59

48. Which of the following statements about the pattern of smartphone usage among
Americans is true?

(A) The youngest age group was highly dependent on a smartphone for internet use
GENERAL DIRECTIONS compared to text messaging.
(B) The rates of voice/video calling for the oldest and youngest smartphone owners were
The Philippine Law School Admission Test consists of four subtests. Each subtest nearly identical.
contains multiple-choice items. (C) Using e-mail was the most variable behavior among age groups.
(D) Text messaging was equally popular among age groups.
For each item, select your answer from the options given. On your answer sheet, shade
the circle marked with the letter of your chosen answer. For example, if your answer to 49. Which smartphone feature showed the highest variability in usage among owners?
an item is option C, then completely shade the circle marked C as shown below. Make
sure your mark on the circle is dark. Avoid incorrect shading of circles as they may not (A) Voice/Video calls
be recognized as an answer. (B) Text messaging
(C) Internet use
(D) E-mail

50. Which smartphone feature has a similar rate of usage between two age groups?

(A) Text messaging

(B) Internet use
(C) Voice/Video calls
(D) E-mail

Make sure you are marking the answer columns corresponding to the item number you
are on. Mark only one answer for each item. If you want to change your answer, erase STOP!
the first answer completely. Incomplete erasures will be interpreted as another answer
WAIT FOR FURTHER
considered wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS.
Do not write anything on this test booklet. Use the blank pages of your answer sheet for
your scratch work.

Follow carefully the specific directions for each subtest or section. When you finish a
subtest, proceed to the next until you have completed the entire test.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

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58 3

For items 47 to 50, refer to the graph below.

TEST A. COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY
PERCENTAGE OF SMARTPHONE USAGE IN 2014
ACROSS AGE GROUPS IN THE U.S. Section 1. Identifying Sentence Errors

18-29 30-49 50+ Directions: Read each sentence carefully but quickly, paying attention to the underlined word or
phrase. Each sentence contains either a single error or no error at all. If the sentence contains an
100 error, select the underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If
Text messaging 98 the sentence is correct, select choice D.
92
In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.
97
Internet use 90
80 1. Anybody who is ready with the answer may raise their right hand. No error
A B C D
Voice/video 93
91 2. The chairman of the board had spend nearly an hour listening to the members of the press
calls 94 A B C

91 before issuing the order. No error

E-mail 87 D
87
3. Some young people want success badly but they are not willing to work for it. No error
Source: Pew Research Center American Trends Panel, 2014.
A B C D
URL: http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/01/chapter-three-a-week-in-the-life-analysis-of-
smartphone-users 4. Some universities has set up small colleges for closer relationships between professors and
A B C
47. The Pareto chart shown below is constructed for the 30 49 age group based on
the bar graph. Which phone feature is misrepresented? students. No error
D
100
5. The administration officers have expressed to the rank and file
90
80
A B
70
60 for their loyalty and support. No error
50 C D
40
30 6. It is imperative that the matter be kept unknown from the organizers. No error

% of smartphone owners
20 A B C D
10
0
Text messaging Internet use Voice/Video E-mail
calls
7. Ramirez, accepting his defeat like a true sport, congratulated the newly proclaimed
A B C
Phone features

champion. No error
(A) Text messaging (C) Voice/Video calls D
(B) E-mail (D) Internet use

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4 57

8. The construction workers were tired but the afternoon nap rest them. No error For items 42 to 46, refer to the following situation.
A B C D
In 2015, Toyota Motor Philippines was able to sell a total of 124,426 units. This shows a
9. Did you notice the way she look when she caught sight of the accident victims? No error growth of 17.8% from its 2014 sales performance. Below is a table showing the top 5 models
A B C D that have the largest number of units sold during the year.

10. Smoke billowed above the rooftops as firemen battled their way through the noisy crowd. Model Vios 1.3 Hiace Innova Diesel Fortuner 4 2 Avanza
A B C No. of Units
30,754 16,675 16,079 15,148 8,646
Sold
No error Source: http://www.topgear.com.ph/news
D
42. How many units were sold in 2014?
11. Food at the canteen is expensive, so I use to bring a packed lunch. No error
A B C D (A) 71,762
(B) 87,302
12. Although tired and hungry, the governor reluctantly agreed to a twenty-minutes press (C) 102,278
A B C (D) 105,625

conference. No error 43. Suppose that, in the following year, the number of units sold for the top 5 models
D doubled except that for Vios 1.3. Which model(s) would have more number of units
sold than Vios 1.3?
13. The computer, a leading technological device, it makes human tasks easier to do.
A B C (A) Hiace only
(B) Innova Diesel and Hiace only
No error (C) Fortuner 4 2, Innova Diesel, and Hiace only
D (D) All four models

14. At the time of the revolution, violence during the vigil and moments of prayer 44. Which of the following can be concluded based on the table?
A B
(A) More people buy Vios 1.3 than any other Toyota model.
minimized by the leaders of different religious sectors. No error (B) Avanza is the most expensive Toyota model.
C D (C) People do not buy a vehicle based on the type of fuel it uses.
(D) All of these
15. That ninety percent of the body consists of fluids, particularly blood and water. No error
A B C D 45. If a 5% growth sale of Innova Diesel model is forecasted in 2018, how many units of this
model will be sold?
16. Mayon Volcano is an active stratovolcano in the Bicol Region renowned for its
A (A) Exactly 16,800
(B) More than 16,880
most perfect cone and nominated as one of the wonders of the world. No error (C) Less than 16,880
B C D (D) Exactly 16,880

46. Which of the following statements about the units sold in 2015 is FALSE?
17. If the Filipinos had not gone to the streets to demonstrate their resistance against
A B (A) About one fourth of the total units sold are Vios 1.3.
(B) Seventy percent of the total units sold belong to the top 5 models.
the dictator, we would not have regained our freedom. No error (C) There were more Vios 1.3 sold than Fortuner 4 2 and Avanza combined.
C D (D) Each of the top 5 models is at least 10% of the total units sold.

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56 5

For items 39 to 41, refer to the chart below. 18. The Senate has until November to conduct interviews for the confirmation of
A
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS (OFWs)
BY PLACE OF WORK: 2012 the P but the senators decided to do this after the budget session.
B C

Saudi Arabia (20.6%)

No error
D

Europe (8.7%) United Arab Emirates 19. If the phone rings answer it and make sure
(14.9%) A
North and South America Singapore (7.5%)
Asia (79.7%) , his contact number and what his message is. No error
(7.6%) Qatar (6.5%)
B C D
Australia (2.2%) Hongkong (5.5%)
Africa (1.7%) Kuwait (4.2%)
Japan (3.4%) 20. Most of the athletic equipments used this year by the PE Department are newly acquired.
A B C
Other countries (17.1%)

No error
D
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2012 Survey on Overseas Filipinos
URL: https://psa.gov.ph/content/2012-survey-overseas-filipinos 21. Our history teacher believes that twelve meetings are insufficient for us to master
A B C
39. Based on the chart, which of the following generalizations are true?
the history of Japan, so he assigned additional readings and projects for support.
I. There are more OFWs in Asian countries than in other places combined.
II. There are more OFWs in Japan than in Australia and Africa combined.
III. About one fifth of the OFWs in Asia are in Saudi Arabia. No error
IV. About one fourth of the OFWs are in North and South America and Europe. D
(A) I and II only 22. Despite the bad weather last Sunday, the family fun-run sponsored by the parents were
(B) I and III only A B C
(C) II and IV only
(D) I, III, and IV only so successful that they were able to raise sufficient funds to buy school materials for
40. Which place(s) of work comprise(s) approximately one tenth of the total OFWs in 2012?

(A) North and South America and Australia the Aetas. No error
(B) North and South America D
(C) Europe and Australia
(D) Europe

41. What will happen to the ranking of countries according to the percentage of OFWs if the
frequency distribution is reported instead of percent distribution?

(A) The ranking cannot be determined from the frequency distribution.

(B) The ranking will be reversed.
(C) The ranking will be the same.
(D) There will be tied ranks.

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6 55

For items 36 to 38, refer to the table below.

Section 2. Sentence Completion
DISTRIBUTION OF DEGREES GRANTED
Directions: Choose the word or phrase that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning IN PHILIPPINE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES
of the sentence as a whole.
Degree N %
Education 33,911,000 39.24
23. The class condoled with their teacher when her mother _____________ last week.
Business 34,193,000 39.57
(A) passed up Law 1,105,000 1.28
(B) passed off Architecture 279,000 0.32
(C) passed out Engineering 4,462,000 5.16
(D) passed away
Social Science 5,086,000 5.88
24. The cornered kidnappers were forced to _____________ their white flag because they Natural Science 2,364,000 2.74
feared for their lives. Medical Science 5,019,000 5.81
Medicine (36.5)
(A) rise
(B) race Dentistry (7.7)
(C) raze
Nursing (41.8)
(D) raise
Optometry (3.8)
25. _____________ his close relation with the victim, no one was allowed by the police to
Pharmacy (10.2)
enter the scene of the crime.

