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01 - Introduction PDF

This document provides an overview of the PETE 422 Pressure Control course at METU Spring 2020. The course covers basic concepts of gas behavior and fluid hydrostatics, methods for estimating pore pressure and fracture gradient, conventional and non-conventional well control techniques, well control equipment, and special drilling technologies like underbalanced and managed pressure drilling. It lists the instructors, grading breakdown, required textbooks and reference books, and weekly course topics. Key terms related to well control like primary and secondary well control, kicks, blowouts, and the importance of avoiding human failures are also defined.

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176 views

01 - Introduction PDF

This document provides an overview of the PETE 422 Pressure Control course at METU Spring 2020. The course covers basic concepts of gas behavior and fluid hydrostatics, methods for estimating pore pressure and fracture gradient, conventional and non-conventional well control techniques, well control equipment, and special drilling technologies like underbalanced and managed pressure drilling. It lists the instructors, grading breakdown, required textbooks and reference books, and weekly course topics. Key terms related to well control like primary and secondary well control, kicks, blowouts, and the importance of avoiding human failures are also defined.

Uploaded by

restoffical
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PETE 422

Pressure Control
METU Spring2020

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
Course Description
• Review basic concepts of Gas Behavior and Fluid Hydrostatics.
• Learn methods of estimating pore pressure and fracture gradient.
• Learn how to detect and control a kick using conventional techniques
• Discuss problems encountered during conventional kick control operations and
learn how to solve them using non-conventional control techniques such as
Volumetric technique, bull heading, etc.
• Learn well control equipment
• Learn design considerations of special drilling technologies such as,
underbalanced drilling, and managed pressure drilling.

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
Course Description
• Göktuğ KALAYCI
• [email protected]
• Şükrü DURMAZ
• [email protected]

Homeworks: 10%
Midterm 25%
Midterm 25%
Final 40%

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
Text Book

Applied Drilling Engineering by A.T. Bourgoyne Jr, K.K. Millheim, M.E.

Chenevert and F.S. Young Jr., SPE Textbook Series Vol. 2, 1991

Fundamentals of Drilling Engineering Edited By: Robert F. Mitchell and

Stefan Z. Miska, SPE Textbook Series No. 12, 2011

Any Well Control Drilling Manuals

IWCF Well Control Manual & Training Notes

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
Reference Book
API STD53, Well Control Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, Dec 2018

Advanced Well Control Manual, by David Watson, Terry Brittenham and Preston Moore. SPE Textbook, 2003

Kicks and Blowout Control, by Neal Adams and Larry Kuhlman. 2nd Editions. PennWell Publishing Company,
Tulsa, OK, 1994.
Blowout Prevention, by W.C. Goins, Jr. and Riley Sheffield. Practical Drilling Technology, Volume 1, 2nd Edition.
Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 1983.
Advanced Blowout and Well Control, by Robert D. Grace. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 1994.
IADC Deepwater Well Control Guidelines, Published by the International Association of Drilling Contractors,
Houston, TX, 1998.
Guide to Blowout Prevention, WCS Well Control School, Harvey, LA, 2000.
Drilling Engineering, A complete Well Planning Approach, by Neal Adams and Tommie Carrier. PennWell
Publishing Company, Tulsa, OK, 1985
Practical Well Planning and Drilling Manual, by Steve Devereux. PennWell Publishing Company, Tulsa, 1998.

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
Topics
WEEK TOPIC
W#1 Introduction to course / Basic Concepts
Introduction to Geomechanics (Pore Pressure & Fracture Gradients)
W#2
Principal of Casing Seat Selection
W#3 Fluid Hydraulic & Gas Behavior & Volume Calculations
W#4 Drilling Hydraulic & Rig Circulation System
W#5 #6 Introduction Well Control
W#7 #8 Well Control Method’s
W#9 Midterm
W#10 Well Control Equipment
W#11 #12 Subsea Well Control
W#13 #14 Manage Pressure Drilling
PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL
PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions

What is Primary Well Control?


• Primary Well Control is hydrostatic pressure provided by drilling fluid more than formation pressure

• If formation pressure is higher than hydrostatic pressure and there is a permeable zone and availability of

fluid, Primary Well Control may be lost and kick can be occur.

What is Kick/Influx?
• An unscheduled entry of formation fluids into the wellbore

• Conditions for Kick / Influx


• The hydrostatic head (pressure) of the mud column is less than formation pressure

• The permeability of the rock allows formation fluid to “flow” into the wellbore
PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL
PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions

What is Secondary Well Control?


• When primary well control is failed by gain / kick, controlling kick by using special equipment which is

called “Blow Out Preventer” or BOP to control kick.

What is Blow-out?
• Loss of control of a kick

Consequences:
• Casualties

• Environmental damage

• High cost (often in $millions/occurrence)


PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL
PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions

Shallow Gas Risk


• The well location may need to be moved. If not possible, then the well design and the drilling operations

must take this into account!

https://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-108/issue- http://slideplayer.com/slide/3400355/
46/exploration-development/southeast-louisiana-shallow-gas-1- Barthold Schroot - Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience
louisiana.html
PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL
PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions

Shallow Gas Risk


• Shallow hydrocarbons are typically more prevalent offshore, but they do

exist on land. Exploration wells are at the highest risk (more unknowns).

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264817215300477

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL http://nealadamsservices.com/gallery.html


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions
PIPER ALPHA

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions
PIPER ALPHA

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions
Deepwater Horizon

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions
Deepwater Horizon

20 Nisan 2010
PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL
PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions

How to avoid
Fundamentals are quite well known and understood. However, most blowouts result from human failure:

• Well Control Training

• Well established procedures (Regulatory & Standards & Company Policies)

• Lessons Learnt from mistakes

• Engineering & Planning & Execution

• Adequate Equipment & Equipment Selection

• Drills (Trip, Choke, Pit etc.)

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
General Definitions

Mainly, all Well Control Methods are based on:


• maintain a constant BHP

• consider the behavior of gas under changing wellbore conditions

• are designed to move gas up a wellbore to the surface

• must allow gas, if present, to expand

• Different well control methods may result in different wellbore pressures

• Accurate pressure predictions require knowledge of the influx composition, temperature, and pressure

• Influx phase changes can and do occur in the process of killing a well

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL


PETE 422 – Pressure Control
Next Week Discussions

• Multimedia Homework

• What’s pressure? Unit (SI & Field)

• What’s pressure gradient?

• What is pore pressure?

• What is fracture gradient?

• What is overburden gradient?

• What is normal and abnormal pressure?

PETE422 PRESSURE CONTROL

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