Geotechnical and Structural Instrumentation

Bridges Geogrids Pipelines

Dams Groundwater Slope Stability

Embankments Landfills Tunnels

Excavations Mines Waste Repositories

Foundations Piles Wind Turbines

GEOKON, INCORPORATED
Contents

Company Information ›
Tiltmeters    Pendulums

01 Company Profile 14 Tiltmeters

02 Projects Overview 14 Tilt Sensors
03 Projects Overview 14 Tilt Beams
14 Pendulum Readouts
Strain Gages

04 Strain Gages Readouts

04 Rebar Strainmeters 15 Readouts

15 Field PCs
Displacement Transducers 16 Vibrating Wire Analyzers
05 Jointmeters
05 Strandmeters ›
Dataloggers    Software

05 Crackmeters 16 Readouts
05 Convergence Meters 16 Terminal Boxes
05 Deformation Meters 16 Surge Modules
05 Soil Extensometers 17 Frequency to Analog Converters
17 Autoresonant Sensors
Extensometers 17 Dataloggers
06 Extensometers 17 Software
06 Settlement Points 18 Dataloggers
07 Anchors 18 Wireless Dataloggers
07 Readout Instruments 18 Multiplexers
07 Sensors 18 Wireless Vibrating Wire Interface
07 Extensometers 19 Wireless Network
07 Displacement Meters 19 Software

Piezometers Stressmeters

08 Piezometers 20 Borehole Pressure Cells

08 Pressure Transducers 20 Stressmeters
09 Piezometers 20 Stress Cells
09 Pressure Transducers 20 Borehole Deformation Gages
09 Downhole Water Level Dataloggers
09 Weir Monitors Fiber Optic

21 Fiber Optic Strain Gages

Settlement Sensors 21 Fiber Optic Temperature Sensors
10 Settlement Systems 21 Fiber Optic Rebar Strainmeters
10 Settlement Profilers
›
Temperature    Miscellaneous
›
Pressure Cells    Load Cells 22 DeAerators
11 Pressure Cells 22 Semiconductor Piezometers, Pressure Transducers
11 Shotcrete Stress Cells 22 Thermistor Probes
11 Pile Tip Pressure Cells 22 Thermistor Strings
11 Load Cells 22 Temperature Gages
22 Cables
Inclinometers

12 Digital Inclinometer Systems Applications

12 Spiral Indicators 23 Pile Testing Instrumentation

12 Inclinometer Probes 24 Concrete Dam Instrumentation
12 Software 24 Earth Dam Instrumentation
13 In-Place Inclinometers 25 Deep Excavation Instrumentation
13 Inclinometer Casing 25 Tunnelling Instrumentation

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
01    Company Profile

Company

GEOKON, INCORPORATED is located in Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA mentation is manufactured at our factory in the USA, by a staff of
and operates on a worldwide basis through a network of agencies. The trained, qualified and experienced machinists and assemblers.
company was founded in 1979 and currently has over 100 employees. In particular, GEOKON, through innovation and experience, has
Over the years, GEOKON has emerged as The World Leader in Vibrat- developed a line of vibrating wire sensors unsurpassed anywhere
ing Wire Technology  ™   due to our quality, responsive customer service in the world. These highly reliable devices have contributed in no
and industry-leading designs. Our broad range of geotechnical instru- small way to the growing worldwide acceptance of vibrating wire
as the most suitable technology for geotechnical applications.

Products

GEOKON manufactures a complete line of geotechnical instruments The pages of this catalog provide a brief description of the stan-
including extensometers, piezometers, strain gages, crackmeters, dard GEOKON product lines.* Individual data sheets with addi-
jointmeters, load cells, settlement sensors, pressure cells, incli- tional information and complete product details are also available.
nometers, dataloggers and custom designs made to order. GEOKON If these products do not meet your needs, members of our expe-
instruments are used primarily for monitoring the safety and stability rienced staff are ready to work with you to produce custom
of civil and mining structures such as dams, tunnels, mine openings, instrumentation for special applications. Call or write for more
foundations, piles, embankments, retaining walls, slopes, subway information or visit our website at www.geokon.com and find out
systems, underground powerhouses, bridges, culverts, pipelines, why GEOKON has a reputation for high quality, reliability and ser-
shafts, slurry wall excavations, braced excavations, tiebacks, nuclear vice unequaled in the industry.
waste repositories, ground water remediation schemes and the like.