(A) Regarding 36. Approximately, what part of the population of graduates came from all other courses
(B) Irregardlessly of besides Education and Business?
(C) Regardless of
(D) Irregardless of (A) One third
(B) One fourth
26. _____________ the burglar was, he must have cased our house for days before actually (C) Less than one fourth
entering our house that night. (D) More than two thirds

(A) Whoever 37. How many percent of the total population finished Medicine?
(B) Whomever
(C) Whosoever (A) 2.12%
(D) Whomsoever (B) 6.29%
(C) 21.22%
27. Mother tells Sarah that her small cat named Elsie _____________ under the swing on (D) 36.54%
the front porch.
38. Which of the following statements does NOT correctly describe the distribution
(A) lays of degrees?
(B) lying
(C) is lying (A) The number of degrees in Medical Science differed from that in Social Science
(D) is laying by 67,000.
(B) The largest number of degrees was granted in Business.
(C) There were more degrees given in Nursing than in Education.
(D) There were 386,463 degrees granted in Dentistry.

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54 7

For items 33 to 35, refer to the chart below. 28. I _____________ the assigned task ahead of schedule.

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS ENROLLED IN THE DIFFERENT (A) done

COURSES IN A CERTAIN UNIVERSITY (N = 28,000) (B) am done
(C) was done
(D) have done
Dentistry
20%
29. The President, who is known to be a chain-smoker, might just _____________ stop
smoking in his own time without being pressured by anyone.

(A) quit
Nursing (B) quite
8% Management (C) quitely
55% (D) quietly
Political Science
4% 30. The employees are eagerly awaiting for the date of _____________ of their new
salary scheme.
Engineering
13% (A) affectivity
(B) effectivity
(C) effectiveness
33. Which course(s) comprise(s) one fifth of the total enrollment in the university? (D) effectiveliness

(A) Dentistry 31. Many election losers suspect that some winners _____________ their way to
(B) Engineering the victory line.
(C) Nursing and Engineering
(D) Nursing, Engineering, and Political Science (A) cheat
(B) will cheat
34. The difference between the enrollments in Management and in Engineering is (C) have cheated
(D) has cheated
(A) 14,280
(B) 13,160 32. The investors _____________ considerable capital when the tsunami devastated
(C) 11,760 the province.
(D) 9,800
(A) lose
35. What is the ratio of students enrolled in Management to those who are enrolled in (B) loss
Dentistry? (C) lost
(D) loose
(A) 4 : 11
(B) 11 : 4 33. The rebels believe that they are safe in the mountains where _____________ familiar
(C) 20 : 55 with the terrain.
(D) 55 : 20
(A) there
(B) their
(C) there are
(D) they are

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8 53

34. T all
the nephews and nieces in accordance with her last will and testament. Section 3. Data Interpretation

(A) to Directions: In this section, some sets of data are given. Interpret or analyze the given data to
(B) with answer the questions that refer to the data presented. Select the correct answer from the options
(C) among given.
(D) between

35. For items 31 and 32, refer to the graph below.

and we all love him.
DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES OF STOCKS OF DIFFERENT CORPORATIONS
(A) put on
(B) put off
40,000
(C) put across
(D) put up with
30,000
36. The snatcher surprised me from behind, grabbed my hand, and _____________ with
my handbag.
20,000
(A) made do
(B) made out
10,000

Number of Shares
(C) made off
(D) made away
0
37. By December next year, Mr. and Mrs. Ocampo _____________ for forty years. A B C D E
Corporation
(A) were married
(B) had been married
(C) have been married 31. The number of shares owned by A exceeds that of D by how many shares?
(D) will have been married
(A) 10,000
38. The Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption is considered the _____________ in (B) 20,000
Philippine history. (C) 25,000
(D) 37,500
(A) worse
(B) worst 32. What percent of the number of shares owned by E is the number of shares owned by B?
(C) worsest
(D) most worse (A) 42%
(B) 30%
39. _____________ Muslim laws are based on Islam, special shariah courts have been (C) 25%
created to decide on family and personal conflicts of Muslims in autonomous regions. (D) 18%

(A) Since
(B) Although
(C) When
(D) Even though

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52 9

30. A senior high school is offering four strands in the academic track: General Academic
Strand (GAS); Humanities and Social Sciences strand (HUMSS); Science, Technology, Section 3. Improving Sentences
Engineering, and Mathematics strand (STEM); and Accountancy, Business, and
Management strand (ABM). How many enrolled in the STEM strand out of 5,400 enrollees Directions: Read each sentence carefully but quickly and determine whether the underlined
in Grade 11? portion is correct or whether it needs to be revised. If the sentence needs no revision, choose
option D.
I. Thirty-two percent of the enrollees chose GAS, 25% chose ABM, and
11% chose HUMSS. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English. Pay attention to
II. The ratio of STEM enrollees to ABM enrollees is 5 : 3. grammar, choice of words, sentence construction, and punctuation. Choose among the options
which revision results in a sentence that is clear and precise.
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
is sufficient. 40. finally found shivering under the stairs of the house covered with mud and
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient. ravenously hungry.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
(A) finally found under the stairs of the house, shivering, covered with mud and
ravenously hungry.
(B) found finally shivering covered with mud and ravenously hungry under the stairs
of the house.
(C) found shivering, and covered with mud and ravenously hungry under the stairs of
the house finally.
(D) No change

41. If the government decides. To amend the Constitution. One of the changes should be the
abolition of the unnecessary and expensive party-list system.

(A) If the government decides; to amend the Constitution, one of the changes should
be the abolition of the unnecessary and expensive party-list system.
(B) If the government decides to amend the Constitution, one of the changes should be
the abolition of the unnecessary and expensive party-list system.
(C) If the government decides, to amend the Constitution, one of the changes should be
the abolition of the unnecessary and expensive party-list system.
(D) No change

42. was close that we were already crying and praying the r
disaster victims narrated.

(A) was too close that we were already crying and praying
(B) was so close than we were already crying and praying
(C) was so close that we were already crying and praying
(D) No change

43. Driving along the Imus Highway, two cows crossed in front of me.

(A) Crossing in front of me, I saw two cows, while driving along the Imus Highway.
(B) As I was driving along the Imus Highway, two cows crossed in front of me.
(C) Two cows crossed in front of me while driving along the Imus Highway.
(D) No change

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10 51

44. Most compressors operate rather simply it cranks up energy to cool your refrigerator 27. and
using the same amount of power all day long but that is not the case with ABC the rest she will set aside as emergency fund. How much did she set aside for emergencies?
Inverter Compressor.
I. Sixty percent of her winnings was invested to a financial market that offers
(A) Most compressors operate rather simply. It cranks up energy to cool your 7% annual interest rate compounded annually for 5 years.
refrigerator using the same amount of power all day long but that is not II. She used 50% of her winnings to start a buy-and-sell business.
the case with ABC Inverter Compressor.
(B) Most compressors operate rather simply. It cranks up energy to cool your (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
refrigerator using the same amount of power all day long, but that is not (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
the case with ABC ompressor. (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
(C) Most compressors operate rather simply, it cranks up energy to cool your is sufficient.
refrigerator using the same amount of power all day long but that is not (D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
the case with ABC Compressor. (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
(D) No change
28. A graduate was calculating the average increase in his daily allowance during his
45. My mother asked me why I did not take more pictures of the children playing in college years.
the park?
I.
(A)
(B) II. His parents then increased his allowance based on his General Weighted Average
(C) why I did not take more pictures of the children playing in the park. every semester.
(D) No change
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
46. Actually, flying lemurs tree. (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
(A) and glide from tree to tree is sufficient.
(B) (D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(C) just glide from tree to tree (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
(D) No change
29.
47. Driving too slowly along SLEX last Saturday. A highway patrol officer stopped rooms at a discounted rate of 20% off its original rent per day during off-peak season.
Miss Perez. How much will a tourist have to pay for a day for two rooms?

(A) Miss Perez was stopped by a highway patrol officer driving too slowly along I. The rent for three rooms with one extra bed is 2,500.
SLEX last Saturday. II. During peak season, one room is rented at
(B) Driving too slowly along SLEX last Saturday, Miss Perez was stopped by a
highway patrol officer. (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(C) Driving too slowly along SLEX last Saturday, a highway patrol officer stopped (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
Miss Perez. (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
(D) No change is sufficient.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
48. Whenever he arrives from work, Alex who lives alone in a condominium unit, heats his (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
precooked dinner.

