Sistemas de Generacion
Sistemas de Generacion
Sistemas de Generacion
5°- Properties
Water flow rate ṁw =7.5 kg /s
Water temperatures
T w ,∈¿=71 ° C ¿
T w ,out =182° C
6°- Calculations
C c =C w =ṁ c c pc =¿
kg J W
¿ 7.5
s (
4240
kg . K
=31801 )
K
C h=C g= ṁh c ph=¿
kg J W
¿ 26
s(1000
kg . K)=26000
K
matching the balances of the hot fluid and the cold fluid
Cg ¿
a) from the previous equation we proceed to clear the outlet temperature of the
gases
T g , out =T Cw
g ,∈¿− ¿¿
Cg
31801
¿ 426 ° C− ( 182° C−71° C )
26000
¿ 290 ° C
In the LMTD method, the reason for the heat transfer is determined from
ΔT 1=T g ,∈¿−T w ,out =426° C−182° C=244 ° C ¿
ΔT 1−Δ T 2 244−219
ΔT ml= = =231° C
ΔT 1 244
ln
( ) ( )
ΔT 2
ln
219
Q̇=U A s Δ T ml
Q̇=C w ¿
b) equalizing the two previous equations, we can clear the area
U A s Δ T ml=C w ¿
A s=C w ¿ ¿
¿ 268 m 2
7°- Conclusions
Note that the temperature difference ΔT between hot and cold fluids is large at the
inlet of the exchanger, but decreases exponentially towards the outlet. The
temperature of the hot fluid decreases and that of the cold increases along said
exchanger, but the temperature of the cold fluid can never exceed that of the hot,
regardless of how long the exchanger is.
Problem 4.
Two engineers are having an argument about the efficiency of a tube-side
multipass heat exchanger compared to a similar exchanger with a single tube-side
pass. Smith claims that for a given number of tubes and rate of heat transfer, more
area is required in a two-pass exchanger than in a one pass, because the effective
temperature difference is less. Jones, on the other hand, claims that because the
tube-side velocity and hence the heat transfer coefficient are higher, less area is
required in a two-pass exchanger. With the conditions given below, which engineer
is correct? Which case would you recommend, or what changes in the exchanger
would you recommend?
Exchanger specifications:
200 tube passes total
1-inch OD copper tubes, 16 BWG
Tube-side fluid:
water entering at 16°C, leaving at 28°C, at a rate of 225,000 kg/h
Shell-side fluid:
Mobiltherm 600, entering at 50°C, leaving at 33°C
Shell-side coefficient = 1700 W/m2 K
1°-Analysis of the problem
talks about two engineers who are discussing the efficiency of an exchanger one of
them states that for a given number of tubes and heat transfer speed it requires a
larger area and in a two-pass exchanger than in one pass, For his part, Jones says
that the speed of the tube depends on the coefficient of transfer of calories and
given that it requires less area in one in a two-step exchanger, the problem asks
Picasso would highly recommend that changes could change
2°- Scheme
3°- Assumptions and approximations
4°- Physical laws and formulas
In a well insulated exchanger the reason for the heat transfer from the hot fluid is
equal to the reason for the heat transfer to the cold fluid; that is to say:
Q̇= ṁc c pc ( T c ,salida −T c ,entrada ) =Cc ( T c, salida −T c, entrada )
5°- Properties
in the table we look for 16 tubes and with a diameter of 1 in
Di = 0.870 in = 0.0221 m
Do = 1.0 in = 0.0254 m
for water at the average temperature of 22°C
Thermal conductivity (k) = 0.601 W/(m K)
Kinematic viscosity (ν) = 0.957 × 10–6 m^2 /s
Prandtl number (Pr) = 6.6
Density (ρ) = 998 kg/m3
Specific heat (Cpw) = 4180 J/(kg K)
the specific heat of Mobiltherm 600 at its average temperature of 42°C
(Cpm) = 1654 J/(kg K)
6°- Calculations
the specific heat of Mobiltherm 600 at its average temperature of 42°C (cpm) =
1654 J/(kg K)
The water velocity
ṁ
V=
ρA
4˙m
¿
π
ρN
4 ()
( Di )
2
kg
4(62.5 )
s m
V a= =.816
kg s
(
200 998
m
3)π ( .0221 m )
2
m m
V b =2V a =2 .816 ( s)=1.63
s
Nu=0.023 R e 0.8 Pr n
W
hi a =Nuda
k
( )
Di
=129 (
.601
mK
.0221 m
W
=3502 2
m K
)
b) Then we get the Reynolds number.
ℜd b=2 ℜda=37701
Nu=0.023 R e 0.8 Pr n
W
hi b =Nud b
k
( )
Di
=224 ( mK
.601
.0221 m
W
=6108 2
m K
)
The overall heat transfer coefficient
1 D0 1
= +
U 0 D i ( hi ) h0
for subsection a
1 .0254
= (
U 0 .0221 ) 35021 W
( )( +
1700
1
W
)
2
m K m2 K
W
U 0 =1091
m2 K
for subsection b
1 .0254
= (
U 0 .0221 ) 61081 W
( )( +
1700
1
W
)
2
m K m2 K
W
U 0 =1288
m2 K
ΔT a− ΔT b 2 2−1 7
ΔT ml= = =19.4 ° C
Δ Ta 22
ln
( ) ( )
Δ Tb
ln
17
The mean log temperature difference for the counterflow arrangement and the
correction factor F are:
P=(t ¿ ¿ 2−t 1)/(T ¿ ¿ 1−t 1)=(28−16)/(5 0−16)=. 35 ¿ ¿
Q̇=C w ¿
7°- Conclusions