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    Dr. Milind Sahasrabuddhe PDF

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    Shefali Singh
    This document discusses the issue of educated unemployment in India. It notes that while India has expanded its higher education system, there remains a mismatch between the skills taught and market demands that leads to unemployment or underemployment of graduates. Some key reasons identified for this are an outdated curriculum that does not keep up with changing times and technology, a lack of practical skills development and training, and insufficient government funding of higher education. The document argues for reforms such as regularly updating curriculum, increasing the emphasis on practical and vocational skills training, developing entrepreneurial attitudes in students, and allocating more resources to the higher education sector.

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    Dr. Milind Sahasrabuddhe PDF

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    Shefali Singh
    105 views5 pages
    This document discusses the issue of educated unemployment in India. It notes that while India has expanded its higher education system, there remains a mismatch between the skills taught and market demands that leads to unemployment or underemployment of graduates. Some key reasons identified for this are an outdated curriculum that does not keep up with changing times and technology, a lack of practical skills development and training, and insufficient government funding of higher education. The document argues for reforms such as regularly updating curriculum, increasing the emphasis on practical and vocational skills training, developing entrepreneurial attitudes in students, and allocating more resources to the higher education sector.

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    This document discusses the issue of educated unemployment in India. It notes that while India has expanded its higher education system, there remains a mismatch between the skills taught and market demands that leads to unemployment or underemployment of graduates. Some key reasons identified for this are an outdated curriculum that does not keep up with changing times and technology, a lack of practical skills development and training, and insufficient government funding of higher education. The document argues for reforms such as regularly updating curriculum, increasing the emphasis on practical and vocational skills training, developing entrepreneurial attitudes in students, and allocating more resources to the higher education sector.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    105 views5 pages

    Dr. Milind Sahasrabuddhe PDF

    Uploaded by

    Shefali Singh
    This document discusses the issue of educated unemployment in India. It notes that while India has expanded its higher education system, there remains a mismatch between the skills taught and market demands that leads to unemployment or underemployment of graduates. Some key reasons identified for this are an outdated curriculum that does not keep up with changing times and technology, a lack of practical skills development and training, and insufficient government funding of higher education. The document argues for reforms such as regularly updating curriculum, increasing the emphasis on practical and vocational skills training, developing entrepreneurial attitudes in students, and allocating more resources to the higher education sector.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    Educated Unemployment in India: A Serious Problem

    Dr. Milind Sahasrabuddhe,


    Associate Professor
    Department of Educational Administration
    Faculty of Education & Psychology
    The M.S.University of Baroda,
    Vadodara-390002
    Gujarat, India

    Introduction
    A system of Higher Education in India has travelled a long journey. Today, we have more
    than 100 Universities of different types and numbers of colleges. Higher education, now, has
    reached to all nooks and concerns of this country and it has percolates to lowest rung of the
    society. Today one can find progress of Technical higher education also and fruits of its
    development are also enjoyed by women too. We had ancient Universities like Takshshila,
    Nalanda & Vallabhi and now every state has University- some of them are controlled by
    central government and some are controlled by various Sate governments. We have private
    Universities also who depend on students’ fees. Some institutes of higher learning are also
    given status of “Universities Deemed to be “.

    Significance of Higher Education in India


    When one looks at an importance of Higher Education, one would note that the system of
    Higher Education enjoys importance at micro and macro level. It prepares individuals with
    knowledge and skills which are needed for development of all sectors of economy. Thus, it
    supplies skilled and trained Human power which is demanded by various sectors of national
    economy. Therefore, matter of quality is a great concern for all of us as effectiveness and
    efficiency of the system will depend on quality of the system. If a system of Higher
    Education is having a good quality, nation as a whole would be benefited because
    purposes of different sectors will be served satisfactorily if it receives good
    quality of Human power. One must remember that human resources are of great
    importance as quality of output will depend on quality of inputs. On the other hand, absence
    of highly trained and skilled human power will lead to wastage of all resources.

