Department of Education

Division of City Schools-Makati

Makati Science High School
School Year 2016 – 2017

Name:___________________________Yr & Sec._____________Score: ____________

Chemistry of Gases
WORKSHEET 4.1
PROBLEM SET GAS LAWS

Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, Combined Gas Law,

Ideal Gas Law, Graham’s Law, Dalton’s Law and Avogadro’s Law

SUPER GAS LAW’S ULTIMATE REMINDER 244/244

Boyle’s Law Charles’ Law Guy-Lassac's Law Combined Gas Law

*For a given mass of gas *The volume of a fixed The pressure of a gas is Combines Boyle’s,
at constant temperature, mass of gas is directly directly proportional to Charles’, and the
the volume of a gas varies proportional to its Kelvin the Kelvin temperature if Temperature-Pressure
inversely with temperature if the the volume is kept relationship into one
pressure. pressure is kept constant. equation. Each of these
constant. laws can be derived from
this law.
PV = k V/T= k P/T= k PV/T= k
P 1V 1 = P 2V 2 V 1T 2 = V 2T 1 P 1T 2 = P 2T 1 V 1P 1T 2 = V 2P 2T 1
V 1/T 1=V 2/T 2 P 1/T 1 = P 2/T 2 P 1V 1/T 1 = P 2V 2/T 2
Dalton’s Law Ideal Gas Law Graham’s Law Avogadro’s Law
At constant volume and The Ideal Gas Law relates The rate of states that equal volumes
temperature, the total the effusion/diffusion of of different gases, at the
pressure pressure, temperature, two gases (A and B) are same temperature and
exerted by a mixture of volume, inversely pressure, contain the same
gases is and mass of a gas through proportional to the square number of moles of gas
equal to the sum of the the roots of their formula particles.
pressures gas constant “R”. masses. [It can be a ratio
exerted by each gas, of molecular speeds,
effusion /diffusion times,
distance
traveled by molecules, or
amount
of gas effused]

P total = P1 + P2 + P3 +...Pn PV = nRT

Abbreviations Standard Conditions

atm = atmosphere 0°C = 273 K
mm Hg = millimeters of mercury 1.00 atm = 760.0 mm Hg = 76 cm Hg =101.325
torr = another name for mm Hg kPa = 101, 325 Pa = 29.9 in Hg
Pa = Pascal kPa = kilopascal
K = Kelvin
°C = degrees Celsius
Conversions Gas Law’s Equation Symbols
K = °C + 273 Subscript (1) = old condition or initial condition
°F = 1.8°C + 32 Subscript (2) = new condition or final condition
°C = °F −32/1.8 Temperature must be in Kelvins
1 cm3 (cubic centimeter) = 1 mL (milliliter) n = number of moles = grams/Molar mass
1 dm3 (cubic decimeter) = 1 L (liter) = 1000 mL R = 8.31 L-kPa/ mol-K = 0.0821 L-atm/mol-K = 62.4 L-Torr/mol-K
You must have a common set of units in the problem

Let your gas law’s ultimate experience begin… 

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DIRECTION: Read the instructions carefully and show your solution to all
problems that requires computations. (3 points each)ERASURES NOT ALLOWED

I. BOYLE’S LAW (P1V1 = P2V2) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). A sample of gas collected in a
350 cm3 container exerts a pressure
of 103 kPa. What would be the volume P1V1 = P2V2
of this gas at 150 kPa of pressure? (103)(350) = (150)(V 2)
(Assume that the temperature remains constant.)
36, 050/150 = V2
V2 = 240 cm3

2). A sample of neon has a volume of

239 cm3 at 2.00 atm of pressure.
What would the pressure have to be in P1V1 = P2V2
order for the gas to have a volume of (2.00)(239) = (P2)(5.00x102)
5.00 x 102 cm3? 478/500 = P2
P2 = 0.956 atm

3). A gas occupies 12.3 liters at a

pressure of 40.0 mm Hg. What is the
volume when the pressure is increased P1V1 = P2V2
to 60.0 mm Hg? (40.0)(12.3) = (60)(V2)
492/60 = V2
V2 = 8.2 L

