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Real Statistics Examples Basics

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

130 views216 pages

Real Statistics Examples Basics

Uploaded by

Warhawk Peacedove

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Real Statistics Using Excel - Examples Workbook Basics

Charles Zaiontz, 16 November 2019

Copyright © 2013 - 2019 Charles Zaiontz

Concise Table of Contents

Excel Environment
Real Statistics Environment
Probability Functions
Descriptive Statistics
Hypothesis Testing

Appendix

Mathematical Notation and Concepts

Excel Capabilities
Matrices and Iterative Processes
Real Statistics Capabilities
Real Statistics Using Excel - Examples Workbook Basics
Charles Zaiontz, 16 November 2019

Copyright © 2013 - 2019 Charles Zaiontz

Table of Contents

Excel Environment

Excel spreadsheets

Charts

Array formulas and functions

Sorting and Filtering

Goal Seek

Real Statistics Environment

Reformatting data

Sorting and removing duplicates by rows

Extracting columns from a data range

Miscellaneous functions
Step chart

Probability Functions

Basic probability concepts

Discrete probability distributions

Continuous probability distributions

Descriptive Statistics

Measures of central tendency

Measures of variability

Measures of shape

Ranking

Descriptive statistics tools

Frequency tables

Histogram

Box plots

Dot Plots

ROC

Outliers and Robustness

Dealing with missing data

Indices of Diversity

Hypothesis Testing

Statistical power
Familywise error

Appendix

Mathematical Notation and Concepts

Functions, polynomials, limits and graphs

Gamma function

Excel Capabilities

Built-in functions

Sorting and eliminating duplicates

Reformatting tools

Frequency table conversion

Table lookup

Sampling

Special charting capabilities

Matrices and Iterative Procedures

Basic concepts

Matrix operations

Determinants and simultaneous linear equations

Newton's method

Goal seeking and Solver

Real Statistics Capabilities

Colors

Interpolation

Coding of categorical variables

Frequency table conversion

Prime numbers

Bitwise calculations

Text strings
Real Statistics Using Excel - Examples Workbook Basics
Charles Zaiontz, 16 November 2019

Copyright © 2013 - 2019 Charles Zaiontz

Table of Contents

Excel Environment

Excel spreadsheets
Sample Excel worksheet (Figure 1)

Charts
Bar Chart (Example 1)
Line Chart (Example 2)
Line Chart (Example 3)
Scatter Chart (Example 4)
Step Chart (Example 5)

Array formulas and functions

Array formula (Example 1)
Array function (Example 2)

Sorting and Filtering

Sorting (Example 1)
Remove Duplicates (Example 2)
Filter (Example 3)

Goal Seek
Square root example (Example 1)

Real Statistics Environment

Reformatting data
Sorting, removing duplicates, etc. (Example 1)
Sort and extract unique (Example 2)
MERGE, DELErr and SEQ (Example 3)
Sort using data analysis tool (Example 3)
Delete Row

Sorting and removing duplicates by rows

Sort by rows (Example 1)
Sort rows removing duplicates (Example 2)

Extracting columns from a data range

Extract columns from data range (Example 1)
Select columns from data range (Example 2)

Miscellaneous functions
Examples of miscellaneous Real Statistics functions

Step chart
Real Statistics data analysis tool

Probability Functions

Basic probability concepts

Probability calculation (Example 6)

Discrete probability distributions

Frequency function (Example 1)
Frequency function (Example 2)
Frequency function using Real Statistics function (Example 3)
Frequency function using Real Statistics data analysis tool

Continuous probability distributions

Chi-square cumulative distribution

Descriptive Statistics

Measures of central tendency

Mean, median, etc. (Examples 1, 3-6)
Column means (Example 2)
Geometric Mean (extra example)

Measures of variability
Variance, standard deviation, etc. (Examples 1,2, 5-9)
Column variance and standard deviation (Examples 3)
Combining two or more samples (Example 4)

Measures of shape
Skewness and kurtosis (Examples 1, 2)
Chi-square distribution (Figure 1)
Kurtosis and skewness (Figure 2)

Ranking
Various ranking and percentile functions (Examples 1-4, 6, 8, 10)
Real Statistics RANK_AVG vs. Excel RANK.AVG function (Figure 3)
RANKCOL function
Rank and Percentile data analysis tool (Example 5)
PERCENTRANK.INC vs. PERCENTRANK.EXC (Example 7)
PERCENTILE.INC vs. PERCENTILE.EXC (Example 9)

Descriptive statistics tools

Descriptive Statistics data analysis tool (Example 1)
Descriptive Statistics data analysis tool (Example 2)
Real Statistics Descriptive Statistics data analysis tool (Example 3)
Frequency tables
Mean and variance based on frequency tables (Example 1)
Frequency function (Example 1)
Calculations from a frequency table with intervals (Example 2)
Excel FREQUENCY function (Example 3)
Real Statistics FREQTABLE function (Example 4)
Descriptive statistics for data in a frequency table (Example 5)
Real Statistics Frequency Table data analysis tool (Example 6)

Histogram
Histogram data analysis tool (Example 1)
Real Statistics Histogram data analysis tool (Example 2)

Box plots
Box Plot (Example 1)
Box Plot (Example 1 using .EXC)
Box Plot with negative data
Box plot with outliers

Dot Plots
Dot Plot (manual)
Dot Plot (Real Statistics)

Classification Table (Example 1)

ROC Plot (Example 2)
Classification and ROC data analysis tool (Example 3)
Confidence interval for AUC

Outliers and Robustness

Trimmed and Winsorized data (Example 1)
Tukey's Biweight and Huber's estimator

Dealing with missing data

Remove missing data (Example 1)
Remove missing data via data analysis tool (Example 2)

Indices of Diversity
Shannon's Index (Example 1)
Brillouin's Index (Example 2)
Simpson's Index (Example 3)
Real Statistics data analysis tool

Hypothesis Testing

Statistical power
Power table (Figure 1)
Familywise error
Bonferroni and Dunn/Sidàk tests
Holm and Hochberg tests
Benjamini-Hochberg test
Benjamini-Yekutieli test
Real Statistics data analysis tool (Benjamini-Hochberg + Dunn/Sidàk)

Appendix

Mathematical Notation and Concepts

Functions, polynomials, limits and graphs

Graph of a function (Example 1)

Gamma function
Gamma function with negative values and incomplete gamma function

Excel Capabilities

Built-in functions
Unique counting (Figure 7)
SUMIF and COUNTIF (Figure 8)
Table lookup functions (esp. MATCH)
Two-dimensional table lookup

Sorting and eliminating duplicates

Sort and remove duplicates in standard Excel (Examples 1, 2, 3, 4)

Reformatting tools
Reformatting (Example 1)
Remove missing data (Example 2)

Frequency table conversion

Conversion from frequency table
Descriptive statistics for frequency table (Example 1)

Table lookup
Table Lookup (Example 1)
Table Lookup (Example 2)
Table Lookup (Example 3)
Table Lookup (Example 4)

Sampling
Sampling without replacement
Sampling with replacement

Special charting capabilities

Plot of sample means with std error intervals (Example 3)
Matrices and Iterative Procedures

Basic concepts
Length of a vector (Example 2)
Diagonal of a square matrix (Example 3)

Matrix operations
Inverse of a matrix (Example 1)
Matrix Power
Real Statistics Matrix data analysis tool (Example 2)

Determinants and simultaneous linear equations

Determinant (Example 1)
Determinant using Gaussian elimination (Example 2)
Solution to linear equations via Cramer's rule (Example 3)
Solution to linear equations via Gaussian elimination (Example 4)
Solution to homogeneous linear equations (Example 5)
Solution to homogeneous linear equations (Example 6)
Inverting a matrix via Gaussian elimination (Example 10)
Gaussian elimination via Real Statistics functions (Examples 7,8,9 + extra examples)

Newton's method
Newton's Method for one equation (Example 1)
Newton's Method for multiple equations (Example 2)
Newton's Method for one equation (Example 2)

Goal seeking and Solver

Goal Seek to find eigenvalues (Example 1)
Solver to find regression coefficients (Example 2)
NFL example

Real Statistics Capabilities

Colors
Color list
Color functions

Interpolation
Interpolation examples

Coding of categorical variables

Coding of categorical variables (Example 1)

Frequency table conversion

Conversion to raw data using Real Statistics data analysis tool (Example 2)
Conversion to frequency table
Prime numbers
Prime numbers

Bitwise calculations
Bitwise calculations

Text strings
TEXT_JOIN and TEXT_REVERSE
Results of Marketing Campaign
(sales in millions of euros)

Brand A Brand B Brand C Marketing Campaign Results

London 23.5 12.3 15 35
Paris 13.8 8.1 5.5

Sales (millions of euros)

30
Rome 17.3 4.5 6.9 25
Madrid 14.8 6.8 2.7 20 Brand
Vienna 7.2 4.2 1.6 Brand
15
Brand
Berlin 29.5 21.4 11.6 10
Total 106.1 57.3 43.3 5
0
London Paris Rome Madrid Vienna Berlin
City
aign Results

Brand A
Brand B
Brand C

rid Vienna Berlin

Average Income by Age

Age Income
31 23500 Average Income by Age
32 24000
45,000
33 25000
40,000

Income ($000)
34 26700
35,000
35 27500
30,000
36 29200
25,000
37 33000 20,000
38 35100 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
39 37400 Age
40 39500
Average Income and Rent by Age

Age Income Rent

31 23500 6000 Average Income/Rent by Age
32 24000 6500 45,000
33 25000 7000 40,000
34 26700 4500 35,000

Amount ($000)
30,000
35 27500 6000
25,000 Income
36 29200 7500 20,000 Rent
37 33000 8000 15,000
38 35100 9000 10,000
39 37400 7000 5,000
0
40 39500 12000 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Age

Age Income Rent Income

31 23500 6000
32 24000 6500 45000
33 25000 7000 40000
34 26700 4500 35000
35 27500 6000 30000
25000 Income
36 29200 7500
37 33000 8000 20000
38 35100 9000 15000
39 37400 7000 10000
40 39500 12000 5000
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
45000
ge 40000
35000
30000
25000
Income Income
20000 Rent
Rent
15000
10000
5000
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Income

0
Scatter Plot
Operating Performance by District
District Cost Revenue
180
E 50 74
160
NE 78 95
140
NW 65 87
120

Revenue ($M)
SE 112 156
100
SW 32 54
80
W 101 142
60
40
20
0
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Cost ($M)
ct

100 110 120

Step Chart Duplicated Sorted Modified

Year Revenue Year Revenue #NAME? #NAME? Year Revenue

1 5 1 5 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
2 7 2 7 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
3 4 3 4 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
4 8 4 8 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
5 10 5 10 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
6 14 6 14 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
2 7 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
3 4 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
4 8 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
5 10 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
6 14 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 14
Revenue Growth
16
14
12
Revenues ($000)

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Year
Equipment Sales

Unit Price Quantity Revenue

Desks 500 40 20000
Lamps 80 30 2400
Chairs 150 130 19500
Pen Sets 60 70 4200
Transpose

Area Code Population Area Code 345 378 678 712 815
345 230000 Population 230000 340000 145000 235900 195000
378 340000
678 145000
712 235900
815 195000
Sort and Filter Sort by Income

Person Gender Age Income Person Gender Age Income

Mary F 35 45000 Jane F 45 30000
Bob M 40 40000 Jim M 55 35000
Jim M 55 35000 Alan M 40 35000
Betty F 25 80000 Steve M 30 35000
Alan M 40 35000 Bob M 40 40000
Debra F 40 45000 Mary F 35 45000
Dave M 60 60000 Debra F 40 45000
Steve M 30 35000 Dave M 60 60000
Jane F 45 30000 Betty F 25 80000

Filter

Person Gender Age Income Person Gender Age Income

Mary F 35 45000 Mary F 35 45000
Bob M 40 40000 Bob M 40 40000
Jim M 55 35000 Jim M 55 35000
Alan M 40 35000 Alan M 40 35000
Debra F 40 45000 Debra F 40 45000
Steve M 30 35000 Steve M 30 35000
Sort by Income/Person Remove Duplicates

Person Gender Age Income Income

Jane F 45 30000 45000
Alan M 40 35000 40000
Jim M 55 35000 35000
Steve M 30 35000 80000
Bob M 40 40000 60000
Debra F 40 45000 30000
Mary F 35 45000
Dave M 60 60000
Betty F 25 80000
Goal Seek

x^2 10.99999 x^2 11.00002

x 3.316624 x -3.316627
Reformat data in a range

Input range Reshape Reverse Del NonNum Sort

3 5 8 ### ### ### ### ### ### ###

15 A ### ### ### ### ### ### ###
5 A 0 ### ### ### ### ### ### ###
12 B 8 ### ### ### ### ### ### ###
### ### ### ###
### Reshape/Determ ###
### ###
### MDETERM ### ###
### ###
### COUNTU ### ###
### COUNTAU ### ###
### ###
Sort and Extract Unique

Sort no dupes Input Range Sort Unique Extract Unique

#NAME? ### Russia Italy #NAME? #NAME?

#NAME? ### Germany France #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### Italy Russia #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### France Spain #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
Extract Unique
Reformat data in a range

Input ranges ### ### ###

1 4 5 ### ### ### ### ### ###

3 6 7 ### ### ### ### ###
8 ### ### ### ### ### ###

### ###

### ### ### ###

### ### ###

### ###

### ### ### ###

### ### ###

### ###

### ### ### ###

### ### ###

###

### ###
### ###
### ###
Input range ###

#NAME? 3 5 8 ### ###

15 -1 3 ### ###
#NAME? 5 2 0 ### ###
12 -4 8 ### ###
### ###
### ###
Delete Row

Color Quality Price Color Quality Price #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

7 5 65 7 5 65 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
3 7 38 3 7 38 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
5 8 51 5 8 51 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
8 1 38 8 1 38 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
9 3 55 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
5 4 43 5 4 43 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
4 0 25 4 0 25 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
2 6 33 2 6 33 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
8 7 71 8 7 71 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
6 4 51 6 4 51 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
9 2 49 9 2 49

#NAME?

#NAME?
Sort Rows without duplicates

Male France Rich 45 #NAME? #NAME?

Female UK Poor 35
Male US Rich 15 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Male US Rich 40 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Female UK Rich 25 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Male US Poor 20 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Female France Rich 10 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Female UK Rich 50 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Female UK Poor 35 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Male France Poor 45 #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? ### ###
Female US Poor 20 #NAME? #NAME? ###
Female UK Rich 40
#NAME?

#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?

=CountRowsUnique(A3:B14)

#NAME?
Sort Rows #NAME?

#NAME? Male France Rich 45 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

Female UK Poor 35 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Male US Rich 15 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Male US Rich 40 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Female UK Rich 25 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Male US Poor 20 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Female France Rich 10 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Female UK Rich 50 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Female UK Poor 35 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Male France Poor 45 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? ### ### ### Female US Poor 20 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female UK Rich 40 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME?

### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###

### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ###
Extract Columns from Data Range

State Poverty Infant Mort White Crime Doctors Traf Deaths University Unemploy
Alabama 15.7 9.0 71.0 448 218.2 1.81 22.0 5.0
Alaska 8.4 6.9 70.6 661 228.5 1.63 27.3 6.7
Arizona 14.7 6.4 86.5 483 209.7 1.69 25.1 5.5
Arkansas 17.3 8.5 80.8 529 203.4 1.96 18.8 5.1
California 13.3 5.0 76.6 523 268.7 1.21 29.6 7.2
Colorado 11.4 5.7 89.7 348 259.7 1.14 35.6 4.9
Connecticut 9.3 6.2 84.3 256 376.4 0.86 35.6 5.7
Delaware 10.0 8.3 74.3 689 250.9 1.23 27.5 4.8
Florida 13.2 7.3 79.8 723 247.9 1.56 25.8 6.2
Georgia 14.7 8.1 65.4 493 217.4 1.46 27.5 6.2
Hawaii 9.1 5.6 29.7 273 317.0 1.33 29.1 3.9
Idaho 12.6 6.8 94.6 239 168.8 1.60 24.0 4.9
Illinois 12.2 7.3 79.1 533 280.2 1.16 29.9 6.5
Indiana 13.1 8.0 88.0 334 216.9 1.26 22.9 5.9
Iowa 11.5 5.1 94.2 295 189.3 1.42 24.3 4.1
Kansas 11.3 7.1 88.7 453 222.5 1.38 29.6 4.4
Kentucky 17.3 7.5 89.9 295 232.3 1.80 19.7 6.4
Louisiana 17.3 9.9 64.8 730 262.7 2.17 20.3 4.6
Maine 12.3 6.3 96.4 118 278.4 1.22 25.4 5.4
Income State Poverty Infant MorDoctors Traf DeathIncome
42,666 Alabama 15.7 9 218.1734 1.81 42666
68,460 Alaska 8.4 6.9 228.4503 1.63 68460
50,958 Arizona 14.7 6.4 209.6666 1.69 50958
38,815 Arkansas 17.3 8.5 203.4229 1.96 38815
61,021 California 13.3 5 268.6906 1.21 61021
56,993 Colorado 11.4 5.7 259.6861 1.14 56993
68,595 Connecticu 9.3 6.2 376.3753 0.86 68595
57,989 Delaware 10 8.3 250.9418 1.23 57989
47,778 Florida 13.2 7.3 247.8636 1.56 47778
50,861 Georgia 14.7 8.1 217.4457 1.46 50861
67,214 Hawaii 9.1 5.6 316.9829 1.33 67214
47,576 Idaho 12.6 6.8 168.8339 1.6 47576
56,235 Illinois 12.2 7.3 280.1539 1.16 56235
47,966 Indiana 13.1 8 216.9397 1.26 47966
48,980 Iowa 11.5 5.1 189.2832 1.42 48980
50,177 Kansas 11.3 7.1 222.5477 1.38 50177
41,538 Kentucky 17.3 7.5 232.3485 1.8 41538
43,733 Louisiana 17.3 9.9 262.6615 2.17 43733
46,581 Maine 12.3 6.3 278.3948 1.22 46581
Select Columns =SelectCols(A3:D14,"2,3,1") =SelectCols(A3:D14,"3,2,1,4",1)

Male France Rich 45 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

Female UK Poor 35 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Male US Rich 15 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Male US Rich 40 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female UK Rich 25 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Male US Poor 20 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female France Rich 10 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female UK Rich 50 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female UK Poor 35 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Male France Poor 45 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female US Poor 20 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Female UK Rich 40 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
ls(A3:D14,"3,2,1,4",1)

#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
#NAME? ###
Miscellaneous Real Statistics Functions

#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?

51 #NAME?
Real Statistics Step Chart

Year Area A Area B Area C Step Chart

1 5 8 3
2 7 10 5 30
3 4 15 10 25
4 8 17 10 20
5 10 20 15

Revenue
15
6 14 25 20
10
5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Year
Step Chart

Area A
Area B
Area C

3 4 5 6 7
Year
Probability calculation

n 12
p 0.166667
1-p 0.833333
(1-p)^n 0.112157
1-(1-p)^n 0.887843
Frequency/Distribution Functions

x f(x) F(x) Frequency Function f(x)

1 0.12 0.12 =B4
0.30
2 0.25 0.37 =B5+C4
3 0.08 0.45 =B6+C5 0.25
4 0.14 0.59 =B7+C6 0.20
5 0.09 0.68 =B8+C7 0.15
6 0.18 0.86 =B9+C8 0.10
7 0.09 0.95 =B10+C9
0.05
8 0.05 1.00 =B11+C10
0.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

P(3) 0.08 =PROB(A4:A11,B4:B11,3)

P(x ≤ 5) 0.68 =PROB(A4:A11,B4:B11,,5)
P(3 ≤ x ≤ 5) 0.31 =PROB(A4:A11,B4:B11,3,5)
ency Function f(x) Distribution Function F(x)
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Frequency Function FREQTABLE function
nodupe
14 x freq f(x) #NAME? x freq f(x) Item
18 12 2 0.1667 #NAME? 12 2 0.1667 #NAME?
13 13 3 0.25 #NAME? 13 3 0.25 #NAME?
12 14 1 0.0833 #NAME? 14 1 0.0833 #NAME?
18 16 2 0.1667 #NAME? 16 2 0.1667 #NAME?
12 18 4 0.3333 #NAME? 18 4 0.3333 #NAME?
13 12 #NAME? 12
13 #NAME?
16 #NAME?
18 #NAME?
18 #NAME?
16 #NAME?
FREQTABLE function Frequency Table data analysis tool

freq prob Frequency Table

#NAME? #NAME?
Histogram
#NAME? #NAME? item freq prob 1
#NAME? #NAME? ### 0 #DIV/0! 0.9
0.8
#NAME? #NAME? ### 0 #DIV/0! 0.7
#NAME? #NAME? ### 0 #DIV/0! 0.6

Frequency
### 0 #DIV/0! 0.5
### 0 #DIV/0! 0.4
0.3
0 #DIV/0! 0.2
0.1
0
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Bin
Histogram

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

Bin
Measures of Central Tendency

Data 1 Data 2 Data 3

5 5 5
2 2 2
-1 -1 -1
3 3 3 Data 4 Data 5 Data 6
7 7 7 50 1.05 5
5 5 8 80 1.05 2
0 0 0 1.1 -1
2 6 1.1 0

COUNT 7 8 8 HARMEAN 61.53846 1.074419 Err:502

AVERAGE 3 2.875 3.75 GEOMEAN 63.24555 1.074709 Err:502

MEDIAN 3 2.5 4

MODE.SNGL 5 5 #VALUE!

MODE.MULT 5 5 #VALUE!
5 2 #VALUE!

AVERAGE 3.4 3.217391

3.4 3.217391
Data 1 Data 2 Data 3
5 5 5
2 2 2
-1 -1 -1
3 3 3
7 7 7
5 5 8
0 0 0
2 6

count #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

mean #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
sum #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Geometric Mean

If you earn 5% interest in year 1, 8% in year 2 and 10% interest in year 3, the average interest is given by the geometric mean

Interest - year 1 0.05

Interest - year 2 0.08
Interest - year 3 0.10

Return from year 1 1.05

Return from year 2 1.08
Return from year 3 1.10

Return after year 1 1.0500

Return after year 2 1.1340
Return after year 3 1.2474

Average annual return 1.0765

Average interest 0.0765
Total return 1.2474
0.0765

1.334025
0.074709263
0.074709263
% in year 2 and 10% interest in year 3, the average interest is given by the geometric mean

Int1
Int2
Int3

= 1 + Int1
= 1 + Int2
= 1 + Int3

= 1 + Int1
= (1 + Int1) * (1 + Int2)
= (1 + Int1) * (1 + Int2) * (1 + Int3)

= SQRT((1 + Int1) * (1 + Int2) * (1 + Int3)) = GEOMEAN(1 + Int1, 1+ Int2, 1 + Int3)

= 1 - Average annual return
= (1 + Average Interest) ^ 3 = Return after 3 years as calculated above
= GEOMEAN(1.05,1.08,1.1) - 1

= (1.05)(1.05)(1.1)(1.1)
= 1.334025 ^ 0.25 -1
= GEOMEAN(1.05,1.05,1.1,1.1) - 1
Measures of Variability

5 5
2 2
-1 -1
3 3
4 4
5 5
0 0
2 2

AVERAGE 2.5 MEDIAN 2.5

count
VAR.S = VAR 4.857143 MAD #NAME? mean
VAR.P = VARP 4.25 variance
MIN -1 stdev
STDEV.S = STDEV 2.203893 MAX 5
STDEV.P = STDEVP 2.061553 RNG #NAME?

DEVSQ 34 INC EXC

Q1 1.5 0.5
AVEDEV 1.75 Q3 4.25 4.75
IQR #NAME? #NAME?
Data 1 Data 2 Data 3
5 5 5
2 2 2
-1 -1 -1
3 3 3
7 7 7
5 5 8
0 0 0
2 6

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Combining multiple samples

n x̄ s2 x nx̄2 (n-1)s2 x2
Sample 1 23 12 100 276 3312 2200 5512
Sample 2 15 14 144 210 2940 2016 4956
Sample 3 20 15 256 300 4500 4864 9364
58 13.55172 161.0587 786 10752 9080 19832

13.55172 161.0587 786 10752 9080 19832

Skewness and Kurtosis

SKEW -0.427052 #NAME?

2 KURT -0.939792 #NAME?
5
-1 n 8 #NAME?
3
4 SKEWP -0.342403 #NAME?
5 #NAME? #NAME?
0 -0.342403 #NAME?
2
KURTP #NAME? #NAME?
-1.114187 #NAME?
Ranking Percentile
Data Rank Reverse
4 4 3 3 %-INC
0 0 4 2 0.00 -1
-1 -1 5 1 0.25 0
7 7 1 5 0.50 4
5 5 2 4 0.75 5
1.00 7
MIN -1 Data Rank Reverse
MAX 7 1 #NAME? #NAME? 0.45 3.2
k 5 #NAME? #NAME? 0.80 5.4
SMALL 1 -1 5 #NAME? #NAME?
2 0 0 #NAME? #NAME?
3 4 8 #NAME? #NAME? PercentRank
4 5
5 7 Data Rank Reverse INC
1 #NAME? #NAME? 5 0.75
LARGE k 5 #NAME? #NAME? 5.4 0.8
1 7 5 #NAME? #NAME? 0.85 0.30312
2 5 0 #NAME? #NAME?
3 4 8 #NAME? #NAME?
4 0 8 #NAME? #NAME?
5 -1 5 #NAME? #NAME?
Quartile

%-EXC Q-INC Q-EXC

Err:502 0 -1 Err:502
-0.5 1 0 -0.5
4 2 4 4
6 3 5 6
Err:502 4 7 Err:502

2.8
6.6

PercentRank

EXC
0.66666
0.7
0.36875
Rank and Percentile Data analysis tool

Scores 54 67 34 54 94 55 32 45 87 64 39 60 Point
5
9
2
10
12
6
1
4
8
11
3
7
Data analysis tool PERCENTRANK.INC and PERCENTRANK.EXC PERCENTILE.INC

Scores Rank Percent Scores Rank %-INC %-EXC Percentile

94 1 100.00% 94 1 100.00% 92.30% 0%
87 2 90.90% 87 2 90.90% 84.60% 10%
67 3 81.80% 67 3 81.80% 76.90% 20%
64 4 72.70% 64 4 72.70% 69.20% 30%
60 5 63.60% 60 5 63.60% 61.50% 40%
55 6 54.50% 55 6 54.50% 53.80% 50%
54 7 36.30% 54 7 36.40% 38.50% 60%
54 7 36.30% 54 7 36.40% 38.50% 70%
45 9 27.20% 45 9 27.30% 30.80% 80%
39 10 18.10% 39 10 18.20% 23.10% 90%
34 11 9.00% 34 11 9.09% 15.40% 100%
32 12 0.00% 32 12 0.00% 7.69%
PERCENTILE.INC PERCENTILE.EXC

Score Percentile Score

32.0 0% Err:502
34.5 10% 32.60
40.2 20% 37.00
47.7 30% 44.40
54.0 40% 54.00
54.5 50% 54.50
58.0 60% 59.00
62.8 70% 64.30
66.4 80% 75.00
85.0 90% 91.90
94.0 100% Err:504
Real Statistics RANK_AVG function

S1 S2 S1 - S2 RANK.AVG RANK_AVG RANKCOL

34.1 21.7 12.4 1 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
36.7 31.2 5.5 5 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
12.1 15.9 -3.8 10 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
15.8 11.3 4.5 8 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
22.9 17.4 5.5 6.5 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
40.0 30.4 9.6 2 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
22.9 20.5 2.4 9 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
19.5 10.2 9.3 3 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
28.8 20.0 8.8 4 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
30.6 25.1 5.5 6.5 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

12.4 7 #NAME?
RANKCOL
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
Descriptive Statistics data analysis tool

Scores Scores Calculations using Excel functions

23
38 Mean 30.81818 Mean 30.81818
45 Standard Error 4.931933 Standard Error 4.931933
21 Median 23 Median 23
17 Mode 21 Mode 21
21 Standard Deviation 16.35737 Standard Deviation 16.35737
8 Sample Variance 267.5636 Sample Variance 267.5636
61 Kurtosis -0.54713 Kurtosis -0.547131
21 Skewness 0.625139 Skewness 0.625139
52 Range 53 Range 53
32 Minimum 8 Minimum 8
Maximum 61 Maximum 61
Sum 339 Sum 339
Count 11 Count 11
Geometric mean 26.75472
Harmonic mean 22.65373
AAD 13.43802
MAD 9
IQR 20.5
Real Statistics Descriptive Statistics
Calculation of MAD
Scores
|xi - median(xi)| Mean 30.81818
0 Standard Error 4.931933
15 Median 23
22 Mode 21
2 Standard Deviation 16.35737
6 Sample Variance 267.5636
2 Kurtosis -0.547131
15 Skewness 0.625139
38 Range 53
2 Minimum 8
29 Maximum 61
9 Sum 339
Count 11
Geometric Mean 26.75472
Harmonic Mean 22.65373 INC EXC
AAD 13.43802 Q1 21 21
MAD #NAME? Q3 41.5 45
IQR #NAME? IQR #NAME? #NAME?
Descriptive Statistics

Two sample example using Descriptive Statistics data analysis tool

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 1 Sample 2

19 12
41 27 Mean 30.46154 Mean 30.61538
29 18 Standard Error 4.673459 Standard Error 5.447345
18 23 Median 29 Median 27
8 72 Mode 29 Mode 27
29 27 Standard Deviation 16.8504 Standard Deviation 19.64068
11 27 Sample Variance 283.9359 Sample Variance 385.7564
59 53 Kurtosis -1.150731 Kurtosis 0.062841
41 3 Skewness 0.265601 Skewness 0.78698
48 45 Range 51 Range 69
53 53 Minimum 8 Minimum 3
29 13 Maximum 59 Maximum 72
11 25 Sum 396 Sum 398
Count 13 Count 13
Real Statistics - IQR using QUARTILE Real Statistics - IQR using QUARTILE.EXC

Descriptive Statistics Descriptive Statistics

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 1 Sample 2

Mean 30.46154 30.61538 Mean 30.46154 30.61538
Standard Error 4.673459 5.447345 Standard Error 4.673459 5.447345
Median 29 27 Median 29 27
Mode 29 27 Mode 29 27
Standard Deviation 16.8504 19.64068 Standard Deviation 16.8504 19.64068
Sample Variance 283.9359 385.7564 Sample Variance 283.9359 385.7564
Kurtosis -1.150731 0.062841 Kurtosis -1.150731 0.062841
Skewness 0.265601 0.78698 Skewness 0.265601 0.78698
Range 51 69 Range 51 69
Minimum 8 3 Maximum 59 72
Maximum 59 72 Minimum 8 3
Sum 396 398 Sum 396 398
Count 13 13 Count 13 13
Geometric Mean 25.60867 23.98142 Geometric Mean 25.60867 23.98142
Harmonic Mean 20.83719 15.90055 Harmonic Mean 20.83719 15.90055
AAD 13.79882 15.46746 AAD 13.79882 15.46746
MAD #NAME? #NAME? MAD #NAME? #NAME?
IQR #NAME? #NAME? IQR #NAME? #NAME?
Mean and Variance based on Frequency Tables

data x freq x f fx fx2

2 2 4 2 4 8 16
2 3 1 3 1 3 9
2 4 2 4 2 8 32
2 5 1 5 1 5 25
3 8 24 82
4 Frequency Function
4 Σfx n x̄
5 x f(x) 24 8 3 3
2 0.5
3 0.125 Σfx2 n x̄2 var
4 0.25 82 8 9 1.4286 1.428571
5 0.125
mean 3
var 1.428571
SS 82

#NAME?

#NAME?
lower upper f midpt fx fx2
0 4 3 2 6 12
4 10 1 7 7 49
10 20 2 15 30 450
20 30 1 25 25 625
7 68 1136

Σfx n x̄
68 7 9.7143

Σfx2 n x̄2 var

1136 7 94.367 79.238
Conversion from frequency table Real Statistics data analysis tool

Frequency Table Raw Data (with duplicates) Frequency Table

Score Freq Cum Score Row Count Score Freq

5.0 1 1 5.0 1 0 5.0 1
5.1 1 2 5.1 2 0 5.1 1
5.2 3 5 5.2 3 2 5.2 3
5.5 2 7 5.2 3 1 5.5 2
5.6 1 8 5.2 3 0 5.6 1
5.7 4 12 5.5 4 1 5.7 4
5.8 3 15 5.5 4 0 5.8 3
5.6 5 0
5.7 6 3
5.7 6 2
5.7 6 1
5.7 6 0
5.8 7 2
5.8 7 1
5.8 7 0

Alternative Version

Frequency Table

Score Freq Cum

5.0 1 1
5.1 1 2
5.2 3 5
5.5 2 7
5.6 1 8
5.7 4 12
5.8 3 #REF!

