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MPSC, UPSC, g§`wŠV nyd© Am{U _w»` n[ajm§gmR>r

N SHYAM SIR'S
PERA INSTITUTE, PUNE
{df` … g§JUH$ _m{hVr
Join Telegram- @ECONOMYNSHYAM Mob. 9004611932

g§JUH$ _m{hVr (Computer Information)

1) ^maVmV g§JUH$mMr gwê$dmV -1970
2) ^maVmV B§Q>aZoQ>Mr gwê$dmV - 15 Am°JñQ> 1995
3) OJmVrb gdm©V n{hbo ZoQ> - AmanmZoQ>
- AmanmZoQ>Mr gwê$dmV A_o[aHo$Zo 1960 À`m erV `wÕmdoir a{e`m {dê$Õ Ho$br hmoVr.
4) WWW- g§nyU© OJmgmR>r - World Wide Web.
5) gm`~a H«$mB©_Mm emoY KoUmao ^maVmVrb n{hbo nmo{bg ñQ>oeZ - Am§Y« àXoe amÁ`mV gwê$
Ho$bo hmoVo.
6) n{hbm ñd§`M{bV g§JUH$ - hm°dS>© _mH©$ - 1

g§JUH$m ~Ôb _hËdmÀ`m g§H$ënZm

1) HTTP – Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
2) URL - Uniform Resource Locator - Web Site À`m EH$_od nË`mg URL åhUVmV.
3) àm°Šgr gìh©a - AZm[YH¥$V dmnamnmgyZ g§ajU H$aÊ`mgmR>r Aem g§JUH$mMm dmna H$aVmV.
4) ~«mD$Oa - Á`m gm°âQ>doAa Ûmao Web Site _Ü`o àdoe H$ê$Z _m{hVr nmhVm `oVo.
5) n°Ho$Q> - g§JUH$mÛmam _m{hVr nmR>dÊ`mAmYr VrMo VwH$S>çmV ê$nm§Va H$aÊ`mV `oVo Ë`mbm
"n°Ho$Q>' åhUVmV.
6) ISDN – Integrated Services Digital Network
7) FTP – File Transfer Protocol
8) {S>{OQ>b {g¾oMa - BboŠQ>´m°{ZH$ nÕVrZo à^m{dV Ho$bobo BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ [aH$m°S>© åhUOoM
{S>OrQ>b {g¾oMa (Privet Key) hmo`.
9) Peer to peer (P2P) - `m ZoQ>dH©$_Yrb gd© ZmoS²>gbm g_mZ A{YH$ma AgVmV.
10) _°H$. Amo.Eg. EŠg. gìh©a hr EH$ àH$maMr Am°naoQ>tJ {gñQ>r_ Amho.
11) _m°S>o_- A°Zm°bm°JMo {S>OrQ>b d {S>{OQ>bMo A°Zmbm°J _Ü`o ê$nm§Va H$aÊ`mgmR>r dmnabo
OmUmao gmYZ.

