CBSE Class 12 NCERT Exemplar Solutions: Chemistry

NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Class 12 – Chemistry
Chapter 9 – Coordination Compounds

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. 24 Arrange the following complexes in the increasing order of conductivity of their
solution
[Co(NH3)3Cl3], [Co(NH3)4Cl2] Cl, [Co(NH3)6]Cl3. [Cr(NH3)5Cl]Cl2
Answer. Ions or molecules present outside the coordination Sphere are ionisable A complex
which gives more ions on dissolution, is more conducting.
Co  NH3  3 Cl3   Co  NH3  4 Cl2  Cl  Cr  NH3  5 Cl  Cl 2  Co  NH 3  6  Cl3
1 ion   2 ions  3 ions  4 ions

Here, number of ions increases and conductivity increases

Question. 25 A coordination compound CrCl3.4H2O precipitates silver chloride when treated,

with silver nitrate. The molar conductance of its solution corresponds to a total of two ions.
Write structural formula of the compound and name it.
Answer. Formation of white precipitate with AgNO3 shows that atleast one Cl ion is present
outside the coordination sphere. Moreover only two ions are obtained in solution, so only
one Cl present outside the sphere. Thus, the formula of the complex is [Co(H2O)4Cl2]Cl
and its IUPAC name is Tetraaquadichloridocobalt (III) chloride.

Question. 26 A complex of the type [M(AA)2X2]n+ is known to be optically active. What does
this indicate about the structure of the complex? Give one example of such complex.
Answer. An optically active complex of the type [M(AA)2X2]n+ indicates cis-octahedral
structure,
e.g., cis-[Pt (en)2Cl2]2+ or cis-[Cr(en)2Cl2]+ because its mirror image isomers are non-
superimposable.

Non-superimposable isomers of [Pt(en)2CI2]2+.

Question. 27 Magnetic moment of [MnCl4]2 is 5.92 BM. Explain giving reason present.
CBSE Class 12 NCERT Exemplar Solutions: Chemistry

Answer. The magnetic moment 5.92 BM shows that there are five unpaired electrons present in
the d-orbitals of Mn2+ ion. As a result, the hybridisation involved is sp3 rather than dsp2.
Thus tetrahedral structure of [MnCl4]2− complex will show 5.92 BM magnetic moment
value.

Question. 28 On the basis of crystal field theory explain why Co(III) forms paramagnetic
octahedral complex with weak field ligands whereas it forms diamagnetic octahedral
complex with strong field ligands.
Answer. With weak field ligands; ∆0 < P, (pairing energy) so, the electronic configuration of Co
(III) will be t24g eg2 i.e., it has 4 unpaired electrons and is paramagnetic.

With strong field ligands, ∆0 < P, (pairing energy), so pairing occurs thus, the electronic
configuration will be t24g eg2 It has no impaired electrons and is diamagnetic.

Question. 29. Why are low spin tetrahedral complexes not formed?
Answer. In tetrahedral complex, the d-orbital is splitting to small as compared to octahedral. For
4
same metal and same ligand  t   0
9
Hence the orbital splitting energies are not enough to force pairing. As a result, low spin
configurations are rarely observed in tetrahedral complexes.

Question. 30. Give the electronic configuration of the following complexes on the basis of
crystal field splitting theory. [CoF6]3,[Fe(CN)5]4- and [Cu(NH3)5]2+.
Answer. According to spectrochemical series, ligands can be arranged in a series in the order of
increasing field strength i.e., F < NH3 <CN
Hence, CN and NH3 being strong field ligand pair up the t2g electrons before filling egset.
[CoF6]3;Co3+ =(d6) t24g eg2
CBSE Class 12 NCERT Exemplar Solutions: Chemistry

Question. 31. Explain why [Fe(H2O)6]3+ has magnetic moment value of 5.92 BM whereas
[Fe(CN)6]3 has a value of only 1.74 BM?
Answer. As we know, m  n(n  2BM
where, m= magnetic moment
n. = number of unpaired electrons
Here, n= 1.74 i.e., n = 1
and m= 5.92 i.e., n = 5
[Fe(CN)6]3 involves d2sp3 hybridisation with one unpaired electron (magnetic moment
1.74 BM) and [Fe(H2O)6]3+ involves sp3d2 hybridisation with five unpaired electrons
(because magnetic moment equal to 5.92 BM).
CN is stronger ligand than H2O according to spectrochemical series. ∆0 > P for CN fourth
electron will pair itself. Whereas for water pairing will not happen for [Fe(CN)6]3
electronic configuration of Fe3+ is
CBSE Class 12 NCERT Exemplar Solutions: Chemistry

One unpaired electron

For [Fe (H2O) 6]3+ the electronic configuration of Fe3+ is

Five unpaired electron

Hence, [Fe(CN)6]3- and [Fe(H2O)6f: are inner orbital and outer orbital complex
respectively.

Question. 32. Arrange following complex ions in increasing order of crystal field splitting
energy (∆0).
[Cr(Cl)6]3Cr(CN)6]3,[Cr(NH3)6]3+.
Answer. CFSE is higher when the complex contains strong field ligand. Thus, crystal field
splitting energy increases in the order
[Cr(Cl)6]3 < Cr(CN)6]3+< [Cr(NH3)6]3+
Because according to spectrochemical series the order of field strength is
Cl < NH3 < CN

Question. 33. Why do compounds having similar geometry have different magnetic moment?
Answer. It is due to the presence of weak and strong field ligands in complexes. If CFSE is high,
the complex will show low value of magnetic moment and vice-versa, e.g. [CoF6]3 and
[Co(NH3)6]3, the formal is paramagnetic, and the latter is diamagnetic because F is a
weak field ligand and NIH3 is a strong field ligand while both have similar geometry.

Question. 34. CuSO4. 5H2O is blue in colour while CuSO4 is colourless. Why?
Answer. In CuSO4.5H2O, water acts as ligand and causes crystal field splitting. Hence, d-d
transition is possible thus CuSO4. H2O is coloured. On the other hand, in the anhydrous
CuSO4 due to the absence of water (ligand), crystal field splitting is not possible and hence,
it is colourless.
CBSE Class 12 NCERT Exemplar Solutions: Chemistry

Question. 35. Name the type of isomerism when ambidentate ligands are attached to central
metal ion. Give two examples of ambidentate ligands.
Answer. Ligands having more than one different binding positions are known as ambidentate
ligands. e.g., SCN has two different binding positions S and N. Coordination compound
containing ambidentate ligands are considered to show linkage isomerism due to presence
of two different binding positions.
e.g., (i) [Co(NH3)5SCN]3+ and
(ii) [Fe(NH3)5(NO2)]3+

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