CULTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE NINGAS KUGON VALUE OF THE FILIPINOS

CHAPTER I

The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

Filipinos are known for tremendous hospitality, generosity and different cultures yet

some cultural trait are not in the good side. One of those cultural values is the “Ningas Kugon.”

Ningas means Fire or spark while Kugon is referred to Cogon which is a grass when lit will

kindle brightly for a very short period of time, and then extinguish quickly. This describes

someone who is only doing well; in whatever it is that they’re doing, during only in the

beginning. It figuratively means that the individual is unable to maintain the quality of his/her

work any better than a Cogon grass maintains its burn. It is a very common value that most of

Filipino carries, the carrier may be anyone; teenager, adult, student, worker, etc (Eric, 2016).

This culture has been attributed by Filipinos for a long time and some themselves admitted that

they do own such a character trait Ningas Kugon may lead to discrimination against the

Philippines, even though Philippines has a rich culture that has been refined from time to time

and developed on the present time.

There are different Filipino Cultural traits like, crab mentality which is the act “if I can’t

have it, neither can you, “bahala na” which is the act of letting fate do its duty, mañana habit the

act putting aside the task for later and eventually not doing it at the end, Filipino time the act not

going on the designated time, etc. These cultures affect the process of a task which leads to

unfinished works. Just like Ningas Kugon these are the undesirable cultures that Filipino has.
 According to The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines article XIV

Sections; 14 The State shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of a

Filipino national culture based on the principle of unity in diversity in a climate of free artistic

and intellectual expression. And 17 The State shall recognize, respect, and protect the rights of

indigenous cultural communities to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions, and

institutions. It shall consider these rights in the formulation of national plans and policies. And

Ningas Kugon is not a culture that must be preserved, patronized, respected, protected and

recognized for this culture does not lead to any evolution for the Filipino national cultures.

The researchers chose this topic to explicate every means of eliminating or controlling

the said cultural value. The goal is to enumerate the possible solutions the cultural value Ningas

Kugon and how would this research help to cultivate the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic

evolution of a Filipino national cultures as said on the legal basis.

Background of the study

The Philippines is full of a rich, unique culture that cannot be found anywhere else in the

world. We have our feats of agricultural design such as the Banaue Rice Terraces, for example, a

product of Filipino ingenuity that still stands the test of time. Filipinos have artworks ranging

from small wooden carvings, such as tribal carvings, to huge sculptures, such as versions of La

Pieta. The symbol of the national hero, Jose Rizal, located in Luneta Park, the symbol of the rich

history of bloodshed, rebellion, and unity. The multitudes of food options in the Philippines, such

as lechon, balut, bibingka, suman, puto, and many others also show that the Philippines are not

merely a Country that can be ignored. The Philippines have a culture just as any other country in

the world, but just as the other countries have their own culture, Philippines has uniqueness,
separating the country from the rest that would not and should not be discriminated due to being

a third-world country, or by the current state of affairs of certain issues of the country such as the

pork barrel scam, or even an attribution of our attitudes that cannot even be generalized and

concluded to be true as more than what is known to be(Kouji Toumas, 2014).

In a study done by Bert Drona (2008), Ningas Cogon is said to be the result of a lack of

understanding of the root causes of the problems that arise during projects leading to a lack of

understanding in how to fix it, and, eventually, leading to leaving the incomplete project as it is

in order to avoid said problems. The problem may also be rooted in the dependency of the

Filipinos to others, such as in history when the Americans had to liberate us from Spain after

they had fought and even Japan afterwards. In the Heritage of Smallness (Nick Joaquin, 2013)

states that the development of the nation only truly started during the Spanish Regime

Statement of the Problem

This study aims on analyzing the cultural analysis on the Ningas Kugon Value of the

Filipinos

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the perceptions of selected respondents on the Ningas Kugon value of the

Filipinos?

2. How does the Ningas Kugon value of the Filipinos affect the culture in the

Philippines?