A{YH$ _m{hVrogmR>r-You Tube - PERA INSTITUTE, FB- SHYAM NARAYANACHE

12) Home Page – Web Site darb àW_ noO.
13) Protocol - _m{hVrMr XodmU KodmU H$aÊ`mMr {Z`_mdbr.
14) B§Q>aZoQ> Protocol - B§Q>aZoQ>_Ü`o OmoS>boë`m g§JUH$mMm A°S´>og
15) b{Hª$J - MMm©g_whmV g_m{dï> hmoÊ`mnydu doJdoJù`m g^mgXm§_Yrb _ogoOMr nmhUr,
dmMZ H$aUo.
16) A.P.I. – JQ>m§_Yrb g§XoedhZmgmR>r dmnabm OmUmam Xþdm
17) Point to Point Network g§XoedhZmMm _mJ© XmoZ g§JUH$m§Zm OmoS>Vmo d Ë`mM g§JUH$mda
nwÝhm àmßV hmoVmo.
18) Gnuttela - ho {n`a-Qw>-{n`a ZoQ>dH©$ ñQ´>°Q>oOr _Ü`o dmnaVmV.
19) R.F. Transmission - Ago Omio Á`mV BboŠQ´>mo_°¾o{Q>H$ Am{U aoS>rAmo ìhod d aoS>rAmo
{\«$ŠdoÝgr `m§Mm EH${ÌV dmna Ho$bm OmVmo.
20) Bus Topoloty - ñWm{ZH$ g§^mfU H$aÊ`mgmR>r dmna
21) B§Q>aZoQ> OmoS>UrgmR>r 1) Co-Axial Cable
2) Optical Fiber Wire
3) Twister Wire pair
`m§Mm dmna Ho$bm OmVmo.
22) B§Q>aZoQ> ho Routers À`m Omù`m§Zr ~Zbobo Amho.
23) IP Add. Range - 0 Vo 255.
24) EH$m do~noOda _Wù`mMo OmñVr OmñV ghm ñVa AgVmV.
25) Hw$H$sO gmR>dÊ`mÀ`m OmJm - HTTP
26) EH$m g§JUH$mZo Xþgè`m g§JUH$mer OmoS>Uo (Ogo JwJb qH$dm `mhÿ) åhUOoM ~«mD$Pa hmo`.
27) {S>H$moqS>J - g§XoemZ§Va Ë`mVrb gm§Ho${VH$ IwUm/eãXm§Mm AW© bmdyZ g§Xoe J«hU H$aUo.
28) B§Q>aZoQ> H$ZoŠeZ 1) ISDN
2) S>m`b An
4) brOS> bmB©Z
29) DNS - S>mo_oZ Zo_ {gñQ>r_
30) E-mail Mm J¡admna hm gm`~a H«$mB©_ AgyZ gm`~a H«$mB©_ bm° À`m Section – 500 IPC
Zwgma JwÝhm Amho.
31) Spam - _m{JVbm Zgbobm na§Vy {_imbobm E-mail
33) h°qH$J - g§JUH$mMo _mÝ`Vm Zgbobo dmnaUo.
33) \$m`adm°b - B§Q>aZoQ>Mo Omio d KwgImoa `m§À`mVrb g§ajU q^V
34) _m{hVr V§ÌkmZ H$m`Xm - 2000- hm 17 Am°ŠQ>mo. 2000 gmbr ^maVmV A§_bmV Ambm.
35) H«°$H$g© … Xþgè`mÀ`m do~gmB©S>_Ü`o AZ{YH¥$V {eê$Z VoWrb _m{hVr H$mT>Uo qH$dm KmbUo.

A{YH$ _m{hVrogmR>r-You Tube - PERA INSTITUTE, FB- SHYAM NARAYANACHE

36) Á`warg{S>ŠeZb O§qnJ - gm`~a JwÝhoJmamÀ`m EH$m ^m¡Jmo{bH$ {g_odê$Z Xþgè`m ^m¡Jmo{bH$
{g_oda CS>çm _maÊ`mMr _mZ{gH$Vm.
37) IT Act – 2000 Zwgma- ZoQ> Omio Iam~ H$aÊ`mMr {ejm - 1 H$amoS> ê$n`o.
38) Sound Spectograph - AmdmOmMr AmoiI nQ>dÊ`mMo `§Ì
39) IPC Law _Yrb H$b_ 29 (A) Zwgma Electronic Record _mÝ` Ho$bo OmVo.
40) Grafic Table : BZnyQ> J«m{\$Šg _m{hVrgmR>r dmna
41) MICR - _°¾o{Q>H$ emB©Mr Ajao _moObr OmVmV.
42) àË`oH$ g§JUH$mV _m`H«$moà«mogoga `wŠV-{g{bH$m°Z BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ {Mn d H§$Q´>mob `w{ZQ>
(ALV) AgVo.
43) _m`H«$mo H$åß`wQ>aMr aMZm - _m°S>çyba àH$maMr AgVo.
44) 1820 gmbr Mmëg© ~°~oO `m§Zr OJmVrb n{hbm àmoJ«°_o~b g§JUH$ {S>OmBZ Ho$bm.
45) ~rQ²>g d ~mB©Q> åhUOo - 0 qH$dm 1 Mr ^mfm hmo`.
46) Am°ßQ>rH$b H$åß`yQ>a - åhUOo Agm g§JUH$ Á`m g§JUH$mV boOaMm dmna H$aVmV.
47) g§JUH$mÀ`m hmS>©doAa _Ü`o
1) àmogoga (CPU)
2) _o_ar
3) BZnyQ> d AmD$Q>nyQ> {S>ìhmB©g
4) ñQ>moaoO {S>ìhmB©g `m§Mm g_mdoe hmoVmo.
48) g§JUH$mMo gm°âQ>doAa åhUOoM g§JUH$mbm {Xbobr gwMZm - Program
49) gm°âQ>doAaMo XmoZ àH$ma … 1) {gñQ>r_ gm°âQ>doAa
2) Cn`mooOr gm°âQ>doAa
50) g§JUH$mÀ`m ^mfm 1) ~ogrH$
2) H$mo~mob
3) \$moaQ´>m°Z
51) PC- Personal Computer - Kar qH$dm H$m`m©b` Cn`moJmgmR>r
52) Mainframe Computer - {dÚmnrR>o, g§emoYZ g§ñWm dmnaVmV.
53) Super Computer - gdm©V ObX-CnJ«h, {d_mZo BË`mXrgmR>r
54) ~mB©Q> (Byte) - ~m`Zar {S>OrQ> - 8 ~rQ²>gMo EH$H$
55) âbm°ßg- (Flops) âbmoQ>tJ nm°BªQ> Am°naoeZ na goH§$X
56) ñQ>moaoO - (Storage) Hard Disk Mr gmR>dU j_Vm
57) RAM – Random Access Memory - VmËnwaË`m gwMZm§Ûmao g§JUH$ H$m`© H$aVmo.
58) {bìhdoAa- g§JUH$mMm dmna H$aUmao gOrd ì`ŠVr
59) {\$ZdoAa - hmS>©doAa _Ü`o Agbobo gm°âQ>doAa