Vibrating Wire Technology

The resonant frequency of vibration of a tensioned steel wire is depen- Frequencies can be transmitted over long cables (>2000 m) without
dent on the strain or tension in the wire. This fundamental dependency appreciable degradation of the signal caused by variations in cable
is utilized in a variety of configurations for the measurement of strain, resistance, which can arise from water penetration, temperature
load, force, pressure, temperature, and tilt. fluctuations, contact resistance or leakage to ground. This factor,
Vibrating wire sensors are well known for their long-term stability. The coupled with the elegance and ruggedness of GEOKON designs
advantage of vibrating wire sensors over more conventional types lies results in sensors which exhibit excellent long-term stability and
mainly in the sensor output, which is a frequency rather than a voltage. suitability for long-term measurements in adverse environments.

‘Caveat Emptor’

Imitation is a form of flattery, so we at GEOKON should feel extremely nology, we find it necessary to voice a ‘Caveat Emptor’ that appear-
flattered by the number and variety of companies that have chosen to ances aren’t everything and that beauty may be only skin deep.
copy the elegant designs of our products. Our imitators have gone to Over 38 years of experience at GEOKON has inevitably honed our
great lengths to match the appearance of their products to GEOKON’s. products to a high degree of reliability, a reliability which is depen-
So while we marvel at, and applaud the efforts of, our competitors in dent on subtle improvements and refinements that are not readily
helping us spread the good word about the use of vibrating wire tech- visible to the naked eye. This is where quality starts and ends.

Quality
ANSI • ANAB
GEOKON, INCORPORATED is committed to providing its customers with Washington, DC, and are calibrated by laboratories with ISO/IEC
Certification
Number: 10643 outstanding products and services that meet or exceed quality expecta- 17025 accreditation.
tions. As a result, GEOKON has been awarded ISO 9001:2008 registra- GEOKON is a qualified supplier for US Nuclear Facilities in accor-
UKAS
tion from both ANSI • ANAB, USA and UKAS of Great Britain. dance with the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
Certification
Number: 11507
The GEOKON calibration program complies with, and is audited to, the /Nuclear Quality Assurance (NQA)-1, Quality Assurance Program
ANSI/NCSL Z540-1 Calibration Laboratory and Measuring and Test Requirements.
Equipment General Requirements. In addition, all primary calibration The entire GEOKON product line has achieved the Russian GOST
standards are traceable to the United States Department of Com- certification for product safety and the GOST metrological
merce, National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST), in certification.
Services

GEOKON offers a variety of services including presentations and/or office In addition, GEOKON, INCORPORATED offers a comprehensive cus-
visits regarding instrumentation and/or instrument applications, training tom design service to produce custom instrumentation for special
(both in-house and on-site), installation assistance at project sites world- applications. For service rates and rental availability, please con-
wide, and the rental of certain instruments, readouts and dataloggers. tact: [email protected].

*GEOKON, INCORPORATED maintains an ongoing policy of design review and reserves the right to amend products and specifications without notice.

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 ›
02    Projects Overview

Bridges Foundations and Deep Excavations

Bridge structures in many Excavations in urban envi-

countries around the ronments require exten-
world have used GEOKON sive monitoring to ensure
sensors for measuring key their stability and to verify
parameters such as strain, that nearby structures are
displacement, force, not adversely affected.
temperature, inclination, Typical excavation/founda-
alignment and settlement. tion-related projects may
Sensors are installed permanently for long-term health mon- require instrumentation for
itoring, temporarily for load testing and/or to ensure safe the walls (slurry walls and tiebacks), bracing (cross-lot struts),
working conditions during repair or strengthening. Internet- and/or the underlying ground or adjacent structures and utili-
accessible data acquisition systems ensure that any signifi- ties. Many major cities throughout the world including New
cant change in the condition or behavior of the structure is York, Boston, Kuala Lumpur and Berlin have used GEOKON
logged, reported and efficiently monitored. instruments in these situations.

