Introduction

Coir is one of the natural fibers extracted from the matured coconut husks that are
used in producing multiple eco- friendly products. Coir is rough and uneven short
fibers which are naturally strong thick commercial fibers. Coir is sorted by two
means brown coir and white coir. Brown coir is extracted from the matured
coconuts and white coir is from the immature coconuts. These fibers are one of the
most durable ones and has low decomposition rate because of highest
concentrations of lignin thus it is used for many purposes. There are several
environmental benefits out of coir like, in eradicating erosion by putting a
geotextiles blankets on the soil, it is also a good water absorbent were the moisture
is stored and supplied to the plants when necessary, likewise there are many uses
of coir is horticulture field. Coir is also used for several purposes in making of the
products like sacking, doormats, brushes, mattresses, rugs, insulation panels and
packaging. Now days the artisans have been experimental with natural fibers in
making products of various kinds and forms. The structure of coir strands has
changed from just being in bundle to a versatile important strand in a coirs.

OBJECTIVES

(i) To study the growth and development of coir cooperative units in

Tamil Nadu;

(ii) To review the performance of the coir cooperatives in selected

districts of Tamil Nadu;

(iii) To find the factors influencing the effective performance of coir

cooperatives in study districts;

iv) To review the problems faced by the coir societies in Tamil Nadu; (
(v) To suggest concrete measures for raising the economic status of coir
cooperatives.

 To focus on cost reduction and technology up gradation in order

to become
competitive in each line of business.

 To constantly innovate and develop new products and services to

satisfy
customer requirements.

 To compete through speed, agility and flexibility in recognizing

and
capturing opportunities in existing markets.

 To invest sufficiently to stay in the game but avoid premature

Commitments.

HYPOTHESES
i) The growth performance of employment generated by the coir
cooperatives in Tamil Nadu is much more than other variables; such as
Production, Sales Finance;

ii) The role of input elasticity of labour is more effective than the
function of capital to raise the level of production in coir cooperatives,
iii) Sales is the important factor influencing the profit level of coir
societies in the selected study districts.
 Coirs manufacturing

2. Coir Yarn
Coir Yarn is generally of 2 ply, spun from coir fibre by hand as well as with the help of
traditional ratts, fully automatic spinning machines etc. Coir yarn is the raw material for
the manufacture of a whole range of coir products. Today coir yarn is available in a
range of colors that make them ideal for use in versatile applications.

3. Coir Ropes
Coir rope-making is a common cottage industry in India. The Coconut fibre is attached
to hooks on a wheel that is turned by hand. This twists the coir while more is added. It
forms a strong rope that doesn’t unwind or break. Among the natural fibre, coir has
some unique characteristic particularly its rigidity, durability and friction.

The number of strands required for a strand of rope is determined by the diameter of the
strand and the fineness of the yarn used. The diameter of the strand is in turn
determined by the diameter of the rope and number of the strands constituting the rope.
Therefore, by varying the number of yarns in the strand and the number of the strands,
rope of any size can be made.

4. Coir Mats

Coir Mats are made on handlooms, power looms or frames and with or without brush. It
is available in a range of colors, sizes and designs. The brushing qualities of coir
doormats and their ability to keep the dirt away make the product a unique one. Mats
are available in plain, natural and bleached, available with woven or stencilled designs
and beveled patterns for use in interior or exterior door fronts.

5. Coir Matting
Coir Matting is primarily used as a floor furnishing material. It is widely used in exhibition
and fairs as a temporary but neat and elegant floor coverings. Because of its sound
deadening characteristics, it is being used on a large scale for furnishing stairs,
corridors, and auditorium and cinema halls. A wide range of attractive designs and
colours as well as quality makes it a favorites item for interior decorators.
6. Coir Tiles
Mattings are cut, rubberized and finished with narrow straight edges, enabling it to be
laid together to form tiles. Coir Tiles have inherent strength for durability and strength as
it is made out of the strong fibers of coconut husks. Strong and eco-friendly Coir Tiles
come in innovative designs so that it can make the floors look classy.

7. Coir Mattings Pitches

The coir mattings for cricket pitches are special type of matting. It may be provided with
canvas or leather bindings at the 2 ends. It is used to cover the Pitch to protect it from
the adverse effects of Rain, Moisture, Storm and other Natural Factors. It is durable and
requires low maintenance.

8. Coir Rugs
Coir Mattings cut to specified length, and suitably finished are marketed as ‘Coir Rugs’.
Coir rugs are available in plain natural colour of the fibre, or in different shades, in
woven patterns or printed designs. Rugs of various sizes with attractive designs are
specially produced for overseas markets.