3. What implication can be drawn based on the result of the study?

According to the study A Filipino Nationalist Ideology for the 21st Century(Gripalgo,

2010) a country would never develop to a First World Country without toying with the idea of

progress. As said on his studies there are six Filipino Cultural traits that affect or are relevant to

Progress and one of those are Ningas Kugon. Ningas Kungon and the other traits pull down or

slows the progress of a certain community or country. The Enlightenment idea of progress

through science, technology, and philosophy which provided the rational direction of progress

enabled agricultural countries like England, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States to

become industrial and, later, superindustrial nations.(Gripaldo, 2010).

Development can also come to the Philippines is to recapitulate, an ideology as a set of

integrated ideas that serve as a practical guide to maintain or achieve the desired goal(s) of an

individual, a class, or a nation. Just as the study says the solution is to formulate ideas and

solutions based on a given problem. Ningas Kugon is a practice that can be controlled by doing

some of these steps; 1. Break down the project into smaller pieces, doing tasks step by step

will make it a lighter work. 2. Utilize the snow ball effect; a task you enjoy would be the

momentum you need to never lose the enthusiasm.3. Focus on the project, distraction is one

of many cause of unfinished works focusing on your task would be a great solution. 4. Take

breaks. These simple steps would be the start of progress. In this study the this will be the

pre-procedure for the research this will be the basis of the changes needed.
Conceptual Paradigm

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Perceptions
CULTURAL ANALYSIS

Philippines Cultures ON THE NINGAS

KUGON VALUE OF THE

The research paradigm shows that the Dependent variable affects the outcome of the

study. The Perception was filled with different colors to represent the different perceptions of the

Filipinos. Philippines Cultures was color light brown to represent the Cultures that has been

treasured in the Philippines. And the Implications are blankly colored to show that the blind

outcomes will affect the Study.

Significance of the Study

This study ought’s to help generally the Filipinos to converge the results of the analysis

on the Filipino Cultural Value Ningas Kugon , yet this study primarily targets the students,

teachers and workers

Students: Students are highly prone to this Cultural Value because students are given tasks

every year. And almost all of the students in the Philippines had done this Cultural Value. This

study would help the students to analyze and review the certain ways to overcome Ningas

Kugon.
Teachers: teachers are the source of education for everyone. Ningas Kugon is the obstacle or a

wall to learning and the teachers are the hammers that would be needed to break that wall, the

teachers are the key for the next generations to understand the nature of this culture and will help

them avoid it. That’s why this study will help to avoid it so that education and the pride of the

Filipinos won’t fall into pieces

Workers: the study is a great help to the workers for the workers have a high risk of doing the

culture, workers are the ones that has the most progress related tasks. Ningas Kugon bends the

quality of work and because of that many have no jobs to begin with. With this study those

workers will understand the mistakes they are making when they do not take the chances.

Young generation: the young generations are the off springs of hope. This study will help them

overcome the tainted fate of Ningas Kugon. With the help of the Community the young

generations would evolve for the Country eliminating the tainted Culture and sparking the start

of progress in the country.

Filipino readers: The study basically aims on a Filipino Culture and Filipinos are the greatest

beneficiary of the research. Because it will awaken them on the discrimination on the culture has

done to the country for being a common trait.

Researchers: The researchers will learn every potential that the Ningas Kugon has. The study

will help to gain knowledge on the Cultural Values and how they affect a personality. It will

greatly make influence the others on the said problem and will help build a group of people who

understands and manipulate the nature of Ningas Kugon

Future researcher: Future researchers will benefit the results of the study gaining more

knowledge on Ningas Kugon and will be a great aid on studying other Cultural values. It will
also help them to understand how the Culture works and how a person possesses it and learning

these will be one great way to understand the other cultures that affect community’s progress

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study is a Cultural Analysis type of Qualitative research and the Investigation was

conducted in the municipality of Sariaya, Quezon through the method Convenience on gathering

data. There are 5 respondents and are chosen through quota sampling, to determine the possible

effect of having a Ningas Kugon value to the culture of Filipinos. This study aims to know the

perceptions and insights of the respondents to this value that may affect their everyday lives.

Ningas Kugon is one of the bad etiquette that Filipinos have. It can affect the culture of Filipinos

by exerting great effort in such works but later on, they’re losing their interest on it.