Dams Geogrids

GEOKON instruments have Geogrid reinforcements

been used to monitor and can be monitored using
analyze critical elements of displacement transducers
numerous dams throughout attached to the grid with
the world. Dams of any kind requisite clamps. Networks
can benefit from instrumen- of such transducers, con-
tation—including concrete, nected to data acquisition
rollcrete, rock-fill and earth. systems, can help identify
GEOKON instruments are areas of subsidence and
used in the dams of USA, China, Spain, South Africa, Brazil, forewarn of impending failures. Horizontal extensometers,
Czech Republic, Switzerland, Colombia, New Zealand, Kenya, pressure cells and settlement profilers are also commonly
Pakistan, Algeria, Indonesia, Thailand and Australia. used in reinforced embankment constructions.

Embankments Groundwater

The construction (staged GEOKON offers a wide vari-

or surcharged) of highway ety of options for monitor-
embankments and levees ing groundwater, lake and
often requires instru- stream levels. Products
mentation to monitor the range from simple stand-
progress of consolida- pipe piezometers and water
tion and to determine level meters, to downhole
whether the embankment water level loggers and pressure transducers connected to
is stable. Instrumentation can also be utilized to monitor the dataloggers for pump tests and real time monitoring. Sensors
effectiveness of vertical drains used to accelerate consoli- for measurements in streams and weirs are also available,
dation in embankment construction. GEOKON piezometers, along with low-power data acquisition systems to wirelessly
settlement systems, extensometers and inclinometers are collect data from many sensors spread over a wide area.
among the most common types of instruments used for
embankment monitoring. Landfills

Environmental concerns,
requiring a knowledge of
groundwater conditions
and the stability of land-
fills, have been extensively
monitored using GEOKON
instrumentation. In these
often highly corrosive regimes, special instruments, capable of
withstanding elevated temperatures and aggressive leachates,
have been constructed from titanium for added reliability and
longevity. The Staten Island Landfill in New Jersey is instru-
mented with GEOKON sensors.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
03    Projects Overview

Mines Slope Stability

Many mines, both under- Careful monitoring and

ground and open pit, have examination of slopes for
used GEOKON instruments failure warning signs is
to monitor the stability of critical for protecting peo-
underground openings or ple and/or facilities down
pit slopes. Instrumented slope. The type of instru-
mines occur in USA, Can- ments selected for any
ada, Mexico, Chile, Austra- monitoring program will
lia, New Guinea and Zaire depend upon the geology
among others. Of particular note is a full-scale, mine-wide of the soil or rock mass and the problems to be monitored
monitoring system installed at J.M. Asbestos, Quebec to but may include extensometers, piezometers, crackmeters,
warn of possible collapse of the open pit slopes. and inclinometers.

Nuclear Waste Repositories Tunnels

GEOKON has been involved Many subway systems in

in the instrumentation of major cities around the
nuclear waste reposito- world have used GEOKON
ries in the USA, Germany, instruments. GEOKON is a
Sweden and Belgium. specialist in the supply of
These applications called instruments for the NATM
for special high tempera- method of tunnel support. In
ture devices capable of withstanding high radiation levels. addition to almost all major
The willingness and ability of GEOKON to innovate enabled cities in the USA, we have instrumented subway systems in
measurements to be made where other commercially avail- Seoul, Taipei, Guangzhou, Istanbul, Hong Kong, Singapore and
able devices were unsuccessful. London. We also have instruments in the Channel Tunnel.

Piles and Pile Testing Wind Turbines

GEOKON is a leader in pile Newly constructed wind tur-

instrumentation—both bines often require instru-
steel and concrete, driven mentation to verify the
or cast-in-place. Many design and long-term per-
important projects utiliz- formance of their founda-
ing coffer dams and sheet tions. For piled foundations,
piling have been instru- instrumentation is often
mented, plus pilings on used to measure load distribution and lateral deflections along
foundations of major build- the pile, and to monitor the effectiveness of any lock off bolts.
ings in cities throughout For raft foundations, instrumentation can be installed to detect
the world. The Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia, among the tilting and to monitor pressures and any movement between
tallest buildings in the world, uses GEOKON gages. the foundation and the underlying soil or rock.