Company profile PROFILE

1.1 BACKGROUND

s.n.r Coir Exports and one of the largest manufacturers & exporters of coir
products from Coimbatore. S.n.r Coir Exports is registered as a Limited Liability
company under the companies

Mission

To consistently deliver high quality, eco-friendly coir products to customers’ total

satisfaction by committed adherence to proven processes and latest technology,
spurred by set of committed individuals who are driven by an irrepressible desire
to work as a team towards a common goal

VISION STATEMENT:

To become the pioneers in the world of coir business.

 Corporate Values
• Total commitment to Quality
• Dynamism and Professionalism
• Continuous Improvement and Development
• Human Centered Management
• Right Attitudes and Uncompromising Integrity

Products
At present the Company is capable of producing a wide range of coir dust and
coir fiber products as mentioned in the Products page. All the Products are
manufactured from clean coco peat and fiber being processed at every stage by
expert staffs. They can be produced as a 100% natural material without any
other bonding or synthetic materials backing to give extra strength to the product .

 Facilities
s.n.r. Coir Exports in-house production facility consists of the most modern
machineries for Baling, Briquetting, Grow bag Manufacturing, Twine
Manufacturing and pots manufacturing. In addition most efficient technologies
are being used in operations like drying, blending, packing. S.n.r. Coir Exports
also has strong R&D department, design studio and a highly experienced
workforce.
 Quality

The company employs the concept of Total Quality Management. The main aim
of the organization is to obtain 100 % satisfaction of its customers by supplying
fine and high quality products. The company owns the RHP certificate together
with SA 8000 Certificate.

Its stringent quality control process matches the manufacturing strength. From
the procurement of raw coir dust / fiber to finished product, s.n.r. Coir Exports
 strict quality inspection with Total Quality Management (TQM) ensures that the
customers received only zero defect material.

Location

s.n.r. Coir Exports factory is located at unjavelampatti within the coconut triangle
in pollachiNo.2/280-5,unjavelampatti,pollachi-642003

08526667181, 07708109990

Departments

 Purchase department
 Sales department
 Manufacturing department
 Operation department
 Packing & quality control.
 Mechanical department
 Production department
  Marketing department.
 Human resource department
 Administrative department
 Finance department

S.n.r. Coir Company has various indigenous departments for carrying

out the activities. The departments of the organization are as follows.
The managing partner and the partner take care of the day to day
administration and marketing. There is a total of 11 functional
departments. The structure is a divisional one which is attached in
the appendix. They are as follows.

2.1 OPERATION DEPARTMENT

The operation department has 3 sub departmental sections namely the

project development department, safety and security department and the vehicle
department. Each department is being headed by a head and also accompanied
by foremen and supervisors.

GOALS OF THE OPERATIONS DEPARTMENT:

  To use the internal transportation vehicles efficiently and thus minimize
their costs.
 To ensure the safety and security of the company and its employees.
 To maintain the roads, buildings and other infrastructure of the company
and also create Green belts.

2.2 ADMINSTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

The administrative department is the one which takes care of the

administrative activities including Human resource, legal, logistics and costing.
The department has a manager assisted by head clerk and assistants.

GOALS OF THE ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT:

 To plan and manage the human resources required for the company.
 To maintain the books of accounts and thereby comply with the norms of
Indian Accounting Standards.
 To efficiently co – ordinate with Production department by arranging
container boxes on time and thereby ship the orders on time.

2.3 MECHANICA L DEPARTMENT

 The mechanical department maintains all the mechanical aspects of the
organization. It includes machinery maintenance (mechanical and hydraulic),
workshop department, electrical department and the purchase department.

GOALS OF THE MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT:

 To maintain the machineries efficiently and thus reduce its idle time.
 To ensure that the required spare parts are available on time in stores.

2.4 PRODUCTION DEPARMENT

The production department is headed by the production manager and

assisted by 9 other managers for each production unit. The assistant managers
are accompanied by the supervisors. The purchase department and the quality
department also falls under the production department.

GOALS OF THE PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT:

  To complete the orders received from customers on time.
 To produce quality Coco Peat based products exactly as per customer
requirements.
 To use the production facilities and resources at optimum level and thus
minimize wastage.

2.5 MARKETING DEPARTMENT

The marketing department is managed by the Managing partner and the partner.
They jointly carry out prime strategies to market their products to the world.

GOALS OF THE MARKETING DEPARTMENT:

 To explore into the world of business

 To trap potential buyers.
 Gather essential information about buyers and the countries importing the
products.

HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTION

 Human resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach
to the management of an organization’s most valued assets - the people working
there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the
objectives of the business.[1] The terms "human resource management" and
"human resources" (HR) have largely replaced the term "personnel management"
as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations. In
simple sense, HRM means employing people, developing their resources, utilizing,
maintaining and compensating their services in tune with the job and
organizational requirement.

The goal of human resource management is to help an organization to meet

strategic goals by attracting, and maintaining employees and also to manage
them effectively. The key word here perhaps is "fit", i.e. a HRM approach seeks to
ensure a fit between the management of an organization's employees, and the
overall strategic direction of the company

5.1 FUNCTIONS OF HR DEPARTMENT

1. Organizational human resource planning & development

2. Recruitment & selection

3. Wage & Salary administration

4. Employee records maintaining

 5. Performance appraisal

6. Job evaluation

7. Handling employee grievances

8. Handling the legal issues within & outside the Organization

5.2 PROCESS OF HR DEPARTMENT

The human resource department has 2 blocks which are:

1. Establishment

2. Industrial relation

5.2.1 ESTABLISHMENT SECTION

The main functions are:

1. Recruitment & selection

2. Rotation and placement of employees in consultation with

Divisional heads

3. Wage and salary administration

4. Performance Appraisal

5. Retrenchment
5.2.2 INDUSTRIAL RELATION

Industrial relation operates only within the Organization. The

Interorganizational relation is handled by the corporate cadre. 60 to 70 % of
management time is lost in resolving IR issues. Therefore the H.R department is of
paramount importance.

The main functions are:

1. Communication between management and employees

2. Grievance handling

3. Settlement of dispute

4. Handling disciplinary action

5. Safeguarding Employee rights

6. Career related issues like promotion & rotation

7. Resolving daily petty issues

5.3 RECRUITMENT PROCESS:

The recruitment process for SIVANTHI JOE COIRS is being handled by the

Human resource development team in 3 stages.

 Advertising
 Screening of applicants
  Selection and placement
The detailed step by step procedure is explained as follows:

FINANCE FUNCTION

OBJECTIVES

 To Manage & account for the financial resource of the Organization, to

forecast its requirement in the future and plan accordingly and to check for
deviation.
 Report the financial performance of the company to Management, and to
comply with the Govt. rules and regulations

6.1 FUNCTIONS OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT

Some of the main functions are Payroll, billing, Preparation of journal, ledger
and trial balance, Banking, Financial resources & materials accounting, Budget
preparation, Cost accounting, Auditing, Preparation of financial statements &
reports, Corporate Planning.

6.2 PROCESS OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT

Finance department in FACT is divided into five sections for carrying out its
process. They are:

1. Bills & Materials

2. Sales

3. Costing, MIS, Budget

4. Cash, bank & Payroll and

5. Tax & duties

6.2.1 BILLS & MATERIALS

The main functions are Stores accounting and Receiving, Dispatch and holding of
bills.

6.2.1.1BILLS SECTION

Bills section deals with the contract account for execution of civil works

And other construction/erection, maintenance and services. It includes:

1. Sale of tender form

2. Remittance of EMD
 3. Remittance of security deposit

4. Issue of materials to the extractors

5. Receipts to certified bill in the specified format

6. Security on running account bills and final bill

7. Statutory procedures and formalities in works contract

6.2.1.2 STORES ACCOUNTING

Main functions of stores accounting are:

1. Receipts of stores

2. Issue of stores

3. Returns of stores

4. Value adjustments

5. Reconciliation with control accounts

6. Unconsumed materials lying at site at the close of financial year

6.2.2. SALES ACCOUNTING

Some of the functions are

1. Accountability for selling and distribution of products & by products

2. Recording the transaction

3. Transfer of information from depots to HO

4. Compilation of reports

REVENUE BUDGET

Every year early in August detailed production targets and norms for
consumption of materials for remaining portion of the current year and also for
the next financial year are prepared by the head of Divisions.