The limitation of this study includes the time that gives to the researchers in not enough,

limited access to resources and limited respondents that the researchers have.

Definition of terms

The terms in this study are operationally and conceptually defined.

Ningas - a small blaze, to shine brightly, fire or spark

Cogon – is any of several tall grasses of south-eastern Asia used especially for thatching, fodder,

and erosion control

Ningas Kugon – a cultural value that means that the individual is unable to maintain the quality

of his/her work any better than a Cogon grass maintains its burn
Cultural value- Set of values and generic beliefs that individuals naturally learn through

education and socialization and that are recognized and shared by the members of a society.

Diversity: understanding the uniqueness and recognizing the differences of an individual

CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Related Studies

This chapter is all about Review of related literature and related studies. The concept and

findings are taken from journals, books, unpublished thesis, and online resources that supported

the study. The readings will provide analysis on Filipino Cultures showing the roots, effects and

similar traits of Ningas Kugon.

Related Literature

In reference to an Article by Bryan Tan (2016), Filipino Time has transcended being a

mere habit of Filipinos. Instead, it’s become a form of branding of our people, our companies,

and our country as a whole already. After all, whenever foreigners come to our country, and they

complain of experiences dealing with tardy Filipinos here, it’s easy to tell them: “Oh, well that’s

because we follow Filipino Time.” And because we call it Filipino Time, foreigners can

generalize that all Filipinos, and everything else in the Philippines, is late as well. As such,

tardiness becomes the brand of our people and our country. And yet, many Filipinos continue to

just tolerate it, accept it, or even practice it.

This clearly states that negative cultures that Filipino possesses bring shame to its nation.

It is because of the stereotyping done by foreigners. Yet it is really because of what the people
are shown to them, that's why Filipinos are being labelled for that case. Filipinos need to take a

step for this problem because not just Filipino Time, some other Negative Culture that

Philippines own bring discrimination to itself.

As stated in the article of Michael Baylosis about the Toxic Filipino Culture (2019). In

grade school, “Toxic Filipino Culture” used to mean the likes of Ningas Kugon, Mañana habit,

Filipino time and Bahala na. But modern times and our shift to more urban lives have swung the

spotlight to other negative traits in the Filipino psyche, at least among many young people who

chafe at these norms and feel the need to speak up about them. The sense of openness and

frankness that the modern era has fostered allows us to see more clearly the downside of

unsavoury but deeply embedded traits disguised as conventional interpersonal relations and

cultural habits, and to challenge their place and purpose in our evolving society. From here,

future generations will be the beneficiaries of any changes we are bold enough to apply to our

Filipino-style parenting, relating and coexisting practices.

It presents that those Filipino Culture have a chance to develop even more. There is a

way to harness the negative traits that Filipino have. In the modern days the subjects are

noticeable in plain sight. Giving that away it is very likely to be resolve sooner or later,

eliminating the prejudice among Filipino culture.

In accordance to the Kapal ng Mukha and Filipino Identity. To understand Filipino

Philosophy is to unravel into the inmost manifestations of the Filipino thought and culture. In

this attempt to understand the Filipino identity, the concept of makapal na mukha is being

sought. Makapal na mukha is grounded on the term walang hiya. Walang hiya is grounded on

the Filipino trait of Hiya which is connected to the concept of Dangal and Utang na loob. It is in
the concept of utang na loob that hiya takes its ground. It is found out that hiya is onesided or

biased on the beneficiary rather than that of the benefactor. The cyclic relationship of the

benefactor and beneficiary is bounded by the utang na loob. In this relationship, corruption is

systemic since it does not satisfy only individual greed of the benefactor but presented as

benevolence to the benficiary. This value system of utang na loob is deely rooted in the Filipino

morality and epistemology which value the person more than the truth. Many traces of

corruption could be seen in the Philippine Government. Many corrupt politicians still thrive in

power. They still have their support from their beneficiaries who are indebted to them (Pardillo,

2010).

In some circumstance even the positive Filipino traits are the causes of these negative

ones. Yet in analyzing the said trait it will be very helpful. The idea is to find the possible roots

of the trait and connect it. And also look for the effects or the next subject for the trait for

example Curroption rooting from Ningas Kugon rooting from excessive Determination.