Raw Data (with duplicates)

Score Row Count

5.0 27 0
5.1 28 0
5.2 29 2
5.2 29 1
5.2 29 0
5.5 30 1
5.5 30 0
5.6 31 0
5.7 32 3
5.7 32 2
5.7 32 1
5.7 32 0
5.8 33 2
5.8 33 1
5.8 33 0
tistics data analysis tool

Descriptive Statistics

Mean 5.5
Standard Error 0.0730297
Median #NAME?
Mode 5.7
Standard Deviation 0.2828427
Sample Variance 0.08
Kurtosis -1.31044
Skewness -0.568211
Range 0.8
Maximum 5.8
Minimum 5.0
Sum 82.5
Count 15
Geometric Mean 5.4930869
Harmonic Mean 5.4860552
AAD 0.24
MAD #NAME?
IQR #NAME?
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
#NA
Real Statistics data analysis tool

Frequency Table Descriptive Statistics Raw Data

Score Freq Mean 5.5 #NAME?

5.0 1 Standard Error 0.0730297 #NAME?
5.1 1 Median #NAME? #NAME?
5.2 3 Mode 5.7 #NAME?
5.5 2 Standard Deviation 0.2828427 #NAME?
5.6 1 Sample Variance 0.08 #NAME?
5.7 4 Kurtosis -1.31044 #NAME?
5.8 3 Skewness -0.568211 #NAME?
Range 0.8 #NAME?
Maximum 5.8 #NAME?
Minimum 5.0 #NAME?
Sum 82.5 #NAME?
Count 15 #NAME?
Geometric Mean 5.4930869 #NAME?
Harmonic Mean 5.4860552 #NAME?
AAD 0.24
MAD #NAME?
IQR #NAME?
Real Statistics data analysis tool

KS Test

ks-stat #NAME? #NAME?

p-value #NAME? #NAME?
Frequency Table

Scores Bins Count

34 20 20 6
45 34 40 10
23 29 60 2
22 12 80 3
7 72 over 80 1
34 23
9 10
66 14
29 23
67 24
44 90

Histogram data analysis tool

Bin Frequency
20 6 Histogram
40 10 15
60 2
Frequency

10
80 3 Frequency
5
More 1
0
20 40 60 80 More
Bin
Using FREQTABLE with bin size 15 Using Histogram and Normal Curve data analysis tool

item freq cum Frequency Table

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? Bin size 15 9
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 8
7
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? item freq cum
6
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 0

Frequency
5
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 15 5 5 4
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 30 8 13 3
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 45 5 18 2
60 0 18 1
75 3 21 0
15
90 1 22

Using FREQTABLE with bin size 15 Frequency Table

and max bin value 100
Bin size 15
item freq cum 9
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? item freq cum 8
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? -5 7
6
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 10 3 3

Frequency
5
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 25 8 11 4
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 40 5 16 3
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 55 2 18 2
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 70 2 20 1
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 85 1 21 0
10 25
100 1 22

Sm
Frequency

-100 -50
Frequenc
-100
-50
urve data analysis tool

Histogram Frequency Table

9 Bin size 15
8
7
item freq
6
0
Frequency

5
4 15 5
3 30 8
2 45 5
1 60 0
0 75 3
15 30 45 60 75 90
90 1
Bin

Histogram
9
8
7
6
Frequency

5
4
3
2
1
0
10 25 40 55 70 85 100
Bin

Smoothed Line Curve

9
8
7
6
Frequency

5
4
3
2
1
0
-100 -50 0 50 100 150
Bin
Frequenc
5
4
3
2
1
0
-100 -50 0 50 100 150
Bin
freq table reformatted Statistics Normal curve overlay

#NAME? #NAME? mean 33.22727 x normal

#NAME? #NAME? std dev 22.43282 -56.50402 5.966E-06
cum #NAME? #NAME? -54.7094 8.189E-06
#NAME? #NAME? lower -56.50402 -52.91477 1.117E-05
5 #NAME? #NAME? incr 1.794626 -51.12015 1.514E-05
13 #NAME? #NAME? upper 122.9586 -49.32552 2.039E-05
18 #NAME? #NAME? adjust 330 -47.53089 2.728E-05
18 #NAME? #NAME? -45.73627 3.626E-05
21 #NAME? #NAME? -43.94164 4.791E-05
22 #NAME? #NAME? -42.14702 6.288E-05
#NAME? #NAME? -40.35239 8.201E-05
#NAME? #NAME? -38.55776 0.000106
#NAME? #NAME? -36.76314 0.000137
#NAME? #NAME? -34.96851 0.000175
#NAME? #NAME? -33.17389 0.000223
#NAME? #NAME? -31.37926 0.000281
#NAME? #NAME? -29.58464 0.000353
#NAME? #NAME? -27.79001 0.00044
#NAME? #NAME? -25.99538 0.000545
-24.20076 0.000671
-22.40613 0.000821
-20.61151 0.000998
-18.81688 0.001206
-17.02225 0.001447
-15.22763 0.001725
-13.433 0.002044
-11.63838 0.002407
-9.84375 0.002815
-8.049124 0.003272
-6.254498 0.003779
-4.459872 0.004337
-2.665246 0.004945
-0.87062 0.005602
0.924006 0.006306
2.718632 0.007053
4.513258 0.007839
6.307884 0.008656
8.10251 0.009498
9.897136 0.010355
11.69176 0.011218
13.48639 0.012074
15.28101 0.012914
17.07564 0.013723
18.87027 0.01449
20.66489 0.015203
22.45952 0.015849
24.25414 0.016417
26.04877 0.016896
27.84339 0.017279
29.63802 0.017558
31.43265 0.017727
33.22727 0.017784
35.0219 0.017727
36.81652 0.017558
38.61115 0.017279
40.40578 0.016896
42.2004 0.016417
43.99503 0.015849
45.78965 0.015203
47.58428 0.01449
49.37891 0.013723
51.17353 0.012914
52.96816 0.012074
54.76278 0.011218
56.55741 0.010355
58.35204 0.009498
60.14666 0.008656
61.94129 0.007839
63.73591 0.007053
65.53054 0.006306
67.32517 0.005602
69.11979 0.004945
70.91442 0.004337
72.70904 0.003779
74.50367 0.003272
76.2983 0.002815
78.09292 0.002407
79.88755 0.002044
81.68217 0.001725
83.4768 0.001447
85.27142 0.001206
87.06605 0.000998
88.86068 0.000821
90.6553 0.000671
92.44993 0.000545
94.24455 0.00044
96.03918 0.000353
97.83381 0.000281
99.62843 0.000223
101.4231 0.000175
103.2177 0.000137
105.0123 0.000106
106.8069 8.201E-05
108.6016 6.288E-05
110.3962 4.791E-05
112.1908 3.626E-05
113.9854 2.728E-05
115.7801 2.039E-05
117.5747 1.514E-05
119.3693 1.117E-05
121.1639 8.189E-06
122.9586 5.966E-06
urve overlay
Histogram
scaled
0.001969 7
0.002703 6
0.003686 5
0.004996
Frequency

4
0.006727 3
0.009001
2
0.011967
1
0.015809
0.020751 0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
0.027063
0.035071 Bin
0.045159
0.057777
0.073448 Histogram
0.092776
0.116441 9
0.14521 8
7
0.179933
6
0.221536
Frequency

5
0.271018 4
0.329437 3
0.397893 2
0.47751 1
0.569401 0
-100 -50 0 50 100 150
0.674643
0.794239 Bin
0.92907
1.079857
1.24711
1.431079
1.631711
1.848601
2.080959
2.327579
2.586819
2.856591
3.134372
3.417225
3.701836
3.984568
4.261533
4.528673
4.781857
5.016984
5.230092
5.41747
5.575761
5.702068
5.794035
5.849925
5.868675
5.849925
5.794035
5.702068
5.575761
5.41747
5.230092
5.016984
4.781857
4.528673
4.261533
3.984568
3.701836
3.417225
3.134372
2.856591
2.586819
2.327579
2.080959
1.848601
1.631711
1.431079
1.24711
1.079857
0.92907
0.794239
0.674643
0.569401
0.47751
0.397893
0.329437
0.271018
0.221536
0.179933
0.14521
0.116441
0.092776
0.073448
0.057777
0.045159
0.035071
0.027063
0.020751
0.015809
0.011967
0.009001
0.006727
0.004996
0.003686
0.002703
0.001969
Frequency Table freq table reformatted Statistics

Bin size 15 #NAME? #NAME? mean 33.22727

#NAME? #NAME? std dev 22.43282
item freq cum #NAME? #NAME?
0 #NAME? #NAME? lower -56.50402
15 5 5 #NAME? #NAME? incr 1.794626
30 8 13 #NAME? #NAME? upper 122.9586
45 5 18 #NAME? #NAME? adjust 449.846
60 0 18 #NAME? #NAME?
75 3 21 #NAME? #NAME?
90 1 22 #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
Normal curve overlay Frequency Table Statistics

x normal scaled Bin size 15 mean 33.22727

-56.50402 5.966E-06 0.002684 std dev 22.43282
-54.7094 8.189E-06 0.003684 item freq cum
-52.91477 1.117E-05 0.005025 0 0 lower -56.50402
-51.12015 1.514E-05 0.00681 15 5 5 incr 1.794626
-49.32552 2.039E-05 0.009171 30 8 13 upper 122.9586
-47.53089 2.728E-05 0.01227 45 5 18 adjust 330
-45.73627 3.626E-05 0.016314 60 0 18
-43.94164 4.791E-05 0.02155 75 3 21
-42.14702 6.288E-05 0.028287 90 1 22
-40.35239 8.201E-05 0.036892 105 0
-38.55776 0.000106 0.047808
-36.76314 0.000137 0.061559
-34.96851 0.000175 0.078759
-33.17389 0.000223 0.100123
-31.37926 0.000281 0.126469
-29.58464 0.000353 0.158729
-27.79001 0.00044 0.197947
-25.99538 0.000545 0.245279
-24.20076 0.000671 0.301991
-22.40613 0.000821 0.369443
-20.61151 0.000998 0.449078
-18.81688 0.001206 0.542396
-17.02225 0.001447 0.650927
-15.22763 0.001725 0.77619
-13.433 0.002044 0.919653
-11.63838 0.002407 1.082682
-9.84375 0.002815 1.26648
-8.049124 0.003272 1.472029
-6.254498 0.003779 1.700023
-4.459872 0.004337 1.950804
-2.665246 0.004945 2.224298
-0.87062 0.005602 2.519956
0.924006 0.006306 2.8367
2.718632 0.007053 3.172886
4.513258 0.007839 3.526273
6.307884 0.008656 3.894018
8.10251 0.009498 4.272681
9.897136 0.010355 4.658258
11.69176 0.011218 5.046231
13.48639 0.012074 5.431642
15.28101 0.012914 5.809192
17.07564 0.013723 6.173349
18.87027 0.01449 6.518482
20.66489 0.015203 6.839
22.45952 0.015849 7.129503
24.25414 0.016417 7.384931
26.04877 0.016896 7.600709
27.84339 0.017279 7.772886
29.63802 0.017558 7.898253
31.43265 0.017727 7.974441
33.22727 0.017784 8
35.0219 0.017727 7.974441
36.81652 0.017558 7.898253
38.61115 0.017279 7.772886
40.40578 0.016896 7.600709
42.2004 0.016417 7.384931
43.99503 0.015849 7.129503
45.78965 0.015203 6.839
47.58428 0.01449 6.518482
49.37891 0.013723 6.173349
51.17353 0.012914 5.809192
52.96816 0.012074 5.431642
54.76278 0.011218 5.046231
56.55741 0.010355 4.658258
58.35204 0.009498 4.272681
60.14666 0.008656 3.894018
61.94129 0.007839 3.526273
63.73591 0.007053 3.172886
65.53054 0.006306 2.8367
67.32517 0.005602 2.519956
69.11979 0.004945 2.224298
70.91442 0.004337 1.950804
72.70904 0.003779 1.700023
74.50367 0.003272 1.472029
76.2983 0.002815 1.26648
78.09292 0.002407 1.082682
79.88755 0.002044 0.919653
81.68217 0.001725 0.77619
83.4768 0.001447 0.650927
85.27142 0.001206 0.542396
87.06605 0.000998 0.449078
88.86068 0.000821 0.369443
90.6553 0.000671 0.301991
92.44993 0.000545 0.245279
94.24455 0.00044 0.197947
96.03918 0.000353 0.158729
97.83381 0.000281 0.126469
99.62843 0.000223 0.100123
101.4231 0.000175 0.078759
103.2177 0.000137 0.061559
105.0123 0.000106 0.047808
106.8069 8.201E-05 0.036892
108.6016 6.288E-05 0.028287
110.3962 4.791E-05 0.02155
112.1908 3.626E-05 0.016314
113.9854 2.728E-05 0.01227
115.7801 2.039E-05 0.009171
117.5747 1.514E-05 0.00681
119.3693 1.117E-05 0.005025
121.1639 8.189E-06 0.003684
122.9586 5.966E-06 0.002684
Normal curve overlay

x normal scaled
-56.50402 5.966E-06 0.001969
-54.7094 8.189E-06 0.002703
-52.91477 1.117E-05 0.003686
-51.12015 1.514E-05 0.004996
-49.32552 2.039E-05 0.006727
-47.53089 2.728E-05 0.009001
-45.73627 3.626E-05 0.011967
-43.94164 4.791E-05 0.015809
-42.14702 6.288E-05 0.020751
-40.35239 8.201E-05 0.027063
-38.55776 0.000106 0.035071
-36.76314 0.000137 0.045159
-34.96851 0.000175 0.057777
-33.17389 0.000223 0.073448
-31.37926 0.000281 0.092776
-29.58464 0.000353 0.116441
-27.79001 0.00044 0.14521
-25.99538 0.000545 0.179933
-24.20076 0.000671 0.221536
-22.40613 0.000821 0.271018
-20.61151 0.000998 0.329437
-18.81688 0.001206 0.397893
-17.02225 0.001447 0.47751
-15.22763 0.001725 0.569401
-13.433 0.002044 0.674643
-11.63838 0.002407 0.794239
-9.84375 0.002815 0.92907
-8.049124 0.003272 1.079857
-6.254498 0.003779 1.24711
-4.459872 0.004337 1.431079
-2.665246 0.004945 1.631711
-0.87062 0.005602 1.848601
0.924006 0.006306 2.080959
2.718632 0.007053 2.327579
4.513258 0.007839 2.586819
6.307884 0.008656 2.856591
8.10251 0.009498 3.134372
9.897136 0.010355 3.417225
11.69176 0.011218 3.701836
13.48639 0.012074 3.984568
15.28101 0.012914 4.261533
17.07564 0.013723 4.528673
18.87027 0.01449 4.781857
20.66489 0.015203 5.016984
22.45952 0.015849 5.230092
24.25414 0.016417 5.41747
26.04877 0.016896 5.575761
27.84339 0.017279 5.702068
29.63802 0.017558 5.794035
31.43265 0.017727 5.849925
33.22727 0.017784 5.868675
35.0219 0.017727 5.849925
36.81652 0.017558 5.794035
38.61115 0.017279 5.702068
40.40578 0.016896 5.575761
42.2004 0.016417 5.41747
43.99503 0.015849 5.230092
45.78965 0.015203 5.016984
47.58428 0.01449 4.781857
49.37891 0.013723 4.528673
51.17353 0.012914 4.261533
52.96816 0.012074 3.984568
54.76278 0.011218 3.701836
56.55741 0.010355 3.417225
58.35204 0.009498 3.134372
60.14666 0.008656 2.856591
61.94129 0.007839 2.586819
63.73591 0.007053 2.327579
65.53054 0.006306 2.080959
67.32517 0.005602 1.848601
69.11979 0.004945 1.631711
70.91442 0.004337 1.431079
72.70904 0.003779 1.24711
74.50367 0.003272 1.079857
76.2983 0.002815 0.92907
78.09292 0.002407 0.794239
79.88755 0.002044 0.674643
81.68217 0.001725 0.569401
83.4768 0.001447 0.47751
85.27142 0.001206 0.397893
87.06605 0.000998 0.329437
88.86068 0.000821 0.271018
90.6553 0.000671 0.221536
92.44993 0.000545 0.179933
94.24455 0.00044 0.14521
96.03918 0.000353 0.116441
97.83381 0.000281 0.092776
99.62843 0.000223 0.073448
101.4231 0.000175 0.057777
103.2177 0.000137 0.045159
105.0123 0.000106 0.035071
106.8069 8.201E-05 0.027063
108.6016 6.288E-05 0.020751
110.3962 4.791E-05 0.015809
112.1908 3.626E-05 0.011967
113.9854 2.728E-05 0.009001
115.7801 2.039E-05 0.006727
117.5747 1.514E-05 0.004996
119.3693 1.117E-05 0.003686
121.1639 8.189E-06 0.002703
122.9586 5.966E-06 0.001969
Boxplot (aka box and whiskers plot) Using QUARTILE

