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    Phonology in Batak Toba Language

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    Elisa_Kurnia_9784
    This document discusses the Batak Toba language spoken in North Sumatra, Indonesia. It begins by providing background on the Batak people and dialects. The main body of the document then analyzes the vowels, consonants, and diphthongs that make up the Batak Toba language. For each phonetic element, it provides examples of words in Batak Toba and their meanings in English and Indonesian. While the vowels, consonants, and some diphthongs are similar to English, others are unique to Batak Toba. The document aims to explain the phonetic structure of Batak Toba for linguistic study.

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    Phonology in Batak Toba Language

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    Elisa_Kurnia_9784
    1K views6 pages
    This document discusses the Batak Toba language spoken in North Sumatra, Indonesia. It begins by providing background on the Batak people and dialects. The main body of the document then analyzes the vowels, consonants, and diphthongs that make up the Batak Toba language. For each phonetic element, it provides examples of words in Batak Toba and their meanings in English and Indonesian. While the vowels, consonants, and some diphthongs are similar to English, others are unique to Batak Toba. The document aims to explain the phonetic structure of Batak Toba for linguistic study.

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    this was my final phonology assignment.

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    This document discusses the Batak Toba language spoken in North Sumatra, Indonesia. It begins by providing background on the Batak people and dialects. The main body of the document then analyzes the vowels, consonants, and diphthongs that make up the Batak Toba language. For each phonetic element, it provides examples of words in Batak Toba and their meanings in English and Indonesian. While the vowels, consonants, and some diphthongs are similar to English, others are unique to Batak Toba. The document aims to explain the phonetic structure of Batak Toba for linguistic study.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    1K views6 pages

    Phonology in Batak Toba Language

    Uploaded by

    Elisa_Kurnia_9784
    This document discusses the Batak Toba language spoken in North Sumatra, Indonesia. It begins by providing background on the Batak people and dialects. The main body of the document then analyzes the vowels, consonants, and diphthongs that make up the Batak Toba language. For each phonetic element, it provides examples of words in Batak Toba and their meanings in English and Indonesian. While the vowels, consonants, and some diphthongs are similar to English, others are unique to Batak Toba. The document aims to explain the phonetic structure of Batak Toba for linguistic study.

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    of 6

    CHAPTER I

    INTRODUCTION
    Batak is the major language that used in North Sumatra Province especial
    ly in the deepest of North Sumatra. In Medan-the Capital City of North Sumatra P
    rovince, most people use Indonesian because they are new comer in there. But if
    we come to outskirts, such as Pematang Siantar, Kisaran, Balige, Brastagi, and s
    o on, most of people still use batak language to communicate. Batak language is
    the mother tongue of bataknese. It’s spoken natively by them. Batak language also
    has many dialects, such as Batak Toba language, Karo language, Mandailing langua
    ge, Simalungun language, and Pak-Pak language. They have different dialect and s
    ome different word. The oldest one is Batak Toba language. Because the native of
    Bataknese come from Toba Island, even there are more Batak tribes in North Suma
    tra, they just an interpreatation of Batak Toba. But Batak language also has dif
    ferent words to day something, for example Batak Toba says “unang” but Batak Mandail
    ing says “Inda”. Both of them is the meaning of “No” in English.
    In this paper, me as a writer only concern with Batak Toba Language, bec
    ause my mother is from Toba Island. In Batak, they only use “ε” b caus if th y th y t
    ongu is not familiar with “ ” or anoth r soft pronouncing sound.Th Batak Toba also
    has vow ls, consonants, and diphtongs lik nglish. But th vow ls, consonants,
    and diphtongs in this languag ar diff r nt from English. Som of th m ar sam
    and som of th m ar diff r nt. M as a writ r of this pap r will xplain abou
    t it.
    This pap r not only disscuss about th vow ls, consonants, and diphthongs in Ba
    tak Toba Languag , but this pap r also giv th xampl and transcrib of ach v
    ow l, consonant, and diphthongs hat is us d in Batak Toba Languag .