An article by Nirmla Motoomull shows that Filipino has a trait called Ningas kugon or

putting things off for tomorrow exists. Filipinos are more relaxed and laid-back than some of our

Asian neighbours. If someone ant things done or submitted at a certain time, that someone will

have to spell it out, give a deadline and give reminders along the way. But if that someone

creates a company culture where a sense of urgency is a must, Filipinos will step up and help

them get the habit (2015).

The author being a Filipino herself shows that there has been acceptance of the trait.

Many Filipino consider Ningas Kugon as a part of their lives. And when someone wants

something to be done there must be instructions and deadline for things to be done. And without
instructions the task are left undone. This culture had become a habit for Filipinos and is being

ignored.

According to Joan Cyril Abello (2014), the Philippines is rich both in human and natural

resources. Also, Filipinos are intelligent and they have the capability to compete globally.

Therefore, if these weights will be removed, then they can advance higher and faster. Everything

will only be possible if each of them will start the change. Yet habits are hard to break, and many

people who have them are not even aware they possess them. They can be encountered

everywhere. Oftentimes they are irritating, especially if someone is a positive minded person

because these habits are oozing with negativity.

Even though the Philippines are wealthy in resources, it carries a mole with it showing

some disgrace on attitude and Cultural traits. If someone would describe that trait stereotyping is

not avoidable. The reason is the commonness of that trait.

The Filipino attitude of bahala na (“come what may”) enables a person to meet

difficulties and shortcomings with resignation by leaving it up to the Almighty to sort things out.

This attitude can also result in overconfidence that everything will work out in his interest

without doing anything. And The Filipino’s mañana habit causes the delays in many public

transactions and even corporations. This attitude can affect the engagement to wait until

tomorrow or the next day especially when the person involve is not interested or not in the mood.

The bahala na attitude is the outcome of the mañana habit when the tasks are left undone. This is

usually shown and even expressed by people who do not care much of what lies ahead and just

leave everything in fate. However, one must remember that many Filipinos take their time in

doing things or in making decisions. (Hays, 2015)

Kugon. That being said all of those interconnected to progress of a task. Yet stereotyping must

still be considered that’s why the author clearly stated that not all Filipino possess the trait. That

shows that he is aware of the discriminations led by those traits.

As stated in the article entitled Mañana Habit is a Disease. Filipinos have been plagued

by Mañana habit at one time or another when they heighten how much time they have to

complete a task or lessen how long it takes to complete it which forces them to work under

pressure resulting to half-baked ideas and solutions. This habit shows Filipinos culture’s lack of

sense in time which is most true especially to students. This is a social problem because most

Filipinos are under an illusion that they are dealing with important urgent tasks but realize in the

end that they are just wasting their time. This is a Filipino habit and they could easily determine

procrastinators because almost everyone in the society is procrastinating which causes them to

inadequately accomplish productive work (Joaquin, 2014).

In agreement in the statement above Students are major victims of these kinds of personal

traits. Youth as the hope of the society, being said students affected by these traits will cause

another sequence of passing down of the said cultures. Even though it is not literally a disease

the trait spreads from time to time to time.

As stated in the article written by Yuna Kim (2016). Filipino time is the staple excuse.

And we get away with it. Generations after generations of Filipinos have accepted this tradition

and have wrongly embraced it as one of many identities unique from other nationalities. Filipinos

will fall short of progress and success, if time, one of the most important things, is wasted. It is
unprofessional and a sign of bad organization if the permanent solution and alibi to being late is

because of the fact observed on Filipino time.

As clearly it says time is wasted. Generations had passed yet there are no solutions to the

subjects. The reason for that is the traits are altering progress.

There is nothing healthy behind this way of relating to others. A communal dismal

downfall benefits no one. Downplaying or criticising another person’s success or happiness

doesn’t really lift anyone up, despite it supporting the illusion of it doing so. The crab mentality

just feeds into a person’s existing paradigm of unworthiness and insecurity (Woolfe, 2018).

