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LDD For Relational Database Management System: Internal

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95 views9 pages

LDD For Relational Database Management System: Internal

This document is not for general distribution and is meant only for the person they are specifically issued to. Copying or unauthorized distribution of this document, in any form or means including electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise is illegal.

Uploaded by

somjohari
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LDD for Relational Database Management System

INTERNAL
COPYRIGHT NOTICE

All ideas and information contained in this document are the intellectual property of
Education and Research Department, Infosys Technologies Limited. This document is
not for general distribution and is meant for use only for the person they are
specifically issued to. This document shall not be loaned to anyone, within or outside
Infosys, including its customers. Copying or unauthorized distribution of this
document, in any form or means including electronic, mechanical, photocopying or
otherwise is illegal.

Education and Research Department


Infosys Technologies Limited
Electronics City
Hosur Road
Bangalore - 561 229, India.

Tel: 91 80 852 0261-270


Fax: 91 80 852 0362
www.infy.com
mailto:E&[email protected]
Infosys Technologies Limited Table of Contents

Contents

Contents ....................................................................................................................................... iii


LDD for RDBMS ............................................................................................................................. 1
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Data processing ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2 The database technology .......................................................................................... 1
1.3 The data models.......................................................................................................... 1
2 ER Modeling .......................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 ER Modeling basic concepts ........................................................................................ 1
2.2 ER modeling notations ............................................................................................... 2
2.3 Case study-ER modeling ............................................................................................ 3
2.4 Relational database design ....................................................................................... 3
3 Normalization ......................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 Well structured table .................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Insert, update and delete anomalies ..................................................................... 4
3.3 Normalization .............................................................................................................. 4
3.4 Functional dependency ............................................................................................. 4
3.5 Normal forms ............................................................................................................... 4
3.6 Case study- Normalization ........................................................................................ 4
4 SQL ......................................................................................................................................... 4
4.1 DDL statements ............................................................................................................. 4
4.2 DML statements ........................................................................................................... 4
4.3 Relational Algebra operations ................................................................................. 5
4.4 Sub queries ................................................................................................................... 5
4.5 Case Study to solve the Query using different concept (Join, Independent
and Correlated sub Query) ................................................................................................... 5
4.6 Views .............................................................................................................................. 5
4.7 DCL statements ........................................................................................................... 5

INTERNAL
Infosys Technologies Limited LDD for RDBMS

LDD for RDBMS


1 Introduction
1.1 Data processing
1.1.1 Data processing modes

1.1.2 Traditional method of storage

1.1.3 Disadvantage of Traditional method

1.2 The database technology


1.2.1 The three layer architecture

1.2.2 Advantages of DBMS

1.2.3 Users of DBMS

1.2.4 Different database technologies

1.3 The data models


1.3.1 The hierarchical model

1.3.2 The network model

1.3.3 The relational model

2 ER Modeling
2.1 ER Modeling basic concepts
2.1.1 Entity type
2.1.1.1 Strong entity

2.1.1.2 Weak entity

2.1.1.3 Entity instance

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Infosys Technologies Limited LDD for RDBMS

2.1.2 Attributes
2.1.2.1 Key attribute

2.1.2.2 Simple attribute

2.1.2.3 Composite attribute

2.1.2.4 Stored attribute

2.1.2.5 Derived attribute

2.1.2.6 Single valued attribute

2.1.2.7 Multi-valued attribute

2.1.3 Relationship Type

2.1.3.1 Relationship instance

2.1.3.2 Degree of a relationship

2.1.3.3 Cardinality of a relationship

2.1.3.4 Relationship participation

2.2 ER modeling notations


2.2.1 Entity

2.2.1.1 Strong entity

2.2.1.2 Weak entity

2.2.2 Attribute

2.2.2.1 Key attribute

2.2.2.2 Multi valued attribute

2.2.2.3 Composite attribute

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2.2.3 Relationship
2.2.3.1 Degree of relationship

2.2.3.2 Role names

2.2.3.3 Cardinality of relationship

2.2.3.4 Relationship participation

2.2.3.5 Attributes of relationships

2.3 Case study-ER modeling


2.3.1 Using Microsoft Visio to draw ER Diagram

2.4 Relational database design


2.4.1 Conversion of strong entity types

2.4.2 Conversion of weak entity types

2.4.3 Conversion of relationships

2.4.3.1 Conversion of unary relationships

2.4.3.2 Conversion of binary relationships

2.4.3.3 Conversion of ternary relationships

2.4.4 Case study- deriving relational schema design from ER model

3 Normalization

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Infosys Technologies Limited LDD for RDBMS

3.1 Well structured table


3.2 Insert, update and delete anomalies

3.3 Normalization

3.4 Functional dependency


3.4.1 Full dependency

3.4.2 Partial dependency

3.4.3 Transitive dependency

3.5 Normal forms


3.5.1 First normal form (1NF)

3.5.2 Second normal form (2NF)

3.5.3 Third normal form (3NF)

3.6 Case study- Normalization

4 SQL
4.1 DDL statements
4.2 DML statements

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4.3 Relational Algebra operations


4.3.1 Set operations

4.3.1.1 Union

4.3.1.2 Union all

4.3.1.3 Intersection

4.3.1.4 Minus

4.3.2 Cartesian product

4.3.3 Joins
4.3.3.1 Self join

4.3.3.2 Equi join

4.3.3.3 Outer join

4.3.4 Case Study on joining two or more than two Tables

4.4 Sub queries


4.4.1 Nested sub queries

4.4.2 Correlated sub queries

4.5 Case Study to solve the Query using different concept (Join,
Independent and Correlated sub Query)

4.6 Views
4.6.1 Creation of Views

4.6.2 Updating through View

4.6.3 View Restriction

4.6.4 Advance concepts in View

4.7 DCL statements


4.7.1 Grant Command

4.7.2 Revoke Command

4.7.3 Commit

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4.7.4 Rollback

4.7.5 Savepoint

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