 Someone is applying the model’s make-up at the
moment. (informal)
6 Gina had taken the rubbish out before I arrived home.

7 The caterers will deliver the cake tomorrow.

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 Unit 5 Grammar practice 
Conditionals; mixed conditionals 4 If I (not be) so busy, I
(come) to the party.
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the 5 If you (return) before
verbs in the list. Use the first conditional.
midnight, your mum and dad
be drink not gain not get not go study (not shout) at you.
take off tell 6 If our school (win) that
If I feel hot, I’ll take off my jacket. match, we (be) in the final.
1 If I’m thirsty, I some water. 4 Complete the mini-dialogues with the correct form of
2 If you stop eating sweets, you the bold verbs.
weight.
A You didn’t get home until 12 o’clock last night!
3 He won’t eat a pizza unless he B Sorry. I wish I’d called (call) to tell you that I’d be late.
very hungry.
1 A Why are you looking so sad, Rosa?
4 If we don’t insult the teacher, we
B I wish my older brother
into trouble.
(talk) to me more often.
5 If I break something valuable, I
2 A It’s still raining!
the owner.
B I know! If only it (stop).
6 She to bed early unless she’s
very tired. 3 A Have you ever seen a rock star?
7 They won’t do well in the science exam unless they B No. I wish I (see) the
for many hours. Rolling Stones when they played here last month.
4 A Are you enjoying living in England, Bahir?
2 Rewrite the sentences. Use the second conditional.
B Yes, but I wish I (speak)
He doesn’t go out very often, so he doesn’t have a social English better.
life.
If he went out more often, he would have a social life. 5 Complete the mixed conditional sentences with the
correct form of the bold verbs.
1 I haven’t got a car, so my parents have to drive me
everywhere. If Peter had got the job, he would be at work now. (be)
1 If she French at school, she
would be translating that book for us now. (study)
2 She isn’t good at maths, so she doesn’t do well in her 2 I would have danced with you at the party if I
exams. any sense of rhythm!
(have)
3 If their parents next
weekend, they would have agreed to come on the
3 They’re dishonest, so I don’t trust them.
skiing trip. (not visit)

4 If we hadn’t spent all our money last month, we
4 You’ve got a ticket, so you’ll go to the concert.
to the concert next week.
(go)

6 Complete the mixed conditional sentences with the
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the correct form of the verbs in the list.
bold verbs. Use the third conditional. do not come not spend pay speak win
Harriet wouldn’t have hurt (not hurt) herself if she’d worn If I’d won the match, I would be in the final now.
(wear) the protective clothing.
1 If I better at school, I would
1 If he (not be) in a hurry, he
be at university now.
(not leave) his papers at
work. 2 Violet’s employer her more
if she were better at her job.
2 If we (take) a different
route, we (arrive) at the 3 If George Chinese, he would
station on time. have translated the poem.

3 She (buy) a new dress for 4 If my mother to visit last

the party if she (know) week, I wouldn’t be so tired now.
about it sooner. 5 They would travel to Chile with us next month if they
all their money.

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 Unit 6 Grammar practice 
Reported speech; 3 Complete the second sentence so that it has the same
reporting verbs meaning as the first sentence. Use the bold reporting
verbs.
1 Rewrite the statements and questions in reported ‘Would you like to come ice-skating with me this
speech. afternoon?’ Bill asked Jane. (invite)
‘The food is rather bland,’ Helen said. Bill invited Jane to go ice-skating with him that afternoon.
Helen said that the food was rather bland. 1 ‘You should do a cookery course,’ he said to her.
1 ‘Manuel has just finished baking bread,’ I said. (advise)
He .
2 ‘Is she going to have a picnic?’ they asked. 2 ‘I’ve won many awards for my restaurants,’ said Jamie.
(declare)
3 ‘My dad can’t cook!’ said Fatima. Jamie .
3 ‘You’re going to drop that dish!’ Jake told her. (warn)
4 ‘Where did you do your training?’ Bill asked me. Jake .
4 ‘You have to cook the fish first,’ the teacher said to us.
5 ‘I’ll copy the recipe for Pat,’ she said. (explain)
The teacher .
6 ‘You must clean the kitchen,’ the manager said to me. 5 ‘You should go to the new café,’ said Dean.
(recommend)