(A) Alex, who lives alone in a condominium unit, heats his precooked dinner.
(B) Alex who lives alone in a condominium unit heats his precooked dinner.
(C) Alex, who lives alone in a condominium unit heats his precooked dinner.
(D) No change

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50 11

24. Which of the rectangular and square lots has a bigger area? 49. My mother is a woman of many talents. She plays the harp, bakes the best chocolate
cakes, and you should see her orchids and roses.
I. The perimeter of the rectangular lot is twice the perimeter of the square lot.
II. The width of the rectangular lot is equal to the length of one side of the square lot. (A)
and then there are the orchids and roses.
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient. (B) She plays the harp, bakes the best chocolate cakes, and grows orchids and roses.
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient. (C) She is playing the harp, baking the best chocolate cakes, and for growing orchids
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE and roses.
is sufficient. (D) No change
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient. 50. After Antonius Stradivarius learned to play the violin, he experimented making a violin
that had the sound of a human voice, and success was achieved.
25. How much money does Mrs. Gomez save from her salary per month?
(A) he succeed
I. Her monthly salary is just (B) he succeeded
II. She spends 50% of her salary on food. (C) he was successful
(D) No change
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
is sufficient.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

26. A publisher recently released a new science fiction novel in bookstores. How much is
the selling price of one book?

I. A markup of 125% is added to the original cost.

II.

(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
is sufficient.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

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12 49

TEST B. CRITICAL THINKING 21. How much tax will Mang

if the tax rate is 32%?
Section 1. Logical Reasoning
I.
Directions: In this section, brief conversations or short passages are given followed by one or II. of his sales.
two questions. These questions ask for the analysis and evaluation of the reasoning in the
conversation or passage. It is conceivable that all of the four choices given for each question may (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
be correct answers. The task is to select the best answer for each question. The best answer is the (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
one which does not require assumptions that are irrelevant or inconsistent with the statements. (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
is sufficient.
1. About 90% of the w (D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
developing nations of the Third World. The population growth rates in these poor (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
countries make it difficult to provide the bare necessities of housing, fuel, food, and
medical attention. Ironically, there is a relationship between poverty and fertility: 22. How old is Rosa today?
The greater the proportion of a given population living in poverty,______________.
I. Rosa is 5 years younger than her brother Joseph.
(A) the higher is the unemployment rate in the country II. In three years, Joseph will be twice as old as Rosa.
(B) the higher is the fertility rate of that country
(C) the greater is the tendency towards dissident activities (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(D) the greater is the proportion of illegal and criminal incidents (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
______________________________________________________________________________ (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
is sufficient.
Jason: really good for your lungs. (D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
Kathy: (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
have not developed emphysema.
23. How much simple interest is earned at the end of one year?
2. Which of the following responses would best strengthen and explain Jason argument?
I. Lucy deposited
(A) If you keep smoking, you may find that your cigarette consumption will keep II.
increasing in the future. 3% interest rate per annum.
(B) Smoking does not always develop emphysema.
(C) Developing emphysema is not the only reason why smoking is not good for (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
a person. (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(D) Many persons who smoke as much as Kathy does develop emphysema. (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
______________________________________________________________________________ is sufficient.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
For items 3 and 4, refer to the following passage. (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

that corporal punishment was the norm of the day. Spanking, kneeling on mongo seeds, or
standing under the heat of the sun were some measures taken to ensure that the child would
grow upright. This behaviorist assumption was the norm of the day until research has exposed
the negative psychological effects of such kinds of corrective behavior. Current national and
international laws ban the said practices and now prescribe an alternative, which is popularly
known as positive discipline. In this style of discipline, children are made to realize
the consequences of their wrongdoing. Counselling and withdrawing of privileges have now
replaced the ire of the beating stick.

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48 13

18. How much does a pharmaceutical sales representative earn in a year? 3. Which of the following assumptions can be safely assumed as true?

I. including bonuses. (A) Children born at the time of the writing of the article are mostly undisciplined.
II. th (B) There were no forms of corporal punishment employed from twenty years ago until
commissions per month. the time of the article s writing.
(C) Those who were born twenty years and prior to that have experienced some form
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient. of corporal punishment.
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient. (D) Most of those who have undergone corporal punishment exhibit psychological
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE disorders.
is sufficient.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient. 4. Which of the definitions below may be said to be straying from the ideas communicated
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient. in the passage?

19. (A) Positive discipline is any form of discipline that yields positive results on a
selling
100 bouquets? (B) Behaviourists believe that good deeds are to be rewarded while bad deeds are to
be punished.
I. (C) Corporal punishment is a form of discipline that involves physically hurting a child
II. to correct behaviour.
(D) A maxim is a popular saying which also serves as a guiding principle.
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient. ______________________________________________________________________________
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE Since all the floors in the building I have inspected have marble tiles, it follows that
is sufficient. the other floors which I have not seen will also have marble tiles.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient. 5. Which of the following have a parallel reasoning to the statement above?

20. Which of the two fast-food chains in the university belt is more popular among (A) Every town I have visited has a church facing a plaza; so a community with a
the students of University M? The total population of students in the university is church facing a plaza must be a town.
approximately 45,000. (B) Some newspapers are not selling very well; therefore, tabloids are not selling
very well.
I. The proportion of students that frequents Fast Food A is of the total (C) Since the car dealer does not buy cars older than five years old, his new purchase
student population. will probably be no older than five years old.
II. An average of 6,500 students goes to Fast Food B per day. (D) Since all of the children I know fear monkeys, there must be something in the
monkeys that scare children.
(A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient. ______________________________________________________________________________
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE 6. If a boy grew up in Manila, then he is street smart. This statement can be deduced
is sufficient. logically from which of the following statements?
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient. (A) Every street smart boy grew up in Manila or another city.
(B) The boy in the statement is either street smart or appears remarkably to be
street smart.
(C) There is no boy who grew up in Manila who is not street smart.
(D) The majority of boys who grew up in Manila are street smart.

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14 47

7. Food production in the Third World nations is more adversely affected by natural 15. 126 138 134 144 136 144 132
disasters, like floods and droughts, than it is in more affluent nations because affluent
nations are likely to have _________________. (A) 140 (D) 119
(B) 139 (E) 118
(A) modern instruments for accurate forecasting of weather (C) 138
(B) adequate flood control, irrigation systems, and storage facilities
(C) enough agricultural scientists and technologists in food research and production
(D) the necessary aircraft, pilots, chemicals, and equipment for undertaking cloud Section 2. Data Sufficiency
seeding to induce rain
Directions: The data sufficiency problem consists of a question and two statements,
8. Doctors and nurses are, for the most part, totally committed to saving lives. A life lost labeled (I) and (II), in which certain data are given. Decide whether the data given in the statements
is, for them, almost a personal failure, an insult to their skills and knowledge. are sufficient for answering the question. Using the data given in the statements, plus knowledge
Euthanasia as a practice might well alter this. It could have a corrupting influence, so of mathematics and everyday facts (such as the number of days in July or the meaning of the word
that in severe cases, doctors and nurses might not try hard enough to save the patient. counterclockwise), determine whether:
Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient to answer the
necessary to make that come about. This attitude could then carry over to their dealings question asked.
with patients less seriously ill. This would probably result to ___________________. Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient to answer the
question asked.
(A) loss of confidence in the medical profession BOTH statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question asked,
(B) numerous cases filed against doctors and nurses but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question asked.
(C) an overall decline in the quality of medical care EACH statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question asked.
(D) a public outcry against euthanasia Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient to answer the question asked, and
______________________________________________________________________________ additional data specific to the problem are needed.

For items 9 and 10, refer to the following situation.

16. What is the largest number among the three numbers A, B, and C?
A conversation between parents of schoolchildren:
I. A B 3 and B C 5
Sam: Have you heard the news? The Principal told me they are raising school fees next year. II. 2A 3C 11 and A, B, and C can be negative or positive numbers.
Pat:
Sam: (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
Pat: ds continue to inflate? Do they want (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
us to suffer? is sufficient.
Sam: (D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
I was thinking of writing a letter asking for incremental increases. (E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
Pat: I am not sure about that, though. You see, I got to talk to one of the teachers. His salary
17. In how many minutes can Raj wash the car?