The causes of some negative traits are because of the growth of the other. It is taken in

jealousy, lost of confidence, generalizations, etc. Which affect both parties progress whether it

will be mutually bad or the other one will take it as a boast.

Pia Roces Morato’s article on crab mentality (2018) states that , While crabs in a bucket

pull each other down in a useless “I’m the king of the Hill” struggle, finding solutions and

thinking long term get everyone to the top. The challenge in reality is knowing one’s self. It is

here that we learn to yield when needed and move forward when it is time. If we build on

ourselves, we become more open to others and openness allows us to respond rather than react.

After all, we are human beings part of one community and not a bunch of crabs in a bucket.

The statement above states that a solution starts from oneself. And resentment against

others progress will not increase your chance of progressing. Also cooperation is a key to large

progress. If one is striving for the good of a nation another one must not fall behind nor pass it

pace but keep the pace with everybody.

Based on the study Bahala Na as an Expression of the Filipino's Courage, Hope,

Optimism, Self-efficacy and Search for the Sacred, (Menguito and Teng Calleja, 2010). It was

evident that the Filipino value of Bahala Na can be negative, positive, or neutral depending on

the situation and the antecedent behaviour. The participants however were generally in

agreement that in most instances, they have done their best and exerted enough effort before

resorting to bahala na. Bahala Na retains some of its more popular negative aspects, the

predominant view suggests a rational assessment of one's resources and context that generally

leads to actions geared towards addressing one's needs or attaining one's goals. It was also

discovered that a person's socio-economic status influences the context where bahala na is said

and how this affects emotions, which is spitting a bad image for the Philippine Culture

The study is much related to Ningas Kugon. Because it is said that most the time before

they give up and say “bahala na” the determination before handed was high which results to

Unfinished works similarly to the Ningas Kugon. This type of Filipino trait distort ones emotions

leading to negative results whether to the person itself or the task. As the result of the study this

show that not just Ningas kugon but also some similar Filipino traits are bringing negative

visions on the Philippine Culture. This is why most of the goals of studies on Cultural Values are

to harness it and ways to promote the Philippine Culture.

The study Filipino Cultural Attitudes and Help-Seeking Behaviours for Substance use

show that Filipino substance users most likely use the cultural attitude “bahala na” to remove

their sense of personal responsibility. Using this passive attitude may help Filipino substance

users minimize their feelings of shame, stigma, and fears of social rejection. This attitude may
also mask the urgency for substance users to seek help as they may not want to be a burden on

others. In the same way, “bahala na” masks the urgency for support persons to intervene as they

also may not want to overstep their perceived boundaries. (Caoile, 2015)

The study shows that a cultural attitude is an influence to a person’s mind that is

sometimes the cause of SUD. Referring to the bahala na attitude Filipinos gives up the

possibilities of the future to let the time pass by and let the surroundings do its work. With this

study it will help to show the possible outcomes when possessing these kinds of Filipino Traits.

As for it destroys the image of the person and also the nation it hold.

The findings stated on the study Filipino American Culture and Traditions, identified the

specific traditions and or practices, and how they are passed across generations. The culture is

passed down primarily through individuals’ upbringing within their environment. It is developed

through childhood, by being shown, taught, and told how to engage in specific actions, tasks or

events. Hearing stories from their family, friends, peers, and the community. (Bautista, 2014)

This shows that Filipino Cultures were far long in time. Even though the practices are

years of years ago, the culture has been passed down from generations to generations. Yet there

is no exception what is seen and what is passed were both has positive and negative impacts for

the society. And the common ways of passing it down is the visual presentation of the practice.

As mentioned on the study Filipino Traits and Constructivitism. Filipino traits are gained

from years of hardship and victory of our country. These traits put together create the culture of a

country and became their identity. Changing the culture for the purpose of being aligned with the

national standard is a difficult task for all Filipino educators. Changing one’s behaviour is harder

than delivering the lesson, but the teaching and learning to be considered effective, teachers must
be able to get the learners perform and learn from the task in their own way that may result in

life-long learning. Teachers must be able to understand the learners’ behaviour in order to

prepare appropriate strategy. Knowing the common traits of the Filipinos could be another basis

to evaluate the currently implemented curriculum.(Lunar, 2016)

In that study, educators are the ones responsible for teaching good Filipino Values. But

changes in the Cultures of the Filipinos will make an impact on Cultural identity because of the

sudden changes that will cause them. Even though change is a solution, it is rather be easy told

than done. But with the determination and knowledge of the problem, evaluation of solutions are

possible and change is also achievable.