Brand A Brand B Brand C Brand A Brand B Brand C 1400

1020 840 1430 Min 380 300 430
1560 940 1750 Q1-Min 142.5 185 342.5 1200
560 780 870 Med-Q1 202.5 220 132.5
1000
780 650 920 Q3-Med 237.5 120 332.5
990 720 1300 Max-Q3 597.5 1025 512.5 800
670 430 890 Mean 784 756 1010
510 1850 740 600
490 300 720
380 360 430 400
880 690 1050
200

0
Brand A

Using QUARTILE.EXC and

Box Plot

Brand A Brand B Brand C

1400
Min 380 300 430
Q1-Min 125 112.5 305 1200
Med-Q1 220 292.5 170
1000
Q3-Med 272.5 160 427.5
Max-Q3 562.5 985 417.5 800
Mean 784 756 1010 600
400
200
0
Brand A
Using QUARTILE

1400 Brand A Brand B Brand C

Min 380 300 430
1200 Q1-Min 142.5 185 342.5
Med-Q1 202.5 220 132.5
1000
Q3-Med 237.5 120 332.5
800
Max-Q3 597.5 1025 512.5

600

400

200

0
Brand A Brand B Brand C

Using QUARTILE.EXC and Real Statistics data analysis tool

Box Plot
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Brand A Brand B Brand C
Boxplot - Alternative Approach Using QUARTILE.INC

Brand A Brand B Brand C Brand A Brand B Brand C 1400

1020 840 1430 Q1 522.5 485 772.5
1560 940 1750 Med-Q1 202.5 220 132.5 1200
560 780 870 Q3-Med 237.5 120 332.5
1000
780 650 920 Q1-Min 142.5 785 342.5
990 720 1300 Max-Q3 597.5 1025 512.5
800
670 430 890
510 1850 740 600
490 -300 720
380 360 430 400
880 690 1050
200

0
Brand A

Using QUARTILE.EXC

Brand A Brand B Brand C 1600

Q1 505 412.5 735
1400
Med-Q1 220 292.5 170
Q3-Med 272.5 160 427.5 1200
Q1-Min 125 712.5 305
Max-Q3 562.5 985 417.5 1000

800

600

400

200

0
Brand A
1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
Brand A Brand B Brand C

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
Brand A Brand B Brand C
Boxplot with negative data

Brand A Brand B Brand C Box Plot

1020 840 1430
B
1560 940 1750 Brand A Brand B Brand C 1800
560 780 870 Min 680 0 730 1600
780 650 920 Q1-Min 125 712.5 305 1400
990 720 1300 Med-Q1 220 292.5 170 1200
670 430 890 Q3-Med 272.5 160 427.5 1000
510 1850 740 Max-Q3 562.5 985 417.5
800
490 -300 720 Mean 1084 996 1310
600
380 360 430
400
880 690 1050 Grand Min -300
200
0
Brand A

Box Plot
B
Brand A Brand B Brand C
Min 680 0 730
Q1-Min 125 712.5 305
Med-Q1 220 292.5 170
Q3-Med 272.5 160 427.5
Max-Q3 562.5 985 417.5
Mean 1084 996 1310

Grand Min -300

Brand A Br
Box Plot
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
-100
-300
Brand A Brand B Brand C

Box Plot
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
-100
-300
Brand A Brand B Brand C
Boxplot (aka box and whiskers plot)
Multiplier 1.5
Brand A Brand B Brand C
1020 840 1430 Brand A Brand B Brand C
1560 940 1750 Min 380 300 430 B
560 780 870 Q1-Min 142.5 185 342.5
2000
780 650 920 Med-Q1 202.5 220 132.5
1800
990 720 1300 Q3-Med 237.5 120 332.5
1600
670 430 890 Max-Q3 597.5 115 512.5
1400
510 1850 740 Mean 784 756 1010
1200
490 300 720 1000
380 360 430 Min 380 300 430 800
880 690 1050 Q1 522.5 485 772.5 600
Median 725 705 905 400
Q3 962.5 825 1237.5 200
Max 1560 940 1750 0
Mean 784 756 1010 Brand A

Grand Min 0

Outliers None 1850 None

Box Plot

Brand A Brand B Brand C

Boxplot - Approach for Negative Data
Box Plot
Brand A Brand B Brand C
1020 840 1430 Brand A Brand B Brand C
1560 940 1750 Min 380 360 430 Bo
560 780 870 Q1-Min 142.5 125 342.5
2000
780 650 920 Med-Q1 202.5 220 132.5
990 720 1300 Q3-Med 237.5 120 332.5
1500
670 430 890 Max-Q3 597.5 115 512.5
510 1850 740 Mean 784 696 1010
1000
490 -300 720
380 360 430 Min 380 360 430
880 690 1050 Q1 522.5 485 772.5 500
Median 725 705 905
Q3 962.5 825 1237.5 0
Max 1560 940 1750 Brand A
Mean 784 696 1010 -500

Grand Min 0

Outliers 1850
-300
Indentifying Outliers

Brand A Brand B Brand C

Box Plot

1850
-300

Brand A Brand B Brand C

Boxplot - Approach for Negative Data

Brand A Brand B Brand C Box Plot

1650 -50 1430
1560 940 1750 Brand A Brand B Brand C Box Plot
1260 780 870 Min 720 0 480 2500
780 450 920 Q1-Min 87.5 427.5 342.5
990 720 1300 Med-Q1 82.5 192.5 132.5 2000
670 430 890 Q3-Med 352.5 195 332.5
800 1850 740 Max-Q3 457.5 175 512.5 1500
750 -300 720 Mean 989 637 1060
1000
50 360 430
880 690 1050 Min 670 -50 430 500
Q1 757.5 377.5 772.5
Median 840 570 905 0
Q3 1192.5 765 1237.5 Brand A Brand B
Max 1650 940 1750 -500
Mean 939 587 1010

Grand Min -50

Outliers 100 1900

-250
Identifying Outliers

Brand A Brand B Brand C

Box Plot
2450

1950

1450 1900
-250
950
100
450

-50
nd A Brand B Brand C
-550
Dot Plot

Brand A Brand B Brand C Brand A Brand B Brand C

1020 840 1430 1 1020 2 840 3 1430
1560 940 1750 1 1560 2 940 3 1750
560 780 870 1 560 2 780 3 870
780 650 920 1 780 2 650 3 920
990 720 1300 1 990 2 720 3 1300
670 430 890 1 670 2 430 3 890
510 1850 740 1 510 2 1850 3 740
490 300 720 1 490 2 300 3 720
380 360 430 1 380 2 360 3 430
880 690 1050 1 880 2 690 3 1050

Brand A Brand B Brand C

0 0 0
Dot Plot
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Brand A Brand B Brand C
Dot Plot

Brand A Brand B Brand C

1020 840 1430 Dot Plot
1560 940 1750
2000
560 780 870
1800
780 650 920
1600
990 720 1300
1400
670 430 890
1200
510 1850 740
1000
490 300 720
800
380 360 430
600
880 690 1050
400
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0
Brand ABrand BBrand C
ROC and Classification Table

ROC Table

Observed Cumulative
Dosage Lives Dies Lives Dies FPR TPR AUC
R
0 0 1 1 0.064516 Fail-Pred
1
less than 2.00 34 3 34 3 0.935484 0.989247 0.118259 0.9
Suc-Pred
0.8
2.00 - 3.99 63 7 97 10 0.815939 0.964158 0.160998

True Positive Rate

0.7
4.00 - 5.99 88 11 185 21 0.648956 0.924731 0.184244 0.6
6.00 - 7.99 105 14 290 35 0.449715 0.874552 0.204117 0.5
Accuracy
8.00 - 9.99 123 23 413 58 0.216319 0.792115 0.142791 0.4
0.3
10.00 - 11.99 95 60 508 118 0.036053 0.577061 0.009855 Cutoff
0.2
12.00 - 13.99 9 75 517 193 0.018975 0.308244 0.003509 0.1
14.00 - 15.99 6 41 523 234 0.00759 0.16129 0.001224 0
16.00 -17.99 4 30 527 264 0 0.053763 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3
18.00 or more 0 15 527 279 0 0 0
527 279 0.889515

Estimating AUC using rectangles

ROC Table

Dosage Lives Dies Index Lives Dies FPR TPR AUC

less than 2.00 34 3 0 0 0 1 1 0.064516
2.00 - 3.99 63 7 1 34 3 0.935484 0.989247 0.118259
4.00 - 5.99 88 11 2 97 10 0.815939 0.964158 0.160998
6.00 - 7.99 105 14 3 185 21 0.648956 0.924731 0.184244
8.00 - 9.99 123 23 4 290 35 0.449715 0.874552 0.204117
10.00 - 11.99 95 60 5 413 58 0.216319 0.792115 0.142791
12.00 - 13.99 9 75 6 508 118 0.036053 0.577061 0.009855
14.00 - 15.99 6 41 7 517 193 0.018975 0.308244 0.003509
16.00 -17.99 4 30 8 523 234 0.00759 0.16129 0.001224
18.00 or more 0 15 9 527 264 0 0.053763 0
527 279 10 527 279 0 0 0
0.889515

Estimating AUC using trapezoids

ROC Table

Dosage Lives Dies Index Lives Dies FPR TPR AUC

less than 2.00 34 3 0 0 0 1 1 0.064169
2.00 - 3.99 63 7 1 34 3 0.935484 0.989247 0.11676
4.00 - 5.99 88 11 2 97 10 0.815939 0.964158 0.157706
6.00 - 7.99 105 14 3 185 21 0.648956 0.924731 0.179245
8.00 - 9.99 123 23 4 290 35 0.449715 0.874552 0.194497
10.00 - 11.99 95 60 5 413 58 0.216319 0.792115 0.123408
12.00 - 13.99 9 75 6 508 118 0.036053 0.577061 0.00756
14.00 - 15.99 6 41 7 517 193 0.018975 0.308244 0.002673
16.00 -17.99 4 30 8 523 234 0.00759 0.16129 0.000816
18.00 or more 0 15 9 527 264 0 0.053763 0
527 279 10 527 279 0 0 0
0.846834
Fail-Obs Suc-Obs
ROC Curve
1 413 58 471
0.9 114 221 335
0.8
0.7
527 279 806
0.6
0.5 0.783681 0.792115 0.7866
0.4
0.3
0.2 5
0.1
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
False Positive Rate

Classification Table

Fail-Obs Suc-Obs
Fail-Pred 413 58 471
Suc-Pred 114 221 335
527 279 806

Accuracy 0.783681 0.792115 0.7866

Cutoff 5

ROC Curve
Classification Table 1
0.9
0.8
Fail-Obs Suc-Obs
True Positive Rate

0.7
Fail-Pred 413 58 471 0.6
Suc-Pred 114 221 335 0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.9
0.8

True Positive Rate

0.7
0.6
0.5
527 279 806 0.4
0.3
0.2
Accuracy 0.783681 0.792115 0.7866 0.1
0
Cutoff 5 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
False Positive Rate
Curve
.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
e Positive Rate
ROC ROC Table

Dosage Lives Dies Dosage Lives Dies FPR TPR

2 34 3 0 0 1 1
4 63 7 2 34 3 0.935484 0.989247
6 88 11 4 97 10 0.815939 0.964158
8 105 14 6 185 21 0.648956 0.924731
10 123 23 8 290 35 0.449715 0.874552
12 95 60 10 413 58 0.216319 0.792115
14 9 75 12 508 118 0.036053 0.577061
16 6 41 14 517 193 0.018975 0.308244
18 4 30 16 523 234 0.00759 0.16129
20 0 15 18 527 264 0 0.053763
527 279 20 527 279 0 0

ROC Curve
1
0.9
0.8
True Positive Rate

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
False Positive Rate
Classification Table

AUC Fail-Obs Suc-Obs

0.064169 Fail-Pred 413 58 471
0.11676 Suc-Pred 114 221 335
0.157706 527 279 806
0.179245
0.194497 Accuracy 0.783681 0.792115 0.7866
0.123408
0.00756 Cutoff 10
0.002673
0.000816 Alpha 0.05
0 AUC 0.846834
0 Lower #NAME?
0.846834 Upper #NAME?

urve

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

ositive Rate
AUC Confidence Interval

n1 527
n2 279
AUC 0.889515
q0 0.098278 #NAME?
q1 0.009778 #NAME?
q2 0.046266 #NAME?
se 0.011096 #NAME?
alpha 0.05 #NAME?
z-crit 1.959964 =NORM.S.INV(1-B10/2)
lower 0.867767 #NAME?
upper 0.911263 #NAME?

lower #NAME? #NAME?

upper #NAME? #NAME?
Trimmed and Winsorized Data

Data Trim Winsor

3 #NAME? #NAME?
4 #NAME? #NAME?
6 #NAME? #NAME?
9 #NAME? #NAME?
9 #NAME? #NAME?
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7 #NAME? #NAME?
5 #NAME? #NAME?
4 #NAME? #NAME?
2 #NAME? #NAME?
7.65 #NAME? #NAME?

5.142857 #NAME?
M-estimators

data 0 46.95 1 #NAME? 2 #NAME?

5 mean 46.95 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
40 median 49.5 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
81 mad #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
34 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
56 c 4.685 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
12 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
89 biweight #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
23 huber #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
11 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
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62 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
3 #NAME? 4 #NAME? 5 #NAME? 6 #NAME? 7 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
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8 #NAME? 9 #NAME? 10 #NAME? 11 #NAME? 12 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
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13 #NAME? 14 #NAME? 15 #NAME? 16 #NAME? 17 #NAME?
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#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
18 #NAME? 19 #NAME? 20 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Deleting Missing Data Listwise

Poverty White Crime Doctors University Income #NAME?

Alabama 15.7 71.0 448 218.2 22.0 42,666 #NAME?
Alaska 8.4 70.6 661 228.5 27.3 68,460 #NAME?
Arizona 14.7 86.5 483 209.7 25.1 50,958 #NAME?
Arkansas 17.3 80.8 203.4 18.8 38,815 #NAME?
California 13.3 76.6 523 268.7 29.6 61,021 #NAME?
Colorado 89.7 348 259.7 35.6 56,993 #NAME?
Connecticut 9.3 84.3 256 376.4 35.6 68,595 #NAME?
Delaware 10.0 74.3 689 250.9 27.5 57,989 #NAME?
Florida 13.2 79.8 723 247.9 25.8 47,778 #NAME?
Georgia 14.7 65.4 493 217.4 27.5 50,861 #NAME?
Hawaii 9.1 29.7 273 317.0 29.1 67,214 #NAME?
Idaho 94.6 239 168.8 24.0 47,576 #NAME?
Illinois 12.2 79.1 533 280.2 29.9 56,235 #NAME?
Indiana 13.1 216.9 47,966 #NAME?
Iowa 11.5 94.2 295 189.3 24.3 48,980 #NAME?
Kansas 11.3 88.7 453 222.5 29.6 50,177 #NAME?
Kentucky 17.3 89.9 295 232.3 19.7 41,538 #NAME?
Louisiana 17.3 64.8 730 262.7 20.3 43,733 #NAME?
Maine 12.3 96.4 118 278.4 25.4 46,581 #NAME?

