ABSTRACT

During the period of Ten Days as an intern in PRIME SOLUTIONS. As the result I

learned how to work with group of people, throughout this internship training. I have learned a

server-side scripting language called PHP designed for web development, but also used as

general-purpose programming language.

Online quiz portal is a leading platform for student. Online exam is conducted through

the internet or in an internet.It can be conducted either offline or online .Online Exams Portals in

that I used a administrator module, in that .I have created a login page and registration page.

PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor". PHP is a server side

scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage dynamic content, databases,

session tracking, even build entire e-commerce sites.

It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle,

Sybase, Informix, and Microsoft SQL Server. PHP interpreter implemented as a module in the

web server or as a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable.

The web server combines the results of the interpreted and executed PHP code, which

may be any type of data, including images, with the generated web page. PHP code may also be

executed with a command-line interface (CLI) and can be used to implements standalone

graphical applications.
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Overview of Project:

This project titled “CLOUD COMPUTING FROM SINGLE TO MULTI CLOUD” can

be developed successfully. The use of cloud computing has increased rapidly in many

organizations. Cloud computing provides many benefits in terms of low cost and accessibility of

data. Ensuring the security of cloud computing is a major factor in the cloud computing

environment, as users often store sensitive information with cloud storage providers but these

providers may be untrusted. Dealing with “single cloud” providers is predicted to become less

popular with customers due to risks of service availability failure and the possibility of malicious

insiders in the single cloud. A movement towards “multi-clouds”, or in other words,

“interclouds” or “cloud-of-clouds” has emerged recently. This paper surveys recent research

related to single and multi-cloud security and addresses possible solutions. It is found that the

research into the use of multi-cloud providers to maintain security has received less attention

from the research community than has the use of single clouds. This work aims to promote the

use of multi-clouds due to its ability to reduce security risks that affect the cloud computing user.
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT:

System Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is turned

into a working system. The most crucial stage is achieving a successful new system and giving a

user confidence in that the new system will work efficiently and effectively in the

implementation stage. The stage consist of

1. Testing a developed program with sample data

2. Detection and correction of error

3. Creating whether the system meets a user requirements

4. making necessary changes as desired by users.

5. Training user personal

The implementation phase is less creative than system design. A system design may be

dropped at any time prior to implementation, although it becomes more difficult when it goes to

the design phase. The final report of the implementation phase includes procedural flowcharts,

record layouts, and a workable plan for implementing the candidate system design into a

operational design.PHP and MY SQL has offer very efficient yet a simple implementation

technique for development of the project.

1.3 BACKGROUND STUDY:

WEB SERVER:

The Web server accepts the request and sends the HTML to the Client browser that

requests it. Web browser and web server communicate through a common protocol (HTTP). The
examples for web server are XAMPP(any of four different operating

systems,Apache,MySQL,Php,Perl),WAMP(Windows,Apache,MySQL,Php),MAMP(Macintosh,

Apache, MySQL, PHP).

PHP:

PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor. PHP scripts run inside Apache server or

Microsoft IIS. PHP and Apache server are free. PHP code is very easy. PHP is the most used

server side scripting language. PHP files contain PHP scripts and HTML. PHP files have the

extension “php”, “php3”, “php4”, or “phtml”.

Using PHP:

Generate dynamic web pages. PHP can display different content to different user

or display different content at different times of the day Process the contents of HTML forms.

We can use an PHP to retrieve and respond to the data entered into an HTML form.

Can create database-driven web pages. An PHP can insert new data or retrieve existing data

from a database such a MySQL.

Working of PHP:

PHP is a standard HTML file that is extended with additional features. Like a

standard HTML file, PHP contains HTML tag that can be interpreted and displayed by a web

browser. Anything we could normally place in an HTML file Java applets, Blinking text, server

side scripts .we can place in PHP. However, PHP has three important features that make it

unique.
PHP contains server side scripts. PHP provides several built-in objects.

HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE (HTML) :

HTML is an application of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML),

which was approved as an international standard in the year 1986. SGML provides a way to

encode hyper documents so they can be interchanged SGML is also a Meta language for

formally describing document markup system. Infact HTML uses SGML to define a language

that describes a WWW hyper document’s structure and inter connectivity. Following the rigors

of SGML, TBL bore HTML to the world in 1990. Since then, many of us have it to be easy to

use but sometimes quite limiting. These limiting factors are being addressed but the World Wide

Web Consortium (aka W3c) at MIT. But HTML had to start somewhere, and its success argues

that it didn’t start out too badly.

Benefit of PHP

Because the server does processing, the output of PHP files changes when its input

changes. For example, most of the pages on the Horticulture site have only two (2) PHP

commands:

1. Include the header file that defines the links on the left, the banner, and the quick

links at the top.

2. Include the footer file that displays the mission statement and Horticulture contact

information.

Because including the files is performed everytime the PHP file is accessed, when the

header/footer files change, the new content will be immediately updated. In other words, if
you add a new link, every page that includes the header will immediately display the new lin

• PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

• PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP

• PHP scripts are executed on the server

• PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid,

PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.)

• PHP is an open source software

• PHP is free to download and use

• PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts

• PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML

• PHP files have a file extension of “.php”, “.php3”, or “.phtml”

• PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.)

• PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)

• PHP is FREE to download from the official PHP resource: www.php.net

• PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side

To get access to a web server with PHP support, you can:

• Install Apache (or IIS) on your own server, install PHP, and MySQL

• Or find a web hosting plan with PHP and MySQL support

Basic PHP Syntax:

A PHP scripting block always starts with <?php and ends with ?>. A PHP scripting block can be

placed anywhere in the document.

with ?>.

For maximum compatibility, we recommend that you use the standard form (<?php) rather than

the shorthand form.

A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, just like an HTML file, and some PHP scripting code.

Each code line in PHP must end with a semicolon. The semicolon is a separator and is used to

distinguish one set of instructions from another

BACK END:

MYSQL SERVER:

Database:

A database is simply a collection of used data just like phone book. MySQL database

include such objects as tables, queries, forms, and more.

Tables:

In MySQL tables are collection of similar data. With all tables can be organized

differently, and contain mostly different information- but they should all be in the same database

file. For instance we may have a database file called video store. Containing tables named

members, tapes, reservations and so on. These tables are stored in the same database file because

they are often used together to create reports to help to fill out on screen forms.

Relational database:

MySQL is a relational database. Relational databases tools like access can help us manage

information in three important ways.

• Facilitate the sharing of information

• Keep data accurate

Fields

Fields are places in a table where we store individual chunks of information.

Primary key and other indexed fields:

MySQL use key fields and indexing to help speed many database operations. We can tell

MySQL, which should be key fields, or MySQL can assign them automatically.

Controls and objects:

Queries are access objects us display, print and use our data. They can be things like field

labels that we drag around when designing reports. Or they can be pictures, or titles for reports,

or boxes containing the results of calculations.

Queries and dynasts:

Queries are request to information. When access responds with its list of data, that

response constitutes a dynast. A dynamic set of data meeting our query criteria. Because of the

way access is designed, dynasts are updated even after we have made our query.

Forms:

Forms are on screen arrangement that make it easy to enter and read data. we can also print the

forms if we want to. We can design form our self, or let the access auto form feature.
Reports:

Reports are paper copies of dynasets. We can also print reports to disk, if we like. Access

helps us to create the reports. There are even wizards for complex printouts.

Properties:

Properties are the specification we assigned to parts of our database design. We can define

properties for fields, forms, controls and most other access objects.