Pipelines

In situations where pipe-

lines pass over unstable
slopes, lateral forces, due
to slope movements, may
act on the pipe causing it
to bend and possibly rup-
ture. To monitor and deter-
mine any resulting stresses, vibrating wire strain gages can
be attached at various points along the pipe. Instruments for
slope monitoring and data acquisition systems, which offer
near real-time monitoring, are also available.

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 ›
04    Strain Gages

Model 3900 Embedment Strain Gage Specifications

Range 5000 με
The Model 3900 Embedment Strain Gage is designed for the measure-
Resolution 0.125 mV/V nominal
ment of dynamic strains in concrete structures, earth fills and soils. It
Accuracy¹ ±0.25% F.S.
comprises a full bridge strain gaged proving ring coupled, between two
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
flanges, with a spring and shaft. When the flanges move relative to one
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
another, the tension in the spring changes and hence the strain in the
Active Gage Length² 203 mm
proving ring. A PVC tube serves as a protective housing and holds the
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges/lengths available on request.
gage at the desired initial tension.

Model 4000 Arc Weldable Strain Gage Specifications

Range¹ 3000 με
The Model 4000 Strain Gage is designed primarily for arc welding to
Resolution 1.0 με
steel structures such as tunnel linings, excavation bracing, piles and
Accuracy ² ±0.5% F.S.
bridges. The gage has a 150 mm gage length (longer or shorter versions
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
are also available) a 3000 με range and a 1 με sensitivity. The gage
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
can be adapted for bonding to concrete or for bolting to steel surfaces
Active Gage Length¹ 150 mm
by modification of the end blocks.
¹Other ranges/lengths available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
Accuracy of ±0.1% F.S. available with optional, individual calibration.

› ›
Model 4100 4150 4151 Miniature Strain Gages Specifications 4100 4150 4151 
Range¹ 3000 με 3000 με 3000 με
The Model 4100/4150 Strain Gage has a 51 mm gage length (3000 με
Resolution 0.4 με 0.4 με 0.4 με
range, 1 με sensitivity) and is designed to measure strains in steel
Accuracy² ±0.5% F.S. ±0.5% F.S. ±0.5% F.S.
structures (4100) and on reinforcement bars (4150) where space may
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S.
be limited. The gage is installed quickly and easily by means of a
Temperature Range³ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
capacitive discharge spot welder or, for short-term use, with special
Active Gage Length 51 mm 51 mm 51 mm
epoxy adhesives. (The 4151 Strain Gage Series offers extended ranges,
¹ Model 4151-1: Range: 5,000 µε, Resolution: 1.0 µε. Model 4151-2: Range: 10,000 µε, Resolution: 2.0 µε.
5000 or 10,000 με, for use in high strain regimes). (Range is dependent on the readout).  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
Accuracy of ±0.1% F.S. available with optional, individual calibration.  |  ³ Other ranges available on request.

› ›
Model 4200 4202 4210 Concrete Embedment Strain Gages Specifications 4200 4202 4210
Range¹ 3000 με 3000 με 3000 με
These Strain Gages are designed for direct embedment in concrete.
Resolution 1.0 με 0.4 με 0.4 με
The 4200 (standard model) has a 153 mm gage length and 1 με sen-
Accuracy ² ±0.5% F.S. ±0.5% F.S. ±0.5% F.S.
sitivity and is commonly used for strain measurements in foundations,
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S.
piles, bridges, dams, tunnel linings, etc. The 4210 has a 250 mm gage
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
length making it particularly suitable for use in large aggregate con-
Active Gage Length 153 mm 51 mm 250 mm ¹
crete. The 4202 is designed for laboratory use and/or where there are
¹ Other ranges/lengths available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
space limitations. Low modulus versions, for measuring concrete cur- Accuracy of ±0.1% F.S. available with optional, individual calibration.
ing strains, are also available (please contact GEOKON for details).

›
Model 4200HT 4200HT-T High Temperature Embedment Strain Gages Specifications 4200HT 4200HT-T
Range¹ 3000 με 3000 με
The Model 4200HT and 4200HT-T (pictured at left) High Temperature
Resolution 1.0 με 1.0 με
Embedment Strain Gages are similar to the standard Model 4200.
Accuracy² ±0.5% F.S.³ ±0.5% F.S.
However, the Model 4200HT is designed for short-term use at temper-
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S.
atures up to 200°C and the Model 4200HT-T is designed for long-term
Temperature Range −20°C to +200°C −20°C to +220°C
use at temperatures up to 220°C. They are particularly useful for mea-
Active Gage Length 153 mm 148 mm
surements in autoclaved spun concrete piles.
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
³ Accuracy of ±0.1% F.S. available with optional, individual calibration.