    CHAPTER II
    DISCUSSION
    2.1 Vow ls in Batak Toba Languag
    Vow ls ar sp ch sounds that mad by shaping th oral cavity and no abst
    raction of th air flowth. Th vow ls in English ar : /ɑ/ /æ/, /i/, /ɛ/, / /, /u/, /α n
    d soon. In B t k Tob  L ngu ge, there re so m ny vowels too. such s / /, i/i/
    , ɛ/ɛ/, u/u/, o/o/. Thos vow ls ar classifi d into front vow ls, c ntral vow ls,
    back vow ls, high vow ls, low vow ls, and mid vow ls. L t w s it on th tabl
    b low.
    Tabl of vow l phon m s of Batak Toba Languag
    H igth Front C ntral Back
    High i/i/ u/u/
    Mid ɛ/ɛ/ o/o/
    Low a/a/
    Th tabl abov xplains about vow ls in Batak Languag . Now w will s
    th xampl of ach vow l.
    Vow l a:
    Vow l a Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon sian
    Aha /a’hha/ What Apa
    Amma /a’mma/ Fath rhood K bapakan
    Alusi /a’llusi/ Watch out! P rhatikan!
    Alai /ala’i/ But T tapi

    Vow l i:
    Vow l i Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon sian
    Ito /I’tok/ Broth r Abang
    Is /i’sɛ/ Who Siapa
    Ima /i’ma/ That is Itulah
    ingkon /i’kkon/ Must b Harus
    Vow l u:
    Vow l u Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon sian
    Unang /u’nang/ Dont Jangan
    Udan /u’dan/ Rain Hujan
    tuson /tu’son/ Com h r K sini!
    marudut /mar’du’rut/ Continously B rturut-turut
    Vow l ɛ:
    Vow l ɛ Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon sian
    Eta /ɛ’ta/ L t’s go Ayo
    Eda /ɛ’dak/ Sist r in law Ipar p r mpuan
    End /ɛ’ddɛ/ Song Lagu

    Vow l o:
    Vow l o Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon sian
    Oto /ot’to/ Stupid Bodoh
    Dolok /’dolok/ Hill Bukit
    On /’On/ This Ini
    Olo /o’lok’/ Y s Ya
    Otik /o’tiik/ Littl S dikit
    Th xampl s abov xplain about th vow l that oft n us d in Batak Toba Languag
    . Th r ar so many xampl to show th vow ls that is us d in Toba Languag . B
    ut in this pap r th writ r just disscuss about som of th m.

    2.2 Consonants in Batak Toba Languag


    Consonant is a sp ch sound that is articulat d with compl t or partia
    l closur of th vocal tract. W will s th consonant that is us d in Batak To
    ba Languag in th tabl b low.
    Tabl of consonant phon m s of Malay
    Bilabial
    Labio-
    D ntal
    D ntal
    Alv olar
    Post-
    Alv olar
    Palatal
    V lar
    Uvular
    Glottal
    Nasal
    m /m/ n /n/ - ng /ŋ/
    Plosiv
    p /p/ b /b/ t /t/ d /d/ k /k/ g /ɡ/
    Affricat
    - j /dʒ/
    Fricativ
    - s /s/ - -
    h /h/
    Approximant
    - w /w/
    Lat ral
    l /l/
    Trill
    r /r/

