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Rom and Ram

Memory is essential for computers to perform tasks. There are two basic types of memory: volatile primary memory (RAM) and non-volatile secondary memory (ROM). RAM is used for temporary storage of data and programs currently being used, while ROM stores crucial information needed to boot the system. RAM allows for rapid random access, while ROM is read-only and retains its data even when power is turned off. Common types of RAM and ROM include DRAM, SRAM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM.

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356 views5 pages

Rom and Ram

Memory is essential for computers to perform tasks. There are two basic types of memory: volatile primary memory (RAM) and non-volatile secondary memory (ROM). RAM is used for temporary storage of data and programs currently being used, while ROM stores crucial information needed to boot the system. RAM allows for rapid random access, while ROM is read-only and retains its data even when power is turned off. Common types of RAM and ROM include DRAM, SRAM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM.

Uploaded by

shamina k
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Memory is the most essential element of a computing system because

without it computer can’t perform simple tasks. Computer memory is of two


basic type – Primary memory / Volatile memory and Secondary memory /
non-volatile memory. Random Access Memory (RAM) is volatile memory
and Read Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile memory.
RAM (Random-access memory)
The most common kind of memory used when rapid memory access is
required, basically used to store the data and the machine code currently
being used.
Physical location of data does not affect the time taken to read or write a
data in RAM, while other direct-access data storage medias like hard
disks, CD-RWs, DVD-RWs etc. the time required to read and write data
items varies depending on their physical locations.
It is also called as read write memory or the main memory or the primary
memory.
The programs and data that the CPU requires during execution of a
program are stored in this memory.
It is a volatile memory as the data loses when the power is turned off.
RAM is further classified into two types- SRAM (Static Random Access
Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).
ROM (Read Only Memory)
Stores crucial information essential to operate the system, like the program
essential to boot the computer.
It is not volatile.
Always retains its data.
Used in embedded systems or where the programming needs no change.
Used in calculators and peripheral devices.
ROM is further classified into 4 types- ROM, PROM, EPROM,
and EEPROM.

Types of Read Only Memory (ROM) –


1. PROM (Programmable read-only memory) – It can be programmed by
user. Once programmed, the data and instructions in it cannot be
changed.
2. EPROM (Erasable Programmable read only memory) – It can be
reprogrammed. To erase data from it, expose it to ultra violet light. To
reprogram it, erase all the previous data.
3. EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory) –
The data can be erased by applying electric field, no need of ultra
violet light. We can erase only portions of the chip.
Difference between RAM and ROM

BASIS FOR
RAM ROM
COMPARISON

Basic It is a read-write memory. It is read only memory.

Use Used to store the data that has to be It stores the instructions required

currently processed by CPU during bootstrap of the computer.

temporarily.

Volatility It is a volatile memory. It is a nonvolatile memory.

Stands for Random Access Memory. Read Only Memory.

Modification Data in ROM can be modified. Data in ROM can not be modified.

Capacity RAM sizes from 64 MB to 4GB. ROM is comparatively smaller than

RAM.

Cost RAM is a costlier memory. ROM is comparatively cheaper

than RAM.

Type Types of RAM are static RAM and Types of ROM are PROM,

dynamic RAM. EPROM, EEPROM.


ACTUAL ROM AND RAM

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