Number of rows without miss

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

Number of rows without missing data #NAME?

A B C D E Total Formulas in Column B

freq 5 8 6 2 4 25
p 0.2 0.32 0.24 0.08 0.16 #NAME?
log p -0.69897 -0.49485 -0.619789 -1.09691 -0.79588 #NAME?

H' 0.661989 #NAME?

max H' 0.69897 #NAME?
J' 0.947092 #NAME?

H' 0.661989 #NAME?

A B C D E Total
freq 21 1 1 1 1 25
p 0.84 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
log p -0.075721 -1.39794 -1.39794 -1.39794 -1.39794

H' 0.287276
max H' 0.69897
J' 0.410999
Brillouin’s Index of Diversity

A B C D E Total Formulas in Column B

freq 12 14 1 2 3 32
log freq! 8.680337 10.94041 0 0.30103 0.778151 35.42017 #NAME?

H 0.460008 #NAME?
k 5 #NAME?
c 6 #NAME?
d 2 #NAME?
max H 0.607604 see below
J 0.757085 #NAME?

max H #NAME?

Diversity Indices

# of eleme 32
# of catego 5

Shannon Brillouin Simpson Sm Sample

diversity i 1.232992 0.460008 D index 0.345703 0.324597
max index 1.609438 0.607604 1-D 0.654297 0.675403
homogenei 0.766101 0.757085 1/D 2.892655 3.080745
A B C D E Total
freq 6 6 6 7 7 32
log 2.857332 2.8573324964 2.857332 3.702431 3.702431 35.42017

H 0.607604
k 5
c 6
d 2
max H 0.607604
J 1
Simpson's Index of Diversity Real Statistics data analysis tool

A B C D E Total Diversity Indices

freq 5 8 6 2 4 25
p 0.2 0.32 0.24 0.08 0.16 # of elements
# of categories
D 0.232 D' 0.2
1-D 0.768 1-D' 0.8
1/D 4.310345 1/D' 5 diversity index
max index
homogeneity
tatistics data analysis tool

25
5

Shannon Brillouin Simpson Sm Sample

1.524286 1.286442 D index 0.232 0.2
1.609438 1.362646 1-D 0.768 0.8
0.947092 0.944077 1/D 4.3103448 5
Power

Sample size for t-test (single sample)

Alpha
Power Effect Size 0.05 0.01
0.80 0.2 199 296
0.80 0.5 34 51
0.80 0.8 15 22
0.90 0.2 265 376
0.90 0.5 44 63
0.90 0.8 19 27
0.95 0.2 327 449
0.95 0.5 54 75
0.95 0.8 23 32
Bonferroni and Dunn-Sidàk Corrections Holm's and Hochberg Approach

alpha 0.05 alpha 0.05

k 6 k 6

p-value Bonf α Bonf sig DS α sig p-value rank

A 0.01208 0.008333 no 0.008512 no ### #NAME? #NAME?
B 0.00356 0.008333 yes 0.008512 yes ### #NAME? #NAME?
C 0.11542 0.008333 no 0.008512 no ### #NAME? #NAME?
D 0.02155 0.008333 no 0.008512 no ### #NAME? #NAME?
E 0.03329 0.008333 no 0.008512 no ### #NAME? #NAME?
F 0.01042 0.008333 no 0.008512 no ### #NAME? #NAME?
berg Approach Benjamini-Hochberg Approach

FDR 0.05
k 6

adj α Holm sig Hoch sig p-value rank adj α BH sig

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Benjamini-Yekutieli Approach Benjamini-Hochberg Method

ᾶ #NAME? FDR 0.05

k 6 # of tests 0

p-value rank adj α BY sig test p-value rank alpha

### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 1 #DIV/0!
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 2 #DIV/0!
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 3 #DIV/0!
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 4 #DIV/0!
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 5 #DIV/0!
### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 6 #DIV/0!
sig
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
Graph of f(x) = x^2

x f(x)
-5 25
-4.9 24.01 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙)
-4.8 23.04
25
-4.7 22.09 20
-4.6 21.16 15
10
-4.5 20.25 5
-4.4 19.36 0

y-axis
-4.3 18.49 -5 4.5 -4 3.5 -3 2.5 -2 1.5 -1 01 0 .5 1 .5 2 .5 3 .5 4 .5 5
- - - - 0 1 2 3 4
-4.2 17.64 00
0 00
-4.1 16.81 0
0 00
-4 16 00
.50
-3.9 15.21 -0
-3.8 14.44
x-axis
-3.7 13.69
-3.6 12.96
-3.5 12.25
-3.4 11.56
-3.3 10.89
-3.2 10.24
-3.1 9.61
-3 9
-2.9 8.41
-2.8 7.84
-2.7 7.29
-2.6 6.76
-2.5 6.25
-2.4 5.76
-2.3 5.29
-2.2 4.84
-2.1 4.41
-2 4
-1.9 3.61
-1.8 3.24
-1.7 2.89
-1.6 2.56
-1.5 2.25
-1.4 1.96
-1.3 1.69
-1.2 1.44
-1.1 1.21
-1 1
-0.9 0.81
-0.8 0.64
-0.7 0.49
-0.6 0.36
-0.5 0.25
-0.4 0.16
-0.3 0.09
-0.2 0.04
-0.1 0.01
0 0
0.1 0.01
0.2 0.04
0.3 0.09
0.4 0.16
0.5 0.25
0.6 0.36
0.7 0.49
0.8 0.64
0.9 0.81
1 1
1.1 1.21
1.2 1.44
1.3 1.69
1.4 1.96
1.5 2.25
1.6 2.56
1.7 2.89
1.8 3.24
1.9 3.61
2 4
2.1 4.41
2.2 4.84
2.3 5.29
2.4 5.76
2.5 6.25
2.6 6.76
2.7 7.29
2.8 7.84
2.9 8.41
3 9
3.1 9.61
3.2 10.24
3.3 10.89
3.4 11.56
3.5 12.25
3.6 12.96
3.7 13.69
3.8 14.44
3.9 15.21
4 16
4.1 16.81
4.2 17.64
4.3 18.49
4.4 19.36
4.5 20.25
4.6 21.16
4.7 22.09
4.8 23.04
4.9 24.01
5 25
3 .5 4 .5 5
3 4
Gamma Function

x Γ(x) Γ(x) Γ(x)

0.5 #NAME? #NAME? 1.772454 #NAME?
-0.5 #NAME? #NAME? -3.544908 #NAME? #NAME?
-1.5 #NAME? #NAME? 2.363272 #NAME? #NAME?
-2.5 #NAME? #NAME? -0.945309 #NAME? #NAME?
Incomplete Gamma Function

x 5
#NAME? a 4
#NAME? lower #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? upper #NAME? #NAME?
gamma #NAME? #NAME?
Status Sex Score Sex Sum
Married Male 23 Male 97
Married Female 34 Female 92
Single Male 38
Single Female 12 Status Sex Sum
Divorced Male 25 Married Male 23
Divorced Female 19 Divorced Female 19
Widowed Male 11
Widowed Female 27

Person Age Salary Age Sum

Jim 34 45000 30 174000
Mary 54 80000 60 15000
Dave 23 30000
Bob 44 34000 Age Count
Jane 70 15000 30 4

Age Salary Count

30 30000 3
#NAME?
#NAME?

#NAME?
#NAME?

#NAME?

#NAME?
a f g 6 p 4 #NAME?
y 56 Z 4 G 4 #NAME?
@ go ? 7 0 2 #NAME?
% Z stop @ z 1 #NAME?
3 #NAME?

f #NAME?
go #NAME?
6 #NAME?

6 #NAME?
4
7
@

@ go ? 7 #NAME?
Symbol Z
Row # 2 #NAME?
Col # 3 #NAME?

Symbol 7
Row # 3 #NAME?
Col # 4 #NAME?
Conversion from frequency table Real Statistics data analysis t

Frequency Table Raw Data (with duplicates) Frequency Table

Score Freq Cum Score Row Count Score Freq

Alternative Version

Frequency Table

Score Freq Cum

5.0 1 1
5.1 1 2
5.2 3 5
5.5 2 7
5.6 1 8
5.7 4 12
5.8 3 15

Raw Data (with duplicates)

Score Row Count

5.0 27 0
5.1 28 0
5.2 29 2
5.2 29 1
5.2 29 0
5.5 30 1
5.5 30 0
5.6 31 0
5.7 32 3
5.7 32 2
5.7 32 1
5.7 32 0
5.8 33 2
5.8 33 1
5.8 33 0
l Statistics data analysis tool

quency Table Descriptive Statistics

Mean 5.5
Standard Error 0.07303
Median #NAME?
Mode 5.7
Standard Deviation 0.282843
Sample Variance 0.08
Kurtosis -1.31044
Skewness -0.568211
Range 0.8
Maximum 5.8
Minimum 5.0
Sum 82.5
Count 15
Geometric Mean 5.493087
Harmonic Mean 5.486055
AAD 0.24
MAD #NAME?
IQR #NAME?
=N16/N17
=N9/SQRT(N17)
=MEDIAN(Freq2Raw(J6:J12,K6:K12))
=IF(COUNTIF(K6:K12,MAX(K6:K12))>1,#N/A,SUMIF(K6:K12,MAX(K6:K12),J6:J12))
=SQRT(N10)
=SUMPRODUCT((J6:J12-N5)^2,K6:K12)/(N17-1)
=N17*(N17+1)*SUMPRODUCT((J6:J12-N5)^4,K6:K12)/((N17-1)*(N17-2)*(N17-3)*N10^2)-3*(N17-1)^2/((N17-2)*(N17-3))
=N17*SUMPRODUCT((J6:J12-N5)^3,K6:K12)/((N17-1)*(N17-2)*N9^3)
=N14-N15
=MAX(J6:J12)
=MIN(J6:J12)
=SUMPRODUCT(J6:J12,K6:K12)
=SUM(K6:K12)
=PRODUCT(J6:J12^K6:K12)^(1/N17)
=N17/SUMPRODUCT(1/J6:J12*K6:K12)
=SUMPRODUCT(ABS(J6:J12-N5),K6:K12)/N17
=MAD(Freq2Raw(J6:J12,K6:K12))
=IQR(Freq2Raw(J6:J12,K6:K12))
Real Statistics data analysis tool

Frequency Table Descriptive Statistics Raw Data

Score Freq Mean 5.5 #NAME?

5.0 1 Standard Error 0.07303 #NAME?
5.1 1 Median #NAME? #NAME?
5.2 3 Mode 5.7 #NAME?
5.5 2 Standard Deviation 0.282843 #NAME?
5.6 1 Sample Variance 0.08 #NAME?
5.7 4 Kurtosis -1.31044 #NAME?
5.8 3 Skewness -0.568211 #NAME?
Range 0.8 #NAME?
Maximum 5.8 #NAME?
Minimum 5.0 #NAME?
Sum 82.5 #NAME?
Count 15 #NAME?
Geometric Mean 5.493087 #NAME?
Harmonic Mean 5.486055 #NAME?
AAD 0.24
MAD #NAME?
IQR #NAME?
Conversion to frequency table Real Statistics data analysis tool

Raw Data Frequency Table 5.0 Frequency Table

5.1
Score Score Freq Cum 5.2 item
5.0 5.0 1 1 5.2 #NAME?
5.1 5.1 1 2 5.2 #NAME?
5.2 5.2 3 5 5.5 #NAME?
5.2 5.5 2 7 5.5 #NAME?
5.2 5.6 1 8 5.6 #NAME?
5.5 5.7 4 12 5.7 #NAME?
5.5 5.8 3 15 5.7 #NAME?
5.6 5.7
5.7 5.7
5.7 5.8
5.7 5.8
5.7 5.8
5.8
5.8 Real Statistics data analysis tool (using bins)
5.8
5 Frequency Table
5.1
5.2 Bin size
5.2
5.2 item
5.5 4.9
5.5 5.05
5.6 5.2
5.7 5.35
5.7 5.5
5.7 5.65
5.7 5.8
5.8
5.8
5.8

Real Statistics data analysis tool (using bins)

5 Frequency Table
5.1
5.2 Bin size
5.2
5.2 item
5.5 4.84
5.5 5
5.6 5.16
5.7 5.32
5.7 5.48
5.7 5.64
5.7 5.8
5.8
5.8
5.8
Frequency Table

freq prob
Histogram
0 #DIV/0! 1
#NAME? #NAME? 0.9
0.8
#NAME? #NAME? 0.7
#NAME? #NAME? 0.6
Frequency 0.5
#NAME? #NAME?
0.4
#NAME? #NAME?
0.3
#NAME? #NAME? 0.2
0 #DIV/0! 0.1
0
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Bin

nalysis tool (using bins)

Frequency Table
Histogram
8
0.15 7
6
freq cum 5
Frequency

4
1 1 3
4 5 2
0 5 1
2 7 0
1 8 5.05 5.2 5.35 5.5 5.65 5.8
7 15 Bin

nalysis tool (using bins)

Histogram
Frequency Table
8
0.16 7
6
freq cum 5
Frequency

4
1 1 3
1 2 2
3 5 1
0
5 5.16 5.32 5.48 5.64 5.8
Bin
4

Frequ
3
2
1
0 5 0
5 5.16 5.32 5.48 5.64 5.8
3 8
7 15 Bin
FREQTABLE(H3:H17)

item freq prob

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

FREQTABLE(H21:35,.15)

item freq prob

FREQTABLE(H21:35,.16)

item freq prob

Year Season Temp Year Season Temp t1 t2 t3

1990 Winter 5 1990 #NAME? 5 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1990 Spring 15 1990 #NAME? 15 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1990 Summer 28 1990 #NAME? 28 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1990 Fall 17 1990 #NAME? 17 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1991 Winter 7 1991 #NAME? 7 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1991 Spring 20 1991 #NAME? 20 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1992 1992 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1993 Winter 6 1993 #NAME? 6 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1993 Fall 18 1993 #NAME? 18 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
1994 Summer 30 1994 #NAME? 30 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Alternative Dummy Coding

t1 t2 t3
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Table Lookup

Method 1 Method 2

4 5 6 7 8 4 6
2 0.1250 0.1000 0.0833 0.0714 0.0625 a 0.1250 0.1000
3 0.0833 0.0666 0.0555 0.0476 0.0416 b 0.0833 0.0666
4 0.0625 0.0500 0.0416 0.0357 0.0312 c 0.0625 0.0500
5 0.0500 0.0400 0.0333 0.0285 0.0250 d 0.0500 0.0400

row 4 5 4.1 5 row a

col 5 8 8.9 10 col 6
value 0.0500 0.0250 0.0312 Err:502 rindex 1
cindex 2
value 0.1000
tlookup #NAME?