4). If a gas at 25.0 °C occupies 3.60

liters at a pressure of 1.00 atm,
what will be its volume at a pressure P1V1 = P2V2
of 2.50 atm? (1.00)(3.60) = (2.50)(V2)
3.6/2.50 = V2
V2 = 1.44 L

5). To what pressure must a gas be

compressed in order to get into a
3.00 cubic foot tank the entire P1V1 = P2V2
weight of a gas that occupies 400.0 (400.0)(1.00) = (P2)(3.00)
cu. ft. at standard pressure? 400/3.00 = P2
P2 = 133.33 atm

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6). 1.00 L of a gas at standard
temperature and pressure is
compressed to 473 mL. What is the new P1V1 = P2V2
pressure of the gas? (1)(1) = (P2)(.473)
1/.473 = P2
P2 = 2.11 atm

7). In a thermonuclear device, the

pressure of 0.050 L of gas within the
bomb casing reaches 4.0 x 106 atm. P1V1 = P2V2
When the bomb casing is destroyed by (4.0 x 106)(0.05) = (1)(V2)
the explosion, the gas is released 200,000/1 = V2
into the atmosphere where it reaches
a pressure of 1.00 atm. What is the V2 = 200,000 L
volume of the gas after the
explosion?
8). Synthetic diamonds can be
manufactured at pressures of 6.00 x
104 atm. If we took 2.00 liters of P1V1 = P2V2
gas at 1.00 atm and compressed it to (1.00)(2.00) = (6.00 x 10 4)(V2)
a pressure of 6.00 x 104 atm , what 2/6.00 x 104 = V2
would the volume of that gas be?
V2 = 3.3 x 10 -5 L

9). Submarines need to be extremely

strong to withstand the extremely high
pressure of water pushing down on them.
An experimental research submarine with a
P1V1 = P2V2
volume of 15,000 liters has an internal (1.2)(15,000) = (250)(V2)
pressure of 1.2 atm . If the pressure of 2/6.00 x 104 = V2
the ocean breaks the submarine forming a
bubble with a pressure of 250 atm V2 = 72 L
pushing on it, how big will that bubble
be?
10). Ammonia gas occupies a volume of
450 mL at a pressure of 720 mmHg.
What volume will occupy at STP? P1V1 = P2V2
(720)(450) = (760)(V2)
324,000/760 = V2
V2 = 426.32 mL

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II. CHARLES’S LAW (V1T2 = V2T1) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1).5.00 L of a gas is collected at
100 K and then allowed to expand to V1T2 = V2T1
20.0 L. What is the new temperature (5.00)(T2) = (20.0)(100)
in order to maintain the same
pressure (as required by Charles' T2 = 2,000/5.00
Law)? T2 = 400 K

2). A certain amount of gas occupies V1T2 = V2T1

a volume of 60 L at 300 K (60)(T2) = (100)(300)
temperature. Find the temperature of
the gas which has a volume of 100 L. T2 = 30,000/60
T2 = 500 K

3). Find the final volume of gas at

100 K, if the volume of gas is 5 L at V1T2 = V2T1
120 K. (5)(100) = (V2)(120)
V2 = 500/120
V2 = 4.166/4.17 L

4). Calculate the decrease in

temperature when 2.00 L at 20.0 °C is V1T2 = V2T1
compressed to 1.00 L. (2)(T2) = (1)(293)
T2 = 293/2
T2 = 146.5/147 K

5). 600.0 mL of air is at 20.0 °C. V1T2 = V2T1

What is the volume at 60.0 °C? (600.0)(333) = (V2)(293)
V2 = 199,800/293
V2 = 681.91/682 mL

6). The temperature inside my

refrigerator is about 40°C. If I V1T2 = V2T1
place a balloon in my fridge that (0.5)(313) = (V2)(493)
initially has a temperature of 220°C
and a volume of 0.5 liters, what will V2 = 156.5/493
be the volume of the balloon when it V2 = 0.317/0.32 L
is fully cooled by my refrigerator?

