TELEOLOHIKAL HEYOGRAPIKAL SOSYOLOHIKAL

TEORYA SA
MGA PANANAW SA KONSEPTO NG
KASAYSAYAN DAKILANG
PINUNO
IDEYALISMO NI TEORYA NG TEORYA NG
HEGEL MARKSISTA AKSIDENTE
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan
ng mga naunang plano ng
Maykapal.

ST. AUGUSTINE EUSEBIUS

BOSSUET FROISSART

NEIBUHR PARIS
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
ST. AUGUSTINE

Conceives History in strictly linear

terms, with beginning and an end.
Birth- Crucifixion-2nd coming-Damnation
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
ST. AUGUSTINE
“The onward march of human
history, then constitutes the
unfolding of the divine plan which
will culminate in one or the other
outcome for every member of the
human family.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
JACQUES-BENIGNE BOSSUET French Bishop
“Humanity is governed by
Providence of God”
Strong advocate of Political
Absolutism and Divine Right
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
JACQUES-BENIGNE BOSSUET French Bishop

Providential view and depicting

the Roman Catholic Church as
chosen agent of God’s will.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
REINOLD NIEBUHR American Theologian

“History is the record of these crises

and judgements which man brings
to himself; and proof that God does
not allow man to overstep his
possibilities.”
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
REINHOLD NIEBUHR ORIGINAL SIN
Focused on own
Adam’s
goodness and
disobedience to
leaps to the
God by eating
false conclusion/
the forbidden
Promethean
fruit
Illusion
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
REINHOLD NIEBUHR He can achieve
goodness on his own

Gets frustrated with natural limitation

Lust for power which destroys him

and his whole world.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
EUSEBIUS OF CAESARIA “Father of Church History”
Linear – Providential/ Apocalyptic
Christian Emperor appears as God’s
Representative on earth armed with
Divine armor, cleans the world from
horde of godless, strong-voiced
heralds of undeceiving fear of God.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
MATTHEW PARIS Benedictine Monk and St. Alban
Abbey’s Historian

Chronica Majora – annals from

creation of world to year 1253.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
MATTHEW PARIS Benedictine Monk and St. Alban
Abbey’s Historian
History was a matter of moral
instruction and a means to
provide guidance to the earthly
and celestial well-being of
God’s People.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
MATTHEW PARIS As a Historian:

Language is lively, colorful, love

using similes and metaphors
and uses visual stimulating
sentences.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
MATTHEW PARIS As a Historian:

Noteworthy for his detailed

information from letters of
important people and
conversation of eyewitness of
events.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
JEAN FROISSART French Priest and Court Historian
The Chronicles
Most important and detailed
document of feudal times in
Europe and the best
contemporary exposition of
chivalric and courtly ideals.
TELEOLOHIKAL Ang kasaysayan ay katuparan ng
mga naunang plano ng Maykapal.
JEAN FROISSART French Priest and Court Historian
Traveller Historian
Interview central forces and
exact dialogues were written
allowing the readers to make
own conclusions.
HEYOGRAPIKAL Ang mga pagbabagong
pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto
sa pagbabagong panlipunan

FERNAND BRAUDEL ALBERT DEMANGEON

VIDAL DE BLACHE
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
FERNAND BRAUDEL Geo-history

Landscape has important

part to play in History.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
FERNAND BRAUDEL Longee Duree Approach
Stress the slow and often
imperceptible effects of
space, climate and
technology on the actions of
human beings in the past.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
FERNAND BRAUDEL New form of History – study of
ordinary people and hallowed
trio of politics, diplomacy and
wars with inquiries into climate,
demography, etc., instead of
study of leaders.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
VIDAL DE BLACHE Genre de vie / Kind of Life
Belief that lifestyle of a particular
region reflects the economic,
social, ideological and
psychological identities
imprinted on the landscape.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
VIDAL DE BLACHE POSSIBILISM
Theory that physical environment
is passive and mankind is active
and has the choices between a
wide range of environmental
possibilities.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
VIDAL DE BLACHE POSSIBILISM
While the environment sets
constraints/limitations, culture
otherwise determined by social
conditions.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
VIDAL DE BLACHE POSSIBILISM
Human can overcome
environmental limitations placed
upon them and choose how to
react on it because they can’t
change the environment.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
ALBERT DEMANGEON
“To explain the geographical
phenomenon of which man has been
the witness or contriver, it is
necessary to study their evolution in
the past with the aid of documents.”
(1906)
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
ALBERT DEMANGEON
PRINCIPLES FOR HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
❑ It should avoid determinism.
Causes are always complex and
involve human initiative and choice.
 Ang mga pagbabagong
HEYOGRAPIKAL pangheograpiya ay nakakaapekto sa
pagbabagong panlipunan
ALBERT DEMANGEON
PRINCIPLES FOR HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
❑ It should be based upon a territorial
unit. To understand and describe
regional units is one of the main
objectives of geographical study.
SOSYOLOHIKAL/ Pagtingin sa mga sanhi at epekto
SANHI AT ng buhay sa grupo ng tao.
EPEKTO

