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Lecture 1-EIA PROCEDURES

The document provides an overview of environmental impact assessments (EIAs) in Malaysia. Key points include: - EIAs have been required in Malaysia since 1988 and are mandated by environmental law to evaluate proposed development projects. - There are two types of EIAs used - Preliminary EIAs and more rigorous Detailed EIAs for certain high-impact projects. - The EIA process involves screening the project, scoping the study, conducting baseline surveys, identifying and analyzing impacts, developing mitigation measures, and obtaining public input before approval.

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Saiful Munir
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
105 views31 pages

Lecture 1-EIA PROCEDURES

The document provides an overview of environmental impact assessments (EIAs) in Malaysia. Key points include: - EIAs have been required in Malaysia since 1988 and are mandated by environmental law to evaluate proposed development projects. - There are two types of EIAs used - Preliminary EIAs and more rigorous Detailed EIAs for certain high-impact projects. - The EIA process involves screening the project, scoping the study, conducting baseline surveys, identifying and analyzing impacts, developing mitigation measures, and obtaining public input before approval.

Uploaded by

Saiful Munir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 

ASSESSMENT
EIA IN MALAYSIA
• EIA procedure in Malaysia has been in place 
since 1988
• Developed primarily as an aid to the 
environmental planning of:
– new development projects or
– the expansion of existing development projects
LEGAL REQUIREMENT IN MALAYSIA
• EIA is required under Section 34A, Environmental 
Quality Act, 1974
• Sect 34A, EQA 1974 empowers the Minister of 
Natural Resources and the Environment to 
prescribe any activity which may have significant 
environmental impacts as a Prescribed Activity
• The section further requires the Project Initiator 
of the Prescribed Activity to submit a report of 
the EIA to the Director General of Environmental 
Quality for approval
DEFINITION OF EIA
• EIA is a study to identify, predict, evaluate and 
communicate information about the impacts 
on the environment of a proposed project and 
to detail out the mitigating measures prior to 
project approval and implementation
TYPE OF EIA
There are 2 EIA procedures used by the DOE, 
namely Preliminary EIA and the Detailed EIA
Schedule 1: Preliminary EIA
Applicable to all Prescribed Activities except 
those that are subject to Detailed EIA
• Schedule 2: Detailed EIA
– Iron & Steel industry
– Pulp and paper mills
– Cement plant
– Construction of coal fired power plant
– Construction of dams for water supply & hydroelectric 
– Land reclamation
– Incineration plant (scheduled wastes & solid wastes)
– Construction of municipal solid waste landfill facility

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– Project involving land clearing where 50% of the area 
or more having slopes exceeding 25 degree (except 
quarry)
– Logging covering an area exceeding 500 hectares or 
more
– Development of tourist or recreational facilities on 
islands surrounding waters which are gazetted as 
national marine parks
– Construction of recovery plant (off‐site) for lead acid 
battery waste
– Scheduled wastes recovery or treatment facility 
generating significant amount of wastewater located 
upstream of public water supply intake
– Non‐ferrous – Primary smelting
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WHAT TO CONSIDER PRIOR TO EIA 
STUDY
• Ensure the project concept does not 
contradict any development plans, policies or 
and decisions of the Government of Malaysia
– Local Plan
– National Physical Plans
– Regional Plan (inter‐state planning)
– etc

8
• Site Selection
– Include engineering, environmental and economic 
aspects
– Buffer Zone. DOE “Guideline for the Siting and 
Zoning of Industries”
– Need to get the approval of PAT (Penilaian Awal 
Tapak) from DOE

9
Key Tasks In EIA

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1. SCREENING
• Prescribed activity? If yes, requires EIA
• PEIA or DEIA?

11
2. SCOPING
• Scoping identifies significant issues to be 
studied during the EIA and eliminates those 
that of little concern
• Result of scoping – Terms of References (TOR)
• Time and money are not wasted on 
unnecessary investigation

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Case Study 1
An incinerator is going to be built within 1.0 km 
from USM Engineering Campus. The proposed 
site is about 100 m from Ampang Jajar. The 
maximum duration of the wastes to be stored is 
proposed to be 3 days.

