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Mathcad - Prob - 09 - 02

The document discusses optimizing insulation thickness for a steam pipe. It provides input data on pipe dimensions and insulation properties. It defines a range of insulation thicknesses (It) from 0.001 to 0.01 m. It then calculates the total annual cost (TAC) for each thickness using formulas that account for annual fixed costs, annual steam costs, and heat transfer rates that depend on insulation thickness. A plot shows TAC initially decreasing then increasing with thicker insulation. A table lists the insulation thickness and corresponding TAC for 10 evenly spaced thicknesses between 0.001-0.01 m.

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72 views3 pages

Mathcad - Prob - 09 - 02

The document discusses optimizing insulation thickness for a steam pipe. It provides input data on pipe dimensions and insulation properties. It defines a range of insulation thicknesses (It) from 0.001 to 0.01 m. It then calculates the total annual cost (TAC) for each thickness using formulas that account for annual fixed costs, annual steam costs, and heat transfer rates that depend on insulation thickness. A plot shows TAC initially decreasing then increasing with thicker insulation. A table lists the insulation thickness and corresponding TAC for 10 evenly spaced thicknesses between 0.001-0.01 m.

Uploaded by

lulu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem 9.

2 Optimum Insulation Thickness


Input Data
−2 W W
kins := 5 • 10 ho := 11.4
s• m 2
s• m
Tstm := 480 K Tsurr := 295 K

6 J
H v := 1.912 • 10 Heat of Vaporization of Sat.Stm. at 480 K
kg
L := 300 m Do := 0.273 m

dollars dollars
cstm := 0.004
kg
( )
Install_Cost It := 180 • It
m
Annual Fixed Costs

( )
AFC It := 300 • Install_Cost It • 0.20 ( )
Annual Steam Cost
Use heat resistances to determine overall h.t. coefficient as function of I t. Neglect
resistance except for insulation and outer film. First express the areas involved:
2 2
( ) (
A o It := • Do + 2 • It • L m ) ( )
A m It := .5 • Do + Do + 2 • It 
  m ( )
( ( )
ho • A o It • kins • A m It ( )) W
( )
UAo It :=
( )
kins • A m It + It • ho • A o It ( ) K
from rearranging overall resistance
from individual resistances.

( ) ( ) (
q It := UAo It • Tstm − Tsurr ) W

q ( It ) kg
mstm It ( ) :=
Hv s

( ) ( )
ASC It := mstm It • cstm • 3600 • 24 • 365 Annual Steam Cost

Total Annual Cost


dollars
( ) ( )
TAC It := AFC It + ASC It ( ) y
It := 0.001 , 0.002 .. 0.01 Define a range of values for plotting

180

160
Annual Cost ($)

140
( )
TAC It
120

100

80
−3 −3
0 4× 10 8× 10 0.012
It

j := 1 , 2 .. 10 Insulation (m)

TABLE
j,1
:= 0.001 + ( j − 1) • 0.001 TABLE
j,2 (
:= TAC TABLE
j,1 )
It TAC

1 2
1 1?0 -3 177.242
2 2?0 -3 105.318
3 3?0 -3 88.459
4 4?0 -3 85.413
TABLE = 5 5?0 -3 87.9
6 6?0 -3 93.156
7 7?0 -3 99.995
8 8?0 -3 107.824
9 9?0 -3 116.312
10 0.01 125.263

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