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Matlab Code

The document contains code to analyze and plot various discrete time signals including unit step signals, sinusoidal signals, exponential signals, and ramp signals. It uses stem plots in subplots to visualize the different signals. It also contains code for analyzing difference equations and calculating normalized correlation between signals.

Uploaded by

Vishal Khode
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
132 views

Matlab Code

The document contains code to analyze and plot various discrete time signals including unit step signals, sinusoidal signals, exponential signals, and ramp signals. It uses stem plots in subplots to visualize the different signals. It also contains code for analyzing difference equations and calculating normalized correlation between signals.

Uploaded by

Vishal Khode
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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%Program for various discrete time signals

%Aim :- Use of stem for plotting discrete time signals


U=ones(1,21);
n=21;
subplot(3,2,1)
stem(U);
xlabel('X');
ylabel('Y');
title('Unit step signal');
%--------------------------------------------------------------
subplot(3,2,2);
for p=1:1:21 % Run a loop until it encounters an end
command.
x1(p)=sin(0.02*pi*p)+sin(0.03*pi*p); % Defines the signal
end

stem(x1);
xlabel('X');

%--------------------------------------------------------------
subplot(3,2,3)
for p=1:1:21

x2(p)=.8^p;

end
stem(x2);
%--------------------------------------------------------------

for p=1:1:21

x3(p)=1.2^p;

end
subplot(3,2,4)
stem(x3);
xlabel('n');
title('Exponential signal for a>1');
%--------------------------------------------------------------

subplot(3,2,5);
for p=1:1:21

x4(p)= p;

end
stem(x4);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x4');
title('Ramp Signal');
%--------------------------------------------------------------
subplot(3,2,3);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x2');
title('Exponential signal for a<1');
ylabel('x2');
%--------------------------------------------------------------

subplot(3,2,2);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x1(n)');
title('Sinosoidal Signal');

%--------------------------------------------------------------

subplot(3,2,1);
xlabel('n');

%--------------------------------------------------------------
subplot(3,2,6);
for p=1:1:21
x5(p)=sin(0.03*pi*p)+cos(0.97*pi*p); % Defines the signal
end

stem(x5);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x5(n)');

title('x5(p)=sin(0.03*pi*p)+cos(0.97*pi*p)');

Output:
Unit step signal Sinosoidal Signal
1 2

0.5 1

x1(n)
Y

0 0
0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30
n n
Exponential signal for a<1 Exponential signal for a>1
1 50

0.5
x2

0 0
0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30
n n
Ramp Signal x5(p)=sin(0.03*pi*p)+cos(0.97*pi*p)
40 2

20 0
x5(n)
x4

0 -2
0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30
n n

%Program for Difference Equation


%Taking the value of order
order=input('Please input the order of the equation');

for n=1:1:order
a(n)= input('Enter the value of co-efficient a(n)');
end

numinput=input('Please input the number of x(n) values provided:');

for n=1:1:numinput
b(n)=input('Enter the values of co-efficient b(n)');
end

for n=1:1:numinput
x(n+order)=input('Enter the values of input function x(n):');
end

for n=1:1:order
y(n)=input('Enter the values of output function y(n):');
end

for n=1:1:numinput
y(n+order)= 0

for k=1:1:order
y(n+order)=(y(n+order))- (a(k)*y(n+order-k));
end

for k=1:1:numinput
if(n+order-k>0)
y(n+order)=(y(n+order))+ (b(k)*x(n+order+1-k));
end
end
end

%Displaying the result

disp('x(n)');
disp(x);
disp('y(n)');
disp(y);

Output :