›
Model 4911 4911A Rebar Strainmeters Specifications 4911 4911A
Range 3000 με 3000 με
The Model 4911 Rebar Strainmeter is designed for measuring strains
Resolution 0.4 με 0.4 με
in foundations, slurry walls, precast piles, caissons, bridge abutments,
Accuracy¹ ±0.25% F.S. ±0.25% F.S.
tunnel liners, etc. The standard Model 4911 (#4 rebar), known as
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S.
the “Sister Bar”, is installed alongside structural rebar. Larger models
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
(4911A) are available for welding directly into structural rebar. Where
Rebar Sizes 4 (Sister Bar) 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
short-term dynamic measurements are to be made, bonded resistance
Active Gage Length 914 mm 914 mm
(Model 3911/3911A) strain gages can be substituted, or added.
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
05    Displacement Transducers

Model 4400 Embedment Jointmeter Specifications

Ranges¹ 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mm
The Model 4400 Embedment Jointmeter is designed for use across con-
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
struction joints such as those between adjacent blocks in a concrete
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
dam. It is normally embedded across the joint to monitor the expansion
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
or contraction of the joint. The use of internal universal joints allows
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
for a degree of shearing motion.
Dimensions (L × ø) 441, 441, 441, 569 × 51 mm (flange)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4410 Strandmeter Specifications

Ranges¹ 3 mm (15,000 με)
The Model 4410 Strandmeter is designed to measure strains in tendons
Resolution < 5 με
and steel cables. Two clamps at each end of the strandmeter hold it
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
firmly onto the cable. Various size clamps are available.
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
Dimensions (L × W) 203 × 45 mm (clamp width)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4420 Crackmeter Specifications

Ranges¹ 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150 mm
The Model 4420 Crackmeter is intended to measure movement across
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
surface cracks and joints. It is installed by grouting, bolting, or bonding
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
two threaded anchors (with ball joints) on opposite sides of the crack
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
and then attaching the ends of the gage to the anchors.
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
Dimensions (L × ø)³ 318, 343, 397, 555, 645 × 8 mm (shaft)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
³ Length dimensions are in mid-range position. Coil diameter is 25 mm.

Model 4422 Micro Crackmeter Specifications

Range 4 mm (±2 mm)
The Model 4422 is a miniature crackmeter intended to measure dis-
Resolution 0.001 mm
placements across surface cracks and joints. It has been specially
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
designed for applications where access is limited and/or where mon-
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
itoring instrumentation is to be as unobtrusive as possible (e.g. on
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
historical structures or buildings).
Dimensions (L × ø) 120 × 8 mm
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

Model 4425 Convergence Meter Specifications

Ranges¹ 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150 mm
The Model 4425 Convergence Meter is used to monitor closures in
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
underground excavations, tunnels, etc. It is comprised of a spring
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
tensioned transducer, turnbuckle, connecting rod (stainless steel, fiber-
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
glass or graphite), rod clamp, and a pair of stainless steel eyebolts.
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
Dimensions (L × ø) varies with application × 25 mm (transducer)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4430 Deformation Meter Specifications

Ranges¹ 25, 50, 100, 150, 300 mm
The Model 4430 Deformation Meter with flanged ends is designed to
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
measure longitudinal deformation in dams and embankments. It can
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
also be grouted or held in place by hydraulic anchors to measure defor-
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
mations in boreholes (over the gage length). Gage lengths from 0.5 to
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
100 meters are available.
Dimensions (L × ø) 1 m, varies × 27 mm (pipe), 51 mm (flange)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4435 Soil Extensometer Specifications