FEATURES OF MYSQL

MYSQL is a relational database system. If you can believe many diehard MYSQL

fans, MYSQL is faster, more reliable, and cheaper -- or, simply put, better -- than any other

database system (including commercial systems such as Oracle and DB2). Many MYSQL

opponents continue to challenge this viewpoint, going even so far as to assert that MYSQL is not

even a relational database system. We can safely say that there is a large bandwidth of opinion.

• The fact is that there is an ever increasing number of MYSQL users, and the

overwhelming majority of them are quite satisfied with MYSQL. Thus for these users we may

say that MYSQL is good enough.

• It is also the fact, however, that MYSQL still lacks a number of features that are

taken for granted with other database systems. If you require such features, then MYSQL is (at

least for the present) not the database system for you. MYSQL is not a panacea.

The following list shows the most important properties of MYSQL. This section is directed to

the reader who already has some knowledge of relational databases. We will use some

terminology from the relational database world without defining our terms exactly. On the other
hand, the explanations should make it possible for database novices to understand to some extent

what we are talking about.

Relational Database System: Like almost all other database systems on the market, MYSQL is a

relational database system.

Client/Server Architecture: MYSQL is a client/server system. There is a database

server (MYSQL) and arbitrarily many clients (application programs), which communicate with

the server; that is, they query data, save changes, etc. The clients can run on the same computer

as the server or on another computer (communication via a local network or the Internet).

Almost all of the familiar large database systems (Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server,

etc.) are client/server systems. These are in contrast to the file-server systems, which include

Microsoft Access, dBase and FoxPro. The decisive drawback to file-server systems is that when

run over a network, they become extremely inefficient as the number of users grows.

MySQL server overview

The MySQL server provides a database management system with querying and

connectivity capabilities, as well as the ability to have excellent data structure and integration

with many different platforms. It can handle large databases reliably and quickly in high-

demanding production environments. The MySQL server also provides rich function such as its

connectivity, speed, and security that make it suitable for accessing databases.

The MySQL server works in a client and server system. This system includes a multiple-

threaded SQL server that supports varied backend, different client programs and libraries,

administrative tools, and many application programming interfaces (API)s.

To get started, you must do the following:

1. Download MySQL Version 5.0.27.

3. Initialize the MySQLdatabase.

4. Start the MySQL server.

MySQL directory structure

On the z/TPF system, the MySQL server uses the directory tree setup when you

enter ZMSQL BOOTSTRAP PATH-/pathname, where /pathname specifies the base directory in

which MySQL is installed. This means that all MySQL files can be found in this directory

(/pathname). When you are configuring MySQL, ensure that the MySQL files reside in a file

system that is thread-safe, such as a pool file system (PFS), memory file system (MFS), or fixed

file system (FFS).

MySQL uses the following directories by default, assuming /pathname is specified

for the PATH parameter:

/pathname/mysql/data

The MySQL data directory, which is the default directory where log files are

saved. Subdirectories in the MySQL data directory correspond to databases in MySQL. Files in

the subdirectories correspond to tables in those databases.

/pathname/mysql/data/mysql

The MySQL database directory. This is a special database that contains the

administrative databases for MySQL.

/pathname/share/mysql/charset

This directory contains the character set support files.

/pathname/share/mysql/english/

This directory contains the English language error messages.

This directory contains other language support.

Database administration

Database administration is the process of establishing computerized databases and

preparing for the environmental aspects of a database. In general, these include database setup,

database backup, and database logging. Additionally, database administration involves

monitoring the performance of databases and enforcing standards for database use and security.

Database setup: MySQL supports several types of databases and storage engines.

Database backup and restore

In information technology, backup refers to the copying of data so that the additional copies may

be restored after a data loss. Backups are useful for restoring a computer to an operational state

following a disaster (disaster recovery) and to restore small numbers of files after they have been

accidentally deleted or corrupted. Backups differ from archives in the sense that archives are the

primary copy of data and backups are a secondary copy of data.