    Measures of Quality
    One has to remember that the system of Higher Education comprise of undergraduate, post
    graduate, M.Phil and Ph.D. level courses. Following are some of the indicators for quality
    with reference to a system of Higher Education:
    Nature of curriculum
    Demand for different types of Human power
    Allocation of money to Higher Education
    We have to remember that there can be many more indicators for quality but major indicators
    have been discussed here.
    character of curriculum
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    We have to remember one thing that supply must be in match with demand we cannot afford
    to ignore challenges posed by new era; after advent of tree market economy & globalization
    as well as privatization, we must remember market demands. We have to now keep pace with
    modern technology which has become inseparable part of our present life when we keep in
    mind all these things, we need to look at our present curriculum. We need to make proper
    changes with regard to our curriculum as we cannot go a long way with our unchanged
    curriculum. This is because we cannot respond to market demands and our inputs will simply
    be wasted and there will be either “Under Employment “or “Un Employment”. At micro and
    macro level, we cannot afford with this situation. Therefore, we must make efforts for
    bringing relevant changes with regard to our curriculum- both theory and practical aspects.
    This is true especially for higher professional education. We need not follow blindly
    whatever takes place in west but at the same time, we can not close our eyes totally. We
    should not take unnecessary pride for our age old curriculum under the name of preservation
    of our old culture. We must change with time and there is no harm if we make proper use of
    educational technology.
    Demand for Human power of varied nature
    We not forget a fact that supply should be accordingly to demand made by different sectors
    of our national economy. If output from various institutions of higher learning is as per
    demand, we will not find mismatch.
    This is possible when our human resources are getting latest knowledge and good thinking.
    We should not rely on age old things. If our human power is not properly trained for use of
    modern technology, they would not be of much use for their employers and hence at micro
    level, they will not get proper earning and at macro level, they will not be of much use.
    Hence, there will be wastage of Human resources in terms of energy they put in and amount
    which is spent on them. If they do not update themselves much, they won’t find good demand
    for them from their customers.

     Human Resource’s character


    For ensuring good quality, not only theoretical knowledge but knowledge in terms of
    practical aspects will also be of great importance and human resources need to keep pace
    with latest trends in their own field. They must acquire latest knowledge with needed
    training. They should develop positive attitude towards changes and they must adopt them, if
    needed. For ensuring good quality, not only theoretical knowledge but knowledge in terms of
    practical aspects will also be of great importance and human resources need to keep pace
    with latest trends in their own field. They must acquire latest knowledge with needed
    training.

     Finance to Higher Education


    We must feel sorry for one important thing i.e. allocation of money to Higher Education.
    Though, we all are aware about importance of higher education for a nation but when it
    comes to allocation from government, one has to say that for government, education was
    never a priority but it will come only towards an end Secondary Education Commission
    (1964-66) said that 6% of G.N.P. should be allocated to Education but government has not
    spend more than 3% of G.N.P. for education. If we dream for India to be a super power
    economy in near future, government has to pay due attention and act on it. If government
    leaves everything to private sector, it is not desirables as many times it was found that private
    sector is not serving interests of majority but of few only. Further, growth of general streams
    89
    of higher education was never interest of private sector as money making was possible only
    in case of professional higher education.

    Reasons for low quality of Higher Education:


    Irrelevant out dated curriculum syllabus
    Lack of good quality training of human resources
    Lack of sufficient allocation of money to higher education system
    Large scale unemployment
    Lack of due interest of private initiatives
    Lack of adequate infrastructure facilities in institutions of higher learning
    Lack of suitable mechanism for improvement of quality of higher education
    Therefore, due measures need to be taken to overcome these causes which are responsible for
    low quality of a system of higher education.

    Causes for low rate of Employment


    It is well known fact that in India, person is lowly paid for the job. Here he/she is either
    underemployed or unemployed. Unemployment is a situation when one is jobless. We need
    to understand various causes for this situation.