A{YH$ _m{hVrogmR>r-You Tube - PERA INSTITUTE, FB- SHYAM NARAYANACHE

60) H§$nm`ba … hm` bodb b±½doO àmoJm« _Mo _{eZ b±½doO _Ü`o ê$nm§Va H$aUmao àmoJ«°_
61) B§Q>a{àQ>a … hm` bodb b±½doO àmoJ«m_Mo gd© gyMZmMo hñVm§VaU Am{U Ë`m à_mUoM H$m`© Vr
gwMZm Xþgè`m gwMZoH$S>o nmR>dÊ`mnydu hñVm§VarV H$aVmo.
62) Ag|~ba … b±½doO àmoJ«m_Mo _{eZ
63) S>oQ>m ~og … {d{dY Cn^moŠË`m§Zr dmnaboë`m S>oQ>mÀ`m g_whmbm S>oQ>m ~og åhUVmV. S>oQ>m hm
H$moUË`mhr àmoJm« _nmgyZ ñdV§Ì AgVmo.
64) Q>mB©_ eoA[a¨J … EH$M H§$åß`wQ>a {gñQ>r_Mm {d{dY Cn^moŠË`m§H$Sy>Z ñdV§Ì[aË`m d g_m§Va
Agm dmna H$aUo hmo`.
65) Wi-Fi - dm`abog {\$So{bQ>r
66) ZoQ>d{Hª$J … g§JUH$mMo Ago Omio Á`mV ñWm{ZHo$ d OmJ{VH$ nmVirda _m{hVr ñÌmoVm§Mo
AmXmZ àXmZ Ho$bo OmVo.
67) dm`_°Šg - dëS>© dmB©Q> B§Q>a Am°na°{~{bQ>r \$m°a _m`H««$moìhod A°Šgog
69) ~m`mo_oQ´>rH$ goŠ`w[aQ>r … ìhmB©g [aH$½ZoeZ, \o$g [aH$¾oeZ, Am`[ag ñH°$Z, q\$Ja qàQ>g
`m§Mm g_mdoe ~m`mo_o{Q´>H$ goŠ`w[aQ>r _Ü`o hmoVmo.
70) SMART gìh©a … Self Monitoring Analysis & Reporting Technology
71) M-Commerce : goŠ`wba \$moZÛmao Am{W©H$ ì`dhma H$aUo.
72) {S>OrQ>m`Pa … Aer _m{hVr Or eãXmV AgVo Vrbm A§H$mV ~XbÊ`mgmR>r dmnaVm `oUmao
gmYZ.
73) ìhmB©Q> Zm°B©g … Printer or Other Voice
74) _moS>o_ … _m°S>çwboQ>a/S>r-_m°S>çwboQ>a Mo g§{jßV ê$n `mÛmao Computer d Telephone ho
EH$_oH$m§Zm OmoS>bobo AgVmV.
- {S>OrQ>b {g¾bMo A°Zmbm°J {g¾b_Ü`o ê$nm§Va H$aÊ`mMo H$m_ "_moS>o_' H$aVmo.
75) Blutooth : bKy aoS>rAmo Q´>mÝg{_Q>a _m\©$V _m{hVr AmXmZ àXmZ H$aUo.
76) bmB©Q> noZ … Computer À`m H°$WmoS> Q>çy~da {bhÊ`mgmR>r hm noZ dmnaVmV.
77) H«$moPa … `m gm°âQ>doAaÛmao bhmZ _wbm§À`m _Zmda {dH¥$V n[aUm_ H$aUmè`m Sites {XgUo
~§X H$aVm `oVo.
78) DSL : Digital Subscriber Line (Coper wire use)
79) IP : Internet Protocol - ZoQ>dH$sªJ hmS>©doAaMm dmna H$ê$Z _m{hVrMm àdmh V`ma Ho$bm
OmVmo.
80) TCP : Transmission Control Protocol `mÛmao IP Omù`mV {Z_m©U Pmboë`m AS>MUr Xÿa
H$aVm `oVmV.
81) B§Q´>mZoQ> … EImÚm g§KQ>ZoVrb Computer EH$_oH$m§Zm OmoS>bo OmUo.
82) R-net (AmaZoQ>) … ^maVmVrb {ejU Am{U g§emoYZmgmR>r ~Zdbobo n{hbo ZoQ>dH©$
83) {dÚmdmhrZr … XoemVrb gd© {dÚmb`o B§Q>aZoQ>Zo OmoS>Uo