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7). A man heats a balloon in the
oven. If the balloon initially has a V1T2 = V2T1
volume of 0.4 liters and a (0.4)(523) = (V2)(293)
temperature of 200C, what will the V2 = 209.2/293
volume of the balloon be after he
heats it to a temperature of 250 0C?
V2 = 0.71 L

8). On hot days, you may have noticed

that potato chip bags seem to
“inflate”, even though they have not V1T2 = V2T1
been opened. If I have a 250 mL bag (250)(873) = (V2)(292)
at a temperature of 190C, and I leave V2 = 218,250/292
it in my car, which has a temperature
of 6000C, what will the new volume of
V2 = 747.4 mL
the bag be?
9). A soda bottle is flexible enough
that the volume of the bottle can V1T2 = V2T1
change even without opening it. If (2)(269) = (V2)(298)
you have an empty soda bottle (volume
of 2 L) at room temperature (25 0C), V2 = 538/298
what will the new volume be if you V2 = 1.805/1.81 L
put it in your freezer (-40C)?

10). If 15.0 L of neon at 25.0°C is

allowed to expand to 45.0 L, what is V1T2 = V2T1
the new temperature? (15.0)(T2) = (45.0)(298)
T2 = 13.410/15.0
T2 = 894 K

III. GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW (P1T2 = P2T1) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). If a gas is cooled from 323.0 K
to 273.15 K and the volume is kept
constant what final pressure would P1T2 = P2T1
result if the original pressure was (P1)(273.15) = (750.0)(323.0)
750.0 mm Hg? P1 = 204,863/323.0
P1 = 634.249/634.25 mmHg

2). If a gas in a closed container is

pressurized from 15.0 atmospheres to
16.0 atmospheres and its original P1T2 = P2T1
temperature was 25.0 °C, what would (15.0)(T2) = (16.0)(298)
the final temperature of the gas be? T2 = 4,768/15.0
T2 = 317.86/318 K

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3). A 30.0 L sample of nitrogen
inside a rigid, metal container at
20.0 °C is placed inside an oven P1T2 = P2T1
whose temperature is 50.0 °C. The (3.00)(323) = (P2)(293)
pressure inside the container at 20.0 P2 = 969/293
°C was at 3.00 atm. What is the
pressure of the nitrogen after its
P2 = 3.307/3.31 atm
temperature is increased?
4). Determine the pressure change
when a constant volume of gas at 1.00
atm is heated from 20.0 °C to 30.0 P1T2 = P2T1
°C. (1.00)(303) = (P2)(293)
P2 = 303/293
P2 = 1.03 atm

5). A gas has a pressure of 0.370 atm

at 50.0 °C. What is the pressure at
standard temperature? P1T2 = P2T1
(0.370)(273) = (P2)(323)
P2 = 101/323
P2 = 0.3127/0.313 atm

6). Determine the pressure change

when constant volume of gas at 1.00
atm is heated from 20.0°C to 30.0°C. P1T2 = P2T1
(1.00)(303) = (P2)(293)
P2 = 303/293
P2 = 1.03 atm

7). If a gas is cooled from 323.0K to

273.15K and the volume is kept
constant what final pressure would P1T2 = P2T1
result if the original pressure was (750)(273.15) = (P2)(323.0)
750 mmHg? P2 = 204,863/323
P2 = 634.2 mmHg

8). If a gas in a closed container is

pressurized from 15.0 atm to 16.0 atm
and its equal temperature was 25.0°C, P1T2 = P2T1
what would the final temperature of (15.0)(T2) = (16.0)(298)
the gas? T2 = 4,768/15.0
T2 = 317.86/318 K

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9). A gas has a pressure of 699.0 mm
Hg at 40.0°C. What is the temperature
at 101.325 Kpa? P1T2 = P2T1
(699.0/760(101.325)(T2 ) = (101.325)(313)
(6.89859)(T2) = (101.325)(313)
T2 = 31,715/93.192
T2 = 340.3 K
10). The temperature of a sample of
gas in a steel container at 30.0 kPa
is increased from (-100°C). What is P1T2 = P2T1
the final pressure inside the tank at (30.0)(273.15) = (P2)(173)
STP? P2 = 8,195/173
P2 = 47.367 kPa

IV. COMBINED GAS LAW (P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). A gas has a volume of 800.0 mL at
minus 23.00 °C and 300.0 torr. What
would the volume of the gas be at P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
227.0 °C and 600.0 torr of pressure? V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1