Dean .
7 ‘I took them to a nice restaurant,’ said Jack.
6 ‘I don’t like the menu,’ said Stella. (complain about)

8 ‘Why are there more male chefs than female chefs?’ Stella .
the journalist asked. 7 ‘I’m sorry I was late for dinner,’ said Frank.
(apologize for)
Frank .
8 ‘We’ll walk your dog,’ they said to him. (offer)
2 Correct the reported sentences. Two sentences are They .
correct.
‘We’ll come to your family dinner,’ I said to her. 4 Translate the sentences into your language.
I said that we will come to her family dinner. 1 Greg apologized for making a mess in the kitchen the
I said that we would come to her family dinner. day before.
1 ‘Put the ingredients on the table,’ Jenny told me.
Jenny told me to put the ingredients on the table. 2 She asked why I had burnt those pies.

2 ‘We need these oranges,’ said my mum. 3 Alice suggested that we go to a restaurant the
My mum said that we would need these oranges. following day.

3 ‘My sister can bake anything!’ Stan told me. 4 We said that we couldn’t go to their barbeque that day.
Stan told me that his sister can bake anything.
5 The chef ordered me to leave his kitchen.
4 ‘I’m going to invite her to our party,’ said John.
John said that he was going to invite her to their party. 6 Cathy explained that she was making lunch.

5 ‘Stella went to the restaurant last week,’ Kevin told 7 Pierre told us that he would call that evening.
Sam.
Kevin told Sam that Stella had gone to the restaurant 8 The guests declared that it was the best meal they’d
last week. ever eaten.



6 ‘I create all my own dishes,’ the chef told me.
The chef told me that he creates all his own dishes.

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 Unit 7 Grammar practice 
Grammar review 4 If / you / see / him / you / tell / him / to text me / ?
( first conditional)
1 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the
mini-dialogues.
5 If / he / be / your friend / he / not make / fun of you
A I don’t know that / what to take home for my (second conditional)
grandmother. She (1) ’s never been /’d never been
to France, so I (2) will want / want to buy her 6 We / buy / a house / if / we / win / the lottery
something really nice. (third conditional)
B Well, she (3) might / can like some of this cheese
(4) in / for which the country is so famous.
7 High heels / wear / by many women (passive)
A That’s a good idea! I (5) should have thought /

should think of that!
A W
 hat’s the matter, Joe? You (1) ’re looking / look
4 Complete the second sentence so that it has the same
meaning as the first sentence. Use the correct form of
terrible!
the bold words.
B Well, I (2) ’ve just got / ’d just got into my car and I
‘I will be here at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning,’ she told me.
was driving down Maple Avenue. Then a dog ran out in
front of me! She told me that she would be there at 8 o’clock the
following morning.
A How awful! I wonder (3) whose / who dog it was.
1 ‘They are used to hard work,’ he said.
B I don’t know, but if I (4) haven’t been paying /
hadn’t been paying attention, I’m sure it He said that they used to hard
(5) wouldn’t be / wouldn’t have been alive now! work.
2 ‘You can’t smoke in here,’ the guard told him.
2 Choose the correct alternatives. The guard told him that he
I will have cleaned / be cleaning the house by smoke in there.
9 o’clock, so I’ll meet you then. 3 ‘Unless you stay at home, I’ll be angry,’ he told her.
1 My friend declared / recommended going on a diet. He told her that if she at
2 I sat / was sitting in a café when my best friend home, he would be angry.
had walked / walked in. 4 ‘Someone broke your window,’ she said.
3 We’ve already bought / already bought our new She said that my window  .
outfits for the wedding.
4 I wish I didn’t tell / hadn’t told my mum a lie last 5 Put the words in the correct order to form sentences.
week. at home / He / last / night / been / have / could
5 Dean thinks he will get / is getting a place at Oxford He could have been at home last night.
University. 1 to / they / go / Tunisia / to / Are / going / ?
6 By the end of Halloween, we collected / ’d collected
a lot of sweets. 2 have / get up / don’t / early / You / tomorrow / to
7 Mary and Steve are travelling / will travel to
Manchester tomorrow morning. 3 she / Does / to do / what / know / ?
8 If only I cooked / was cooking better food.
3 Write sentences. Use the forms in brackets. 4 to / might / go / had / to court / He / have / last week
Our sink / repair / today (passive)
Our sink is being repaired today. 5 had / abroad / My teacher / me / if / been / I / asked
1 Joe / his computer / fix / yesterday / ?
(causative – have) 6 dinner / was / I / cooking / when / rang / the phone

2 Julie / her hair / dye / at the moment 7 English / have / been / you / studying / How long / ?
(causative – get)
8 everything / got / need / you / Have / that / you
3 The criminal / sentence / to life in prison (passive)
9 this term / we / What / be / will / learning / ?