A{YH$ _m{hVrogmR>r-You Tube - PERA INSTITUTE, FB- SHYAM NARAYANACHE

84) kmZdm{hZr … Cƒ {ejUmgmR>r _wb^yV gw{dYm nwadÊ`mgmR>r-{Z[_©Vr
85) hm`na qbH$ … Web Page darb Agm eãX qH$dm {MÌ Á`mda _mD$gMm H$g©a (~mU) Ûmao
ŠbrH$ Ho$ë`mg ZdrZ gmB©Q> AmonZ hmoUmè`m {b§H$bmM "hm`na qbH$' Ago åhUVmV.
86) gmB©Q> … B§Q>aZoQ>darb Agm g§JUH$ {OWo {deof àH$maMr _m{hVr CnbãY Amho.
87) HTTP : Hyper Text Transfer Protocol `oWo {Xbobr _m{hVr B§Q>aZoQ>da {dV[aV H$aÊ`mgmR>r
\$m°a_Q> Ho$bobr AgVo.
88) HTML : Hyper Text Markup Language B§Q>aZoQ> noO ~ZdÊ`mgmR>r dmnabr OmUmar ^mfm
åhUOo "HTML' hmo`.
89) URL : Aem g§JUH$mMm nËVm H$s, Á`mÛmao {d{^Þ {R>H$mUr d {d{^Þ àH$maÀ`m g§ñWm§Zm
AmoiIÊ`mgmR>r ì`ŠVrbm _XV hmoVo.
90) ~moS>© … EH$m g§JUmH$dê$Z Xþgè`m g§JUH$mda `m J{VZo _m{hVr dhZ homVo. Ë`mMo _mnZ
H$aÊ`mMo EH$H$.
91) Operating System : S>m°g, `w{ZŠg, {bZŠg, {dS>m|O-98, {d§S>m|O-2000, qdS>moO XP,
_°{H$ÝQ>moe OS
92) {S>OrQ>b {S>ìhm`g … _m{hVr V§ÌkmZmZo g§nÞ Am{U _m{hVr V§ÌkmZmmZo {dahrV Aem XmoZ
àH$maÀ`m XoemVrb Am{W©H$ VmH${XV AgUmè`m \$aH$mbm "{S>{OQ>b {S>ìhm`g' åhUVmV.
93) g§JUH$mMr ñ_aUeŠVr … RAM - Random Access Memory
- 1 Kelobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes.
- 1 Megabyte (MB) = 1000 KB.
- 1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 MB