9. Which of the following is the main cause of tension in the conversation above? I. Raj and Russell together can wash the car in 30 minutes.
II. Russell alone can finish washing the car in 1 hour.
(A) The teachers demand higher salaries in exchange for better teaching practices.
(B) The impending increase in tuition fees creates anxiety among the parents. (A) Statement (I) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
(C) Parents feel that the school is indifferent to their needs. (B) Statement (II) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
(D) The expertise of school employees is being questioned. (C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE
is sufficient.
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
(E) Statements (I) and (II) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

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46 15

7. 54 162 62 186 86 10. Which of the following arguments is the LEAST relevant to the issue discussed in
the dialogue?
(A) 89 (D) 248
(B) 172 (E) 258 (A) The increase in school fees is justified by the establishment of a new laboratory.
(C) 264 (B) An increase in school fees should translate to better salaries for teachers and staff.
(C) School fees should not increase because parents are burdened by inflation.
8. 69 72 24 27 9 12 (D)
______________________________________________________________________________
(A) 3 (D) 8
(B) 4 (E) 15 Rizza: All the graduates from School A go to College Z.
(C) 6 Gary: College Z come from School B.

9. 16 8 24 16 48 40 11. _______.

(A) 20 (D) 120 (A) School A is better than School B

(B) 32 (E) 160 (B) most of the students from School A attend College Z
(C) 80 (C) some School B graduates do not attend college
(D) only students from School A attend College Z
10. 25 15 15 6 12 4 12 ______________________________________________________________________________

(A) 8 (D) 48 The demand that the death penalty be proven more deterrent than alternatives cannot be
(B) 6 (E) 3 satisfied any more than the demand that six years in prison be proven to be more deterrent than
(C) 5 three. But the uncertainty which confronts us favors the death penalty as long as, by imposing
it, we might save future victims of heinous crimes.
11. 10 12 17 20 24 28
12. Which of the following is the main point of the passage?
(A) 33 (D) 30
(B) 32 (E) 29 (A) Imposing the death penalty as punishment has been instrumental in the reduction
(C) 31 of heinous crimes.
(B) It is difficult to prove whether or not the death penalty is a better deterrent to
12. 3 8 18 23 32 37 45 heinous crimes than other modes of penalty.
(C) It has been satisfactorily proven that imposition of the death penalty is a better
(A) 48 (D) 49 deterrent to heinous crimes than imprisonment.
(B) 50 (E) 51 (D) There is no alternative to capital punishment as a deterrent to heinous crimes.
(C) 52 ______________________________________________________________________________

13. 81 9 64 8 49 7 36 For items 13 and 14, refer to the following speech.

(A) 25 (D) 5 My dear graduates, I implore you at this moment to use your talents and skills in
(B) 16 (E) 4 improving our motherland. I beg of you: if you really do love this country, then you will not
(C) 6 work o
feed in our borders? Take a look at Cuba. For years, her doors were closed from the outside
14. 107 102 93 86 79 70 65 world, and yet, she is able to provide free medical services to her citizens. If Cuba made it,
then so can we.
(A) 62 (D) 55
(B) 59 (E) 54 I am sure that if you use your creativity and passion in our country, things will surely get
(C) 58 better. Whether you admit it or not, working elsewhere equals abandonment of the land that
fed you for the longest time.

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16 45

13. Which of the following statements accurately depicts the bias of the graduation speaker?
TEST D. QUANTITATIVE REASONING
(A)
(B) Section 1. Pattern Recognition
improve.
(C) Leaving the country is fine as long as one returns to render service or goods. Directions: In this test, the stem consists of a series of numbers. In each series, discover the
(D) Love for country cannot be expressed if one goes abroad to work. logical rule. Select from the five choices the number that should come next in the series.

14. Which of the statements below depicts a logical flaw in the speech?
1. 61 54 47 41 34 29 22
(A)
The ones who are graduating possess talents and skills.
(B)
Those who leave the country to work are not patriotic. (A) 15 (D) 18
(C)
Cuba has successfully made available medical services to her citizens. (B) 16 (E) 20
(D)
There are several poor people in the country where the speaker and (C) 17
graduates belong.
______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 16 32 8 48 6 60 5

Most philosophers agree that punishment, in general, is a morally justified social practice. (A) 50 (D) 70
However uneasy we might feel about inflicting harm on another person, it is hard to visualize (B) 55 (E) 75
a _____________ managing to survive without an established legal system of punishment. (C) 80
On the other hand, dissenters argue that it is possible to structure society in ways that would
not necessitate commitment to a legal system of punishment. For example, might it not be that 3. 1 2 4 7 28 33 198
undesirable social behavior could be adequately kept in check by therapeutic treatment rather
than by traditional kinds of punishment such as imprisonment or the death penalty? Such a (A) 1,386 (D) 1,188
system would certainly have the advantage of being more humane. (B) 206 (E) 191
(C) 205
15. Which of the following best fits in the blank?
4. 5 30 25 5 35 30 6
(A) despotic government
(B) multiracial population (A) 48 (D) 36
(C) developing country (B) 1 (E) 25
(D) complex society (C) 54
______________________________________________________________________________
5. 18 20 10 8 10 5
If you believe that all people are basically good and have potential, you can be led down
a lot of paths to the organizational abyss. You assume that a better environment, more (A) 3 (D) 10
empowerment, and juicier assignments will do the trick. These are wonderful concepts, but if (B) 7 (E) 15
the person and the job are mismatched, you are destined for disappointment. (C) 0

16. Which of the following would be the best completion of the passage above? 6. 88 102 99 111 105 115

(A) No one can be successful unless that person is reasonably matched with what (A) 123 (D) 124
he or she is expected to do. (B) 106 (E) 103
(B) A person (C) 104
that person and the job.
(C) Lack of interest is the best indication of a mismatch between a person and his
or her job.
(D) Bias in promotion is a very sensitive indicator of mismatches between employees
and their jobs.

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44 17

46. The article as a whole explores the For items 17 and 18, refer to the following passage.

(A) flaws of setting up a password

(B) ways to create a password seem to convulse at the idea of going through a book until its end. Wh
(C) possession of an account years of teaching English, it seems students get more and more repulsed to the idea of reading
(D) hacking of an account as time goes on.

47. The last paragraph is an example of a(an)

be imaginative to pass time
(A) instruction I have always marvelled at how words in a page can take me to places, even worlds I had never
(B) suggestion fancied in my wildest dreams. Too bad many kids nowadays are hooked into digital devices
(C) command that can show them everything in one click. Yup, no more time to read.
(D) demand
17. Based on the passage above, which of the following assumptions may be considered as
48. Which of the following statements is most likely NOT true? absolutely true?

I. Account holders intentionally leave clues upon password set up. (A)
II. Hackers only . (B) All kids born recently have no natural propensity to read.
III. Everyone can be a hacking victim. (C) Modern-day devices prevent kids from reading.
IV. Identity theft is possible when the account is hacked. (D) English has been taught as a staple school subject.

(A) I and II only 18. assumption?

(B) I and III only
(C) II and III only (A)
(D) II and IV only (B) Modern-
(C)
49. Which quote can be directly associated with the article? (D) Reading habits are difficult to establish once a child reaches adolescence.
______________________________________________________________________________
(A)
(B) 19. Judging from the content of the statement and the authoritativeness of the speaker,
(C) which of the following is the most reasonable and trustworthy?
(D)
(A)
50. Based on the article, account holders should industry, because a strong peso makes the Philippines an attractive destination for
international investors.
(A) answer reminder questions discreetly (B) Policeman: Sex education is the best means of addressing sexual ignorance and
(B) deactivate their accounts every two weeks will greatly help minimize, if not totally eradicate, sex offenses, such as child
(C) abolish reminder questions molestation, rape, and incest.
(D) skip reminder questions (C) Sociologist: Religion cuts across all segments of society. True believers and those
merely superstitious seek sanctuary in it. The masses and the powerful, similarly
fearful of external damnation, commingle in this fraternity.
(D) Lawyer: One of the most serious signs of the increase in moral corruption is
the boundless exaltation of sex. Sex has even invaded the field of education with
the help of mass media.

