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    3 Present-Perfect-1

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    Miloş Nicu
    The document summarizes the present perfect tense in English grammar. It covers: 1) The form of the present perfect using has/have + past participle. 2) Usage including with time expressions like for, since, recently, ever, and adverbs. 3) The difference between the present perfect and simple past tenses. 4) The difference between the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous forms.

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    3 Present-Perfect-1

    Uploaded by

    Miloş Nicu
    53 views5 pages
    The document summarizes the present perfect tense in English grammar. It covers: 1) The form of the present perfect using has/have + past participle. 2) Usage including with time expressions like for, since, recently, ever, and adverbs. 3) The difference between the present perfect and simple past tenses. 4) The difference between the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous forms.

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    The document summarizes the present perfect tense in English grammar. It covers: 1) The form of the present perfect using has/have + past participle. 2) Usage including with time expressions like for, since, recently, ever, and adverbs. 3) The difference between the present perfect and simple past tenses. 4) The difference between the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    53 views5 pages

    3 Present-Perfect-1

    Uploaded by

    Miloş Nicu
    The document summarizes the present perfect tense in English grammar. It covers: 1) The form of the present perfect using has/have + past participle. 2) Usage including with time expressions like for, since, recently, ever, and adverbs. 3) The difference between the present perfect and simple past tenses. 4) The difference between the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Present Perfect (see also Inside Grammar from page 115 to page 128)

    FORM: subject+ has/have + past participle (verb + ed for regular verbs


    3rd column for irregular verbs)

    Examples: I have never been to the U.S.A.


    He has already talked to the teacher.

    Negative: We haven’t done our homework.


    He hasn’t talked to the teacher.

    Question: Have you done your homework yet?


    Has he talked to the teacher?

    REMEMBER THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN have been (= andato e tornato) AND


    have gone (= solo andato).
    Ex: Where’s John? He’s gone to the supermarket.
    Susan has been in London twice
    Usage

    • We use the present perfect to talk about experiences in general, or things that
    happened in an unspecified past or about actions that still have a relation with the
    present.

    • We use it with FOR and SINCE:


    I haven’t studied for three months
    I haven’t studied since June

    FOR indicates the duration of the action(for ten minutes, a couple of days, ten years, a
    while, a long time, ages…)
    SINCE indicates the momeent when the action started (since two o’clock, May, 1984, last
    Saturday…)

    We use it with the following adverbs:


    • Recently, lately.
    McEwan has recently written a new novel ( or He has written a new novel recently).

    • Ever, never: to talk about experiences in an unspecified time during our lives.
    Have you ever read any novel by McEwan?
    He has never tried fish and chips.
    • Just and already in positive sentences (between have and past participle):
    Example: I’ve just written an email. (=appena)
    He has already seen a doctor (=già)

    • Still in negative sentences to say that something hasn’t changed.


    POSITION: soon after the subject
    Example: I still haven’t found what I’m looking for. (= non ancora)

    • Not….yet: in negative sentences to say that something hasn’t happened but we


    think it will happen.
    POSITION: at the end of the sentence.
    Ex: We haven’t invited Susan yet (= non ancora)

    • Yet ? In questions to ask if something has already happened.


    Ex: Have you closed the door yet? (=già)

    SEE ALSO INSIDE GRAMMAR FROM PAGE 115 TO PAGE 130.


    Present Perfect vs Simple Past (see also Inside Grammar pages 130-133)

    PAST SIMPLE
    PRESENT PERFECT
    We use it to talk about events that
    We use it to talk about experiences happened in a specific time in the
    happened in an unspecified past or past and for actions that are finished.
    with unfinished actions.

    past
    past

    We use it with the following time expressions: We use it with the following time expressions:
    Ever, never, recently, lately, Yesterday, a week ago, last year, in 1984.
    Today, this week, this month,
    Just, already, still, yet In questions with when?

    In questions with how long…?


    Present perfect simple vs present perfect continuous
    (see also Inside Grammar pages 139-142)

    Present perfect simple Present perfect continuous

    • It tells us about the result of an • It tells us about the duration of the


    action. It’s also used when we talk action.
    about quantities.
    Ex: I started reading at 3 o’clock. I’ve
    Ex: I started reading at 3 o’clock. I have been reading for two hours!
    read 20 pages so far. Yesterday I started painting my
    Yesterday I started painting my house. I’ve been painting for a day!
    house. I’ve painted 3 rooms so far.
    Remember: we don’t use the continuous
    form with state verbs! (be, have, belong,
    need, want; believe, know, think,
    understand, imagine, remember, like,
    love, prefer; hear, taste, sound)

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