In reference to Defining Diskarte: Exploring Cognitive Processes, Personality Traits, and

Social Constraints in Creative Problem-Solving (Morales, 2017).This review has framed diskarte

as creative problem solving in response to practical problems within one’s social sphere. It

differs from ordinary problem-solving in that it requires creative ideation, specifically divergent

thinking, making remote associations, and flexible cognitive control, to generate original

solutions. Personality traits of creative individuals that may facilitate the effective use of

diskarte include openness to experience, psychopathic boldness, and accepting of some but not

all social norms.

This trait will help to show that a diskarte is needed to achieve a goal. It can be break

down into steps and multiple plans. It also shows that a personal trait like this is a good example

for giving Philippines a good image.

CASE1 done by Rolando M, Gripalgo (2015). Culture develops in history and history feeds on

culture for its development, some individuals and groups move faster in cultural and historical

development while others lag behind in various stages of growth. This is not only true among

persons and tribes but also among nations or states.

It says that Cultures are one of the reasons a country or group develop faster. Bringing

attention to some other country for a nation of a good tradition reels up popularity and good

image.

According to Lowel J. Domocmat on the UNDERSTANDING FILIPINO VALUES, A

WINDOW FOR MISSION study (2011). Filipinos have a high regard for social acceptance.

They desire smooth interpersonal relations, pakikisama, which are revealed in their passive

agreement with others to avoid conflict. Besides, Filipinos make an effort to do things right to

evade hiya. Moreover, to maintain their amor propio they give more weight to what others say

about them than to what they think of themselves. They want to be treated by others as a person

and live in their society with honor. Lastly, if Filipinos are helped especially in a time of great

need they are morally obliged to reciprocate the utang na loob.

As told above Filipinos are known for having a tie with social acceptance. These affect

the psychological minds of a person on how will they cope to another. Also it will determine if

that person will be hooked up for that task or topic. If it will not benefit him he would rather not

appear or do nothing.
 In a study entitled The Cultural Identity of Filipino-Foreign Youth as Manifest by

their Communication Practices (Alberto, Favila, 2012) The Fil-foreign youth affiliation to

Filipino and foreign culture is influenced by four factors: the parent’s active participation in the

teaching Filipino and foreign culture, the informants’ friends, school and willingness to learn.

This study shows that even communications are affected by Cultures and not only

pure Filipinos but also Filipino Foreign Youth. Given that Filipino have a disguisable negative

Culture it would be a prejudice for the Philippines if the foreign youth would inherit such traits.

Based on the study A Comparative Study on the Socio-cultural Behaviors of

Singaporeans and the Filipinos done by Maria Victoria A. Cruz(2011) Crab mentality and

kiasuism are similar in many ways. All respondents look at both as negative traits rather than

positive. However, in a developed country such as Singapore, kiasuism appears to play a role in

a healthy competitive environment. This has led to an excellence-oriented environment that is

key to the nation’s further progress and success. This is attributed to how the country’s

government leaders practice and apply positive perspectives of kiasuism.

This show that Crab Mentality may be similar to kiasuism yet does not compete

with the positive role of it in progress. It is the reason why progress is slow. Which is also a

downside why Philippines is still a 2nd world Country

In reference to a study entitled Human Behaviour in Organization. Culture is also

largely relevant to how values shape behavior, as a given organizational culture can create

camaraderie and social interdependence. Conforming to the expectations and values of the

broader organization is a common outcome of organizations with strong ethos and vision. Such

an organization promotes passion and positive behavior in their employees (Castillo, 2016).
 In comparison in Organizations Culture and Values tells how rich and how productive an

organization can be. As a country can develop within Nation’s Culture through regulation it

serves as a brand/label for how it is done.

