Lesson 2: Understanding the Basic Concepts in ICT

"I think we need to be careful not to get too specific (i.e. technology
= computers) while at the same time not getting so broad that our
d(!/inition of technology includes everything from pencil and paper
to lasers and computers. I'd like to see us define technology in a
manner that looks at electronic tools we use to enhance teaching and
learning." Sally, grade teacher from Joy Egbert (2009).

1. Defined conceptually or operationally terms that are basic to the

understanding of JCT
2. Used the concepts and terms in communicating with peers for further
understanding

_Whi~h word are you famfliar with? Mark the . rd . .

you identified? Compare your perform · , wo with an X. ,How many have
. ,, ance with your classmate.

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for Leaming
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l t:"1 u~ explore , Ariou~ rc~m1rce-~ to hAve ll clear understanding of thi s lesson .
Lt't u~ unpack ~nmc- t' Onccpt~ and tcnns telAted to technology for tcr-11.: hmg and
learning You can funl,eT find more e~J1IA.nation in this hook as you go along with
your l~~sons or in other n-fcrenccs in the library or in the weh.
Herc arc ~omc tcnn~ and concepts that you need to know and understand.
1. Technology refers to a mix of process and product used in the application
of knowledge . It includes tools from pencil and paper to the latest
electronic gadgets and tools for practical tasks.
In fonnation and Communication Technology Literacy or fCT Literacy
is the use of digital technology, communication tools and/or networks to
access, manage, integrate. evaluate, create and communicate information
in order to function in a knowledge society (Guro 21, 2011 ).
3. Educational Technology refers to the use of technology in teaching
and learning. Educational technology includes both the non-digital
(flip charts, pictures, models, realias, etc.) and digital (electronic tools:
hardware, software and connections, etc.).
4. Digital Literacy is the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share and create
contents using information technologies and the Internet (Cornell
University). According to American Library Association (2018), digital
literacy is the ability to use information and communication. requiring
both cognitive and technical skills (hptts:// edweek.org. downloaded 06-
03-18).
5. Digital learning is any type of learning that is accompanied by
technology or by instructional practice that makes effective use of
~hnology. It encompasses the application of a wide spectrum of
practices which included blended or virtual learning. lt can come as
onhne or off-line which utilizes digital technology.
6. On-line digital tools and apps use an Internet connection to access
the information needed. A common example is Skype. lt is a
telecommunication ·application sotlware product that specializes in
providing video chat and voice calls between computers. tablets, mobile
devices via Internet and to regular telephones.
7. Off-line digital tools and apps cnn still be used t,ven if there is no
intc.--met access. Among tht,He are Canary Leaming, Pocket, · Evertone,
ibooks, KA LITE (Gupta, Prinyuka, 2017) downloaut.,d in e<ltech review
(July 03 , 2017).
8. Instructional technology is the theory tmd practice of design,
development, utilization, manusement. and evaluation of the processes
and resources for learning (Association for Educational Communications
and Technology, Scels, B.B. & Richey, P. C. l994).