Method 3 Method 4

1 2 3 4 5 α = .10 4 5
1 0.1250 0.1000 0.0833 0.0714 0.0625 2 0.1250 0.1000
5 0.0833 0.0666 0.0555 0.0476 0.0416 3 0.0833 0.0666
10 0.0625 0.0500 0.0416 0.0357 0.0312 4 0.0625 0.0500
>10 0.0500 0.0400 0.0333 0.0285 0.0250 5 0.0500 0.0400

row 4 5 9 20 α = .05 4 5
col 2 2 4 4 2 0.0833 0.0667
rindex 1 2 2 3 3 0.0555 0.0444
lower 0.1000 0.0666 0.0476 0.0357 4 0.0417 0.0333
upper 0.0666 0.05 0.0357 0.0285 5 0.0333 0.0267
weight 0.75 0 0.8 1
value 0.07495 0.0666 0.03808 0.0285 α = .01 4 5
ilookup #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 2 0.0714 0.0571
3 0.0476 0.0381
4 0.0357 0.0286
5 0.0286 0.0229

row 4
col 5
α 0.05

offset 0
value 0.0333
12 20 30
0.0833 0.0714 0.0625
0.0555 0.0476 0.0416
0.0416 0.0357 0.0312
0.0333 0.0285 0.0250

d a z
12 6.1 30
4 1 #N/A
3 #N/A 5
0.0333 #N/A #N/A
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

6 7 8
0.0833 0.0714 0.0625
0.0555 0.0476 0.0416
0.0416 0.0357 0.0312
0.0333 0.0285 0.0250

6 7 8
0.0555 0.0476 0.0417
0.0370 0.0317 0.0277
0.0277 0.0238 0.0208
0.0222 0.0190 0.0167

6 7 8
0.0476 0.0408 0.0357
0.0317 0.0272 0.0238
0.0238 0.0204 0.0178
0.0190 0.0163 0.0143

5 4 5
8 5 8
0.05 0.1 0.01

0 -6 6
0.0167 0.0500 0.0143
Sampling without replacement Sampling with replacement
SHUFFLE
Pop Random Sample Pop Sample
2 0.157093 16 2 15 #NAME?
5 0.065701 22 5 2 #NAME?
7 0.420839 3 7 9 #NAME?
8 0.136594 18 8 9 #NAME?
9 0.228148 24 9 9 #NAME?
11 0.739846 8 11 20 #NAME?
15 0.527549 15 #NAME?
17 0.682117 17 #NAME?
20 0.257689 20 #NAME?
21 0.326217 21 #NAME?
1 0.429123 1 #NAME?
3 0.125268 3 #NAME?
6 0.725764 6 #NAME?
10 0.751753 10 #NAME?
12 0.900612 12 #NAME?
24 0.721091 24 #NAME?
16 0.408703 16 #NAME?
18 0.658831 18 #NAME?
19 0.957131 19 #NAME?
22 0.724397 22 #NAME?
=RANDOMIZE(E4:E23) =SHUFFLE(A4:A23)

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

Subject Before 1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks

1 56 67 50 123
2 12 18 24 29 Stress Levels by Week
3 23 24 26 27
4 8 20 28 30 45
5 3 12 13 17 40
6 5 13 11 15 35
7 19 22 25 26 30

Stress Level
8 45 78 48 117 25
9 12 20 22 24 20
10 16 22 26 29
15
11 35 56 22 102
10
12 24 26 21 23
5
13 9 12 20 23
0
14 3 9 13 16
Before 1 week 2 weeks
15 2 8 6 10
mean 18.13333 27.13333 23.66667 40.73333
std dev 16.15933 21.7317 12.08108 38.56806
s.e. 4.17232 5.6111 3.11932 9.95823
ss Levels by Week

1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks

Length of a vector

A A'
6 0.738549
-1 -0.123091
2 0.246183
5 0.615457

length 8.124038 1

ATA 66
√ATA 8.124038

Real Statistics function

LENGTH #NAME?
Inverse of a matrix

A A-1

1 1 0.666667 -0.333333
-1 2 0.333333 0.333333
Matrix Power

A A^2 A^3

1 1 0 3 -3 6
-1 2 -3 3 -6 3

A A^2 A^3

1 1 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

-1 2 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Diagonal of a matrix

Data Diagonal Real Statistics function

2 1 4 2 1 2 #NAME?
0 4 7 5 2 4 #NAME?
8 5 9 0 3 9 #NAME?
7 6 8 3 4 3 #NAME?
Determinant

6 7 8 det -12
6 4 8
1 1 2
Determinant
Det Rule Det Rule
2 4 6 5 1 1 2 3 2.5 2 3 1
4 8 7 0 4 8 7 0 0
2 3 4 3 2 3 4 3 0
3 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 0

1 2 3 2.5 -2 2 1 2 3 2.5 2 3 1
0 -1 -2 -2 0 1 2 2 0
0 0 -5 -10 0 0 -5 -10 0
0 -5 -8 -5.5 0 -5 -8 -5.5 0

1 2 3 2.5 -10 3 1 2 3 2.5 -10 4 1

0 1 2 2 0 1 2 2 0
0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0
0 0 2 4.5 0 0 0 0.5 0

Answer using MDETERM -5

Det Rule
2 3 2.5 2 4
0 -5 -10
-1 -2 -2
-5 -8 -5.5

2 3 2.5 2 4
1 2 2
0 -5 -10
0 2 4.5

2 3 2.5 -5 2
1 2 2
0 1 2
0 0 1
Solving equations using Cramer's Rule

A C A-1C
1 2 0 x 0 -0.666667
-1 1 1 y 1 0.333333
1 2 3 z 0 0

x= -0.6666667
y= 0.3333333
z= 0

1 2 0
-1 1 1
1 2 3
det A = 9

0 2 0
1 1 1
0 2 3
det A1 = -6

1 0 0
-1 1 1
1 0 3
det A2 = 3

1 2 0
-1 1 1
1 2 0
det A3 = 0
Gaussian Elimination

Non-homogeneous linear equations - unique solution

Rule Rule
1 2 0 4 3 1 2 0 4 2 1 2 0 4
-1 2 1 3 0 4 1 7 0 1 0.25 1.75
1 1 3 -1 0 -1 3 -5 0 -1 3 -5
Rule Rule
1 0 -0.5 0.5 2 1 0 -0.5 0.5 3 1 0 0 0
0 1 0.25 1.75 0 1 0.25 1.75 0 1 0 2
0 0 3.25 -3.25 0 0 1 -1 0 0 1 -1

Homogeneous linear equations - trivial solution only

Rule Rule
1 2 4 0 3 1 2 4 0 1 1 2 4 0
-1 -2 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 -1 -2 0
1 1 2 0 0 -1 -2 0 0 0 5 0
Rule Rule
1 2 4 0 3 1 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0
0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0

Homogeneous linear equations - infinite number of solutions

Rule Rule
1 1 2 0 3 1 1 2 0 2 1 1 2 0
-1 3 -4 0 0 4 -2 0 0 1 -0.5 0
1 -3 4 0 0 -4 2 0 0 4 -2 0
Rule
1 0 2.5 0 3
0 1 -0.5 0
0 0 0 0

Invert a matrix

Rule Rule
1 2 0 1 0 0 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 2
-1 2 1 0 1 0 0 4 1 1 1 0
1 1 3 0 0 1 0 -1 3 -1 0 1
Rule Rule
1 0 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 0 2 1 0 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 0 3
0 1 0.25 0.25 0.25 0 0 1 0.25 0.25 0.25 0
0 0 3.25 -0.75 0.25 1 0 0 1 -0.23 0.08 0.31
Rule
3

Rule
2

Rule
3

Rule
1 2 0 1 0 0 3
0 1 0.25 0.25 0.25 0
0 -1 3 -1 0 1

1 0 0 0.38 -0.46 0.15

0 1 0 0.31 0.23 -0.08
0 0 1 -0.23 0.08 0.31
Gaussian Elimination

Example 4: Non-homogeneous linear equations - unique solution

1 2 0 4 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###

-1 2 1 3 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
1 1 3 -1 ### ### ### ### #NAME?

Example 7: Non-homogeneous linear equations - no solutions

A C ELIM LINEQU RANK

1 1 0 4 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
-1 2 1 3 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
2 2 0 6 ### ### ### ### #NAME?

Example A: Non-homogeneous linear equations -infinite number of solutions

1 1 0 4 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###

-1 2 1 3 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
2 -1 -1 1 ### ### ### ### #NAME?

Example 8: Non-homogeneous linear equations - unique solution

A C ELIM LINEQU
1 2 0 4 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
-1 2 1 3 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
0 1 -3 5 ### ### ### ### #NAME?
1 1 3 -1 ### ### ### ###

Example 9: Non-homogeneous linear equations - infinite number of solutions

A C ELIM LINEQU RANK

1 0 3 4 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
2 0 5 5 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
3 0 8 9 ### ### ### ### #NAME?

Example B: Non-homogeneous linear equations - no solution

1 2 0 4 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###

-1 2 1 3 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
0 1 -3 2 ### ### ### ### #NAME?
2 2 0 6 ### ### ### ###

Example 5: Homogeneous linear equations - trivial solution only

1 2 4 0 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###

-1 -2 1 0 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
1 1 2 0 ### ### ### ### #NAME?

Example 6: Homogeneous linear equations - infinite number of solutions

1 1 2 0 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###

-1 3 -4 0 ### ### ### ### #NAME? ###
1 -3 4 0 ### ### ### ### #NAME?

Example 10: Matrix inversion - invertible

1 2 0 1 0 0 ### ### ### #NAME? ### ### 0.38462 -0.4615

-1 2 1 0 1 0 ### ### ### #NAME? ### ### 0.30769 0.23077
1 1 3 0 0 1 ### ### ### #NAME? ### ### -0.2308 0.07692

Example C: Matrix inversion - not invertible

1 1 2 1 0 0 ### ### ### #NAME? ### ### Err:502 Err:502

-1 3 -4 0 1 0 ### ### ### #NAME? ### ### Err:502 Err:502
1 -3 4 0 0 1 ### ### ### #NAME? ### ### Err:502 Err:502

Example D: Non-homogeneous - unique solution

2 0 4 ### ### ### #NAME? ###

2 1 3 ### ### ### #NAME? ###
1 -3 5 ### ### ###
1 3 -1 ### ### ###

Example E: Non-homogeneous - no solution

2 0 4 ### ### ### #NAME? ###

2 1 3 ### ### ### #NAME? ###
1 -3 5 ### ### ###
1 2 -1 ### ### ###

Example F: Non-homogeneous - infinite number of solutions

2 1 5 ### ### ### #NAME? ###

4 2 10 ### ### ### #NAME? ###
-1 -0.5 -2.5 ### ### ###
3 1.5 7.5 ### ### ###
0.15385
-0.0769
0.30769

Err:502
Err:502
Err:502
Newton's Method

One variable Two variables, two equations

f(x) = ex + x - 3 f(x,y) = y - ex fx(x,y) = - ex fy(x,y) = 1

f'(x) = ex + 1 g(x,y) = y + x - 3 gx(x,y) = 1 gy(x,y) = 1

iter x iter 0 1
0 2 x 1 0.806824
1 1.238406 y 1 2.193176
2 0.858974 f(x,y) -1.718282 -0.047605
3 0.793598 g(x,y) -1 0
4 0.792061
5 0.79206 J -2.718282 1 -2.240781 1
6 0.79206 1 1 1 1

J-1 -0.268941 0.2689414 -0.308568 0.308568

2
f(x) = x -25 0.268941 0.7310586 0.308568 0.691432
f'(x) = 2x

iter x x 0.79206
0 2 y 2.20794
1 7.25
2 5.349138
3 5.011394
4 5.000013
5 5
6 5
2 3 4
0.792135 0.79206 0.79206
2.207865 2.20794 2.20794
-0.000241 -6.21E-09 0
0 0 0

-2.208106 1 -2.20794 1 -2.20794 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

-0.31171 0.31171 -0.311727 0.311727 -0.311727 0.311727

0.31171 0.68829 0.311727 0.688273 0.311727 0.688273
Eigenvalues using Excel's Goal Seek tool

A I
11.60536 2.369643 -6.423214 -7.551786 1 0 0 0
2.369643 5.448214 -3.930357 -3.8875 0 1 0 0
-6.423214 -3.930357 5.233929 5.119643 0 0 1 0
-7.551786 -3.8875 5.119643 6.319643 0 0 0 1

guess eigenvalue det(A-cI) A - cI

10 5.058047 -0.000245 6.547311 2.369643 -6.423214 -7.551786

2.369643 0.390168 -3.930357 -3.8875
-6.423214 -3.930357 0.175882 5.119643
-7.551786 -3.8875 5.119643 1.261596

guess eigenvalue det(A-cI) A - cI

20 22.95897 -9.93E-05 -11.35361 2.369643 -6.423214 -7.551786

2.369643 -17.51075 -3.930357 -3.8875
-6.423214 -3.930357 -17.72504 5.119643
-7.551786 -3.8875 5.119643 -16.63932

guess eigenvalue det(A-cI) A - cI

0 0 -2.13E-13 11.60536 2.369643 -6.423214 -7.551786

2.369643 5.448214 -3.930357 -3.8875
-6.423214 -3.930357 5.233929 5.119643
-7.551786 -3.8875 5.119643 6.319643

