Chapter 23 Written Report

Chapter 23: Last Trip Abroad (1896)
Dapitan to Manila
 July 31, 1896- Leaving Dapitan at midnight, “Espana” with Rizal sailed
northward.
 August 1, 1896- the steamer anchored at Dumaguete.
 Dumaguete- first stopover where Rizal visited a friend and former classmate.
 Herrero Regidor- He was the friend and former classmate of Rizal who was
judge of the province.
 Rizal also met young ladies Natalia Moras and Rufina Ybanez and Juan M.
Valdivia and Milagros Saavedra Periquet.
 Cebu- Second stopover and Rizal called the entrance of Cebu beautiful.
 He did two operations of strabatomy, one operation on the ears and another of
tumor.
 August 3- Rizal left Cebu for Iloilo.
 Iloilo- third stopover where Rizal went shopping and visited Molo.
 Molo Church- Rizal described that the church was pretty outside and the interior
wasn’t bad.
 Capiz- fourth stopover
 Romblon- Last stop before going to Manila.
Rizal Misses Ship Going to Spain
 August 6, 1896- “Espana” arrived in Manila Bay.
 Rizal missed the mail ship “Isla de Luzon” for Spain because it has departed
previous day at 5 pm.
 Castilla- Spanish cruiser where Rizal was transferred.
 Governor General Ramon Blanco- Gallant ship captain who told Rizal that he
was not a prisoner but a guest detained on board.
 From August 6 to September 2- Rizal stayed on the cruiser for about a month.
Outbreak of the Philippine Revolution
 August 19, 1896- The Katipunan plot to overthrow Spanish rule by means of
revolution.
 Fray Mariano Gil- Augustinian cura of Tondo who discovered the plan of
Katipunan.
 Cry of Balintawak- Raised by Bonifacio ad his valiant Katipuneros on August
26,1896.
 August 30- The revolutionist led by Bonifacio and Jacinto attacked San Juan,
Manila, but they were repulsed with heavy losses.
 In the afternoon, after the battle, Governor General Blanco proclaimed a state of
war in the first 8 provinces for rising in arms against the Spain namely Manila
(as a province), Bulacan, Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija
and Tarlac.
 Rizal learned about the eruption of revolution around Manila through the
newspapers he read on Castilla.
 Rizal was worried for two reasons: The violent revolution which he sincerely
believed to be premature and would only cause human suffering and terrible
loss of human lives and property and it would arouse Spanish vengeance
against all Filipino patriots.
Departure for Spain
 On the same day, Rizal received two letters of introduction from the Minister of
War and the Minister of Colonies from Governor General Blanco, with a
covering letter which absolved him from all blame for the raging revolution
 General Marcelo Azcarraga- Minister of the war.
 September 2, 1896- the day before his departure for Spain, Rizal, on board to
Castilla, wrote to his mother about his whereabouts.
 Isla de Panay- a steamer which was sailing for Barcelona, Spain where Rizal was
transferred.
 September 3- the day when the steamer left Manila Bay and the start of Rizal’s
last trip to Spain.
 Don Pedro Roxas- rich Manila creole industrialist and fellow passenger of Rizal
on board.
 Periquin- son of Don Roxas
Rizal in Singapore
 September 7- Rizal arrived at Singapore.
 The following day Rizal went sightseeing and shopping for souvenirs.
 Don Manuel Camos- urged Rizal to stay in Singapore to save his life, which
Rizal ignored for he had given his word to Governor General Blanco and he did
not like to break it.
Victim of Spanish Duplicity
 Without his knowledge, Governor General Blanco was secretly conspiring with
the ministers of war and the colonies for his destruction.
 Sultan Zaide- another victim of Spanish intrigue.
 One of the greatest mistakes of Rizal was to believe to Blanco was a man of honor
and a friend because: he allowed him to go as a free man to Spain to become
physical- surgeon of the Spanish army in Cuba where bloody revolution was
raging.
 Rizal was unaware that since his departure from Manila Bay on his way to Spain,
Blanco and the ministers of the war were exchanging coded telegrams and
confidential messages for Rizal’s arrest upon reaching Barcelona.
Rizal Arrested Before Reaching Barcelona
 September 27- Rizal heard from the passengers that a telegram arrived in Manila
reporting the execution of Francisco Roxas, Genato and Osorio.
 September 28- A passenger told Rizal that he would be arrested by order of
Governor General Blanco and would be sent to prison in Ceuta (Spanish
Morocco).
 Rizal then realized that he was duped by the Spanish officials, particularly
Governor General Blanco.
 Blumentritt- Rizal’s best friend to whom he wrote a letter to, unburdening his
bitterness upon discovering the truth.
 September 30- he was officially notified by Captain Alemany that he should stay
in cabin until further orders from Manila.
Arrival in Barcelona as a Prisoner
 October 3- the steamer arrived in Barcelona with Rizal, a prisoner on board.
 30 days- the trip from Manila to Barcelona.
 General Eulogio Despujol- military commander of Barcelona who was the jailer
of Rizal.
 October 6 at 3 am- Rizal was awakened by the guards and escorted to the
fortress named Monjuich.
 At 2 in the afternoon- he was taken out of the prison by the guards and brought
him to the headquarters.
 The interview lasted for a quarter of an hour and the General told Rizal that he
would be shipped back to Manila.
 Colon- transport ship where Rizal was on board back to Manila.
 At 8 pm of October 6- the ship left Barcelona, with Rizal on board.

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Chapter 23: Last Trip Abroad (1896)

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