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18 43

20. Only Golden Harvest Beer has a biting effervescent taste that gives you that all-night
relaxed feeling. If this advertising claim is true, which of the following propositions
CANNOT be true?
Some experts recommend answering the question with a non
I. Maharlika Beer is a more popular beer than Golden Harvest Beer. maiden name? Platypus). But even a random, one-word answer is vulnerable to a brute-force
II. Sultana Beer gives you that all-night relaxed feeling. hacking attack designed to rapidly guess every combination of letters and numbers in sequence.
III. Golden Harvest Cola has that biting effervescent taste of the Golden
Harvest Beer. No matter which security question you go with, your best bet is to treat it like
another password a long string of letters, numbers, and special characters that could not be
(A) I and II only guessed or divined from a cursory glance at Facebook. Use a full phrase instead of a single word
(B) I and III only (maybe even one that inspires you to be a better person every time you type it). Need an example?
(C) II and III only , ng answer would be
(D) I, II, and III
______________________________________________________________________________
Make sure you use a unique answer for every account that requires a reminder question,
For items 21 and 22, refer to the following speech. and log them in a password manager alongside your other passwords. Of course, this is all moot
for the estimated 17% of Am
A privileged speech by a lawmaker against the distribution of contraceptives in schools:
answer).
Greetings, fellow citizens! Today, I stand before you to express my disapproval of the
proposed distribution of contraceptives in schools to prevent teenage pregnancy. First of all,
schools are built not just to train our kids in academics but also to instil positive values among To Hack by Brandon Specktor
http://www.rd.com/advice/work-career/password-recovery-questions/
the youth. Hence, distributing contraceptives is tantamount to suggesting to our young ones
that promiscuity is permissible. Furthermore, these kids are sent to school by their parents who
43. In the first two paragraphs, the writer implied that
dream of giving them the best life possib
They sent their kids to school to study and not to engage in immoral acts.
(A) what we thought to be private is actually public
(B) what a public figure does excites hackers
21. What form of argumentation did the lawmaker use in his speech?
(C) the answer to the security question is weak
(D) the hacker is a genius
(A) Post hoc Two things happening one after another, and it is assumed that these
two are connected.
44. The purpose of the writer is to
(B) Straw man Refuting an argument by raising an irrelevant issue.
(C) Sweeping generalization Coming up with a conclusion based on a limited
(A) entertain
number of examples.
(B) persuade
(D) Ad hominem Attacking the person who proposed the argument instead of the
(C) analyze
argument itself.
(D) inform
22. Which of the following statements is most logically sound?
45. Which of the following is most likely the reason why security industry professionals
would like to abolish the password reminder question?
(A) Schools are built not just for academics but also to nurture values.
(B) Distributing contraceptives promote sexual promiscuity.
(A) Answers are easily decoded.
(C) The government becomes insensitive to parents when contraceptives
(B) Answers are identical to others.
are distributed.
(C) Answers are difficult to construct.
(D) Parents will get angry if contraceptives are distributed in schools.
(D) Answers are most of the time forgotten.

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42 19

40. Which of the following is an important consideration when speaking as implied in the Civilian: All policemen are corrupt.
passage? Policeman: That is not true. I know some civilians who are corrupt, too.

(A) Audience 23.

(B) Authority mean that
(C) Fluency
(D) Context (A) some policemen are corrupt
(B) civilians are more corrupt than policemen
41. Which of the following words can be used synonymously with the intended meaning of the (C) policemen are more corrupt than civilians
writer in paragraph 7? (D) only policemen are corrupt
______________________________________________________________________________
(A) Retract
(B) Restate One way to determine whether or not a social practice is morally correct is to see if it is
(C) Rectify either permitted or required by the principle of equality. To say that a social practice is
(D) Rephrase permitted is to say that its institution will not violate the moral principle. To say that it is
required is to say that we must institute such a practice if we are to act in a morally correct
42. The essay as a whole is true to way. According to that principle, equals must be treated as equals, while unequals must be
treated unequally, in proportion to their differences.
(A) celebrities
(B) heads of states 24. The author of this passage would most likely agree that ________________________.
(C) church officials
(D) people from all walks of life (A) race is relevant in the hiring of teachers in a predominantly Chinese
______________________________________________________________________________ exclusive school
(B) women cannot be as good as or better than men in politics or diplomacy
Selection 10 (C) it is in the best interest of society that social institutions be nonegalitarian
in order to avoid direct competition between men and women
When a hacker claimed to have breached Mitt (D) young children cannot be given the same rights and responsibilities as adults
-leeching virus or by launching a brute-force ______________________________________________________________________________
password cracking attack
The area of values education has been fraught with confusion and difficulty. Not long
answer to his password ago, some educators insisted on values-free education and prided themselves on dealing only
with facts, and not values, which they contended were the province of the _____________.
public in a news story several days earlier, and the doggo-in-question was the subject of an The very act of teaching, however, presupposes its own set of values, including for example,
unfortunate media scandal for having been strapped to the roof of the family car during a 1983 achievement, nurturance, and the value of education itself. To the extent that the teacher
road trip, the alleged hacker had everything he needed to exploit a notoriously weak gateway to interacts with students, these values are being modeled.
password security: the password recovery question.
25. Which of the following best fits in the blank?
While setting a password reminder question is a fine idea in theory (so many passwords,
so little mental space!), it has probably encouraged you to make your password overly vulnerable. (A) students themselves
The simple truth is that in our age of social media over-sharing, it is far too easy to suss out (B) church and home
(C) parents only
(D) parish priest
dossier of clues for would-be hackers to peruse at will. Many security industry professionals wish
the password reminder question would be outright abolished from account setup, but until that day
comes, what can you do to work with the system and keep yourself secure?

For one thing, pick a harder question. A Microsoft and Carnegie Mellon study found that

remember, hard to guess, and unlikely to be public knowledge on the Internet. (Other safe-ish

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20 41

Section 2. Analytical Reasoning for widely differing interpretations. Fortunately, the rules of diplomacy give parties enough leeway
to offer or demand clarifications of controversial statements precisely because words have
Directions: In this section, some sets of conditions or propositions are given. Each set is contexts and consequences. Parties at the receiving end of strong statements often want to know if
followed by questions based on the conditions or propositions. Drawing a diagram to visually there is a hidden message behind these utterances.
establish linkages or relationships stated in the conditions may help in answering some of the
questions. Select the best answer to each question from the choices given. An
http://opinion.inquirer.net/97234/speech-and-the-written-word#ixzz4azunO3IX

For items 26 to 29, refer to the following conditions. 35. Which of the following is highlighted by the writer in his essay?

I. Mr. Cruz bought a small printing business of his friend who was migrating to Canada. (A) The importance of diplomacy
He needed to familiarize himself with the business, so he decided to start on a small scale (B) The importance of prepared speeches
and hire a team of only four, all of whom are former employees of his friend. He needed (C) The mandated power of the president
at least two to operate the printing press machine, with the other two as binder (D) The difference between oral speech and written word
and collator.
II. The applicants for operator are Simon, Josh, and Mike. The applicants for binder and 36. What writing style did the writer use to develop his essay?
collator are Eric, Charlie, Fred, and Harry.
III. During a talk with his friend, Mr. Cruz found out that Fred and Harry do not work well (A) Deductive
together, Josh dislikes Eric, and Simon has a long-standing feud with Fred. He must (B) Inductive
therefore choose the right combination of four people to avoid future frictions. (C) Inductive-deductive
(D) Deductive-inductive
26. If Harry is chosen, which of the following combinations CANNOT be chosen to form
the team? 37. In the first three paragraphs, the writer implies the importance of

(A) Simon, Josh, and Charlie (A) sincerity

(B) Simon, Mike, and Eric (B) bluntness
(C) Simon, Mike, and Charlie (C) tactfulness
(D) Josh, Mike, and Eric (D) cunningness

27. If Fred is chosen, who among the following groups of applicants should be employed as 38. According to the author, communication, whether written or spoken,
the three other members of the team?
(A) should be carefully crafted
(A) Josh, Mike, and Charlie (B) can be misunderstood
(B) Mike, Eric, and Charlie (C) should be rehearsed
(C) Harry, Mike, and Eric (D) can spread quickly
(D) Simon, Josh, and Charlie
39. What is the attitude of the writer towards extemporaneous speech of dignitaries?
28. If Josh is hired and Mike is not, which of the following statements must be true?
(A) Indifference
I. Harry will be a member of the team. (B) Reluctance
II. Charlie will be a member of the team. (C) Tolerance
(D) Passivity
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) Both I and II
(D) Neither I nor II

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40 21

Selection 9 29. If Eric is chosen as a binder, which of the following could be the other three members
of the team?
(1) In everyday life, we tend to assign less weight to oral speech than to the written word.
I. Simon, Mike, and Charlie
II. Simon, Mike, and Fred
scholar Roland Barthes, in his classic essa III. Simon, Mike, and Harry

(A) I and II only

(B) I and III only
(2) Nowhere, perhaps, is this insight truer than in international gatherings of heads of state (C) II and III only
or foreign ministers, where diplomatic language is the norm. Participants studiously avoid giving (D) I, II, and III
off-the-cuff remarks in order not to be misinterpreted. Most speak from detailed notes or simply ______________________________________________________________________________
read a prepared speech. At the end of such meetings, a carefully crafted communiqué is typically
agreed upon and issued to make sure there is no room for misunderstanding. For items 30 to 33, refer to the following conditions.