guess eigenvalue det(A-cI) A - cI

1 0.590132 2.355E-05 11.01523 2.369643 -6.423214 -7.551786

2.369643 4.858082 -3.930357 -3.8875
-6.423214 -3.930357 4.643797 5.119643
-7.551786 -3.8875 5.119643 5.729511
Confirm with data analysis tool
22.95897 5.058046 0.590132 -3.3E-15
0.66161 -0.554004 -0.073156 -0.5
0.305309 0.808498 0.055833 -0.5
-0.455245 -0.186522 0.712714 -0.5
-0.511674 -0.067972 -0.695391 -0.5
Date Winner/tie H Loser/tie Pts W Pts L Diff Pred
Sep-06 Philadelphia Eagles Atlanta Falcons 18 12 6 2.1995847
Sep-09 Miami Dolphins Tennessee Titans 27 20 7 -4.012166
Sep-09 Pittsburgh Steelers @ Cleveland Browns 21 21 0 -0.336989
Sep-09 New England Patriots Houston Texans 27 20 7 7.1453338
Sep-09 Minnesota Vikings San Francisco 49ers 24 16 8 8.0022756
Sep-09 Jacksonville Jaguars @ New York Giants 20 15 5 -7.670426
Sep-09 Tampa Bay Buccaneers @ New Orleans Saints 48 40 8 -15.59693
Sep-09 Cincinnati Bengals @ Indianapolis Colts 34 23 11 -0.967085
Sep-09 Baltimore Ravens Buffalo Bills 47 3 44 13.647841
Sep-09 Kansas City Chiefs @ Los Angeles Chargers 38 28 10 -0.180901
Sep-09 Carolina Panthers Dallas Cowboys 16 8 8 -1.872246
Sep-09 Washington Redskins @ Arizona Cardinals 24 6 18 3.8258984
Sep-09 Denver Broncos Seattle Seahawks 27 24 3 -1.621113
Sep-09 Green Bay Packers Chicago Bears 24 23 1 -2.59846
Sep-10 New York Jets @ Detroit Lions 48 17 31 -5.033597
Sep-10 Los Angeles Rams @ Oakland Raiders 33 13 20 14.461764
Sep-13 Cincinnati Bengals Baltimore Ravens 34 23 11 -4.320161
Sep-16 Minnesota Vikings @ Green Bay Packers 29 29 0 -0.001115
Sep-16 Miami Dolphins @ New York Jets 20 12 8 -1.472104
Sep-16 Atlanta Falcons Carolina Panthers 31 24 7 3.6738784
Sep-16 Tennessee Titans Houston Texans 20 17 3 -1.20796
Sep-16 New Orleans Saints Cleveland Browns 21 18 3 12.11657
Sep-16 Tampa Bay Buccaneers Philadelphia Eagles 27 21 6 0.6062877
Sep-16 Los Angeles Chargers @ Buffalo Bills 31 20 11 8.0334195
Sep-16 Indianapolis Colts @ Washington Redskins 21 9 12 -2.608031
Sep-16 Kansas City Chiefs @ Pittsburgh Steelers 42 37 5 0.8099384
Sep-16 San Francisco 49ers Detroit Lions 30 27 3 2.9990821
Sep-16 Los Angeles Rams Arizona Cardinals 34 0 34 17.192545
Sep-16 Denver Broncos Oakland Raiders 20 19 1 10.969082
Sep-16 Jacksonville Jaguars New England Patriots 31 20 11 -12.41321
Sep-16 Dallas Cowboys New York Giants 20 13 7 5.5997795
Sep-17 Chicago Bears Seattle Seahawks 24 17 7 3.7826737
Sep-20 Cleveland Browns New York Jets 21 17 4 11.03635
Sep-23 Kansas City Chiefs San Francisco 49ers 38 27 11 12.278485
Sep-23 Philadelphia Eagles Indianapolis Colts 20 16 4 4.0004893
Sep-23 Washington Redskins Green Bay Packers 31 17 14 0.5235073
Sep-23 Carolina Panthers Cincinnati Bengals 31 21 10 1.2945773
Sep-23 Miami Dolphins Oakland Raiders 28 20 8 5.0680991
Sep-23 New York Giants @ Houston Texans 27 22 5 -6.399314
Sep-23 Baltimore Ravens Denver Broncos 27 14 13 8.4748107
Sep-23 New Orleans Saints @ Atlanta Falcons 43 37 6 9.6009351
Sep-23 Tennessee Titans @ Jacksonville Jaguars 9 6 3 4.0599143
Sep-23 Buffalo Bills @ Minnesota Vikings 27 6 21 -10.17771
Sep-23 Los Angeles Rams Los Angeles Chargers 35 23 12 5.0332255
Sep-23 Seattle Seahawks Dallas Cowboys 24 13 11 3.1015041
Sep-23 Chicago Bears @ Arizona Cardinals 16 14 2 10.301784
Sep-23 Detroit Lions New England Patriots 26 10 16 -10.26069
Sep-24 Pittsburgh Steelers @ Tampa Bay Buccaneers 30 27 3 3.1433685
Sep-27 Los Angeles Rams Minnesota Vikings 38 31 7 7.28987
Sep-30 Cincinnati Bengals @ Atlanta Falcons 37 36 1 -2.767989
Sep-30 Houston Texans @ Indianapolis Colts 37 34 3 2.9992729
Sep-30 Jacksonville Jaguars New York Jets 31 12 19 2.8810796
Sep-30 Green Bay Packers Buffalo Bills 22 0 22 7.9783563
Sep-30 Tennessee Titans Philadelphia Eagles 26 23 3 2.191756
Sep-30 New England Patriots Miami Dolphins 38 7 31 16.766392
Sep-30 Chicago Bears Tampa Bay Buccaneers 48 10 38 8.8780717
Sep-30 Dallas Cowboys Detroit Lions 26 24 2 8.9172218
Sep-30 Oakland Raiders Cleveland Browns 45 42 3 -8.774688
Sep-30 Seattle Seahawks @ Arizona Cardinals 20 17 3 8.7195765
Sep-30 Los Angeles Chargers San Francisco 49ers 29 27 2 10.25892
Sep-30 New Orleans Saints @ New York Giants 33 18 15 10.400948
Sep-30 Baltimore Ravens @ Pittsburgh Steelers 26 14 12 0.0038626
Oct-01 Kansas City Chiefs @ Denver Broncos 27 23 4 4.8799539
Oct-04 New England Patriots Indianapolis Colts 38 24 14 12.345073
Oct-07 Carolina Panthers New York Giants 33 31 2 1.527067
Oct-07 Kansas City Chiefs Jacksonville Jaguars 30 14 16 15.229618
Oct-07 Cincinnati Bengals Miami Dolphins 27 17 10 7.8551666
Oct-07 Pittsburgh Steelers Atlanta Falcons 41 17 24 5.949241
Oct-07 Cleveland Browns Baltimore Ravens 12 9 3 -1.86734
Oct-07 New York Jets Denver Broncos 34 16 18 -4.428879
Oct-07 Buffalo Bills Tennessee Titans 13 12 1 -3.284213
Oct-07 Detroit Lions Green Bay Packers 31 23 8 -2.200608
Oct-07 Los Angeles Chargers Oakland Raiders 26 10 16 16.029937
Oct-07 Arizona Cardinals @ San Francisco 49ers 28 18 10 -6.301332
Oct-07 Los Angeles Rams @ Seattle Seahawks 33 31 2 1.8715695
Oct-07 Minnesota Vikings @ Philadelphia Eagles 23 21 2 0.2833853
Oct-07 Houston Texans Dallas Cowboys 19 16 3 3.0000006
Oct-08 New Orleans Saints Washington Redskins 43 19 24 15.395208
Oct-11 Philadelphia Eagles @ New York Giants 34 13 21 -1.401335
Oct-14 Washington Redskins Carolina Panthers 23 17 6 2.2805384
Oct-14 Miami Dolphins Chicago Bears 31 28 3 -9.104303
Oct-14 Los Angeles Chargers @ Cleveland Browns 38 14 24 0.6538505
Oct-14 New York Jets Indianapolis Colts 42 34 8 -2.949215
Oct-14 Seattle Seahawks @ Oakland Raiders 27 3 24 10.389728
Oct-14 Minnesota Vikings Arizona Cardinals 27 17 10 12.103141
Oct-14 Atlanta Falcons Tampa Bay Buccaneers 34 29 5 3.7955262
Oct-14 Pittsburgh Steelers @ Cincinnati Bengals 28 21 7 2.1158317
Oct-14 Houston Texans Buffalo Bills 20 13 7 11.093572
Oct-14 Los Angeles Rams @ Denver Broncos 23 20 3 5.6931484
Oct-14 Baltimore Ravens @ Tennessee Titans 21 0 21 3.7622291
Oct-14 Dallas Cowboys Jacksonville Jaguars 40 7 33 11.069739
Oct-14 New England Patriots Kansas City Chiefs 43 40 3 3.7849891
Oct-15 Green Bay Packers San Francisco 49ers 33 30 3 5.8029245
Oct-18 Denver Broncos @ Arizona Cardinals 45 10 35 4.8979976
Oct-21 Los Angeles Chargers Tennessee Titans 20 19 1 6.9496724
Oct-21 Detroit Lions @ Miami Dolphins 32 21 11 -0.095698
Oct-21 Carolina Panthers @ Philadelphia Eagles 21 17 4 -3.672997
Oct-21 New England Patriots @ Chicago Bears 38 31 7 1.0606904
Oct-21 Indianapolis Colts Buffalo Bills 37 5 32 5.8938329
Oct-21 Tampa Bay Buccaneers Cleveland Browns 26 23 3 -1.279892
Oct-21 Houston Texans @ Jacksonville Jaguars 20 7 13 7.4683407
Oct-21 Minnesota Vikings @ New York Jets 37 17 20 7.2330894
Oct-21 New Orleans Saints @ Baltimore Ravens 24 23 1 3.6478315
Oct-21 Los Angeles Rams @ San Francisco 49ers 39 10 29 8.6907469
Oct-21 Washington Redskins Dallas Cowboys 20 17 3 -1.792174
Oct-21 Kansas City Chiefs Cincinnati Bengals 45 10 35 9.5271688
Oct-22 Atlanta Falcons New York Giants 23 20 3 3.0004792
Oct-25 Houston Texans Miami Dolphins 42 23 19 11.821524
Oct-28 Philadelphia Eagles @ Jacksonville Jaguars 24 18 6 4.0686245
Oct-28 Seattle Seahawks @ Detroit Lions 28 14 14 5.4173271
Oct-28 Carolina Panthers Baltimore Ravens 36 21 15 -5.22605
Oct-28 Chicago Bears New York Jets 24 10 14 14.233597
Oct-28 Washington Redskins @ New York Giants 20 13 7 -2.793793
Oct-28 Cincinnati Bengals Tampa Bay Buccaneers 37 34 3 3.228003
Oct-28 Kansas City Chiefs Denver Broncos 30 23 7 9.2808864
Oct-28 Pittsburgh Steelers Cleveland Browns 33 18 15 4.0639432
Oct-28 Indianapolis Colts @ Oakland Raiders 42 28 14 5.0884857
Oct-28 Los Angeles Rams Green Bay Packers 29 27 2 9.4892211
Oct-28 Arizona Cardinals San Francisco 49ers 18 15 3 -1.900399
Oct-28 New Orleans Saints @ Minnesota Vikings 30 20 10 7.1179651
Oct-29 New England Patriots @ Buffalo Bills 25 6 19 11.637507
Nov-01 San Francisco 49ers Oakland Raiders 34 3 31 7.9714833
Nov-04 Carolina Panthers Tampa Bay Buccaneers 42 28 14 2.322114
Nov-04 Minnesota Vikings Detroit Lions 24 9 15 8.8008915
Nov-04 Pittsburgh Steelers @ Baltimore Ravens 23 16 7 -4.404795
Nov-04 Atlanta Falcons @ Washington Redskins 38 14 24 -0.807126
Nov-04 Chicago Bears @ Buffalo Bills 41 9 32 8.3763505
Nov-04 Kansas City Chiefs @ Cleveland Browns 37 21 16 2.6734153
Nov-04 Miami Dolphins New York Jets 13 6 7 2.9288283
Nov-04 Los Angeles Chargers @ Seattle Seahawks 25 17 8 -0.96119
Nov-04 Houston Texans @ Denver Broncos 19 17 2 1.5196092
Nov-04 New Orleans Saints Los Angeles Rams 45 35 10 6.4294938
Nov-04 New England Patriots Green Bay Packers 31 17 14 10.260549
Nov-05 Tennessee Titans @ Dallas Cowboys 28 14 14 -4.809358
Nov-08 Pittsburgh Steelers Carolina Panthers 52 21 31 7.4226532
Nov-11 Washington Redskins @ Tampa Bay Buccaneers 16 3 13 -1.998746
Nov-11 Kansas City Chiefs Arizona Cardinals 26 14 12 16.37935
Nov-11 Chicago Bears Detroit Lions 34 22 12 11.400467
Nov-11 Cleveland Browns Atlanta Falcons 28 16 12 4.085764
Nov-11 New Orleans Saints @ Cincinnati Bengals 51 14 37 10.168458
Nov-11 Indianapolis Colts Jacksonville Jaguars 29 26 3 6.669534
Nov-11 Buffalo Bills @ New York Jets 41 10 31 -0.744152
Nov-11 Tennessee Titans New England Patriots 34 10 24 -6.152828
Nov-11 Los Angeles Chargers @ Oakland Raiders 20 6 14 11.629005
Nov-11 Green Bay Packers Miami Dolphins 31 12 19 8.7063088
Nov-11 Los Angeles Rams Seattle Seahawks 36 31 5 6.272502
Nov-11 Dallas Cowboys @ Philadelphia Eagles 27 20 7 0.3997155
Nov-12 New York Giants @ San Francisco 49ers 27 23 4 0.3183602
Nov-15 Seattle Seahawks Green Bay Packers 27 24 3 5.4171854
Nov-18 Baltimore Ravens Cincinnati Bengals 24 21 3 8.7210931
Nov-18 Dallas Cowboys @ Atlanta Falcons 22 19 3 0.398834
Nov-18 Indianapolis Colts Tennessee Titans 38 10 28 0.4091534
Nov-18 Houston Texans @ Washington Redskins 23 21 2 2.5917084
Nov-18 Detroit Lions Carolina Panthers 20 19 1 -0.443577
Nov-18 New York Giants Tampa Bay Buccaneers 38 35 3 2.9955132
Nov-18 Pittsburgh Steelers @ Jacksonville Jaguars 20 16 4 7.8182808
Nov-18 Denver Broncos @ Los Angeles Chargers 23 22 1 -7.261322
Nov-18 Oakland Raiders @ Arizona Cardinals 23 21 2 -3.870618
Nov-18 New Orleans Saints Philadelphia Eagles 48 7 41 14.002749
Nov-18 Chicago Bears Minnesota Vikings 25 20 5 4.8000417
Nov-19 Los Angeles Rams Kansas City Chiefs 54 51 3 3.0136607
Nov-22 Chicago Bears @ Detroit Lions 23 16 7 6.9995345
Nov-22 Dallas Cowboys Washington Redskins 31 23 8 6.1931065
Nov-22 New Orleans Saints Atlanta Falcons 31 17 14 14.001868
Nov-25 New England Patriots @ New York Jets 27 13 14 13.093822
Nov-25 Cleveland Browns @ Cincinnati Bengals 35 20 15 0.2523548
Nov-25 Buffalo Bills Jacksonville Jaguars 24 21 3 2.9761673
Nov-25 Philadelphia Eagles New York Giants 25 22 3 2.9995977
Nov-25 Seattle Seahawks @ Carolina Panthers 30 27 3 2.773284
Nov-25 Baltimore Ravens Oakland Raiders 34 17 17 17.243426
Nov-25 Tampa Bay Buccaneers San Francisco 49ers 27 9 18 3.9242456
Nov-25 Los Angeles Chargers Arizona Cardinals 45 10 35 14.359785
Nov-25 Denver Broncos Pittsburgh Steelers 24 17 7 -1.869549
Nov-25 Indianapolis Colts Miami Dolphins 27 24 3 6.6217853
Nov-25 Minnesota Vikings Green Bay Packers 24 17 7 4.3998173
Nov-26 Houston Texans Tennessee Titans 34 17 17 5.6088926
Dec-02 New York Giants Chicago Bears 30 27 3 -3.682092
Dec-02 Arizona Cardinals @ Green Bay Packers 20 17 3 -9.90379
Dec-02 Baltimore Ravens @ Atlanta Falcons 26 16 10 3.7526374
Dec-02 Denver Broncos @ Cincinnati Bengals 24 10 14 -1.954184
Dec-02 Miami Dolphins Buffalo Bills 21 17 4 1.4725138
Dec-02 Houston Texans Cleveland Browns 29 13 16 3.7140031
Dec-02 Los Angeles Rams @ Detroit Lions 30 16 14 9.4893628
Dec-02 Tampa Bay Buccaneers Carolina Panthers 24 17 7 2.0788184
Dec-02 Jacksonville Jaguars Indianapolis Colts 6 0 6 -2.268602
Dec-02 Kansas City Chiefs @ Oakland Raiders 40 33 7 13.64857
Dec-02 Tennessee Titans New York Jets 26 22 4 9.1414602
Dec-02 New England Patriots Minnesota Vikings 24 10 14 8.0611984
Dec-02 Seattle Seahawks San Francisco 49ers 43 16 27 9.0196437
Dec-02 Los Angeles Chargers @ Pittsburgh Steelers 33 30 3 -1.209626
Dec-03 Philadelphia Eagles Washington Redskins 28 13 15 3.5929247
Dec-06 Tennessee Titans Jacksonville Jaguars 30 9 21 8.4608468
Dec-09 Indianapolis Colts @ Houston Texans 24 21 3 -7.400205
Dec-09 Cleveland Browns Carolina Panthers 26 20 6 5.5591762
Dec-09 New Orleans Saints @ Tampa Bay Buccaneers 28 14 14 11.195995
Dec-09 Kansas City Chiefs Baltimore Ravens 27 24 3 3.0065419
Dec-09 New York Giants @ Washington Redskins 40 16 24 -1.607139
Dec-09 Green Bay Packers Atlanta Falcons 34 20 14 2.4840851
Dec-09 Miami Dolphins New England Patriots 34 33 1 -12.36546
Dec-09 New York Jets @ Buffalo Bills 27 23 4 -3.656781
Dec-09 Los Angeles Chargers Cincinnati Bengals 26 21 5 7.507604
Dec-09 San Francisco 49ers Denver Broncos 20 14 6 -0.797132
Dec-09 Detroit Lions @ Arizona Cardinals 17 3 14 1.1017831
Dec-09 Dallas Cowboys Philadelphia Eagles 29 23 6 4.800648
Dec-09 Oakland Raiders Pittsburgh Steelers 24 21 3 -10.63816
Dec-09 Chicago Bears Los Angeles Rams 15 6 9 -0.289362
Dec-10 Seattle Seahawks Minnesota Vikings 21 7 14 3.2178343
Dec-13 Los Angeles Chargers @ Kansas City Chiefs 29 28 1 -4.220031
Dec-15 Houston Texans @ New York Jets 29 22 7 8.148954
Dec-15 Cleveland Browns @ Denver Broncos 17 16 1 0.0060724
Dec-16 Minnesota Vikings Miami Dolphins 41 17 24 10.90566
Dec-16 Chicago Bears Green Bay Packers 24 17 7 6.9993928
Dec-16 Baltimore Ravens Tampa Bay Buccaneers 20 12 8 9.7486298
Dec-16 Atlanta Falcons Arizona Cardinals 40 14 26 9.6201709
Dec-16 Cincinnati Bengals Oakland Raiders 30 16 14 10.722799
Dec-16 Washington Redskins @ Jacksonville Jaguars 16 13 3 2.676166
Dec-16 Buffalo Bills Detroit Lions 14 13 1 0.8236503
Dec-16 Tennessee Titans @ New York Giants 17 0 17 -1.410045
Dec-16 Indianapolis Colts Dallas Cowboys 23 0 23 -2.199739
Dec-16 San Francisco 49ers Seattle Seahawks 26 23 3 -4.618711
Dec-16 Pittsburgh Steelers New England Patriots 17 10 7 -2.394461
Dec-16 Philadelphia Eagles @ Los Angeles Rams 30 23 7 -9.773722
Dec-17 New Orleans Saints @ Carolina Panthers 12 9 3 11.074347
Dec-22 Tennessee Titans Washington Redskins 25 16 9 3.5842145
Dec-22 Baltimore Ravens @ Los Angeles Chargers 22 10 12 -0.986977
Dec-23 Green Bay Packers @ New York Jets 44 38 6 5.0337383
Dec-23 Dallas Cowboys Tampa Bay Buccaneers 27 20 7 6.3948265
Dec-23 Philadelphia Eagles Houston Texans 32 30 2 -1.19925
Dec-23 Cleveland Browns Cincinnati Bengals 26 18 8 4.6532873
Dec-23 Atlanta Falcons @ Carolina Panthers 24 10 14 -0.727054
Dec-23 Jacksonville Jaguars @ Miami Dolphins 17 7 10 -2.248215
Dec-23 Indianapolis Colts New York Giants 28 27 1 1.1995747
Dec-23 Minnesota Vikings @ Detroit Lions 27 9 18 4.399959
Dec-23 New England Patriots Buffalo Bills 24 12 12 16.03844
Dec-23 Los Angeles Rams @ Arizona Cardinals 31 9 22 12.791612
Dec-23 Chicago Bears @ San Francisco 49ers 14 9 5 6.2009186
Dec-23 New Orleans Saints Pittsburgh Steelers 31 28 3 10.253093
Dec-23 Seattle Seahawks Kansas City Chiefs 38 31 7 -1.058375
Dec-24 Oakland Raiders Denver Broncos 27 14 13 -6.568149
Dec-30 Detroit Lions @ Green Bay Packers 31 0 31 -6.60154
Dec-30 Atlanta Falcons @ Tampa Bay Buccaneers 34 32 2 -0.605406
Dec-30 Houston Texans Jacksonville Jaguars 20 3 17 11.869273
Dec-30 Dallas Cowboys @ New York Giants 36 35 1 1.198847
Dec-30 Buffalo Bills Miami Dolphins 42 17 25 2.9284186
Dec-30 Carolina Panthers @ New Orleans Saints 33 14 19 -15.47528
Dec-30 New England Patriots New York Jets 38 3 35 17.494754
Dec-30 Chicago Bears @ Minnesota Vikings 24 10 14 0.3991093
Dec-30 Philadelphia Eagles @ Washington Redskins 24 0 24 -0.808008
Dec-30 Seattle Seahawks Arizona Cardinals 27 24 3 13.120509
Dec-30 Pittsburgh Steelers Cincinnati Bengals 16 13 3 6.5167642
Dec-30 Los Angeles Rams San Francisco 49ers 48 32 16 13.091679
Dec-30 Kansas City Chiefs Oakland Raiders 35 3 32 18.049502
Dec-30 Baltimore Ravens Cleveland Browns 26 24 2 6.2682721
Dec-30 Los Angeles Chargers @ Denver Broncos 23 9 14 2.8603891
Dec-30 Indianapolis Colts @ Tennessee Titans 33 17 16 -3.991779