[(300)(800)(500)]/[(600)(250)]
V2 = 800 mL
2). 500.0 liters of a gas are
prepared at 700.0 mm Hg and 200.0 °C.
The gas is placed into a tank under P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
high pressure. When the tank cools to V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1
20.0 °C, the pressure of the gas is
30.0 atm. What is the volume of the
[(700/1)(500)(293)]/[(30)(473)]
gas?
V2 = 9.51 L
3). What is the final volume of a
400.0 mL gas sample that is subjected
to a temperature change from 22.0 °C P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
to 30.0 °C and a pressure change from V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1
760.0 mm Hg to 360.0 mm Hg?
[(760)(400)(303)]/[(360)(295)]
V2 = 867.3 mL
4). The volume of a sample of helium
increases from 5 L to 25 L and its
temperature drops from 2000 K to 1750 P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
K. If the initial pressure is 1500 mm P2 = P1V1T2/V2T1
Hg, what is the final pressure?
[(1500)(5)(1750)]/[(25)(2000)]
P2 = 262.5 mmHg

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5). At conditions of 785.0 torr of
pressure and 15.0 °C temperature, a P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
gas occupies a volume of 45.5 mL.
What will be the volume of the same V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1
gas at 745.0 torr and 30.0 °C?
[(785)(45.5)(303)]/[(745)(288)]
V2 = 50.44 mL
6). A gas occupies a volume of 34.2
mL at a temperature of 15.0 °C and a
pressure of 800.0 torr. What will be P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
the volume of this gas at standard V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1
conditions?
[(800/760)(34.2)(273)]/[(760)(288)]
V2 = 34.13 mL
7). The pressure of a gas changes
from 120 kPa to 50 kPa. The volume
changes from 45 L to 40 L. If the P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
initial temperature is 81o C, what is T2 = P2V2T1/P1V1
the final temperature in oC?
[(120)(40)(354)]/[(50)(45)]
T2 = 131 – 273 = -142˚C
8). A sample of nitrogen goes from 21
m3 to 14 m3 and its pressure increases
from 100 kPa to 150 kPa. The final P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
temperature is 300 K. What was the T1 = P1V1T2/P2V2
initial temperature in Kelvin?
[(100)(21)(300)]/[(150)(14)]
T1 = 300 K
9). A sample of argon goes from 500 K
to 350 K and its pressure changes
from 280 kPa to 380 kPa. If the P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
initial volume is 18 dm3 (this is a V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1
volume unit), what is the final
volume? [(280)(18)(350)]/[(380)(500)]
V2 = 9.28/9.3 dm 3
10). The temperature of a gas
increases from 212oC to 380oC. The
volume goes from 30 dm3 to 18 dm3 . If P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
the final pressure is 1.85 atm, what P1 = P2V2T1/V1T2
was the initial pressure?
[(1.85)(18)(485)]/[(30)(653)]
P1 = .82 atm

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V. IDEAL GAS LAW (PV = nRT) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). Determine the volume of occupied
by 2.34 grams of carbon dioxide gas PV = nRT
at STP. V = nRT/P

= (0.0532)(0.08206)(273)/1atm
V = 1.192 L
2). A sample of argon gas at STP
occupies 56.2 liters. Determine the PV = nRT
number of moles of argon and the mass
n = PV/RT
in the sample.

= (1.00atm)(56.2)/(0.08206)(273)
n = (2.50866 mol)(39.948g/mol)
x = 100 g Argon gas
3). At what temperature will 0.654
moles of neon gas occupy 12.30 liters PV = nRT
at 1.95 atmospheres?
T = PV/nR

= (1.95atm)(12.30)/(0.654)(0.08206)
T = 447 K
4). 96.0 g. of a gas occupies 48.0 L
at 700.0 mm Hg and 20.0 °C. What is PV = nRT
its molecular weight? n = PV/RT (m)

= (700/760)(48.0)/(0.08206)(293)
n = (1.8388 mol)
x = 96.0 g/1.8388 mol
x = 52.17/52.2 g/mol
5). 20.83 g. of a gas occupies 4.167
L at 79.97 kPa at 30.0°C. What is its PV = nRT
molecular weight? n = PV/RT (m)

= (79.97/101.325)(4.167)/(0.08206)(303)
n = 0.13227 mol
x = 20.83 g/0.13227 mol
x = 157.5 g/mol
6). If 3.7 moles of propane are at a
temperature of 28°C and are under PV = nRT
154.2 kPa of pressure, what volume
V = nRT/P
does the sample occupy?