(3) In such gatherings, words do matter. Utmost cordiality is observed even among I. There are four newly born babies in the nursery, three girls and one boy, all children of
representatives of rival nations. That is why presidents, prime ministers, and monarchs bring with different diplomatic personnel working in the Philippine embassies of Brazil, Italy,
them a staff of seasoned diplomats and writers who prepare the ground for their principals long Singapore, and Vietnam. The cribs are arranged alphabetically in a row according to
before the latter actually meet. A strong opinion loosely uttered by one head of state in the presence nationality for easy identification by visiting relations and friends who may view the
of another could be taken as a slight. The consequences that follow could be costly, and unfortunate babies from behind the glass panel of the nursery room.
because unintended. II. The babies have various weights of 6 lb, lb, 7 lb, and lb, not necessarily in that
(4) order. The third baby is a boy and is the heaviest, while only the Singaporean baby is
of a clear and coherent foreign policy. It is quite another to allow oneself, especially on the exceeded in weight by the Vietnamese baby.

consciousness, with unfinished utterances, half-formed thoughts, and a healthy smattering of 30. Vietnamese who had lifted his son and was pointing from
behind the glass panel at a baby in the _____________ crib.

and power, as well as its inherent risks. This is particularly so if one happens to be a head of state. (A) first
(B) second
(5) Under our system of government, the President is vested with the power to determine (C) third
foreign policy and to conduct foreign relations with other states. He alone can negotiate treaties on (D) fourth
behalf of the country, although, under the 1987 Constitution, such treaties are subject to ratification
by the Senate. A 1988 Supreme Court ruling denying media access to minutes taken at a treaty 31. Based on the given information, it can be declared that the baby boy is
has the power to speak a(an) _____________.
or listen as a representative of the Nation. Congress itself is powerless to invade it. The President
is the sole organ of the Nation in its external relations, and its sole representative with foreign (A) Italian
(B) Brazilian
(C) Vietnamese
(6) This responsibility makes it imperative for any president to always speak with caution. (D) Singaporean
Whether it is to communicate a substantive shift in foreign policy, or it is simply to reiterate time-
honored principles in foreign relations such as sovereign equality and noninterference it is 32. Of the four newly born babies, the lightest in weight is the _____________.
important for any administration to clearly state if it is veering toward a radical rethinking of the
(A) Vietnamese
(B) Singaporean
(7) The President cannot say one thing and then, immediately after, his staff scrambles to (C) Italian
(D) Brazilian
an era where speeches are instantly recorded, transcribed, and retrieved, there is hardly any room

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22 39

33. Which of the following statements is true? An interesting aspect of the population issue was brought out by Dr. Mercedes B.
Concepcion, who was then Director of the Population Institute of the University of the Philippines.
(A) The Brazilian and Singaporean babies together weigh heavier than the Italian and She reported that almost fifty percent of the Filipinos were below fifteen years of age. Mr. Alfredo
Vietnamese babies. R. Roces, columnist of the Manila Times, predicted that the vast majority of our society would, in
(B) The Singaporean and Vietnamese babies together weigh heavier than the the near future, be comprised of teenagers. In connection with this, one aspect that needed close
Brazilian and Italian babies. study, according to Dr. Concepcion, was the ominous repercussion which may upset our
(C) The Singaporean and Italian babies together weigh the same as the Brazilian and established economic structure because of a very young population. Also noted by her was that the
Vietnamese babies. rapid growth of the population here had brought about a heavy dependency rate among Filipinos.
(D) The Vietnamese and Italian babies together weigh the same as the Singaporean She stated that there were about eighty-nine child dependents for every one hundred workers in
and Brazilian babies. this country. Furthermore, a revelation of former Supreme Court Chief Justice Roberto
______________________________________________________________________________ Concepcion revealed -
-to-
For items 34 to 36, refer to the following conditions.
Among the myriads of solutions to the population problems that have cropped up was one
Employees in a bus company: that advocated the acceleration of the growth of the economy to 10.5 percent every year which
meant that our economic production should be increased three times the growth of our population;
I. All mechanics are also drivers. that we should practice austerity of consumption and austerity of imports. Another solution being
II. Half of the drivers are mechanics. advocated was that the affluent section of our society should cut their standard of living in half and
III. Some drivers and ticket inspectors started out as conductors. use that money to improve and grow more food. Another solution, which was perhaps being
IV. Drivers cannot be ticket inspectors, but mechanics can. considered, was the exportation of humans to the moon. One solution which was causing a
V. Conductors cannot become mechanics. confusing debacle of minds was concerning the use of the pill.
VI. Some conductors and ticket inspectors do not know how to drive.
32. Dr. Paul Erlich believed that population explosion would
34. Which position can be accessed by anyone in the company?
(A) bring about hunger throughout the world
(A) Driver (B)
(B) Mechanic (C)
(C) Conductor (D) bring about stability and bridge the gap between the rich and the poor
(D) Ticket inspector
33. According to the selection, Dr. Mercedes B. Concepcion feared that the
35. Which position is the most flexible?
(A) Filipinos might become too dependent on other countries
(A) Driver (B) young people might establish an economy based on socialism
(B) Mechanic (C) influence of a young population might upset our economic structure
(C) Conductor (D) young population might control the economic reins of the government
(D) Ticket inspector
34. Accor
36. Which position CANNOT be acquired at entry level? years would be

(A) Driver (A) 1.6 billion

(B) Mechanic (B) 3.3 billion
(C) Conductor (C) 3.5 billion
(D) Ticket inspector (D) 6.6 billion

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38 23

27. What experience made the For items 37 to 39, refer to the following conditions.

(A) Rolling logs on the river with her father I. Mr. newly constructed three-story commercial-residential building along Amorsolo
(B) The fear of being orphaned by her mother St. in Makati consists of nine equal units. He has allotted the three units on the ground
(C) Inheriting their great- floor for his hardware and electrical supply business, while he and his wife plan to occupy
(D) The warmth of sunlight streaming through the glass window the middlemost unit on the second floor as their residence.
II. The couple gifted their newly married son with the rightmost unit on the third floor.
28. Besides making their shoes, They also executed a contract with a group of dentists for a two-year lease on two
adjacent units on one floor to be converted into a dental clinic.
(A) He helped in clearing the land. III. They preferred to rent the remaining two units to families with no more than two
(B) He brought supplies for the family. children each.
(C) He entertained the children with his tricks.
(D) He brought news from the outside world. To answer questions 37 and 38, refer to the following units in the building:

29. What does the statem mean? w

x The leftmost unit on the third floor
(A) He was a giver of gifts. y
(B) He was a loyal subject of the king. z
(C) He received the best treatment from the people.
(D) He was known to everybody in the community. 37. Which two units CANNOT be rented to families?

30. How many siblings did Mary have? (A) w and x

(B) w and y
(A) Seven (C) x and z
(B) Eight (D) x and y
(C) Nine
(D) Ten 38. Which unit is diagonally adjacent to

31. What triggered the bitter argument between husband and wife? (A) w
(B) x
(A) - (C) y
(B) (D) z
(C) The realization that the children did not have table manners
(D) ble manners 39. If the couple decides NOT to occupy the middlemost unit but have it rented also, from
______________________________________________________________________________

Selection 8 (A) Only one

(B) Two
experts predicted that the world population of three and one-third billion (C) Three
would double in the next thirty years. According to Dr. Paul Erlich, a scientist at Stanford (D) At most four

In the Philippines, 3,295 babies were being added to our population every day, that is, two
babies were being born every one-half minute, reported Dr. Juan Salcedo Jr., who was then
Chairman of
of 3.5 percent was considered to be one of the highest in the world.

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24 37

For items 40 to 43, refer to the following conditions. After a long, long wait, one day a trunk and two packing cases came. It was a solemn
moment when the first box was opened. Then mother gave a cry of delight. Sheets and bedspreads
Four premed graduates, Steve, Anne, Victor, and Elaine, each obtained different passing edged with lace! Real linen pillowcases with crocheted edgings. Soft woolen blankets and bright
scores, 83, 86, 90, and 95, not necessarily in that order, in the national admission test handmade quilts. Two heavy, lustrous tablecloths and two dozen napkins, one white set hemmed,
for medical schools. and one red-and-white, bordered with a soft fringe.

I. Steve and Victor obtained lower scores than Anne. What the world calls wealth has come to me in years. Nothing ever equaled in my eyes the
II. Victor did not get 90. priceless value of Great-Aunt
III. Steve obtained 90.
IV. Elaine did not get 95. I was in a seventh heaven of delight. My father picked up the books and began to read,
paying no attention to our exclamations over dresses and ribbons, the boxful of laces, or the little
40. If Elaine obtained the lowest score among the four, then Victor must have obtained shell-covered case holding a few ornaments in gold and silver and jet. Then I picked up a napkin.

(A) 95
(B) 90
(C) 86 My father slammed his book shut. I had never seen such a look on his face.
(D) 83

41. Which of the following is an accurate list of the scores that Victor could have obtained?
I told him that I was going on fifteen.
(A) 95, 86
(B) 90, 86
(C) 90, 83
(D) 86, 83 how could I?