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 Unit 7 Grammar practice 
Grammar review 3 Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. Use the bold
reporting verbs.
1 Complete the email with the correct form of the bold
‘I’m the best dancer in here!’ he said (declared)
verbs.
He declared that he was the best dancer in there.
1 ‘We’re sorry we were late last night,’ they said.
(apologize for)
Hi Margie!
Did you know (you / know) that Bob White recently 2 ‘Don’t forget that the exam is at 2 o’clock tomorrow,’
Stella said to me. (remind)
(1) (decide) to open his
own café? I (2) (find out)
yesterday and I had to tell you the news!
Bob (3) (ask) the bank 3 ‘I will come to your party,’ she said to them. (promise)
for a loan last month and the bank
(4) (agree). Bob 4 ‘You should try Mario’s Café,’ Karen said. (recommend)
(5) (look) for a good

site for the café ever since then. At the moment, he
(6) (search) for an interior 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
designer to help him decorate his new place, and he verbs in the list.
(7) (interview) people to
can help her hair / cut not bring not lose
work for him.
not steal paint
(8) (not forget) that we I wish I could drive a car.
(9) (meet) at Jack’s
1 Julia by the
birthday party tomorrow night. I hope you
hairdresser at the moment.
(10) (not be) late again!
2 You the DVD.
Bye for now,
You’re in trouble now.
Jodie
3 I you if I’d known
PS I (11) (work) you were having problems.
in the office until 6 o’clock tomorrow evening, so I
4 This by Jackson
(12) (go) straight to the
Pollock.
party.
5 If only I my wallet.

2 Complete the sentences with the words in the list. Use 6 You flowers, but
each word only once. Add commas where necessary. I’m glad you did!

about which for which that what when 5 Rewrite the sentences. Use the forms in brackets.
where which who whose
They’re planning to go to Cyprus. ( future with be going to)
Julia, who is my best friend, is coming for dinner this They’re going to go to Cyprus.
evening. 1 He’s very wealthy. He has a house in Italy.
1 I don’t know the teacher was talking (second conditional)
about! If
2 Blackbeard’s crimes he is famous 2 Taking photographs in here is prohibited. (modal verb)
are described in this book.
You
3 The day you proposed was the best 3 The police officer fined Bob for speeding. (passive)
day of my life.
Bob
4 These earrings I bought in Spain are
4 The hairdresser is cutting Mary’s hair at the moment.
made of gold.
(causative – informal)
5 The dress I wanted to wear
Mary
tomorrow night is dirty.
5 Did vandals spray graffiti on your house? (passive)
6 Martial arts I know a lot are very
Was
interesting to watch.
6 It was raining. She got wet. (third conditional)
7 The house the poet was born is
over there. If
8 Jason father is a pilot wants to 7 Vince was asleep. Mary read her book. (past continuous)
study aviation. Vince
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 Unit 7 Grammar practice 
Grammar review 3 Correct the sentences. Two sentences are correct.
We’ll be learning a lot more about the disease by the end
1 Complete the second sentence so that it has the same
of this decade.
meaning as the first sentence. Use the bold words.
We’ll have learnt a lot more about the disease by the end
‘If I were you, I’d get a good lawyer,’ my friend said. (to) of this decade.
My friend said that I ought to get a good lawyer. 1 The police officer recommended the thief to stop.
1 I regret breaking the law. (only)

If
2 Our house, that we bought in 2005, has got twelve
2 I got up early last Sunday, but it wasn’t necessary. rooms.
(need)

I
3 I’ve been knowing my best friend since I was a child.
3 I should have travelled more when I was young. (wish)

I
4 Jim has been working in the garden all morning, so he’s
4 Bill didn’t sign up. He isn’t with us on the trip today. very hot.
(would)

If Bill
5 We were eating breakfast when the phone was ringing.