= (3.7)(8.31)(301)/154.2
V = 60.018/60.02 L

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7). A sample of carbon monoxide at
57°C and under 0.67 atm of pressure PV = nRT
takes up 85.3 L of space. What mass
n = PV/RT (m) or MVP = mRT
of carbon monoxide is present in the
sample?
= (28)(85.3)(0.067)=(x)(0.08206)(330)
x = 59 g
8). At (-45°C), 71 g of fluorine gas
take up 6843 mL space. What is the PV = nRT
pressure of the gas, in kPa?
P = nRT/V or MVP = mRT

= (38)(6.843)(x)=(71)(8.31)(228)
x = 517.6 kPa
9). At 971 mm Hg, 145g of carbon
dioxide have a volume of 34.13 dm 3. PV = nRT
What is the temperature of the
T = PV/nR or MVP = mRT
sample, in °C?
= (44)(34.13)(971)=(145)(62.4)(x)
T = 161 K – 273 = -112˚C
10). At 137°C and under a pressure of
3.11 atm, a 276g sample of an unknown PV = nRT
noble gas occupies 13.46 L of space.
MVP = mRT
What is the gas
= (x)(13.46)(3.11)=(276)(0.08206)(410)
x = 222g/mol Rn = Radon gas

VI. GRAHAM’S LAW OF DIFFUSION & EFFUSION 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). A sample of hydrogen gas effuses
through a porous container about 9
times faster than an unknown gas. Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
Estimate the molar mass of the
unknown gas.
9/1 = √x / √2.02 g/mol

= 163.62 g/mol

2). Compare the rate of effusion of

carbon dioxide with that of hydrogen
chloride at the same temperature and Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
pressure.
Rate CO 2/Rate HCl = √36.46/√44.01

= 0.91

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3). If a molecule of neon gas travels
at an average rate of 400 ms at a
given temperature, estimate the Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
average rate of a molecule of butane,
C4H10 at the same temperature. 400 m/s/Eff.C 4H10 = √58.14/√20.18

= 235.66 m/s

4). What is the ratio of the average

rate of hydrogen gas to that of neon
gas at the same temperature and Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
pressure?
Eff H2/Eff Ne = √20.18/√2.02

= 1:3.16

5). At a certain temperature and

pressure, chlorine gas has an average
rate of 0.0380 m/s. What is the Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
average rate of sulfur dioxide gas?
0.0380 m/s/Eff.O 2 = √64.06/√70.9

= 0.040 m/s

6). Compare the rate of effusion of

hydrogen sulfide with that of
dinitrogen trioxide. Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2

Eff H 2S/Eff N 2O3 = √76.02/√34.08

= 1.49

7). If a nitrogen molecule effuses at

a velocity of 535 m/s, how fast does
an oxygen molecule effuse? Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2

535 m/s/Eff.O 2 = √32.0/√28.02

= 500.63 m/s

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8). Molecular flourine effuses about
27 times faster than unknown gas.
Estimate the molar mass of the Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
unknown gas.
27/1 = √x/√38 g/mol

= 27702 g/mol

9). How many times greater is the

rate of effusion of chorine gas that
of iodine gas at the same temperature Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
and pressure?
Eff Cl 2/Eff I 2 = √253.8/√70.9

= 1.89

10). If a methane (CH4) molecule

travels at 675 m/s from a gas jet,
how fast would a propane (C3H8) Rate 1 / Rate 2 = √mass 2 / √mass 2
molecule will travel?
675 m/s/Eff.C3H8 = √44.11/√16.05

= 407.14 m/s

VII. DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURE (PT = P1 + P2 + P3 …Pn) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). 80.0 liters of oxygen is colected
over water at 50.0°C. The total PT = P1 + P2 + P3 …Pn
pressure in the room is 96.00 kPa. P˚O2 = Ptotal – Vapor Pressure H2O
What is the partial pressure of the
oxygen? (Water vapor pressure is 96.00 kPa – 12.34 kPa
12.34 kPa)