Modi,,- I · TiltllNtig and l,Ntnlllg wilt\ l ~ An lntnldu<ltb1

Ltal011 2 • UrlOlftllntting tti. tltllll COllCtpll In ICT
 9. Software refers to program control in.structions 3nd. ~ Y t r , g
t being ~ m ft. .
documentation ; stored on di sks or tapeti wh en no . . '4-,;
· th
computcr. By extension, e term re ers fi to any aud1ov1sual materiaJ-,,
(Smaldino, 2005).
I0. Multimedia is a sequential or simultaneous UM! of a vari~ of media
formats in a given presentation or self-study program (Smaldmo, 2005 ).
11 . lnteroet is a massive network of networks, a networkfog infrastructure. It
connects millions of computers together globally, forming a network in
which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long
as they are connected to the Internet. It is generally defined as a global
network connecting millions of computers (https://www.webopedia.comJ.
12. World Wide Web (www) is also called the Web which is a graphical
environment on computer networks that allows you to access, view and
maintain documentations that can include text, data, sound and videos.
(Smaldino, 2005). It is a way of accessing information over the medium
of the Internet. It is an information sharing model that is built on top of
the Internet.
13. Web access is the ability of the learner to access the Internet at any point
during the lesson in order to take advantage of the array of available
education resources.
14. Webquest is an inquiry-oriented lesson fonnat in which most or all
information that learners work with comes from the web. These can
be created using. various programs, including simple word processing
documents that include links to websites.
15. Productivity tools refer to any type of software associated with
compµters and related technologies that can be used as tools for personaL
professional or classroom productivity. Examples: Mi~osoft Office,
Apple works - word processing, grade and record keeping, web page
production, presentation) (KFIT-Unesco 2016)
16. Technology Tool is an instrument used for doing work. It can be anything
that help you accomplish your goal with the use of technology. These
technology tools can be classified as:
(a) Data/Calculation tools. Examples: spreadsheets, Excels,
Sketchpads, probability constructor
(b) Design tools. These are used to make models and designs,
creating and building. Included here are Family Tree Maker,
GolJyGee, and Crazy Machines among others.
(c) D~s~ussi~n to?ls. There are 4 different approaches that ·
ut1hze d1scuss1on and interaction in the Internet. These are
threaded discussion forum: Blogging, Live chat and Video
Teleconferencing, Netiquette and Safety on the Net.
 (d) Email tools. Emails are great communication tools for sending
m~ssages, photographs, videos and other files. It allows you
to ~each o~t to others around the world. Examples are google
matl, Ymall, Yahoo mail and many more:
(e) Handheld devices. Handheld devices have become popular
among learners. These include Personal Digital Assistants,
global positioning system, (OPS) and geographic information
s~st~m (GIS) in the classroom, Portable electronic keyboards,
Digital Cameras, Mobile phones, Palm, Handheld computers,
17 · ~eb~ues~ is a teacher structured research experience for the students that
IS pnmanly based on use of the World Wide Web and typically takes one
or more instructional periods (Bender & Waller, 2011 ).
18. Bk>g is an online journal where posted information from both teachers
and students are arranged. There are three kinds of biogs: biogs used
for communication, biogs used for instruction, and biogs used for both
(Ferriter & Garry, 2010). . · ·
19. Wiki, an editable website usually with limited access, allows students
to c91laboratively create and post written work or digital files, such as
digital photos or videos. Wikipedia is one of the most widely recognized
of all the wikis (Watters, 2011 ).
20. Flipped classroom • utilizes a reverse instructional delivery, where the
teacher is required to use the web resources as homework or out of class'
activity as initial instruction of the lesson which will be discussed during
classtime.
21. Podcast is a video or audio inulti-media clip about a single topic typically
in the format of the radio talk show. The two basic functions of podcast
are to retrieve information and to disseminate information (Eash, 2006).
22. Google Apps is · a cloud-based teaching tool which is stored in the
Google server and is available for students both at home and in school.
It includes the gmail, a free-email for all; Google calendar - a tool
used for organizational purposes; Google sites that provide options for
developing biogs and wikis; and Google docs is used for sophisticated
word processing and editing of the document.
23. Vlog is a video blog where each entry is posted as a video instead of the
text. I

24. Facebook is a popular social networking site used by students and adults
worldwide to present information on themselves and to the world.
VOiP (voice over internet protocol) is a category of _h~dware ~d
25.
software that enables people to u~e the ln~emet as tran_sm1s sp1on hmed1um
lls by sending voice data m packets usmg 1 rat er than
for telep h one c a . .
traditional cjrcuit trahsm1ss10n.

Module 1 - Teaching and Leaming wilh Technology:An Introduction

Lesson 2 - Understanding the Basic Concepts in ICT