Asia Media Lab

Asia Media Lab Ûmao XoemÀ`m V§ÌkmZmMm dmnamVyZ g_mOmVrb {d{dY ñVamVrb bmoH$m§Zm
_XV hmoÊ`mgmR>r ~Zdbobo àH$ën d gm°âQ>doAa `m§Mr _m{hVr …
A) {ejU joÌmVrb àH$ën
1) gm[aH$m … IIT IaJnya `m§Zr embo` {dÚmÏ`mªZm YS>çmVrb AdKS> _wÔo gmoß`m ^mfoV g_OyZ
gm§JÊ`mgmR>r ~Zdbobo A°ßbrHo$eZ.
2) ½`mZ {nS>r`m S>m°Q> BZ … amï´>r` 6- b{ZªJ àmoJm« _ embo` Aä`mgmgmR>r
3) {ejH$ … IIT IaJnyaMm àmoJ«m_ _hmamï´> d n. ~§Jmb _Yrb {dÚmÏ`mªZm IT Mo {ejU XoUo.
4) H$ZoŠQ> Am°W[a¨J Qw>b Am{U ìhÀ`w©Ab {\${OŠg b°~ … IIT h¡Ðm~mX Xoer ^mfoV {ejU XoUo.
5) g§{dYm … J«m_rU ^mJmV {ejU nÕVrMm {dH$mg H$aÊ`mgmR>r

A{YH$ _m{hVrogmR>r-You Tube - PERA INSTITUTE, FB- SHYAM NARAYANACHE

Asia Media Lab. - eoVr joÌmVrb àH$ën

1) nm°br g|ga - eoVmV {nH$mgmR>r {H$Vr nmUr Amdí`H$ Amho. eoVrVrb (O{_ZrVrb)
nmÊ`mMr nmVir R>adÊ`mgmR>r ho A°ßbrHo$eZ gwê$ Ho$bo Amho.
2) E EŠdm … Ab_moñQ> Am°b ŠdoeÝg A°ÝS> AÝga- eoVr ~X²XbMo gd© àíZ d Ë`m§Mr CËVao
AgUmao ho "~hÿ^m{fH$' A°ßbrHo$eZ Amho.
3) A°J«mo goÝg … S>oQ>m bm°Ja, doJdoJù`m {nH$m§À`m dmT>rgmR>r - Amdí`H$ n[apñWVr d nÕVr
`m§Mr _m{hVr XoUmao A°ßbrHo$eZ Amho.
4) B-gmJy … Am§Y«àXoe amÁ`mZo ho A°n ~Zdbobo AgyZ _XV AML Zo Ho$br Amho. ho A°n VobJy
^mfooV Amho. VoboJy ^mfoV - gmJy åhUOo _emJV.
5) B-J„m … bKy d _Ü`_ {dHo«$Ë`m§Zm ñdñVm_Ü`o ì`dñWmnZ H$m¡eë` {eH$dUmam hm àmoJ«m_
Amho.

Asia Media Lab Mo An§Jm§gmR>r ({Xì`m§Jm§gmR>r) Mo àmoJ«m_

1) l¥Vr-Ñï>r … ho A°ßbrHo$eZ Media Lab Asia, C-DAC, W. Bengal `m§Zr {_iyZ ~Zdbo AgyZ
Vo {Xì`m§Jm§gmR>r _XV hmoUmao Amho.
2) pìhÁ`wAb b±½doO … goao~b nmëgr Pmboë`m§gmR>r
3) g§`moJ … IIT IaJnya `m§Zr goao~b nmëgr amoJm§À`m bmoH$m§gmR>r ~Zdbm Amho.
4) l¥Vr … IIT IaJnya `m§Zr hm àmoJ«m_-A§YmgmR>r ~Zdbm Amho.
5) gm\$m … ñH«$sZ A°Šgog \$m°a Am°b (SAFA) A§Y ì`ŠVtgmR>r Cn`moJr àmoJ«m_
6) B©-ñnrH$ … A§Y ì`ŠVtgmR>r B§J«Or-qhXr-V{_i ^mfoV CnbãY.
7) dmMH$ … B§J«Or-qhXr-_amR>r ^mfoV CnbãY
8) l¥Vr … qhXr-~§Jmbr ^mfoV CnbãY
9) Amlra … _amR>r d VobJy ^mfoV CnbãY
10) dmUr … _wŠ`m ì`ŠVrgmR>r hm àmoJ«m_ ~ZdÊ`mV Ambm Amho. Vmo "ñnm{Q>H$ gmogm`Q>r Am°\$
Zm°X©Z B§{S>`m' `m§Zr ~Zdbm Amho.
11) ~mKob nN>r … hm àmoJ«m_ _Vr_§XmgmR>r AgyZ hm ~§Jmb- Media Lab Asia `m§Zr ~Zdbm
Amho.