    Th tabl abov xplains about th consonant that is us d in Malay of T


    mbilahan. Th tabl also giv xplanation about wh n th consonants occur. To mo
    r xplanation l t w s th xapl nation of ach cononants.
    Consonant b:
    Consonant b Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Borngin /bor’ngin/ Night Malam
    Biar /’biar/ Scar Takut
    Boru /bo’ru/ Daught r Anak P r mpuan
    Consonant d:
    Consonant d Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Dongan /do’ ŋan/ Fri nd T man
    Dohot /do’hot/ Follow Ikut
    D ba /dɛ’ba/ Apart S bagian
    Consonant g:
    Consonant g Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Gokkon /go’kkon/ Invitation Undangan
    Godang /go’dang/ Much Banyak
    Ganjang /gaj’jang/ Long Panjang
    Consonant h:
    Consonant h Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Horas /ho’ras/ Gr ting Word Haloo, s lamat!!
    Hamu /ha’mu/ You Kamu (sapaan halus)
    Ho /’ho/ You Kau
    Consonant j:
    Consonant j Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Jugul /Ju’gul/ Bad ( for human) Nakal, band l
    Jalo /ja’lo/ Asking (for som thing; asking for mon y) M minta ( x: min
    ta dulu uang tant mu)
    Jolma /jol’ma/ Human Manusia
    Consonant k:
    Consonant k Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Pabidangkon /pa’bi’dak’kon/ Ext nsify M mp rluas
    Poltak /pol’tak/ Ris T rbit
    Tingki /tik’ki/ Tim waktu
    Consonant l:
    Consonant l Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Lambok /lab’bok/ Smooth L mbut
    Lamtiur /lam’tiur/ Mor bright S makin t rang
    Loja /lo’ja/ tir d L tih
    Consonant m:
    Consonant m Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Mulak /mu’lak/ R turn hom Pulang
    Molo /mo’lo/ If Kalau
    Mardalan /mar’da’lan/ Walking B rjalam
    Consonant n:
    Consonant n Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Ninna /nin’na/ says Katanya
    Nasida /na’si’da/ Th y M r ka
    Marnida /mar’ni’da/ Looking M lihat
    Consonant p:
    Consonant p Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Pusuk /pu’suk/ Tip of som thing Pucuk
    Pitung /pi’tuŋ/ Blind Buta
    Pidong /pi’doŋ/ Bird Burung
    Consonant r:
    Consonant r Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Rongit /ro’ŋit/ Mosquito Nyamuk
    Ranggiting /raŋ’gitiŋ/ B L bah
    Ringgas /riŋ’gas/ Dilig nt Rajin
    Consonant s:
    Consonant s Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Sud /su’d / All S mua
    Sada /sa’da’/ On Satu
    Songon /so’ŋon/ Lik S p rti (for similarity)
    Consonant t:
    Consonant t Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Tolu /to’lu/ Thr Tiga
    Tangiang /ta’ŋi’aŋ/ Pray r Do’a
    Tarsonggot /tar’soŋ’got/ Shock Kag t
    Consonant w:
    Consonant w Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning in Indon
    sian
    Inang Tua /i’naŋ twa/ Th old r sist r of your par nts Mama tua
    Mboi /m’bowi/ Can Bisa, Bol h
    Consonant ng:
    Consonant y, ny, ng Phon tic Transcription M aning in English M aning
    in Indon sian
    Biang /’Biaŋ/ Dog Anjing
    Nunga /’Nuŋa/ Alr ady sudah
    B caus of th ifflu nc from moth r tongu som consonant cannot b pro
    nouncing w ll, th y ar /C/, /F/, /V/, xampl wh n Nativ say “Cumi-cumi” it b com
    s “sumi-sumi”, wh n th y pronouncing “Cacing” it b com s “sassing” and wh n th y pronouncin
    a nam lik “Fortiana” it b com s “Portiana” and also “Viktor” b com s “piktor”.
    In Toba Languag th r is no Consonant Y, Z, and ʒ. That’s all of th consonant that
    is us d in Toba Languag .
    2.3 Diphtongs In Batak Toba Languag
    Diphthongs ar transcrib d with two vow l symbols, indicating th b ginn
    ing and nd points of th articulation. Th xampl of diphthong in English ar
    sound /ai/ and /au/, such as in word “high /hai/” and “how /hau/”. But in Toba Lnguang ,
    th r ar th oth r diphthong b sid /ai/ and /au/, such as /ai/, /au/, /oi/, /
    ou/, /ao/, /a /, /ua/,/aɛ/, and / a/.H r ar th word xampl of diphthong in Bat
    ak Toba languag :
    No Diphthong Exampl of word Phon tic transcription M aning in Engli
    sh M aning in Indon sian
    1 ai Paima /paima/ Waiting M nunggu
    2 au Ahu /au/ M Saya
    3 ou ompung /ou’puŋ/ Grandpar nts N n k / kak k
    4 Ao Bao /bao/ Broth r in law Ipar laki laki
    5 a Bah n /’Ba n/ Making Buat/bikin
    6 ua Tuani /tuani/ Incid ntally K b tulan
    7 aɛ A k /’aɛk/ Wat r Air
    8 a Marm am /Mar’m am/ Playing B rmain
    Th xampl s abov giv us th information that th r ar a lot of diphthong in
    Batak Toba languag which is diff r nt from English.

    Chapt r III
    CONCLUSION
    Vow ls sp ch sounds that mad by shaping th oral cavity and no abstraction of
    th air flow. Thos vow ls ar classifi d into front vow ls, c ntral vow ls, bac
    k vow ls, high vow ls, low vow ls, and mid vow ls. Vow ls in English and Vow ls
    in Batak Toba Languag ar Diff r nt. Ev n som of th m hav similarity.
    Consonant is a sp ch sound that is produc d/articulat d by constricting th vo
    cal tract. Diphthongs ar transcrib d with two vow l symbols, indicating th b g
    inning and nd points of th articulation. As w know, in Batak Toba Languag , t
    h r ar No Consonants C, F, V, and Z, b caus of th y natur .
    From th xplanation abov , w can g t th mor information about Toba languag ,
    w ath r th diff r nc b tw n Toba languag and English and also th vow ls, c
    onsonants, and diphthongs in Toba languag .
    REFERENCE
    Sloat, Claranc . Introduction to Phonology. Pr ntic -Hall. 1978: Unit d Stat s o
    f Am rica.
    Dau r, R b cca M. Accurat English a compl t cours in pronunciation. Pr ntic -
    Hall. 1993: N w J rs y.
    Hutagalung, W.M. Pustaha Batak-Tarombo dohot Turiturian ni Bangso Batak. Tulus J
    aya. 1991.

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