MONTHLY REPORT

On closing of the accounts of the months a monthly P & L account is prepared

for each Division and the same is send it to the Division Head, FD and CMD. This
report would give a comparison of the actual for every month against budgeted
performance.
 Chapter4: products

Coir pith Block

5Kgs of coco peat bales are excellent product for Potting mixes, Landscaping and Soil
conditioning. Its moisture capacity is below 25 %, washed; un washed or buffered material and
delivery possible on pallets. Size, Packaging, customizable according to buyer’s specification

Coco peat 5kg Briquettes

Coco pith

Cocopeat Briquettes
Compressed cocopeat briquette shall expand up to 5 times its compressed size when soaked in
water. We can supply this as a retail pack, individually shrink-wrapped with customer's label. 24
such briquettes per corrugated carton for department stores/garden centers to re-sell to
households.
Cocopeat 650 gm Briquettes
Cocopeat Briquettes

Husk chips
Husk chips are pre-cut slices and cubes from the coconut husk. It's good for Anthurium,
Bromeliads, Orchid growers, mulching and animal farmers. Husk chips are also an ideal
replacement for wood bark and mulches in many applications. Mulch provides a thermal blanket
for the lawn or garden bed keeping soil cool in summer and warm in winter with moisture and
adequate air throughout the year.
coconut husk chips

coconut husk chips

Cocopeat Grow bags
Benefits of using Hydroponics Grow bags:
* Fast and healthy root development
* Easy and fast transplant
* Equal water and air distribution
* Substrate Promoted growth
* Stable PH and EC Values
* Can be reused after crop to improve soil
* Compressed and easy to handle
* Rapid dense root growth
* Simple application, 100% biodegradable
Excellent medium for seed propagation

Cocopeat Grow bagss

Cocopeat Grow bags

Cocopeat discs
Quality compressed Cocopeat disk which has been specially treated to give excellent results for a
variety of potted plants Ideal for home and commercial hydroponics. Each Cocopeat disk fills a
one-liter pot when re-hydrated. Size, Packaging, Quality can be customizable in according to
customer request.
Coconut Peat Disc

Coconut Peat Disc

Coco Weed Control Mats

Mulching around trees is very important, as it helps the young tree to obtain the essential
nutrients needed to survive the early stages of development. Mulching helps to suppress the
growth of weeds around a tree’s root system, with more young trees failing due to lack of mulch
than from wind or any pests
Labour-saving discs (that fit right on the pot) save weeding time, control insects and also
conserve water. Available in smaller square sizes and round discs from 14 cm ( one gallon) and
up.

coco mulch mat

Coco mulch mat

Coconut Coir Logs

Coconut Coir Logs are a erosion control product for hills, banks, shorelines, and other erosion
prone areas. Easy to place, use, and install, these coir fiber logs create a natural control area that
helps establish growth and control erosion. Coconut coir logs have been effectively used for
erosion control in restoration projects, stabilization areas, and construction job sites. An erosion
control coir roll has a typical lifespan of 2 to 5 years.
Coir Logs

Coir Logs

Curled Coir Ropes

Curled Coir Rope is made out of matured brown coir fiber. Our Natural Coir Rope is used to
make coir mattress, coir cushions, rubberized coir pads, carpet underlay, seat cushions, etc. Our
Coconut Coir Rope is Eco-Friendly, durable and cost effective. We produce Curled Coir Rope in
spools each weighing 30 kg and has the load ability of 18 tons in 1x40’ container.

Curled Coir
Curled Coir

Coir Geotextiles
This can be used for soil bioengineering and erosion control applications in stream banks, slopes,
wetlands, hillside soils and golf course development.

Shield against wind and water, Very resistant to UV degradation as compared to Synthetic mats,
Enhance water draining, Ability to handle high water velocities,

Coir Geotextiles
Coir Geotextiles

Coir Pots
Coir pots are made out of coconut coir fiber bounded together by natural latex and molded to an
attractive shape. The coir material allows air and water to move through the pot while containing
soil, so the plants don’t have to be pulled from the pot at planting time. Plants grown in coir in
the greenhouse have better root structures than those in plastic pots.
Coir pots
Coir pots

Coir fiber
natural fiber/ coir fiber is extracted from matured green and brown coconut husks. Coir fiber is
of two types - Brown and white in colour. The brown fiber is the outcome of seasonal fully
matured coconuts. Each of them has their own distinct types of application coir mattress and
other upholstery material. Whereas the white fiber is used for making ropes, mats, fishing nets,
and other Eco-friendly products.
Coir Fibre

Coir fibre

Chapter 6: conclusion
 CONCLUSION

Indian coirs industry is an important cottage industry contributing significantly

to the economy of major coconut growing states and union territories like Kerala,
Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, Orissa, Assam and
Pondicherry. About 5.5 lakhs get employment in this industry. The export is
around 5.5 Crores.

The project under study reveals the fact this industry caters the need of poor
people in and around S.n.r. coir’s. My focus on the industry is to study the unique
products they are giving to the market and the structure of their organization.

As far as my knowledge is concerned this industry is the only industry adopting

the new technology in manufacturing coco based growing media. This industry is
also going for expansion of home market through publicity and advertisement,
product diversification, adoption of new technology, R&D training for artisans
including woman.