Sph3u Practice Unit Test: Kinematics (Solutions) LoRusso

Name: Tuesday, October 31, 2017

Ku: /45 App: /10 T&I: / Com:

This is a copy of a unit test from 2008. This will be similar to the unit test you will be writing next Monday. As you can
see there are quite a few questions on the test. When you write a unit test you should always make sure you answer
the following questions first. Start with the questions that are worth the most in the knowledge section. Then focus on
“Application” / “Thinking & Investigation” questions. Since we only have one application question per test usually,
each question is worth a significant amount because it marked in a separate category. The same applies to the “T&I”
questions. Then complete the “short answer multiple choice” followed by the regular multiple choice last. Why do the
multiple choice questions last? Because you can always guess if you run out of time.

Multiple Choice [ku: 9]

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____1. Which of the following is a "scalar" quantity?

a. distance d. displacement
b. velocity e. none of the above
c. acceleration
____2. The term "uniform motion" means
a. acceleration is constant d. displacement is constant
b. speed is constant e. velocity is zero
c. velocity is constant
____3. The slope of a position-time graph always represents
a. displacement d. change in velocity
b. distance e. acceleration
c. velocity
____4. The area under a velocity-time graph always represents
a. displacement d. acceleration
b. change in velocity e. change in acceleration
c. distance
____5. The position-time graph pictured below represents the motions of two objects, A and B. Which of the following
statements concerning the objects' motions is true?

a. Object B travels the greater distance.

b. Object A has the greater speed.
c. Object A leaves the reference point at an earlier time.
d. Both objects have the same speed at the point where the lines cross.
e. Object A is travelling for a longer period of time.
____6. The position-time graph that depicts a ball thrown vertically upward that returns to the same position is

a. A d. D
s B e. E
c. C
____7. The position-time graph that represents "uniform motion" is

a. A d. D
b. B e. E
c. C
____8. Consider the following velocity-time graph and select the statement that is true.

a. At no time can the motion be considered "uniform."

b. The object returns to its original position.
c. The object travels in one direction and then the other.
d. The object is accelerating throughout the entire recorded time.
e. The object speeds up and later slows down.
____9. Four of the five graphs pictured below could all represent the same motion. Which graph does not belong to this
group?

This question actually has a conceptual problem. A and D represent negative acceleration (“frownie bits) and B,
C, and E represent positive acceleration “smiley bits”… therefore the question is not clear.
a. A d. D
b. B e. E
c. C

Short Answer Multiple Choice (GRFS is NOT required) [ku: 18]

____10. A cyclist rides a bicycle 4.0 km west, then 3.0 km north. What is the cyclist's displacement?
a. 7.0 km [37° N of W] d. 5.0 km [37° W of N]
b. 7.0 km [37° W of N] e. 1.0 km [37° W of N]
c. 5.0 km [37° N of W]

G b
G
tan θ =
G
b = 3.0km [ N ]
d
d = a 2 + b2 a
θ
G
a = 4.0km [W ] ⎛3⎞
= 42 + 32 θ = tan −1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
4
=5
θ = 370
____11. A car drives 6.0 km [E], then 8.0 km [S] in a total time of 0.30 h. What is the car's average speed?
a. 33 km/h d. 47 km/h [E of S]
b. 47 km/h e. 47 km/h [S of E]
c. 33 km/h [E of S]
dtotal
vavg =
ttotal
a+b
vavg =
ttotal
6.0 + 8.0
vavg =
0.30
vavg = 47 km / h
____12. If an object accelerates at 6.2 m/s2 [N], how long will it take to reach a velocity of 25 m/s [N] if starting from
rest?
a. 25 s d. 0.25 s
b. 4.0 m/s e. 4.0 s
c. 31 s
G G
a = 6.2m / s 2 [ N ] G Δv
a=
G G Δt
G
v1 = 0m / s Δv
G Δt = G
v2 = 25m / s [ N ] a
+25 − 0
Δt =
6.2
Δt = 4.0

___13. An object is thrown vertically upward at 25.0 m/s. If it experiences an acceleration due to gravity of 9.8 m/s2
[down], what is the object's velocity 3.0 s later?
a. 22 m/s [down] d. 4 m/s [down]
b. 22 m/s [up] e. zero (it has hit the ground)
c. 4 m/s [up]
v1 = +25.0m / s v2 = v1 + at
a = −9.8m / s 2
v2 = +25.0 + ( −9.8 )( 3.0 )
t = 3.0s v2 = −4.4m / s