P˚O2 = 83.67 kPa

2). A container with two gases,
helium and argon, is 30.0% by volume PT = P1 + P2 + P3 …Pn
helium. Calculate the partial
pressure of helium and argon if the P˚He = 0.300 x 4.00 = 1.20 atm
total pressure inside the container
is 4.00 atm. P˚Ar = 4.00 - 1.20 = 2.8 atm

P˚He & Ar = 1.20 and 2.8 atm

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3). If 60.0 L of nitrogen is
collected over water at 40.0°C when HOORAY FOR THIS ITEM IS BONUS!
the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 mm (Insufficient Data Given)
Hg, what is the partial pressure of
the nitrogen? (Water vapor pressure PT = P1 + P2 + P3 …Pn
is 55.4 mmHg) P˚N2 = Ptotal – Vapor Pressure H2O

760.0 mmHg – 55.4 mmHg

P˚N2 = 704.6 mmHg

4). A tank contains 480.0 grams of
oxygen and 80.00 grams of helium at a SOLUTION:
total pressure of 7.00 atmospheres.
Calculate the following. a) 480.0 g O2/32.0 g/mol = 15 moles
b) 80.00 g He/4.00 g/mol = 20 moles
a) How many moles of O2 are in the tank? c) 15 moles + 20 moles = 35 moles
b) How many moles of He are in the tank? d) 15.0 moles O2/35.0 moles = 0.43
c) Total moles of gas in tank. e) 20.0 moles He/35.0 moles = 0.57
d) Mole fraction of O2. f) 7.00 atm x 0.4286 = 3.0
e) Mole fraction of He. g) 7.00 atm x 0.05714 = 3.99 or 4
f) Partial pressure of O2.
g) Partial pressure of He.
5). The partial pressure of helium
(PHe) is 13.5 kPa in a mixture of SOLUTION:
helium, oxygen and methane
(CH4)gases. If the total pressure (PT) 75 KPa = 13.5 kPa + 27.4 kPa + X
of the mixture is 75 kPa and the = 75 – 40
partial pressure of the oxygen (PO) PCH4 = 34.1 kPa
is 27.4 kPa, what is the partial
pressure of methane (PCH4)?
6). Determine the total pressure of a
gas mixture that contains oxygen, PTOTAL = P1 + P2 + P3 …Pn
nitrogen, and helium i f the partial
pressures of the gasses are: PO = 150 150 mmHg + 350 mmHg + 200 mmHg
mmHg; PN = 350 mmHg; and PHe = 200
mmHg
PTOTAL = 700 mmHg
7). A gas mixture containing oxygen,
nitrogen, and carbon dioxide has a SOLUTION:
pressure of 250 mmHg. If the partial
pressure of oxygen is 175 mmHg and 250 mmHg = 175 mmHg + 50 mmHg + X
the partial pressure of the nitrogen = 250 – 225
is 50 mmHg, what is the partial PCO2 = 25 mmHg
pressure of the carbon dioxide in
mmHg?
8). If 60.0 L of nitrogen is
collected over water at 40.0°C when Let’s Go Get Rid of 2Big! :P
the total pressure is 760.0 mmHg,
what is the partial pressure of the PDRY = PTOTAL – PH2O
nitrogen? (Water vapor pressure is = 760 mmHg – 55.4 mmHg
55.4 mmHg)
PDRY = 704 mmHg
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9). If H2 is collected over water at
22°C and an atmospheric pressure of
100.8 kPa, what is the partial
pressure of H2 when the water level Let’s Go Get Rid of 2Big Again! :P
inside the gas bottle is equal to the
water level outside the bottle? Use PDRY = PTOTAL – PH2O
the table to find the Pwater.
= 100.8 kPa – 2.64 kPa
Temperature Water Vapor
Pressure PDRY = 98.16 kPa
20°C 2.34 kPa
21°C 2.49 kPa
22°C 2.64 kPa
25°C 3.17 kPa
10). Air contains oxygen, nitrogen,
carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of SOLUTION: ( 1 atm = 760 mmHg)
other gases. What is the partial
pressure of oxygen at 1 atm of 760 mmHg = X + 593.4 + 0.3 + 7.1
pressure if the partial pressure of = 760 – 600.8
nitrogen is 593.4 mmHg, the partial
pressure of carbon dioxide is 0.3
mmHg, and the partial pressures of PO2 = 159.2 mmHg
all the other gases is 7.1 mmHg?