* g§JUH$mMr Ë`mÀ`m H$m`©àUmbrMr _hËdnyU© _m{hVr

1) ^maVmV gd©àW_ ZooQ>Mr gwê$dmV 15 Am°JñQ> 1995 bm Pmbr `mgmR>r Net Service
Provider H$aUmar H§$nZr VSNL hmoVr.

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2) B§Q>aZoQ>gmR>r dmnabo OmUmao Protocol
A) TCP/IP : Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
~) HTTP : Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
H$) FTP : File Transfer Protocol
3) ISDN : Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) hr USA- A_o[aHo$Mr Network bmB©Z
Amho.
VrMo Speed - 130 Kbps. (Kilobyte per sec.)
ISDN - bmB©Z KoVë`mda Ë`m ì`ŠVrg ANT – BOX ¿`mdm bmJVmo.
ANT – BOX _Ü`o
1) pìhS>rAmo H$m°Ý\$ampÝgJ BpìH$n_|Q>
2) 4G \°$Šg _{eZ
3) Q>{_©Zb A°S>m°ßQ>a
4) \°$Šg _moS>o_ AgVo.
4) IP-Address – Internet Protocol
Ex. 305.60.9.3 (IP. Add)
Ë`mn¡H$s 305.60.9 – Computer Connect Network d
305.60.9./3 - \$ŠV
3 åhUOo - d¡`pŠVH$ Computer Add. AgVmo.
5) Computer Network : website qH$dm E-mail Add. _Yrb nwT>rb KQ>H$ d Ë`m§Mr joÌo.
Ex. www.facebook.com
1) Com - ì`mdgm{`H$ Cn`moJmgmR>r
2) mil - bîH$ar Cn`moJmgmR>r
3) Co. - ì`mdgm{`H$ Cn`moJmgmR>r
4) net. - ZoQ>dH©$
5) gov. - gaH$mar Cn`moJmgmR>r
6) org. - g§KQ>ZmË_H$
7) int. - Am§Vaamï´>r`
8) in. - India
6) àË`oH$ Computer bm 32 Bytes Address AgVmo.
7) Web Page - Hyper Text – Internet Aem H«$_mZo _m{hVr {_idVm `oVo.
8) ãbm°J … ãbm°J åhUOo {d{eï> nÕVrZo Ajao, {MÌo Am{U _m{hVrMr gwì`dpñWV _m§S>Ur
H$ê$Z Vr HTML ~«mD$Pa da nmhUo.
9) RSS - Feeds : Rich Site Summary.
Really Simple Syndication
- Agreegeter ~mVå`m dmMUo
- RSS - dmMZ gm_J«rÀ`m {dVaU àUmbrg RSS-Feeds åhUVmV.
- XML – Extensible Markup Language da RSS- Feeds Adb§~yZ Amho

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10) {dH$sO … web pages Mm g§J«h
- Online Open Web Page
- {d{H${nS>r`m … _m{hVrMm g§J«h
11. Instant Massaging: Ex. Yahoo Massage
Streaming Media : Video/Audio

* g§JUH$mVrb _o_arMo àH$ma *

ROM : Read Only Memory
PROM : Programmable Read Only Memory
EPROM : Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EEPROM : Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory.

RAM : Random Access Memory

SRAM : Static Random Access Memory
DRAM : Dynamic Random Access Memory

* g§JUH$mÀ`m ~mø _o_arMo àH$ma *

A) noZS´>mBìh (Pendrive)
~) grS>r (Compac Disk)
H$) âbm°nr (Floppy)

ñQ>moaoO {S>ìhm`gog …
A) hmS>© {S>ñH$ …OodT>çm OmñV GB (Gigabytes) Mr hmS>© {S>ñH$ VodT>m g§JUH$mMm doJ OmñV
AgVmo.
- hmS>© {S>ñH$- A°ë`y{_{ZA_Mr AgVo.
- {S>ñH$ darb _m{hVr Plotter Heads Ûmao dmMbr OmVo.