Synthesis

These reviews of related literature and related studies have given analysis to the

researcher of this research on the similar Cultural traits that negatively affects the Filipinos. Also

given the analysis on some positive results on what could be achieve when a culture has been

harness or improve on a given space. these will shape the research outcome and how would it

procede.

CHAPTER III

Research Methodology

This chapter will introduce the methodology of the research. Specifically the research

design, the research locale, the respondents of the study, the research instrument, and the data

gathering procedures.

Research Design

This study will employ the qualitative type of research. Qualitative research is a situated

activity that locates the observer in the world. It consists of a set of interpretive, material

practices that makes the world visible. These practices transform the world. They turn the world

into a series of representations, including field notes, interviews, conversations, photographs,

recordings, and memos to the self. At this level, qualitative research involves an interpretive,

naturalistic approach to the world. This means that qualitative researchers study things in their
natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or to interpret, phenomena in terms of the

meanings people bring to them. (Denzin & Lincoln, 2005).

The type of qualitative research is a Cultural Analysis. Cultural Analysis is looking at all

social and cultural aspects of life. They are involved in the efficiency in businesses and

organisations. So, how people work and interact with each other, how they create a community

and inclusive environments etc., that is all based on their background and common practices. The

study is important when it comes to things such as communications and social frictions but also

important for the functionality of different organisations. That’s where the idea of how culture is

related to the capacity of innovation. (Jonsson, 2015). The research goal was to identify the

nature of values which is used in different work places and divisions. Cultural analysis is the

perfect fit to study on Ningas Kugon to show that a culture that aren’t paid attention and

accepted as a culture is not only affecting the mentality but also the workplace involved, the task,

and the surrounding personalities.

Research Locale

This research will be conducted in Municipality of Sariaya, Quezon. Sariaya has been

known for long for its tourism activities because of the different heritage that sariaya treasures in

its community. aspects of the place that are of interest to visitors include Sariaya’s heritage

houses that were designed by famous Manila-based architects. These houses are mostly found

close to the Catholic Church, which was built in the 18th century, and to the municipio which is

also of architectural significance the profile also states that Sariaya is home to many festivals.

Visits to Sariaya can be alternative learning opportunities to understand historical, political,

economic, social, cultural and environmental issues that apply to a municipality and the country
in general (Rodriguez, 2011). The researcher chose the location for the research to try the means

of expose the nature of Ningas Kugon with that this will help to eliminate the discrimination that

possible visitors of the town might use for some cultural researches and will also help to lessen

disappointment on the tourist. Also this is where the boundary is set for the researchers on

conducting the study.

Respondents of the Study

There are 5 selected respondents. The respondents are combinations of some students,

some workers, some teachers and some residents. The sampling technique that would be used to

select the respondents is convenience. The technique will help the researcher gather the willing

and those who are aware of the said topic. The reason why the respondents are combinations of

different profession is to show and gather different effects in different aspects.

Research Instrument

The method to be used to gather data will be an interview method. Because the research

is a qualitative one and the data must be subjective. An unstructured interview will be used; the

reason is the respondents have different professions and different tasks. To gain accurate data for

the research. The question would be based on the three parts of the statement of the problem of

the study. To build up the questions to be asked on the interview the researchers set upped 2

parts for it. The first part is 5 questions that would get the perceptions of the selected respondents

on the Ningas Kugon value of the Filipinos. The second part is another 5 questions to get

information on how does the Ningas Kugon value of the Filipinos affect the culture in the

Philippines.
Data Gathering Procedure

Approval of Interview Sheet

Research Adviser Other School Authorities

Informed Consent

Selection of Respondents Approval and The Consent of Respondents

Interview Process

Interviewing of Respondents

Data Analysis

Data Compilation Data Analyzing

This is the step by step process of the data gathering procedure. Firstly the researcher

would like to seek for approval of their interview sheet from the Research Adviser and Other

School Authorities (e.g. Principal). After the approval the next step would be the finding or

selecting the respondents through convenience and then seeking for consent and approval to

conduct a study to them. After getting the informed consent the interview will take place. After

the interview, the researchers will compile or gather all the date to safely and completely analyze

it.