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Reverse Power Relay

This document describes an experiment to test the directional characteristic of a reverse power relay. The equipment used includes an auto transformer, DC power supply, ammeter, voltmeter and lamp load. The theory section explains that the induction cup relay is a directional relay that senses both current and voltage. It produces torque based on the power flow, and will reverse contacts when power flow reverses. The technical data provided includes ratings for current, voltage, thermal limits, operating time and auxiliary supply for the relay type CCUM being tested.

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Jadeja Kuladipsinh
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368 views4 pages

Reverse Power Relay

This document describes an experiment to test the directional characteristic of a reverse power relay. The equipment used includes an auto transformer, DC power supply, ammeter, voltmeter and lamp load. The theory section explains that the induction cup relay is a directional relay that senses both current and voltage. It produces torque based on the power flow, and will reverse contacts when power flow reverses. The technical data provided includes ratings for current, voltage, thermal limits, operating time and auxiliary supply for the relay type CCUM being tested.

Uploaded by

Jadeja Kuladipsinh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICAL NO-7

AIM: TO TEST DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC OF REVERSE


POWER RELAY.

EQUIPMENTS:
1. Single phase Auto Transformer
2. D.C power supply 0-30 volt
3. Ammeter 0-10 Amp
4. Voltmeter 0-300 volt
5. Lamp Load

THEORY OF DIRECTIONAL RELAY:

This relay has two, four or more electromagnets, in stator. These electromagnets
are energized by the relay coils. A stationary iron core is placed as shown in
figure. The rotor consists of a hollow metallic cylindrical cup. The rotor is free
to rotate in the gap between the stationary iron core and electromagnets. The
induction cup relay is a directional relay. Here bus voltage being a reference,
the direction of current is compared with voltage.

The induction cup relay is double quantity relay, this means that relay energized
by both voltage and current as input quantity. Current for relay is given by
secondary winding of current transformer and voltage is given by secondary
winding of potential transformer. This means that current coil of relay is
connected to the secondary of CT and voltage coil of relay is connected to the
secondary of PT.
Vector diagram is shown in figure. Flux Φ1 is produced due to the voltage
applied to the voltage coil, which lags 90° behind the voltage vector V. Flux Φ 2
is produced by the current I which is in phase with the current vector. The phase
angle between the voltage vector and the current vector is θ which depends
upon the load power factor. Torque on the moving metallic cup can be
expressed as
T α Φ1 Φ2 sin β
Now
Φ1 α V, Φ2 α I
and β = 90- θ
T α V I sin (90- θ)
T α V I cos θ
This means that the driving torque
is proportional to the power. i.e.
when the direction of power flow reverses, the torque reverses and the contacts
are closed. During the normal power flow condition torque is developed also
but due to the back stop provided behind the moving contact, the cup can’t
rotate in anticlockwise direction.
TECHNICAL DATA OF RELAY TYPE CCUM:
Ratings:
Current: 1A or 5A at 50 Hz
Voltage: 110V at 50 Hz
Thermal Ratings:
Continuous: 2 x Rated current & 110% Rated voltage
Short time: 20 x Rated current for 3 Seconds
Operating Time: 1-10seconds standard. Other time ranges: 0.5-5 sec, 2.5-25
sec, 6-60 sec, 12-120 seconds. Our relay has operating
time of 0.5-5 seconds.
Auxiliary Supply: 30, 110, 220 volts DC Standard. We use 30 V DC
Contacts: 2 Pairs S/R in any combination of ‘Make’ (NO) and ‘Break’(NC)

Circuit Diagram:

OBSERVATION TABLE:

System System Power Flow Relay


Sr. No.
Voltage Current Direction Position
1
2

REVERSE POWER PROTECTION:


Reverse power protection is against failure of prime-mover of an alternator.
When prime-mover of one of the alternators fails in power plant, the alternator
will not stop but will run as a synchronous motor taking power from the bus.
There is no harm to the alternator when it is run as a synchronous motor but the
reversal of power is harmful to the prime-mover. The normal flow of power is
from the alternators to the bus. If now the input to the prime-mover stops, the
busbar will feed power to alternator and make it run as a synchronous motor.
The prime-mover will act as a load on the motor. This means that flow of power
is reversed. The reversal of power is sensed by reversed power relay.
 Reverse power relay is time delayed relay.
 Directional relay used as a reverse power relay.
 Reverse power relay used for protection of prime-mover.
Give answer of following questions:
1) Explain in brief power reversal in an alternator.
2) Write specification of reverse power relay used in laboratory experiment.
3) Write application of reverse power relay.
4) Why reverse power relay is time delayed relay?
5) Give time range for reverse power relay which is used in experiment.
6) Explain working principal of directional relay in brief.
7) Which quantity is sensed by reverse power relay?
8) How we connect reverse power relay in system?

CONCLUSION:

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