5 If you don’t tidy your room, you can’t go out. (unless)
6 I put my keys in my bag after I was locking the door.
You

6 We didn’t have a car. We took a taxi to the concert.
(have) 7 His sculptures, for which he is famous, are on display at
the gallery.
If


8 Will you be typing all these letters by the time you leave?
7 My grandfather works on the farm. He gets very tired.
(not)
If 4 Rewrite the sentences. Use the forms in brackets.

She didn’t dress smartly for the interview, so she didn’t get
2 Complete the second sentence with between two and the job. (third conditional)
five words so that it has the same meaning as the first If she’d dressed smartly for the interview, she would have
sentence. got the job.
The criminal stole the painting. 1 That’s the girl. She’s studying at university.
(relative pronoun)
The painting was stolen by the criminal.

1 Will someone repair your motorbike at the weekend?
2 He isn’t a good athlete. He isn’t in the school team.
Will at the (second conditional)
weekend?

2 The man has just cleaned the floor.

The floor the
3 ‘Put the gun down,’ the police officer said to the
man. robber. (reporting verb)
3 This is the town. Many famous people were born here.
This is the town
many famous people were born. 4 I took the money and I know it was wrong.
4 ‘I’ll come to your house at 5 o’clock,’ he told her. (modal perfect)
He told her that
her house at 5 o’clock. 5 You didn’t call, so I didn’t come to your house.
5 Joey is my partner. His sister is a singer. (third conditional)
Joey, is a singer,
is my partner. 6 ‘You need to lose weight,’ the doctor said to her.
6 I’m travelling to Barbados next Tuesday. I’m going to go (reported speech)
the beach when I get there.
Next Tuesday, I 7 It’s illegal to park here. (modal verb)
on the beach in Barbados.

26 PHOTOCOPIABLE  © OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

4327510 OTY TRB2.indb 26 16/05/2013 10:28

EXÁMENES TIPO EBAU
 4 EXTRA EXAM PRACTICE Name

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

THE FLAME ACADEMY

Being a fire-fighter can’t be an easy job, but almost equally challenging is the training to become one.
In Britain, fire-fighters get their training at the Fire Service College, where heat, toxic fumes, smoke and
danger are all in a day’s study. Naturally, they attend lectures about rescue work but above all, they get
practical training. Nothing can take the place of hands-on experience, and the Fire Service College makes
5 sure they get plenty of it.
Evidence of this is seen on the college grounds, which are filled with wrecks of replicas that include
ships, helicopters, passenger jets, an office building and a train. As part of their training, the trainee fire-
fighters have to experience fighting fires in all of these situations using ordinary fire-fighting equipment
and wearing protective clothing. They go into burning buildings and other blazing infernos to put out fires
10 and practise rescue procedures. They learn what it is to feel the intense heat of a real fire and experience
the effects of working in clouds of thick smoke. This experience teaches them to anticipate problems and
be prepared for them, as well as how to deal with different kinds of fires.
Future fire-fighters also learn at the college that their job isn’t only about putting out the fire or
performing rescues. Knowing what materials started the fire is important for assessing the cause of the
15 fire and therefore, they learn to work with specially trained dogs as part of their team. The dogs’
supersensitive noses can sniff out any substance that causes fire even after it has been burnt with other
materials. Dogs also help in rescue work. Their sensitive hearing helps them to pick up faint cries from
trapped survivors which aren’t always heard by the human ear. In addition, they can sense escaping gas
and warn fire-fighters of toxic fumes.
20 Hollywood films are about as near as most people get to blazing infernos, but for those who choose to
fight fires for a living, training makes the difference between life and death.

1 Complete the sentences using the information 3 Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?
given in the text. Use your own words as far as Find evidence in the text to support your answers.
possible. ...... 1. At the Fire Service College, the emphasis is on
1. To give fire-fighters hands-on experience, training practical training.
conditions include ..................................................... ...........................................................................
................................................................................ . ...........................................................................
2. Compared to humans, dogs have got a better sense ...... 2. Trainees are exposed to different types of fires.
of ............................................................................. . ...........................................................................
...........................................................................
2 Choose the best meaning for each word or ...... 3. The fire-fighters learn to train dogs.
phrase. ...........................................................................
1. above all (line 3) ...........................................................................
a. in addition
b. equally 4 Choose the correct answer.
c. most importantly The main idea of this text is that
2. sniff out (line 16) a. fire-fighters like danger.
a. smell b. the Fire Service College is interesting to visit.
b. dig c. there are many aspects of a fire-fighter’s job.
c. destroy
3. faint (line 17) 5 Write a composition of about 100-150 words.
a. noisy Choose one option.
b. strange 1. Describe a dangerous situation that you or someone
c. very soft you know experienced.
2. In your opinion, what is the most exciting job? Explain.

