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Purposive Communication

The document discusses different types of listening and public speaking. It describes appreciative listening, empathetic listening, comprehensive listening, evaluative/critical listening, and discriminative listening. It also outlines different types of public speaking, including demonstrative speeches, informative speeches, persuasive speeches, motivational speeches, and debate speeches. The purpose of most speeches is described as being to inform, persuade, inspire, or entertain.

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Jovet de Leon
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2K views3 pages

Purposive Communication

The document discusses different types of listening and public speaking. It describes appreciative listening, empathetic listening, comprehensive listening, evaluative/critical listening, and discriminative listening. It also outlines different types of public speaking, including demonstrative speeches, informative speeches, persuasive speeches, motivational speeches, and debate speeches. The purpose of most speeches is described as being to inform, persuade, inspire, or entertain.

Uploaded by

Jovet de Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

LISTENING- the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to a spoken
or non-verbal message
TYPES OF LISTENING
APPRECIATIVE LISTENING- In appreciative listening, we seek certain information which
will appreciate, for example that which helps meet our needs and goals. We use appreciative
listening when we are listening to good music, poetry or maybe even the stirring words of a great
leader.
EMPHATIC LISTENING- When we listen empathetically, we go beyond sympathy to seek a
truer understand how others are feeling. This requires excellent discrimination and close
attention to the nuances of emotional signals. When we are being truly empathetic, we actually
feel what they are feeling.
In order to get others to expose these deep parts of themselves to us, we also need to demonstrate
our empathy in our demeanor towards them, asking sensitively and in a way that encourages self-
disclosure.
COMPREHENSIVE LISTENING- listening to understand the message of the speaker
EVALUATIVE LISTENING- In evaluative listening, or critical listening, we make judgments
about what the other person is saying. We seek to assess the truth of what is being said. We also
judge what they say against our values, assessing them as good or bad, worthy or unworthy.
Evaluative listening is also called critical, judgmental or interpretive listening.
DISCRIMINATIVE LISTENING- Discriminative listening is the most basic type of listening,
whereby the difference between difference sounds is identified. If you cannot hear differences,
then you cannot make sense of the meaning that is expressed by such differences.
We learn to discriminate between sounds within our own language early, and later are unable to
discriminate between the phonemes of other languages. This is one reason why a person from
one country finds it difficult to speak another language perfectly, as they are unable distinguish
the subtle sounds that are required in that language.
Likewise, a person who cannot hear the subtleties of emotional variation in another person's
voice will be less likely to be able to discern the emotions the other person is experiencing.
Listening is a visual as well as auditory act, as we communicate much through body language.
We thus also need to be able to discriminate between muscle and skeletal movements that signify
different meanings.
CRITICAL READING- Critical reading is the process of reading that goes beyond just
understanding a text.

MULTIMODAL MATERIALS- For some of your classes you may be asked to give a
presentation using visual aids, or maybe you've been told to include a multi-modal/multi-media
element in your final project. Multi-modal, in this sense, means including content other than text
such as images, videos, music or graphs. Using and searching for these materials presents their
own unique challenges use this guide as a starting place to help you find these items.

TYPES OF SPEECH AND PUBLIC SPEAKING


DEMONSTRATIVE SPEECH- The purpose of a demonstrative speech is to educate the
audience on something. It can include visual aids that add to the demonstration and describe in
practical terms how to do something. Demonstrative speeches are similar to informative
speeches but informative speeches normally do not include actual demonstrations.
INFORMATIVE SPEECH- People who give informative speeches are there to present the
audience with new information on a particular subject. They present statistics and facts about
topics such as social and economic changes in the community but they do not use visual aids in
the speech. Instead, they rely on educational information, facts, and various data so that the
audience actually learns something. If you’ve ever been to a museum and had a tour guide,
you’ve enjoyed the benefits of an informative speech. Any time that a talk is given to give the
audience details and information on a certain topic, this is an example of an informative speech.
PERSUASIVE SPEECH- Persuasive speeches are there to persuade the audience that an
opinion expressed by the speaker is the right one. Whether you’re discussing what to eat for
supper or which political point makes the most sense, these are examples of persuasive speeches.
Most people, in an attempt to persuade the audience that their point of view is the right one, use
solid facts to back up their argument. This is one of the best ways to make sure that your
persuasive speech does the trick, which means that using research and statistics to develop your
argument is always more likely to make people come to your side
MOTIVATIONAL SPEECH- A motivational speech is a unique type of speech and has the
goal of self-improvement for the audience members. With a motivational speech, you can turn a
negative situation into a positive one. These types of speeches are especially popular in business
meetings with executives, to complete a certain task, or to encourage employees to sell more of
your product or service. Motivational speeches can be found in elementary school to high school
in order to motivate the students to do better on a test or in a sporting event. The speeches are
great for inspiring people, lifting a person’s self-esteem, or even motivating an entire crowd of
people.
DEBATE SPEECH- In a formal debate, much verbal sparring is experienced and the debates
come in various forms as well. These forms include Parliamentary, classical, extemporaneous,
Lincoln-Douglas, impromptu, public forum, and mock trials, to name a few. As a general rule, in
a debate, both sides get equal time to discuss the issue and explain why their view of the issue is
the right one. Debates are somewhat different than persuasive speeches because you aren’t
necessarily there to get the other side to switch to your side; instead you are there, in essence, to
justify why you believe a certain thing.

PURPOSE OF SPEECH-The general purpose of a speech varies depending on what the


speaker wants to achieve. Most speeches fall into 4 areas:

1. To inform

2. To persuade

3. To Inspire or simply

4. To Entertain

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