42. If Victor obtained the score of 83, then Elaine obtained _________. Father began to talk, his words growing more and more bitter. Mother defended herself
hotly. Today, I know that justice was on her side. But in that first adolescent self-consciousness,
(A) 95 my sympathies were all with father.
(B) 90
(C) 86 Mother had neglected us she had not taught us to use table napkins! People in history
(D) 83 used them.

43. If the scores that Victor and Anne obtained were interchanged, which of the original From that time on, we used napkins and a tablecloth on Sundays.
statements would NO longer be true?
The Log- by Marie Mattingly Meloney
(A) Statement I
(B) Statement II 25. What was the proof that Mary was a healthy ten-year old?
(C) Statement III
(D) Statement IV (A) She learned to hunt for food.
(B) She never got sick in spite of the hardships.
(C) She helped her father cut the logs for their cabin.
(D) She ran the household when her mother was sick.

26. Who is telling the story?

(A) The father

(B) The mother
(C) The shoemaker
(D) The eldest daughter

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Selection 7 For items 44 to 47, refer to the following conditions.

I was born in a log cabin on a winter. The first thing I remember is being grateful for
windows. I was three years old. My mother had set me to play on a mattress carefully placed in mother and the eldest among the Cruz siblings, is planning to invite her entire family as well
the one ray of sunlight streaming through the one glass window of our log cabin. Baby as I was, I as that of the groom in this exclusive occasion.
had ached in the agonizing cold of a pioneer winter. Lying there, warmed by that blessed sunshine,
I was suddenly aware of wonder and joy and gratitude. It was gratitude for glass, which could keep
out the biting cold and let in the warm sun... Aside from Melissa, this couple has three other children: Michael, Michelle, and Manny.
The youngest, Manny, went on to become a Catholic priest and will officiate the wedding
My father came from a family of school teachers in New England. My mother was the celebration. Michael and Michelle are both married, with Michael having three children,
and Michelle having two
was more practical... unfortunately, died in a car
accident. Michelle is still living with her husband. Melissa only has one child; her husband
The year before my birth, these two young people had started West in a prairie schooner to died of heart attack just a few weeks after she has given birth.
stake a homestead claim...
On the other hand, Joe is already orphaned by his mother. His father is still alive and no
longer remarried. Joe has two siblings, Jennifer and Jack. Jennifer is happily married with two
principally on my young shoulders. One day I found her crying. children who are still in primary school, while Jack is currently detained in the city jail for a
heinous crime.

44. How many will be attending the Reyes-Cruz nuptial including the primary participants
(bride, groom, and priest)?
I was ten years old.
(A) 18
That night and many other nights I lay awake, trembling at the possibility of being left the (B) 19
only woman within eighteen miles. (C) 20
(D) 21
But mother did not die. I must have been a sturdy child, for, with the little help father and
his homestead partner could spare, I kept that home going until she was strong again... 45. How are Jennifer and Melissa related?

Every fall, the shoemaker made his rounds through the country, reaching our place last, for (A) Cousins
beyond us lay only untamed forest and wild beasts. His visit thrilled us more than the arrival of (B) Siblings
any king today. We had been cut off from the world for months. The shoemaker brought news (C) Sisters-in-law
from neighbors eighteen, forty, sixty, even a hundred and fifty miles away. Usually he brought a (D) Aunt and niece
few newspapers too, treasured afterward for months. He remained a royal guest, for many days,
until all the family was shod... 46. How is Fely related to Rachel?

By the time I was fourteen, three tremendous events had marked my life: sunlight through (A) She is her aunt.
a windowpane, the log-rolling on the river when father added two rooms to our cabin, and the night (B) She is her cousin.
I thought mother would die and leave me the only woman within eighteen miles... (C) She is her mother.
(D) She is her grandmother.
But there was a fourth event that was the most tremendous. One night father handed my
mother a letter. Our Great-Aunt Martha had willed father her household goods and personal 47. Which of following statements is INCORRECT?
belongings and a modest sum that to us was a fortune. So
-Aunt (A) All of the Cruz siblings have children.
(B) The occasion is a religious celebration.
(C) Rachel is not the first to be married among the Cruzes.
(D) There are some family members who could not make it to the wedding.

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26 35

For items 48 to 50, refer to the following conditions. Selection 6

Traveling to us from the burning heart of the sun 93 million miles away, light not only
their language: illuminates our little planet but creates on its thin surface the essentials of life itself. No wonder
men from ancient times, awed by its glorious light, worshiped the sun for centuries. Its worship
I. Kaka me ga shing sprang from true intuition since in the light that comes from this nuclear ball of fire the secret of
II. Hame ne gu shing life on this planet does, in fact, dwell. All life is the offspring of the sun, for the light pouring from
III. They introduce themselves by saying Me ga shang Krakov. it is a wonderful chemist. Leaves are chemical factories in which sunlight and water are turned
IV. When pointing at their home planet, they say Hame na ra kong. into food and from which life-giving oxygen is poured into the air for man to breathe.
V. Memu me ga shing
Light moves to us through the atmosphere in waves of different lengths, each carrying its
48. What is the most likely meaning of the word Hame? own color. The eyes see only a small segment of this great range of wavelengths none shorter
than violet, none longer than red. Light falls from the sky like the petals of flowers; every drop of
(A) You dew is a glory in miniature and we who live by the blessing of this distant star can learn to rejoice
(B) Live in it.
(C) Name
(D) Father Anyone can see how white breaks into color by holding a refracting prism in a narrow
beam of sunlight in a darkened room and projecting the result onto a white screen. There you will
49. How do the inhabitants of Planet X ? discover the band of colors that we call the solar spectrum. Similarly, rainbows are caused by the
refraction and reflection of sunlight from the raindrops of a vanishing storm. Today we know more
(A) Kaka me Sam. about light than our ancestors did. Our scientists know enough to use the secrets of the sun as a
(B) Sam me ga shing. stepping-stone to the stars or as the end of life on earth.
(C) Me ga shang Sam.
(D) Memu me ga shing Sam. 22. The sun emits life-giving light which travels through space in

50. In the grammar of Planet X, how does the word shing function? (A) equal wavelengths
(B) evenly colored waves
(A) It states a name. (C) spurts like gusts of wind
(B) It points to a location. (D) various wavelengths and colors
(C) It indicates a question.
(D) It connects words into a sentence. 23. The author seems to consider the sun as a source of

(A) natural calamities like drought

(B) energy and beauty that man can enjoy
(C) threat to life because of its nuclear power
(D) nuclear power that is being wasted in space

24. As a whole, the purpose of the selection is to

(A)
(B) praise the beauty of the sun and its importance to life
(C) state the possibilities of the tremendous power of the sun
(D) discuss the efforts of man to discover the secrets of the sun

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34 27

The only real solution appears to be the handing over of the night shift to a corps of
permanent night workers whose nocturnal wakefulness may persist through all weekends and TEST C. VERBAL REASONING
holidays. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night shift workers was carried
out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep, digestive disorder, and Directions: This section contains reading selections that are followed by a set of items. Answer
domestic disruption among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence the items according to what is stated or implied in the selection.
of these symptoms among those on permanent night work.
Selection 1
This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile, something
may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who (1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble, great care was taken to
can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted
who told her, in broken sentences; veiled hints that revealed in half concealing.
body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness. People engaged friend Richards was there, too, near her. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when
in normal daytime work will have high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one
at night. When they change to night work, the pattern will only gradually reverse to match the new
routine and the speed with which it does parallels the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly
in terms of performance and general alertness. Knowledge of how quickly a person can adapt to a (2) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable, roomy armchair. Into this she
reversed routine could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her
does not seem to have been applied in practice. soul.
19. Body temperature can be used as a physiological measure of performance to indicate (3) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver
with the new spring life. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. In the street below, a peddler
(A) efficiency in work was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her faintly,
(B) modified sleeping habits and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.
(C) adaptation to work schedule
(D) endurance for nighttime work (4) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless,
except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep
20. The author suggests that the solution to problems arising from nighttime work schedule continues to sob in its dreams.
should be adopted by companies on a
(5) She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her. A clear and
(A) long-term basis exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as trivial.
(B) short-term basis
(C) trial-and-error basis (6) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in
(D) combined short and long-term basis death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. A kind
intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief
21. The cycle of sleep can be modified extensively and successfully by moment of illumination.
(A) alternating shifts every week and weekend (7) What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-
(B) alternating day and night work schedules within the week assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!
(C) assigning a month or more of each work shift or schedule
(D) changing the work schedules of the day and night shift workers (8) she kept whispering.

(9) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring

(10) No, Louise was drinking in the very elixir of life through that open window. Her fancy
was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of
days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only
yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.