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 5 EXTRA EXAM PRACTICE Name

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

THE GRAMMYS
While the ambition of film stars in the United States is to win an Oscar at the Academy Awards,
musicians dream of winning a Grammy. There are four major music awards, but the Grammys are
considered the most prestigious.
Unlike the other three music awards, the Grammys are awarded to artists solely for their artistic and
5 technical achievements, and decisions are not based on public opinion or sales and chart positions. The
winners are chosen by the Recording Academy, an association of professional individuals who are
involved in some way with the recorded music industry. They meet annually to decide who should get the
awards. Choosing the winners is not easy because it’s a case of professionals honouring the artistic and
technical achievements of their colleagues.
10 There are 30 types of music and a total of 105 categories within these genres ranging from rap to
classical, rock to jazz and pop to gospel. In addition, music scores written for films and for musicals in the
theatre are also submitted. The awards presentation ceremony, which is held in February, is very
impressive. Many artists perform during a very popular televised, live programme, making it a
spectacular event.
15 Like the Oscars, the Grammys are often criticised. People claim that too many awards go to
well-established artists. They would also like to see talented newcomers getting awards. Another criticism
is that the awards are sometimes given to musicians whose work is being promoted by the recording
industry.
The Grammys are more than an award. In 1989, the Grammy committee decided to establish the Grammy
20 Foundation. Its aim is to increase the public’s awareness of the role recorded music plays in the country’s
culture. In addition, it organises programmes and activities for schools, believing that music has a positive
influence on young people.

1 Choose the correct answer. 3 Answer the questions according to the information
1. The Grammys in the text. Use your own words as far as possible.
a. are considered more important than the Oscars. 1. How do the Grammys differ from the other music
b. are awarded to winners at the Academy Awards. awards?
c. are the most important music award. .............................................................................
2. Winners of a Grammy .............................................................................
a. must first have won another contest. 2. Why do some people criticise the Grammys?
b. are not chosen by the public. .............................................................................
c. must be members of the Recording Academy. .............................................................................
3. The annual awards presentation
a. takes place before a popular TV programme. 4 Rewrite the sentence without changing the original
b. is part of a live programme. meaning.
c. is recorded in a studio.
In 1989, the Grammy committee decided to establish a
Grammy Foundation.
2 Choose the best meaning for each word or
phrase. In 1989, a decision .........................................................
1. ambition (line 1) ........................................................................................
a. fear
b. aspiration 5 Write a composition of about 100-150 words.
c. promise Choose one option.
2. well-established (line 16) 1. Describe your favourite musician.
a. wealthy 2. Describe a performance that you have attended or
b. talented watched on TV.
c. famous

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 6 EXTRA EXAM PRACTICE Name

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

ETHICAL CONSUMERS
I When people go shopping, their attention is usually focused on finding what they are looking for at the
best possible price. However, people have recently started to become aware of being ethical consumers as
well. Ethical consumers care about the conditions in which products are made. An ethical consumer wants
to be sure that a product has been made by a company that does not harm the environment and that trades
fairly.
II In Britain, organisations like Fairtrade Labelling and Friends of the Earth encourage consumers to be
more ethical. To do this, they provide consumers with information about companies that care about the
environment and trade fairly. Companies that care about the environment don’t pollute the land or rivers,
don’t test cosmetics on animals and don’t cut down trees from endangered forests. Companies that trade
fairly respect the basic labour rights of their employees, provide reasonable working conditions and pay
their workers fixed, competitive rates.
III When consumers demand fair trading, the consequences can be far-reaching. For example, if a farmer
who grows coffee beans gets a fair price for his produce, he can buy the necessary equipment to improve
his farming methods, increase his profits and give his children an education. A large number of British
supermarkets now stock fairly traded coffee, chocolate and other food products as a result of consumer
demands.
IV When ethical consumers are not satisfied, they boycott companies. It is estimated that some major
companies in Britain can lose about €3.8 billion a year because of boycotts. One well-known clothing
chain, Gap, cancelled deals with 136 plants when they discovered that the plants making their products
were violating ethical rules of business conduct.
V It is difficult to measure the exact impact of ethical consumerism. But one thing is sure: Ethical shopping
gives consumers the power to cause changes and to influence what happens in the world. Hopefully, they
can help to make it a better place.