Propose the possible Scoping of the project
3. FORMATION OF EIA TEAM
• During scoping exercise, the EIA Team Leader 
to determine the expertise required and 
source them

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4. STATEMENT OF NEED
• Must highlight how the proposed projects 
meets the needs of the society, region or the 
nations

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5. EVALUATING PROJECT OPTIONS
• Principle features of each option should be 
described and the economic, technical and 
environmental advantages and disadvantages
– No project option
• Highlight any social, economic or environmental benefits 
that may arise from the project and which would be denied 
to the society if the project is not carried out
– Site option
• Important for projects such as sewage treatment plants, 
hazardous waste treatment or recovery facilities, incinerator 
and landfill
– Technological option
• Factors to be considered: costs, environment and the ease 
and cost maintenance
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– Construction method option
• Roads, port, airports and dams, housing or resort 
projects in sensitive areas where construction process 
could lead to significant impacts
– Layout option
• Important for land development projects such as 
housing, commercial and/or industrial parks
– Energy source or fuel option
• Important for projects where energy consumption is 
high. (Refineries, smelters, power plants and chemical 
production
– etc
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6. BASELINE SURVEYS AND DATA 
GATHERING
• Good baseline data helps:
– Provides a common platform for all stakeholders 
when reviewing the EIA report
– Ensure accurate prediction of environmental 
impacts
– Lab analysis must be included in the EIA report
Example:
If the main impact from a project is likely to be air 
pollution, then the air quality measurements 
should be given due attention
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• Primary data collection for the 
following aspects:‐
– Physical Environment (i.e. to carry out site visits, 
samplings and laboratory analyses on samples)
– Water quality (surface and groundwater)
– Air and odour quality
– Noise level
– Vibration level
– Human Environment (i.e. to conduct on‐site sighting 
study)
– Flora and fauna
– Land use
– Socio‐economy

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7. IDENTIFYING SENSITIVE RECEPTORS
• Important to identify the sensitive receptors
• For example, if the main impact is likely to be 
air pollution, the sensitive receptors 
downwind of the project site need to be 
identified. If effluent discharge, the receptors 
downstream of the site need to be identified
• Normally within 5 km from the site

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8. IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY 
SENSITIVE AREAS
– Forest, wetland, wildlife reserves, water 
catchment areas, highland and areas of 
steep slopes, historical or archaeological 
sites, etc
– EIA report should clearly identify and map 
all environmentally sensitive areas within a 
5 km radius from the project site

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9. IMPACT IDENTIFICATION & 
ANALYSIS
• Identify the key activities first in each Scope 
(Task 2)
• List of all key activities that may have impacts 
on the environment
• For example: if air pollution is a key issue, it is 
necessary to carry out air pollution dispersion 
modelling
• For landfill‐ what are the significant issues?
22
ENCAP EA-ESD Course: Basic Concepts
23
for EIA. Visit www.encapafrica.org
ENCAP EA-ESD Course: Basic Concepts
24
for EIA. Visit www.encapafrica.org
10. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
• To inform the stakeholders on the proposed 
projects…the need & what implications if not 
proceed
– Government agencies
– NGOs
– Residents
– Local businesses
– Community leaders/ local politicians

25
11. MITIGATIONS OF 
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• Mitigations to reduce or eliminate the impacts
• Include frameworks such as Environmental 
Management Plan (EMP), Erosion Sediment 
and Control Plan (ESCP), and Emergency 
Response Plan (ERP)

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12. ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF 
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• EIA only requires the identification, 
quantification and monetization of the 
environmental impacts of the projects

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13. FORMULATING MONITORING 
PROGRAMME
• Ensure the proposed monitoring parameters 
and locations correspond to the key 
environmental issues and sensitive receptors

ENCAP EA-ESD Course: Basic Concepts


28
for EIA. Visit www.encapafrica.org
14. RESIDUAL IMPACTS & 
CONCLUDING REMARKS
• Of concern are those effects that have 
potential to be significant in the long term
even after the application of mitigation 
measures

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EIA Process
Understand Screen the Conduct a
Phase I Phase II
proposed activity Preliminary
activity Assessment
Based on the ACTIVITY IS SIGNIFICANT BEGIN
Why is the nature of the OF MODERATE A rapid, ADVERSE FULL
activity being activity what OR UNKNOWN simplified EIA IMPACTS EIA
proposed? level of RISK study using POSSIBLE STUDY
environmental simple tools SIGNIFICANT
What is being review is (e.g. the ADVERSE
proposed? indicated? USAID IEE) IMPACTS
VERY UNLIKELY

ACTIVITY IS LOW
RISK (Of its nature, STOP
very unlikely to have the EIA
significant adverse process
impacts)

ACTIVITY IS
HIGH RISK (Of its
nature, likely to have
significant adverse
impacts)

ENCAP EA-ESD Course: Basic Concepts


30
for EIA. Visit www.encapafrica.org
In Class Activity‐ 21/12/2019
To be submitted before end of lecture
Review article “ Environmental Impact 
Assessment For Budget Hotel In Langkawi, 
Malaysia”
By Using Your Own Words,   Summarize the 
article in accordance the EIA tasks that you have 
learned (Use Point Format)‐
What category of the Prescribed Activity, state 
the number..
What are the scopings, sensitive receptors?, etc
31

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