Stored procedures

A stored procedure is a set of SQL statements that can be stored on the MySQL

server. By using stored procedures, it is not necessary for client applications to continually issue

individual SQL statements because they can refer to the stored procedure instead.

Stored procedures are useful in these situations:

• When multiple client applications are written in different programming languages

or operate on different platforms, but must perform the same database operations

• When security is important. Banks, for example, use stored procedures and

functions for all common operations. Doing so provides a consistent and secure environment,
and routines can ensure that each operation is logged properly. With such a setup, client

applications and users cannot access the database tables directly, but do have the ability to

process specific stored routines.

Stored procedures can provide improved performance because less information

needs to be sent between the MySQL server and the client application, but they can also increase

the load on the database server because more of the work is performed on the server side and less

work is performed on the client application side.

Error and crash recovery from data corruption

Crash recovery is the recovery of a database and the ability to automatically

correct a hardware, software, or line failure through a set of concepts, procedures, and strategies

that protect databases against data loss due to media failure or user errors. Ordinarily you can

protect against most common system failures, including power outages and hardware and

software problems. However, there are times when the portion of the system that is running on

an individual computer may crash, and then be restarted by a crash recovery procedure. This may

result in the loss of some information that was present just before the crash. The loss of the

information may lead to an inconsistent state for the information permanently stored in the

system.
1.3.1. PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION:

PRIME SOLUTIONS

Prime Solutions is a Leading Software solution providing Company situated in

Coimbatore, which has its client network spread across the geographical area. Prime

Solutions with its expertise group of management team provides diversified services to its

clients; the services include Application Development, Software application Migration,

Web application Development, Mobile applications, Software/Web Designing and

Software Training. 

It specializes and is well-known for training students as well as working

professionals in accounting, web designing, programming languages, hardware and

networking. It is run and managed by seasoned professionals who lead a team of

educators and trainers having relevant domain expertise.

At Prime Solutions we focus on delivering client satisfaction based high end solutions

with innovations, within a short span of time Prime Solutions has become a demanding

software solution provider in the IT Market.

Prime Solutions focus providing open source based software solutions, we have a

dedicated team to work on enhancing the open source software model and to provide a

cost effective solution to our customer with open source tools. 

Prime Solutions vision always been marching towards Innovation, our mission is

to give our customers and clients complete satisfaction in what we delivery

PRIME SOLUTIONS is a minority-owned software development and project company

that provides reliable and efficient technology products and services across multiple frameworks

and business functions in COIMBATORE, we are committed to delivering cost effective, client

specific solutions.

Founded in 2013, PRIMESOLUTIONS has been a successful provider in the areas of

Software Products Development (PHP, DOT NET, ANDROID, JAVA, J2EE, CORE

JAVA, SOFTWARE TESTING-AUTOMATION), Information Engineering Services, Data

Management, Basics of electronics, PCB Designing and Manufacturing Microcontrollers,

Embedded systems, RTOS, Robotics , VLSI & Tools ,MATLAB & Tools and Real time

IOT.

VISION:

To provide the best technical knowledge to our Students on par with international

standards and to touch the Students sense of innovation to expertise them professionally.

MISSION:

To be the partner of choice for the leading service provider’s and enterprises by help

them to create, built and maintain the most innovative, reliable and cost-effective software

solutions and meet their customers growing needs through the rapid development and

deployment.
TECHNOLOGY CONSULTING:

Consulting is one of our core competencies at Supreme Technology and we have attuned

our know how to meet the ever changing technological trends into more advanced form to meet

our client requirements. In order to provide our clients with the most reliable and the finest IT

professional services we identify our consultants through an extensive and comprehensive

recruiting process.

INTERNSHIP TRAINING:

Objective:

 Here each and every student will be trained and get the direct exposure to a Industrial

 Working Environment during college days itself. It has proved for Many students to

develop a in

 Depth knowledge and perspective over the things they have learnt and going to learn in

future.

 Industry persons also shows interest on students with these kind of Unique experience.