    1. Outdated curriculum: It is a sad state of affair that curriculum at all levels-


    especially in higher education is outdated. We are still following that age old
    curriculum. In other words, we fail to keep pace with the changing world. We must
    regularly update our curriculum since failure in this regard will lead to a situation
    where we cannot provide employment to those who would pass out from institutions
    of higher learning. Therefore, we need to include all those inputs in curriculum, so
    they will keep pace with changes of modern times. Transaction of revised curriculum
    in our classrooms will make it easier for our products to get proper employment.
    2. Lack of proper skill development to those who study in institutions of
    higher education: We provide such education which is not only age old but we
    provide theoretical education – to a great extent and we fail to equip our outputs with
    such skills which would help them in job markets. The situation is truer in case of
    general education. We must make our education more practice based since such
    education would prepare our products to earn or to get reward from whatever they put
    in. They do invest time, money and physical as well as mental labor and if they do not
    get proper return out of their investment, it is not a desirable situation. They have to
    get proper, return from their investment otherwise that is not an investment.
    3. Lack of enterprising attitude among young people: Those who pass out
    from institutions of higher learning – be from any discipline, they would look fpr a
    job where they would be employed by others. But they lack an enterprising attitude
    which would make them self employed. There are many professions and occupations
    where they can earn for themselves. They can be their own employers. There are
    many virgin fields which needs exploration. Of course, that will demand more time
    but they need to be patient for earning. When they earn by their own efforts, they

    90
    would get lot of freedom/autonomy to work. They can evolve their own set of rules
    than following someone’s rules. Even if their reward is not very high in the beginning,
    they need to wait for some time to get higher earnings.
    4. Absence of good enthusiasm for vocational education: This is in match
    with what Ghandiji said centuries ago. Such education would help them in two ways.
    One, they would be able to earn and secondly, they would develop dignity of labor.
    They should not consider any work of inferior status. They should drive out such
    notions from their mind. They should give equal value to all jobs. This is because that
    job would help them to earn something (Beneficial at micro level) and society, at
    large, would also be benefited (Beneficial at macro level). Therefore, we would be
    able to solve problem of unemployment which at present is prevailing on larger scale.
    Educated persons would not be trapped by concept of so called “social status”
    attached to some jobs only.
    5. Mismatch between supply and demand: When one keeps in mind two
    elementary concepts of economics, one would notice that in India, supply of highly
    educated human power is more torn then their demands in job markets. In our mad
    race to increase rate of higher education, we did promote private efforts and we did
    produce greater number of output from our institutions of higher learning. Thus, not
    only colleges and universities increased in number but we also produced very large
    number of products. At the same time, various sections of economy fail to employ
    them in sufficient number and hence there was way a situation of unemployment.

    Conclusion
    One cannot deny importance of higher education at micro and macro level. Our
    ultimate goal should be improvement of quality because more quantitative expansions
    cannot ensure long term development in a real sense. If we want to transform our
    dream of being a “Super Power Economy” in reality, we must make hard efforts to
    bring quantitative improvement in a positive direction. At the same time we have to
    make sincere efforts to increase employment among our educated youth because if
    they remain unemployed for a longer time, our dream of development will not be
    achieved in a real sense.

    91
    Bibliography
    Government of India (1998) Unorganized Manufacturing Sector in India: Its Size,
    Employment and Some Key Estimates, July 1994–June, 1995, NSS Report No. 433. New
    Delhi: National Sample Service Organization.
    Dev, S. Mahendrav and M. Venkatanarayana (2011) Youth Employment and
    Unemployment in India, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, April.
    Available at: http://www.igidr.ac.in/pdf/publication/WP-2011-009.pdf
    ILO (2005) Youth: Pathways to Decent Work: Promoting Youth Employment – Tackling
    the Challenge. International Labor Organization, Geneva.
    Visaria, P. (1998) Unemployment among Youth in India: Level, Nature and Policy
    Implications. Employment and Training Paper 36, Employment and Training Department.
    Geneva: International Labor Organization.
    World Bank (2010) India’s Employment Challenge – Creating Jobs, Helping Workers.
    New Delhi: Oxford University

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