1) hmS>© {S>ñH$ S´>mB©ìh … `mbmM H$m`_ñdê$nr ñQ>moaoO S´>mB©ìh åhUVmV. `m_Ü`o A{V_hËdmÀ`m
àmoJ«m_Mr _m{hVr AgVo.
- hmS>© {S>ñH$ S´>mB©ìhbm _mJo VrZ {nZ AgVmV.
1) S>oQ>mHo$~b
2) nmda H$ZoŠeZ
3) O§na {gboŠQ> H$aÊ`mMo H$ZoŠeZ
2) H$m°å~mo (Combo) Drive : 3 in 1 Drive
1) CD- Rom
2) DVD – Rom
3) CD- Writer

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3) Opticle Zip Drive : Floppy Drive gmaIm AgVmo.
4) Backup Drive
~) 1) CD-Rom – Compact Disc Read Only Memory.
- CD Vrb _m{hVr dmMVm `oV,o nmhVm `oVo. na§Vw _m{hVr _Ü`o ~Xb H$aVm `oV Zmhr.
- 22x, 24x, 36x, 52x,
( X… doJ - 512 bytes) `m àH$mamV CD CnbãY AgVmV.
2) DVD – Rom : {S>OrQ>b ìhg}Q>mB©b {S>ñH$
3) CD Writer
g§JUH$mMo àH$ma
A) H$m_mÀ`m nÕVrZwgma àH$ma ~) AmH$ma d j_Voda AmYmarV
1) {S>OrQ>b g§JUH$ 1) _oZ\«o$_ g§JUH$
2) A°Zmbm°J g§JUH$ 2) {_Zr g§JUH$
3) hm`~«rS> g§JUH$ 3) ng©Zb g§JUH$
4) hmo_ g§JUH$
* Computer : Input Devices
1) Key Board
2) Mouse
3) S´>mB©ìhO … noZS´>mB©ìh, {gS>r S´>mB©ìh `mÛmao AmnU Computer _Ü`o _m{hVr Q>mHy$ eH$Vmo.
4) B§{S>Ho$Q>g© … CPU _Ü`o OmoS>Vm `oUmao H$mhr ^mJ …
1) Am°Z-Am°\$-~Q>Z
2) [agoQ> ~Q>Z
3) bhmZ {Xdo (indicates) `mÛmao H$moUË`m S´>mB©ìh_Ü`o H$m_ Mmby Amho ho g_OÊ`mg
\$m`Xm hmoVmo.

* Computer : Output Devices

1) _m°{ZQ>a 2) qàQ>a
* qàQ>a XmoZ àH$ma
1) Bån°ŠQ> qàQ>a … Dot Matrix Printer
9 qH$dm 24 Head printer
9 - Head Printer Ajam§gmR>r dmna
24- Head Printer Ajao d {MÌo
2) Zm°Z Bån°ŠQ> qàQ>a … boga, B§H$OoQ>, S>oŠgOoQ> B§H$OoQ> qH$dm S>oŠgOoQ> qàQ>a ho LBT qH$dm
nmoQ>©bbm OmoS>Vm `oVmV.
- `mV Head EdOr H$mQ>©oO AgVo.
- Va boOa qàQ>a _Ü`o H$mQ>©oO EdOr Q>moZa AgVmo.

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 * g§JUH$mVrb Data Communication Nõv

A) Simplex - One way communication EH$ _mJu g§^mfU MmbVo

Ex. A B (A nmR>dob B J«hU H$aob)
B J«hU Z§Va A nmR>dob
(EH$mMdoir XmoKo g§^mfU H$ê$ eH$V ZmhrV)
Ex. Computer - Printer

~) Duplex : Double way communication

Ex. A B EH$mMdoir g§^mfU eŠ` hmoVo.

Ex. Telephone + internet EH$Ì H$m_ H$ê$ eH$Vmo.