Please input the order of the equation5


Enter the value of co-efficient a(n)1
Enter the value of co-efficient a(n)2
Enter the value of co-efficient a(n)1
Enter the value of co-efficient a(n)3
Enter the value of co-efficient a(n)5
Please input the number of x(n) values provided:2
Enter the values of co-efficient b(n)3
Enter the values of co-efficient b(n)2
Enter the values of input function x(n):5
Enter the values of input function x(n):2
Enter the values of output function y(n):2
Enter the values of output function y(n):2
Enter the values of output function y(n):3
Enter the values of output function y(n):3
Enter the values of output function y(n):3

y =

2 2 3 3 3 0

y =

2 2 3 3 3 -13 0

x(n)
0 0 0 0 0 5 2

y(n)
2 2 3 3 3 -13 1

%Program for Normalized correlation

% Taking the left and Right limit values of x(n) and y(n)

xmin = input('Enter value of minimum index of x(n):');


xmax = input('Enter value of minimum index of x(n):');
ymin = input('Enter value of minimum index of y(n):');
ymax = input('Enter value of minimum index of y(n):');

% Taking the Left and Right limit values for various co-relation
functions

rxymin=xmin-ymax;
rxymax=xmax-ymin;

rxxmin=xmin-xmax;
rxxmax=xmax-xmin;

ryymin=ymin-ymax;
ryymax=ymax-ymin;

ryxmin=ymin-xmax;
ryxmax=ymax-xmin;

%calculate a shifting factor to shift y axis to the left to make sure


all
%left limits are positive.

sf=abs(min(min(rxxmin,ryymin),min(ryxmin,rxymin)))+1;

%Shifting y axis to the left by shifting factor.

xmin=xmin+sf;
ymin=ymin+sf;
xmax=xmax+sf;
ymax=ymax+sf;

rxymin=rxymin+sf;
rxymax=rxymax+sf;
rxxmin=rxxmin+sf;
rxxmax=rxxmax+sf;
ryymin=ryymin+sf;
ryymax=ryymax+sf;
ryxmin=ryxmin+sf;
ryxmax=ryxmax+sf;

pxymin=rxymin;
pxymax=rxymax;

%Enter the values for x(n) and y(n)

for n=xmin:1:xmax

x(n)= input('Enter the values for x(n)');


end

for n=ymin:1:ymax
y(n)= input('Enter the values for y(n)');
end
%Calculation various co-relation functions

for l=rxymin:1:rxymax
rxy(1)=0;

for n=xmin:1:xmax
h=n-1+sf;
if(n>=xmin && n<=xmax && h>=ymin && h<=ymax)
rxy(1)=rxy(1)+(x(n)*y(h));
end
end
end

for l=ryxmin:1:ryxmax
ryx(1)=0;

for n=ymin:1:ymax
h=n-1+sf;
if(n>=ymin && n<=ymax && h>=xmin && h<=xmax)
ryx(1)=ryx(1)+(y(n)*x(h));
end
end
end

for l=rxymin:1:rxymax
ryx2(1)=0;
for n=xmin:1:xmax
h=n+1-sf;
if(n>=ymin && n<=ymax && h>=xmin && h<=xmax)
ryx2(1)=ryx2(l)+(y(n)*x(h));
end
end
end

disp(ryx2);

for l=rxxmin:1:rxxmax
rxx(1)=0;
for n=xmin:1:xmax
h=n-1+sf;
if(n>=xmin && n<=xmax && h>=xmin && h<=xmax)
rxx(1)=rxx(1)+(x(n)*x(h));
end
end
end

for l=ryymin:1:ryymax
ryy(1)=0;
for n=ymin:1:ymax
h=n-1+sf;
if(n>=ymin && n<=ymax && h>=ymin && h<=ymax)
ryy(1)=ryy(1)+(y(n)*y(h));
end
end
end

% Calculatin of normalised co-relation function

for l=pxymin:1:pxymax
pxy(1)=(rxy(1))/(sqrt(rxx(sf)*ryy(sf)));
end

% Displaying various outputs

disp('x(n)');
disp(x);
disp('y(n)');
disp(y);
disp('rxx(1)');
disp(rxx);
disp('ryy(1)');
disp(ryy);
disp('ryx(1)');
disp(ryx);
disp('rxy(1)');
disp(rxy);
disp('ryx2(1)=ryx(-1)=rxy(1)');
disp(ryx2);
disp('Normalized co-relation Pxy(1)=');
disp(pxy);

Output:

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