Playoffs
Date Winner/tie H Loser/tie Pts W Pts L Diff Pred
Jan-05 Indianapolis Colts @ Houston Texans 21 7 14 -7.400205
Jan-05 Dallas Cowboys Seattle Seahawks 24 22 2 1.2994284
Jan-06 Los Angeles Chargers @ Baltimore Ravens 23 17 6 -3.413955
Jan-06 Philadelphia Eagles @ Chicago Bears 16 15 1 -7.283893
Jan-12 Kansas City Chiefs Indianapolis Colts 31 13 18 10.76055
Jan-12 Los Angeles Rams Dallas Cowboys 30 22 8 7.1735398
Jan-13 New England Patriots Los Angeles Chargers 41 28 13 5.8045539
Jan-13 New Orleans Saints Philadelphia Eagles 20 14 6 14.002749
Jan-20 Los Angeles Rams @ New Orleans Saints 26 23 3 -6.429494
Jan-20 New England Patriots @ Kansas City Chiefs 37 31 6 -0.615943
Feb-03 New England Patriots N Los Angeles Rams 13 3 10 0.7713284
MAE Tot Err Home Field 2.200466
3.8004153 2277.6084 Teams Pts
11.012166 Arizona Cardinals -7.773023
0.3369893 MAE Atlanta Falcons -0.353318
0.1453338 8.9317977 Baltimore Ravens 5.599786
0.0022756 Buffalo Bills -5.847589
12.670426 Carolina Panthers -1.82673
23.596928 Chicago Bears 4.729227
11.967085 Cincinnati Bengals -0.920841
30.352159 Cleveland Browns 1.53198
10.180901 Dallas Cowboys 2.245982
9.8722462 Denver Broncos -0.674559
14.174102 Detroit Lions -4.470773
4.6211127 Green Bay Packers -0.069699
3.5984603 Houston Texans 3.045517
36.033597 Indianapolis Colts -2.154223
5.538236 Jacksonville Jaguars -6.62329
15.320161 Kansas City Chiefs 6.405861
0.0011151 Los Angeles Chargers 4.386296
9.4721042 Los Angeles Rams 7.219056
3.3261216 Miami Dolphins -6.575542
4.2079601 Minnesota Vikings 2.129652
9.1165698 New England Patriots 7.990384
5.3937123 New Orleans Saints 11.44808
2.9665805 New York Giants -1.153331
14.608031 New York Jets -7.303904
4.1900616 Oakland Raiders -9.443175
0.0009179 Philadelphia Eagles -0.3542
16.807455 Pittsburgh Steelers 3.395457
9.9690819 San Francisco 49ers -3.672157
23.413208 Seattle Seahawks 3.14702
1.4002205 Tampa Bay Buccaneers -1.948378
3.2173263 Tennessee Titans -0.36291
7.0363497 Washington Redskins -1.746658
1.2784849
0.0004893 Mean 0
13.476493
8.7054227
2.9319009
11.399314
4.5251893
3.6009351
1.0599143
31.177707
6.9667745
7.8984959
8.3017839
26.260691
0.1433685
0.28987
3.7679895
0.0007271
16.11892
14.021644
0.808244
14.233608
29.121928
6.9172218
11.774688
5.7195765
8.2589201
4.5990519
11.996137
0.8799539
1.6549271
0.472933
0.7703822
2.1448334
18.050759
4.8673396
22.428879
4.2842133
10.200608
0.0299372
16.301332
0.1284305
1.7166147
6.159E-07
8.6047925
22.401335
3.7194616
12.104303
23.34615
10.949215
13.610272
2.1031409
1.2044738
4.8841683
4.0935721
2.6931484
17.237771
21.930261
0.7849891
2.8029245
30.102002
5.9496724
11.095698
7.6729969
5.9393096
26.106167
4.2798915
5.5316593
12.766911
2.6478315
20.309253
4.792174
25.472831
0.0004792
7.1784755
1.9313755
8.5826729
20.22605
0.2335974
9.7937932
0.228003
2.2808864
10.936057
8.9115143
7.4892211
4.900399
2.8820349
7.3624929
23.028517
11.677886
6.1991085
11.404795
24.807126
23.62365
13.326585
4.0711717
8.9611898
0.4803908
3.5705062
3.7394505
18.809358
23.577347
14.998746
4.3793502
0.599533
7.914236
26.831542
3.669534
31.744152
30.152828
2.3709953
10.293691
1.272502
6.6002845
3.6816398
2.4171854
5.7210931
2.601166
27.590847
0.5917084
1.4435769
0.0044868
3.8182808
8.2613215
5.870618
26.997251
0.1999583
0.0136607
0.0004655
1.8068935
0.0018675
0.9061784
14.747645
0.0238327
0.0004023
0.226716
0.2434263
14.075754
20.640215
8.8695493
3.6217853
2.6001827
11.391107
6.6820922
12.90379
6.2473626
15.954184
2.5274862
12.285997
4.5106372
4.9211816
8.2686015
6.6485695
5.1414602
5.9388016
17.980356
4.2096265
11.407075
12.539153
10.400205
0.4408238
2.8040049
0.0065419
25.607139
11.515915
13.36546
7.6567807
2.507604
6.7971323
12.898217
1.199352
13.638165
9.2893621
10.782166
5.2200311
1.148954
0.9939276
13.09434
0.0006072
1.7486298
16.379829
3.2772006
0.323834
0.1763497
18.410045
25.199739
7.6187112
9.3944612
16.773722
8.0743473
5.4157855
12.986977
0.9662617
0.6051735
3.1992499
3.3467127
14.727054
12.248215
0.1995747
13.600041
4.0384396
9.2083878
1.2009186
7.2530928
8.058375
19.568149
37.60154
2.6054062
5.1307269
0.198847
22.071581
34.47528
17.505246
13.600891
24.808008
10.120509
3.5167642
2.9083206
13.950498
4.2682721
11.139611
19.991779

MAE Tot Err

21.400205 88.33684
0.7005716
9.4139554 MAE
8.2838932 8.0306218
7.2394499
0.8264602
7.1954461
8.002749
9.4294938
6.6159434
9.2286716
red green blue code closet
amber 255 191 0 49151 #NAME?
amethyst 153 102 204 13395609 #NAME?
aquamarine 127 255 212 13959039 #NAME?
asparagus 135 169 107 7055751 #NAME?
azure 0 127 255 16744192 #NAME?
beige 245 245 220 #NAME? #NAME?
black 0 0 0 #NAME? #NAME?
blue 0 0 255 #NAME? #NAME?
bone 227 218 201 13228771 #NAME?
brass 181 166 66 4368053 #NAME?
bronze 205 127 50 3309517 #NAME?
brown 139 69 19 1262987 #NAME?
camel 193 154 107 7051969 #NAME?
charcoal 54 69 79 5195062 #NAME?
chartreuse 127 255 0 65407 #NAME?
cherry 222 49 99 6500830 #NAME?
chocolate 210 105 30 1993170 #NAME?
coffee 111 78 55 3624559 #NAME?
coral 255 127 80 5275647 #NAME?
corn 251 236 93 6155515 #NAME?
crimson 220 20 60 #NAME? #NAME?
cyan 0 255 255 #NAME? #NAME?
emerald 80 200 120 7915600 #NAME?
forest 34 139 34 2263842 #NAME?
gold 255 215 0 #NAME? #NAME?
green 0 128 0 #NAME? #NAME?
grey 128 128 128 #NAME? #NAME?
indigo 75 0 130 #NAME? #NAME?
jade 0 168 107 #NAME? #NAME?
khaki 240 230 140 #NAME? #NAME?
lavender 230 230 250 #NAME? #NAME?
lime 0 255 0 #NAME? #NAME?
magenta 255 0 255 #NAME? #NAME?
mahogany 192 64 0 #NAME? #NAME?
maroon 128 0 0 #NAME? #NAME?
mauve 224 176 255 16756960 #NAME?
mint 62 180 137 9024574 #NAME?
mustard 255 219 88 5823487 #NAME?
navy 0 0 128 #NAME? #NAME?
olive 128 128 0 #NAME? #NAME?
orange 255 165 0 #NAME? #NAME?
pear 209 226 49 #NAME? #NAME?
pink 255 192 203 #NAME? #NAME?
pumpkin 255 117 24 1603071 #NAME?
purple 128 0 128 #NAME? #NAME?
red 255 0 0 #NAME? #NAME?
rose 255 0 127 8323327 #NAME?
rust 183 65 14 934327 #NAME?
saddle 139 69 19 #NAME? #NAME?
salmon 250 128 114 #NAME? #NAME?
sand 194 178 128 8434370 #NAME?
sepia 112 66 20 1327728 #NAME?
sienna 136 45 23 1518984 #NAME?
silver 192 192 192 #NAME? #NAME?
sky 135 206 235 #NAME? #NAME?
tan 210 180 140 #NAME? #NAME?
tangerine 242 133 0 34290 #NAME?
taupe 72 60 50 3292232 #NAME?
teal 0 128 128 #NAME? #NAME?
tomato 255 99 71 #NAME? #NAME?
topaz 255 200 124 8177919 #NAME?
turquoise 64 224 208 #NAME? #NAME?
vermilion 227 66 52 3424995 #NAME?
violet 238 130 238 #NAME? #NAME?
white 255 255 255 #NAME? #NAME?
yellow 255 255 0 #NAME? #NAME?
code dist
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
red green blue code red green blue
amber 255 191 0 49151 emerald 80 200 120
amethyst 153 102 204 13395609 forest 34 139 34
aquamarine 127 255 212 13959039 gold 255 215 0
asparagus 135 169 107 7055751 green 0 128 0
azure 0 127 255 16744192 grey 128 128 128
beige 245 245 220 #NAME? indigo 75 0 130
black 0 0 0 #NAME? jade 0 168 107
blue 0 0 255 #NAME? khaki 240 230 140
bone 227 218 201 13228771 lavender 230 230 250
brass 181 166 66 4368053 lime 0 255 0
bronze 205 127 50 3309517 magenta 255 0 255
brown 139 69 19 1262987 mahogany 192 64 0
camel 193 154 107 7051969 maroon 128 0 0
charcoal 54 69 79 5195062 mauve 224 176 255
chartreuse 127 255 0 65407 mint 62 180 137
cherry 222 49 99 6500830 mustard 255 219 88
chocolate 210 105 30 1993170 navy 0 0 128
coffee 111 78 55 3624559 olive 128 128 0
coral 255 127 80 5275647 orange 255 165 0
corn 251 236 93 6155515 pear 209 226 49
crimson 220 20 60 #NAME? pink 255 192 203
cyan 0 255 255 #NAME? pumpkin 255 117 24
code red green blue code
7915600 purple 128 0 128 #NAME?
2263842 red 255 0 0 #NAME?
#NAME? rose 255 0 127 8323327
#NAME? rust 183 65 14 934327
#NAME? saddle 139 69 19 #NAME?
#NAME? salmon 250 128 114 #NAME?
#NAME? sand 194 178 128 8434370
#NAME? sepia 112 66 20 1327728
#NAME? sienna 136 45 23 1518984
#NAME? silver 192 192 192 #NAME?
#NAME? sky 135 206 235 #NAME?
#NAME? tan 210 180 140 #NAME?
#NAME? tangerine 242 133 0 34290
16756960 taupe 72 60 50 3292232
9024574 teal 0 128 128 #NAME?
5823487 tomato 255 99 71 #NAME?
#NAME? topaz 255 200 124 8177919
#NAME? turquoise 64 224 208 #NAME?
#NAME? vermilion 227 66 52 3424995
#NAME? violet 238 130 238 #NAME?
#NAME? white 255 255 255 #NAME?
1603071 yellow 255 255 0 #NAME?
Color Functions

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? color 1 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? color 2 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? 34 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? 56 #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME?

#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?

#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
Prime Numbers

1 ### #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

2 ###
3 ### #NAME? #NAME?
4 ### #NAME? #NAME?
5 ###
6 ### 2457
7 ###
8 ### #NAME? #NAME?
9 ### #NAME?
10 ### #NAME?
11 ### #NAME?
12 ### #NAME?
13 ### #NAME?
14 ###
15 ### #NAME? #NAME?
16 ###
17 ### #NAME? #NAME?
18 ### #NAME? #NAME?
19 ###
20 ###
21 ###
22 ###
23 ###
24 ###
25 ###
26 ###
27 ###
28 ###
29 ###
30 ###
31 ###
32 ###
33 ###
34 ###
35 ###
36 ###
37 ###
38 ###
39 ###
40 ###
41 ###
42 ###
43 ###
44 ###
45 ###
46 ###
47 ###
48 ###
49 ###
50 ###
51 ###
52 ###
53 ###
54 ###
55 ###
56 ###
57 ###
58 ###
59 ###
60 ###
61 ###
62 ###
63 ###
64 ###
65 ###
66 ###
67 ###
68 ###
69 ###
70 ###
71 ###
72 ###
73 ###
74 ###
75 ###
76 ###
77 ###
78 ###
79 ###
80 ###
81 ###
82 ###
83 ###
84 ###
85 ###
86 ###
87 ###
88 ###
89 ###
90 ###
91 ###
92 ###
93 ###
94 ###
95 ###
96 ###
97 ###
98 ###
99 ###
100 ###
Bitwise Arithmetic

0101101 01100
45 #NAME? 10101
101101 #NAME? 12 #NAME?
21 #NAME?
90 #NAME?
1011010 #NAME? 11101 #NAME?
22 #NAME? 11001 #NAME?
10110 #NAME? 100 #NAME?

#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

1011010 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
10110 #NAME?
Text functions

The #NAME? #NAME?

quick #NAME? #NAME?
brown #NAME? #NAME?
fox #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?

James Brown #NAME? #NAME?

Apple Pie #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
Interpolation

Spearman's Rho

n 20
α 0.02 #NAME? #NAME?
α 0.05 #NAME? #NAME?
α-linear 0.025 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
α-log 0.025 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
α-harmonic 0.025 #NAME? #NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?

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