ARNOLD TOYNBEE THUCYDIDES

SOSYOLOHIKAL/
Pagtingin sa mga sanhi at epekto
SANHI AT EPEKTO
ng buhay sa grupo ng tao.
ARNOLD TOYNBEE Challenge and Response
Theory.
“A Study of History”
Rise and Fall of civilizations with fate
determined by their response to the
challenges facing them.
SOSYOLOHIKAL/
Pagtingin sa mga sanhi at epekto
SANHI AT EPEKTO
ng buhay sa grupo ng tao.
THUCYDIDES Father of Scientific History

Strict standards of impartiality and

evidence-gathering and analysis of
cause and effect without reference
to intervention by the deities.
SOSYOLOHIKAL/
Pagtingin sa mga sanhi at epekto
SANHI AT EPEKTO
ng buhay sa grupo ng tao.
THUCYDIDES Father of Scientific History
❑ Emphasized factual accuracy and
objectivity on his own historical
writings.
❑ Does not acknowledge divine
intervention in human affairs unlike
Herodotus.
SOSYOLOHIKAL/
Pagtingin sa mga sanhi at epekto
SANHI AT EPEKTO
ng buhay sa grupo ng tao.
THUCYDIDES Father of Scientific History
❑ Earliest forms of serious, historical
research and facts through
eyewitness testimony.
❑ Literary reconstructions rather than
actual quotation of what was said.
TEORYA NG Umiinog ang Kasaysayan kasabay
MARKSISTA ng patuloy na pagbabago sa
sistema ng produksiyon

KARL MARX FRIEDRICH ENGELS

TEORYA NG
Umiinog ang Kasaysayan kasabay ng patuloy
MARKSISTA na pagbabago sa sistema ng produksiyon

KARL MARX
“History is about class
struggles of existing society.”
TEORYA NG
Umiinog ang Kasaysayan kasabay ng patuloy
MARKSISTA na pagbabago sa sistema ng produksiyon

KARL MARX Historical Materialism

History is the result of material
conditions rather than roles – focuses
on human societies and their
development
Reality over ideas.
TEORYA NG
Umiinog ang Kasaysayan kasabay ng patuloy
MARKSISTA na pagbabago sa sistema ng produksiyon
Historical Materialism
KARL MARX Development of Society is shown
through mode of production.
Productive Social and technical
forces relations of production
Tools, labor, Property, power and
machines, etc. control, relationships
TEORYA NG
Umiinog ang Kasaysayan kasabay ng patuloy
MARKSISTA na pagbabago sa sistema ng produksiyon
Historical Materialism
KARL MARX Development of Society is shown
through mode of production.
Feudal mode Socialist and
of Capitalist Classless
production Society
TEORYA NG
Umiinog ang Kasaysayan kasabay ng patuloy
MARKSISTA na pagbabago sa sistema ng produksiyon

FRIEDRICH ENGELS The Condition of the

Working Class in England
The employment and living conditions
that factory workers had to endure.

Elimination of private property.

 Ang mga pangyayari sa
TEORYA NG kasaysayan ay maiuugat sa
AKSIDENTE mga pagkakataon na hindi
inaasahan.
IDEYALISMO
Bawat mahalagang pangyayari sa
NI HEGEL
Kasaysayan ay binigyang inspirasyon
ng isang ideya o kaisipan.

GEORG HEGEL
 Bawat mahalagang pangyayari sa
IDEYALISMO
Kasaysayan ay binigyang inspirasyon ng isang
NI HEGEL ideya o kaisipan.

GEORG HEGEL HEGELIAN DIALECTIC Higher and richer

Thesis + Anti – Thesis = Synthesis
Ad Infinitum Ultimate Absolute
Process Synthesis Idea
Everything was
interrelated
 Bawat mahalagang pangyayari sa
IDEYALISMO
Kasaysayan ay binigyang inspirasyon ng isang
NI HEGEL ideya o kaisipan.

GEORG HEGEL “All human societies are defined by their

history and that their essence can be
sought only through understanding that.
To understand why a person is the way he
is, you must put that person in a society. To
understand society, understand its history
and the forces that shape it.”
TEORYA SA
KONSEPTO May mga dakilang personalidad na
NG sanhi ng pag-inog ng Kasaysayan.
DAKILANG
PINUNO

THOMAS CARLYLE JULIUS CAESAR

TEORYA SA KONSEPTO May mga dakilang personalidad na
NG DAKILANG PINUNO sanhi ng pag-inog ng Kasaysayan.

THOMAS CARLYLE “On Heroes, Hero-Worship and

the Heroic in History”
Key role in history lies in the
“History is
actions of “Great Man” and
about Great
“the History of the world is but
Men and
the biography of Great Men”
Heroes”
TEORYA SA KONSEPTO May mga dakilang personalidad na
NG DAKILANG PINUNO sanhi ng pag-inog ng Kasaysayan.

Roman Republic
JULIUS CAESAR Inspired leaders to emulate him
❑ Czar and Kaiser were derived
from his name.
❑ Benito Mussolini’s Fascism came
from the word Fasces – Roman
bunch of sticks meaning, together
we are stronger.