____14. A stone is thrown vertically downward with a speed of 10 m/s from a bridge. Accelerating under gravity (9.8
m/s2), the stone strikes the water 1.8 s later. From what height above the water was the stone thrown? (Assume 2
significant digits.)
a. 50 m d. 15 m
b. 34 m e. 3 m
c. 27 m
v1 = −10m / s 1
d = v1t + at 2
a = −9.8m / s 2 2
1
t = 1.8s d = ( −10 )(1.8 ) + ( −9.8)(1.8)
2

2
d = −34m
____15. The diagram below shows the first three legs of a trip: A to B, B to C, and C to D. If a person returns from point
D to point A, what is the displacement for this fourth and final leg?
a. 7 km [37° W of N] d. 7 km [37° E of S]
b. 5 km [37° W of N] e. 5 km [37° N of E]
c. 5 km [37° E of S]

G x
d = x2 + y2 tan θ =
G
x = 3km G y
d = ( 3) + ( 4 )
2 2
⎛3⎞
G θ = tan −1 ⎜ ⎟
d = 5m 4 ⎝ ⎠
G
G y = 4km θ = 370
d
θ
Problems Solving (All questions should be completed in the GRFS format)

1. Mr. LoRusso is standing in the hall checking a text message when Mr. Geddes runs by and shouts
“NO PERSONAL ELECTRONIC DEVICES!!!” then grabs the cell phone and runs through the hall
at a constant speed of 4.00 m/s, laughing maniacally all the while. Mr. LoRusso instantaneously
chase after him accelerating at a rate of 2.0 m / s 2 shouting at him “Wait!!! I was texting my mom!!!”
Determine: [ku: 8]
a) how long it takes for Mr. LoRusso to catch up to Mr. Geddes. (include a diagram)
b) how far Mr. LoRusso had to run to catch up to him.
(Express your answers in parts a) and b) to the correct number of sig. figs.)

G
vG = 4.0m / s
tG = t
dG = x
vL1 = 0m / s
aL = 2.0m / s 2
tL = t
dL = x
L
LoRusso Geddes
1 dG = vG tG
d L = vL1 t L + aL t L 2
2 x = 4.0t ( 2)
1
x = 0t + ( 2.0 ) t 2
2
x = 1.0t 2
(1)
Sub (1) into (2) Sub t=4.0s into (2)
1.0t = 4.0t
2
x = 4.0 ( 4.0 )
1.0t = 4.0 x = 16m
t = 4.0s
2. After Mr. LoRusso intercepts and retrieves his phone from Mr. Geddes, he stops then turns and runs
the other way for 4s, accelerating at a rate of 1.5 m / s 2 at which point he trips and slides forward for
another 3.0s before he comes to a stop right at Mr. Gorski’s feet. [ku: 10]
a) How far did Mr. LoRusso run before he tripped? (include a diagram)
b) How fast was he going before he tripped?
c) How far did he slide?
d) What was his rate of acceleration during the slide?

Section A Section B
v A 2 = v B1

v A1 = 0m / s vB2 = 0m / s

a A = 1.5m / s 2 aB = ?
dA = ? dB = ?
t A = 4.0 s t B = 3.0 s

a) Find d A b) Find v A2 c) Find d B d) Find aB

v A2 = v A1 + a At A ΔvB
1
d A = v A1 t A + aL t L 2 dB =
1
(
vB + vB2 t B) aB =
Δt B
2 v A2 = ( 0 ) + (1.5 )( 4.0 ) 2 1
1
d A = ( 0 )( 4.0 ) + (1.5 )( 4.0 )
2 1
d B = ( 6.0 + 0 )( 3.0 ) vB2 − vB1
v A2 = 6.0m / s a=
2 2 Δt B
d A = 12m v A2 = vB1 = 6.0m / s d B = 9.0m
a=
( 0 ) − ( 6.0 )
( 3.0 )
a = −2.0m / s 2

Application

When a skydiver jumps from an airplane she can reach speeds near 140 km/h during the freefall portion of
the dive. Once the parachute is deployed the parachutist’s speed decreases to 10 km/h. Explain why then
in physics we consider the acceleration during the freefall to be negative and the acceleration during the
time the parachute is deployed to be positive by using your knowledge of vectors and kinematics.

Since the skydiver jumps from a plane the acceleration due to gravity causes the divers speed to increase
in the negative direction. Therefore the diver’s velocity continues to become more negative over time. If
the diver is traveling at a speed of 140km/h, his/her velocity would be -140km/h or 140km/h [D]. Once
he/she pulls deploys the parachute, the speed begins to decrease meaning that the velocity is becoming
less negative. i.e. changing from -140km/h to -10km/h. Therefore from a vector perspective the change in
G G G
velocity is positive (i.e. Δv = v2 − v1 = ( −10 ) − ( −140 ) = +130m / s ) Since the velocity change is positive,
G
G Δv
therefore the acceleration must be positive ( a = )
Δt