Course Content:

 Depends on the stream and skill set of student each of them will be allotted a specific

Industrial task for 20 hours.

 On Successful completion of this student will be eligible for a Certificate from Industry

stating the Work related knowledge and his/her performance on the assigned project.
SOFTWARE SERVICES:

 Web Development

 Software Development

 Mobile Apps

 Logo's & Branding

 Online Marketing

 Final Year Projects (With Job Assistance)

 24*7 Technical Support

 Training Programming (Diploma In Web Development & Diploma In Mobile APPS)

SPECIAL COURSES:

In Electronics:

MEMS, OPNET, NS2, VLSI, Mat lab, VHDL, IOT.

In IT:

Oracle, Android & Enterprise Mobility, .Net, PHP, JAVA.

2.1 LIST OF DEPARTMENTS/ MODULES:

  ModuleS:

. The project titled “Managing Multiserver in Cloud” is used to potential for

migration from a single cloud to a multi-cloud environment is examined and research related to

security issues in single and multi-clouds in cloud computing is surveyed.

Add Employee:

This module allows the user to enter their details in the form. The Details Stores in the

Database.

View Employee:

Here the user can view the details of other employees who were entered before them.

Upload Files:

In this Module contains the user can login and upload the document containing the

format and detailed Saved to the Database. While uploading the document Main Server Database

and Common Server Database should be saved.

In this Module If the user views the Main Server Details and click and Download

the Document.

View Files:

This module allows the admin to view the files which are uploaded by the users into the

cloud.

Crash Data:

Another major concern in cloud services is service availability. Cloud Service mentions

in its licensing agreement that it is possible that the service might be unavailable from time to

time. The user’s Data may terminate for any reason at any time if any user’s files break the cloud

storage policy. In addition, if any damage occurs to any Cloud service and the service fails, in

this case there will be no charge to the for this failure. Administrator Should Maintain the Failure

Data.

2.2. PROCESS OF EACH DEPARTMENTS/ MODULES:

Administrator has to create, modify, delete and the test papers and its particular question.

User can register, login and give the test with his specific id, and can see the result as well

as..Finally I conclude this industry exposure which will help the student to know about how the

industry works in the real-life scenario.

new system and in giving the student, confidence that the training will work and be effective.

During the internship, have the exposure in learning about the domain farmers buddy and learned

how to developed java based applications. This training completely and successfully gives the

work experience in Prime Solutions with effective way.

3. CONCLUSION

The “CLOUD COMPUTING FROM SINGLE TO MULTI CLOUD” has been

developed to satisfy all proposed requirements. The process is maintained more simple and easy.

The system is highly scalable and user friendly. Almost all the system objectives have been met.

The system has been tested under all criteria. The system minimizes the problem arising in the

existing manual system and it eliminates the human errors to zero level. The design of the

database is flexible ensuring that the system can be implemented. It is implemented and gone

through all validation. All phases of development were conceived using methodologies. User

with little training can get the required report. The software executes successfully by fulfilling

the objectives of the project. Further extensions to this system can be made required with minor

modifications.
REFERENCES

Book Reference

 Professional PHP6, By Ed Lecky-Thompson, Steven D. Nowicki, and Thomas Myer

 Learning PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript: A Step-by-Step Guide to Creating Dynamic

Websites, By Robin Nixon

 PHP Solutions: Dynamic Web Design Made Easy, By David Powers

 Beginning PHP and MySQL: From Novice To Professional, By W. Jason Gilmore

 Head First PHP & MySQL, By Lynn Beighley and Michael Morrison

 Core PHP programming By Leon Atkinson, Zeev Suraski.

 PHP Object-Oriented Solutions By David Powers

Web Reference:

 www.w3schools.com

 www.php.net/manual/en/tutorial.php

 www.tutorialspoint.com

 www.tizag.com/php

 www.codecademy.com/tracks/php