1 Choose the correct answer. 3 Answer the question according to the information
1. Ethical consumers in the text.
a. avoid buying cheap products. How can a consumer affect a farmer’s life?
b. are concerned about how products are ................................................................................
manufactured. ................................................................................
c. trade fairly.
2. Gap 4 Find words or expressions in the text that mean:
a. tries to satisfy ethical consumers. 1. hurt (paragraph l) .........................
b. lost more than €3 billion from boycotting. 2. supply (paragraph ll) .........................
c. boycotts major companies in Britain. 3. not obeying (paragraph lV) .........................
4. effect (paragraph V) .........................
2 Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?
Find evidence in the text to support your 5 Write a composition of about 100-150 words.
answers. Choose one option.
...... 1. Friends of the Earth trade fairly. 1. In your opinion, when is it justified to boycott a
.......................................................................... company?
.......................................................................... 2. Write a letter to the manager of a shop that you have
...... 2. Consumers can influence a shop’s choice of recently been to telling him / her why you
products. like / don’t like shopping there.
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
...... 3. Boycotts don’t affect major brands.
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

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 2 EXTRA EXAM PRACTICE Name

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

WHAT’S IN A PACKAGE?
Packaging has become a big business. More and more people around the world are employed in
companies that specialise in making and designing packaging and product labels. Companies spend large
sums of money on eye-catching packages designed for their products. It is a very effective form of
advertising. In fact, for many shoppers, a product’s appeal is as much about the packaging as it is about
5 what is inside.
Creating appealing packaging requires talent. According to Robert Opie, Britain’s biggest collector of
packaging, packaging is a work of art. In his opinion, people do not recognise its artistic value because
they usually see different forms of packaging on supermarket shelves, not in museums. He is happy that
visitors to London can now see displays of packaging in the new Museum of Brands, Packaging and
10 Advertising. There are 10,000 exhibits including bottles, tins, jars, boxes and cartons dating from the
early 19th century until today.
Packaging isn’t only about appearance. Sometimes the appeal is in the fact that it is hygienic or
convenient. Products such as meat, vegetables, fruits and baked goods that were once sold individually
are often packaged in attractive, clean trays and boxes. Shoppers are also attracted to the convenience of
15 pre-prepared foods which come in disposable containers, leaving no dishes to be washed.
There is, however, a price to be paid. Getting rid of all this material creates a serious environmental
problem. Although recycling helps, it is not a perfect solution. Appeals have been made to manufacturers
and retailers to use less packaging, and some have been cooperative by using lighter glass bottles and tins,
and replacing heavy cardboard boxes with light fibre containers.
20 Concerned governments are still not convinced that enough is being done to protect the environment.
They want to make stricter laws, such as banning all packaging material that is not biodegradable, or
limiting the amount of packaging that manufacturers and retailers are allowed to use.

1 Complete the sentences using the information 3 Rewrite the sentence without changing the original
given in the text. Use your own words as far as meaning.
possible. Getting rid of all this material creates a serious
1. Companies spend a lot of money on packaging environmental problem.
because .................................................................. A serious environmental .........................................
............................................................................. . .............................................................................. .
2. Packaging isn’t usually considered art because.....
............................................................................... 4 Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?
............................................................................. . Find evidence in the text to support your answer.
3. In many countries, there would be less damage to ...... 1. Packaging is never as important as the product.
the environment if ................................................... ...........................................................................
............................................................................. . ...........................................................................
...... 2. Packaging didn’t exist a hundred years ago.
2 Match a word to its definition. ...........................................................................
1. appeal (line 4) .... a. forbidding the use of ...........................................................................
2. disposable (line 15) .... b. attraction ...... 3. Both hygiene and convenience are a part of
3. getting rid (line 16) .... c. willing to help packaging.
4. cooperative (line 18) .... d. disposing ...........................................................................
5. banning (line 21) .... e. made to be thrown away ...........................................................................
5 Write a composition of about 100-150 words.
Choose one option.
1. What influences you when deciding where to shop?
2. Write a letter of complaint to a shop or restaurant.

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