VIII. AVOGADRO’S LAW (V1n2 = V2n1) 30/30

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1). 5.00 L of a gas is known to
contain 0.965 mol. If the amount of V1n2 = V2n1
gas is increased to 1.80 mol, what
new volume will result (at an (5.00 L)(1.80 mol) = (x) (0.965 mol)
unchanged temperature and pressure)?
V2 = 9.326/9.33 L
2). A cylinder with a movable piston SOLUTION:
contains 2.00 g of helium, He, at
room temperature. More helium was 1. Get the mole of He
added to the cylinder and the volume 2.00 g/4.00 g/mol = 0.500 mol
was adjusted so that the gas pressure 2. Use Avogadro’s Law
remained the same. How many grams of V1n2 = V2n1
helium were added to the cylinder if (2.00 L)(0.500 mol) = (2.70 L)(x)
the volume was changed from 2.00 L to n1 = 0.675 mol
2.70 L? (The temperature was held 3. Compute the grams of He
constant.) = 0.675 mol – 0.500 mol = 0.175 mol
= (0.175 mol)(4.00 g/mol)

Mass of He = 0.7 grams He

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3). If 0.50 mol of oxygen occupies a
volume of 7.20 L at STP, what volume V1n2 = V2n1
does 1.5 moles of O2 occupy at STP?
(7.20 L)(1.5 mol) = (x)(0.5 mol)

V2 = 21.6 L
4). If 3.25 mole of argon gas
occupies a volume of 1.00 L at STP, V1n2 = V2n1
what volume does 14.15 mol of argon
occupy? (1.00 L)(14.15 mol) = (x)(3.25 mol)

V2 = 4.35 L
5). If 12.40 mol of CO2 occupies a
volume of 96.8 L, how many moles V1n2 = V2n1
occupy 72.6 L?
(96.8 L)(x) = (72.6 L)(12.40 mol)

n2 = 9.30 moles
6). If 0.40 g of Helium has a volume SOLUTION:
of 6.2 L, how many grams of helium
would occupy 15.5 L? 1. Get the mole of He
0.40 g/4 g/mol = .1 mol
2. Use Avogadro’s Law
V1n2 = V2n1

(6.2 L)(x) = (15.5 L)(.1 mol)

n2 = 0.25 mol x 4 = 1 gram

7). If 14.0 g of nitrogen occupies a SOLUTION:
volume of 16.8 L, what volume will
49.0 g of nitrogen have? 1. Get the mole of N2
n1 = 14.0 g/28 g/mol = 0.5 mol
n2 = 49.0 g/28 g/mol = 1.75 mol
2. Use Avogadro’s Law
V1n2 = V2n1

(16.8 L)(1.75 moles) = (x)(0.5 mol)

V2 = 58.8 L

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8). 11.2 L sample of gas is
determined to contain 0.5 moles of
bromine. At the same temperature and V1n2 = V2n1
pressure, how many moles of gas would
there be in a 20 L sample? (11.2 L)(x) = (20 L)(0.5 mol)

n2 = 0.89 mol

9). If 25 mL of NO2 gas is completely SOLUTION:

converted to N2O4 gas, under the same
conditions, what volume will the N 2O4 1. Get the mole of NO2
occupy? n1 = 25 g/46 g/mol = 0.543 mol
2. Get the mole of N2O4
n2 = 25 g/92 g/mol = 0.272 mol
3. Use Avogadro’s Law
V1n2 = V2n1

(25 mL)(0.272 mol) = (x)(0.543 mol)

V2 = 12.52 mL
10). Ammonia is manufactured for
fertilizer. The truck hauling the
ammonia can hold 450 kiloliters of V1n2 = V2n1
the gas, which is 20 moles. If a
buyer only needs to purchase 225 (450 kL)(x) = (225 kL)(20 moles)
kiloliters of the gas, how many
moles is the buyer receiving? n2 = 10 moles

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