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28 33

(11) She arose at length and opened the door to he 15. What is the characteristic of a house on stilts?
feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She
(A) It is built on water.
(B) It consists of two floors.
(12) Someone was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who (C) It has a concrete basement.
entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella. When the doctors (D) It is raised from the ground.
came, they said she had died of heart disease of the joy that kills.
16. What do the rain dance and the devotion to Santa Clara share in common?
1894.
(A) Both are asking for rain.
1. (B) Both are pre-colonial practices.
sweet knowing she (C) Both are done during a dry spell.
(D) Both imply the belief that rain is controlled by a higher being.
(A) gained caring, true friends
(B) would be free from heartaches 17. Which of the following is considered a welcome occurrence?
(C) was supposed to be in emotional pain
(D) would be relieved of her heart problem (A) Having a downpour during a wedding
(B) Getting wet in the first rain of May
2. (C) Getting drenched in a heavy rain
(D) Getting caught in a light drizzle
(A)
and unexpected reaction 18. What does the use of different expressions for rain in the Philippine languages suggests?
(B) the discovery that Brently was alive, a twist that adversely affected her
heart condition (A) The richness and sophistication of Philippine languages
(C) unbearable and (B) The differences among the Philippine languages
difficult to accept (C) The changes in the prevailing weather conditions
(D) (D) The influence of foreign languages on ours
eventually collapse ______________________________________________________________________________

3. What figure of speech is applied in the Selection 5

(A) Irony We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is some seven to eight hours of
(B) Allusion sleep alternating with some sixteen to seventeen hours of wakefulness and that, broadly speaking,
(C) Metonymy sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and
(D) Oxymoron to what extent this cycle can be modified.

4. From what point of view is the selection written? The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working
at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for
(A) First round-the-clock working night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that the eight-hour
(B) Second work shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he gotten used to one routine
(C) Limited than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping
(D) Omniscient very efficiently.

One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift, a month, or even three months.
Research by Bonjer (1960) of the Netherlands, however, has shown that people on such systems
will revert to their normal habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite
enough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week.

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Selection 4 5. Which of the following best states the theme of the story?

(1) Filipinos offer eggs to Santa Clara to assure good weather on a particular day. It is (A) All marriages, even the kindest ones, are inherently oppressive.
interesting to contrast that with the rain dance of the Native Americans to induce rain. Why is this (B)
so? To be able to answer this, it is necessary to understand how rains have shaped our culture. (C) Women are expected to bear and rear children as dictated by the society.
(D) Independence can be imagined only privately by women because of
(2) The importance of rains in Philippine culture is attested by the rich vocabulary related domination of men.
to precipitation. In Tagalog, there are terms such as ambon (rain shower), ulan (rain), bagyo
(typhoon), unos (squall), sigwa (tempest), and siyam-siyam (incessant rains). Other Philippine 6. What device did the author use to end the story?
languages have more elaborate terms. For example, the Ivatan of Batanes distinguish different
types of typhoon, e.g. salawsaw (windy day with rain), nisu (windy day without rain), adipogpog (A) Open-endedness
(tornado with rain), dipanchi (heavy rain with strong wind that suddenly changes to a sunny day (B) Comic relief
and then back again to rain), anin (very strong wind that causes destruction), and anin du vanveyeh (C) Tragic irony
(winds strong enough to destroy coconut trees). This elaborate typhoon terminology is not at all (D) Symbolism
surprising since 13 out of the 20 typhoons that hit the Philippines annually pass through Batanes. ______________________________________________________________________________

(3) Several Filipino cultural traits have developed as an adaptation to the presence of a Selection 2
long, distinct rainy season. For example, the structure of the bahay kubo (native hut) has been
designed to weather heavy rains. The roof is steeply structured so as to allow rain to fall freely to (1) The quality of our thoughts becomes visible through our words, our behavior, or even
the ground. There are awning windows that protect the inner part of the house from getting wet. through the expression of our face. The seed of words and actions is thought. By knowing
The house is built on stilts to prevent flood waters from reaching the house floor. On the other and understanding the types of thoughts our mind can create, we will be able to consciously
hand, the Ivatan house made of stone walls and roofed with thick cogon thatch is a house that redirect thoughts towards the positive. Hence we will improve the quality of our mind, body,
can withstand typhoons. Unfortunately, modern houses have lost these rain-adapted characteristics and relationships.
and this is why they have become vulnerable to destruction brought about by floods and typhoons.
(2) Necessary thoughts
(4) Culturally, rains are also perceived as being laden with certain symbolic meanings. A s to
little amount of rain during a wedding ceremony is considered as a blessing from the heavens. On attend to our daily needs.
the contrary, heavy rains are frowned upon since they bring about floods and destruction.
(3) Wasteful (or superfluous) thoughts are those that are of no use, neither constructive nor
(5) Getting wet in the rain is believed to cause certain illnesses. There is a common belief
that one catches a cold because he or she got drenched in the rain (naulanan). An exception,
however, is when one takes a shower from the first rain during the month of May.
(4) Negative thoughts are most harmful, especially to ourselves. Negative thoughts which
(6) Another popular devotion among Filipinos is the offering of eggs to Santa Clara to are based on materialistic desires, anger, jealousy, hatred, extreme laziness, and possessiveness
bring about good weather. One possible explanation for associating the saint with good weather is cause us great loss of inner peace and strength. Such thoughts poison our mind as well as the
offering, the weather becomes atmosphere. No matter how right we are, by thinking negatively, we lose because negative
clear even during the rainy season. Moreover, the egg w clara de huevo thoughts take away our self-respect, and also, others lose respect for us.
The veneration to Santa Clara was introduced by the Spanish friars, she being one of the saints
introduced early to Filipinos. (5) Positive thoughts allow us to accumulate inner strength and enable us to be creative and

to use the problem and to find solutions for that problem.

Retrieved from http://mb.com.ph.
(6) A person who thinks positively will be aware of the weaknesses of others, but will still
14. turn his attention towards the good tendencies of others. Positive thoughts give us a feeling of
contentment within. When we are content within, then we have the strength to accept others as
(A) Roof they are without wanting to change them as we think is right.
(B) Walls
(C) Floor
(D) Windows

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30 31

7. The author developed his topic by using all of the following methods EXCEPT Recent data (Ceriello et al., 2004) show that postprandial hyperglycemia is accompanied
by endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes.
(A) narration
(B) definition This significant body of evidence strongly supports the rationale for initiating therapy to
(C) enumeration achieve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes much earlier and much more
(D) exemplification aggressively.

8. In which paragraph is the main idea of the essay found? -World Approach to Insulin

(A) Paragraph 1
(B) Paragraph 2 10. The first paragraph says that primary care providers view the use of insulin in patients with
(C) Paragraph 3 type 2 diabetes with
(D) Paragraph 6
(A) anger
9. In paragraph 4, the underlined (B) anxiety
(C) approval
(D) awareness
(A) lead to despair
(B) 11. Primary care providers are reluctant to administer insulin therapy because of
(C) affect the surroundings
(D) have social implications
______________________________________________________________________________ (A) inability to provide instructions on initial dosing and titration
(B) incomplete procedure regarding initial dosing and titration
Selection 3 (C) lack of information regarding initial dosing and titration
(D) fuzzy explanation regarding initial dosing and titration
Some primary care providers may be apprehensive about using insulin in patients with
type 2 diabetes. 12. Which of the following statements summarizes the medical article?

Concerns about hypoglycemia (diminished contents of glucose in the blood) and/or ability (A) Insulin therapy is very beneficial.
to inject insulin are good reasons why many providers may approach insulin therapy with caution. (B) People must be conscious of their diet.
Compounding this reluctance is the perception that insulin therapy is too complex to manage in a (C) Endothelial damage is actually prevented by insulin therapy.
busy primary care practice; prescribing information provided by manufacturers has been somewhat (D) Insulin is considered as the most effective treatment for diabetes.
vague regarding initial dosing and titration.
13. Which of the following conclusions can be made from the medical report?
Because of the kind of information provided by the manufacturers, providers may delay in
making the necessary transition from oral agents to insulin. Indeed, recent evidence suggests that (A) It is risky for patients with type 2 diabetes to have insulin therapy.
the hemoglobin A1c result that triggers glucose-lowering action is 9% (Brown and Nichols, (B) It is common among type 2 diabetes patients to have insulin therapy.
2003). This is unfortunate because numerous studies have shown that excellent glycemic control (C) It is costly to have insulin therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes.
can be achieved with insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. (D) It is better for patients with type 2 diabetes to have insulin therapy earlier.

Subjects of a cohort study (Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications

Study), who had been intensively treated during the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, at
seven years showed significant decreases in risk for nephropathy and retinopathy compared with
subjects from the conventional treatment arm.

Malmberg, Norhammar, Wedel, and Ryden (1999) demonstrated that the unfavorable
long-term prognosis for myocardial infarction (heart attack) could be improved by insulin
treatment.

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