* namdV©Zr` _Ü`_ … Copper wire & Fiber wire.
* AnamdV©Zr` _mÜ`_ … Radio ìhod 2) boga ìhod
* Fiber Optics _wio D$Om© Anì`` H$_r hmoVmo.
* gM© B§{OZ … gM© B§{OZ ñdV… EH$ Website AgVo.
* g{\ª$J H$aVmZm Operator & Internet `mVrb Xþdm åhUyZ Browser H$m_ H$aVmo.

* Networking Types *

1) LAN : Local Area Network

EH$mM B_maVr_Yrb qH$dm H$m_mMß`m {R>H$mUr AgUmao gd© Computer `m ZoQ>dH©$ nÕVrZo
OmoS>bobo AgVmV.
- Opticle Fiber wire dmna H$aVmV d gd© Monitor & Printer OmoS>VmV.
- `oWo per sec. mb ho net Mo EH$H$ dmna.
2) MAN : Metropolitan Area Network
3) WAN : Wide Area Nework
- AZoH$ B_maVrVrb Computer OmoS>bo Omdy eH$VmV.
- EH$H$ - Bands

Computer gm°âQ>doAa ^mfm

1) ~o{gH$ (Basic) : Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
hr g§JUH$mMr gdm©V gmonr ^mfm Amho.
2) H$mo~mob (Cobol) … Common Busines Oriented Language
ì`mnma d Am¡Úmo{JH$ joÌmV dmna hmoVmo.

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 3) \$moaQ´>moZ (Fortran) Formula Translation
d¡km{ZH$ joÌmV Aem Computer ^mfoMm dmna Ho$bm OmVmo.
4) AbJmoa (ALGOR)$… Algorithmic Language
d¡km{ZH$ g§emoYZ joÌmV dmna
5) nr. Eb. (P.L.) Programming Language
{dkmZ + ì`mnma + V§ÌkmZ joÌmV dmna

* {gñQ>r_ gm°âQ>doAa …
- Cn`moOr gm°âQ>doAa d hmS>d© oAa `mVrb Xþdm AgVmo.
- g§JUH$ dmnaUmè`m ì`ŠVrMm `mda Vm~m qH$dm {Z`§ÌU ZgVo.

File Types : 1) PDF – Portable Document Format

2) JPG - Joint Photographic Group
3) JEPG – Joint Photograhic Experts Group
4) PNG - Portable Network Graphics
5) BMP – Bitmap File Format
6) GIF – Graphics Interchange Format

MP3 – MPEG Audio Layer 3

(MPEG – Moving Picture Experts Group)
MP4 - MPEG – 4 AVC (Advanced Video Coding)

1) FTP : File Transfer protocol

2) USB : Universal Serial Bus
3) SAP : Service Access Point
4) CSS : Cascading Style Sheets
5) PHP : Hypertext Preprocessor
6) IC : Integrated Circuit
7) CRT : Cathode Ray Tube
8) SOAP : Simple Object Access Protocol
9) ISP : Internet Service Provider
10) CD : Compact Disc
11) VLSI : Very Large Scale Integrated
12) MAC : Media Access Control
13) FTP : File Transfer Protocol
WIFI : Wireless Fidelity
14) IP : Internet Protocol
15) Docx. : Document Extended
16) ASP : Active Server Pages
17) UDP : User Datagram Protocol
18) TCP : Transmission Control Protocol

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19) SQL : Structured Query Language
20) WMV : Window Media Video
21) XML : Extensible Markup Language
22) ARP : Address Resolution Protocol
23) BPS : Bits Per Second
24) Computer : Commonly operated machine perticulary used for technical education
and research.
25) DRAM : Dynamic Random Access Memory
26) DSU : Digital Service Unit
27) FM : Frequency Modulation
28) FAT : File Allocation Table
29) MODEM : Modulator And Demodulator
30) NOS : Network Operating System
31) OMR : Opticle Mark Recognition
32) PSTN : Public Switched Telephone Network
33) SMTP : Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
34) STP : Shielded Twisted Pair
35) URL : Uniform Resource Locator
36) Google : Global Organization of Oriented Group Language of Earth.
37) Yahoo : Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.
38) VIRUS : Vital Information Resources Under Siege.
39) OLED : Organic Light Emittig Diode.
40) WINDOW : Wide Interactive Network Development For Office Work Solution.

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