Ranges¹ 25, 50, 100, 150, 300 mm
The Model 4435 Soil Extensometer is designed to be installed, in series,
Resolution² 0.025% F.S.
to measure horizontal strain in earthfill or rock-fill dams. The 4435 has
Accuracy³ ±0.1% F.S.
flanges on either end, which enable a series of extensometers to be
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
bolted together forming long strings of sensors so that complete pro-
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
files of deformation or settlement can be monitored.
Dimensions (L × ø) varies × 27 mm (pipe), 33 mm (slip coupling)
¹ Other ranges available on request.  |  ² Resolution depends on readout equipment.
³Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 ›
06   Extensometers

Model 1050 (A-1) Single Point Mechanical Extensometer Specifications

Range up to 100 mm
The Model A-1 Single Position Rod Extensometer is a very simple,
Least Reading 0.025 mm
rugged and reliable instrument, easily installed and completely
Borehole Diameter 35, 44, 51, 64 mm
recessed within the borehole for optimum protection. The Model A-1
Dimensions (L) 3 m (maximum)
is a natural first choice for monitoring the safety in and around tunnels
and mine openings.
A-1
A-3
A-4 Model 1150 (A-3) Multiple Point Groutable Anchor Extensometer Specifications
A-5
Range up to 300 mm nominal
The Model A-3 Multiple Point Rod Extensometer is the preferred
Least Reading 0.025 mm
design for installation in downward directed boreholes which are
Borehole Diameter 76 mm or over
easily filled with cement grout. Up to six anchors can be installed, at
Dimensions (L) 100 m (maximum)
various depths, in a 76 mm diameter borehole providing the capability
to locate multiple failure plains and zones of movement.

Model 1200 (A-4) Multiple Point Snap-Ring Anchor Extensometer Specifications

Range up to 300 mm nominal
The Model A-4 Multiple Point Rod Extensometer with Snap-Ring
Least Reading 0.025 mm
Anchors is quickly and easily installed in boreholes in hard or
Borehole Diameter¹ 38 to 76 mm
competent rock. Anchors are pushed to the required depth on the
Dimensions (L) 50 m (maximum)
end of setting rods and then a cord is pulled to remove the locking
¹ Any borehole diameter up to 76 mm may be specified. Note that the size of the borehole required
pin which allows two retaining rings on each anchor to snap increases with the addition of more measuring points.
outward and grip the borehole. Up to six anchors can be installed, at
various depths, in a 76 mm diameter borehole. Particularly useful in
upward directed boreholes.

Model 1250 (A-5) Multiple Point Hydraulic Anchor Extensometer Specifications

Range up to 300 mm nominal
The Model A-5 Multiple Point Rod Extensometer with Hydraulic
Least Reading 0.025 mm
Anchors is recommended for use in soft ground and soils or in rock
Borehole Diameter¹ 38 to 102 mm
where the borehole may deteriorate. This anchor is very versatile
Dimensions (L) 100 m (maximum)
and can be used in boreholes of varying diameter and roughness
¹ Note that the size of the borehole required increases with the addition of more measuring points.
oriented in any direction.

Model 1280 (A-6) Flexible Rod Extensometer Specifications

Range up to 300 mm nominal
The Model A-6 Flexible Rod Extensometer uses continuous lengths
Least Reading 0.025 mm
of fiberglass rods (inside protective tubing), cut to customer-specified
Borehole Diameter¹ 50 mm (minimum for single point)
lengths, coiled at the factory and shipped ready for installation. The
Dimensions (L) 100 m (maximum)
extensometer is lightweight, making it easier to handle for installation
¹ Note that the size of the borehole required increases with the addition of more measuring points.
and less costly to ship. On-site assembly time is minimal and the instal-
lation procedure is simplified.

Model 1300 (A-9) Retrievable Extensometer Specifications

Range¹ 12.5, 25 mm
The Model A-9 Retrievable Extensometer (Patent No. 5,585,555) is
Resolution 0.02% F.S.
designed to measure deformations in boreholes in rock and concrete.
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
The device can be used in pile load test studies, plate jacking tests and
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
virtually any application where a hole can be drilled or a pipe can be
Dimensions (L × ø) 495 mm × 45 mm (anchor); 25 mm (transducer ²)
cast into the structure being studied. The system features adjustable
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
gage lengths, rapid and simple installation/removal and high accuracy.

Model 1950 Settlement Points (Borros Type) Specifications

Range 150 mm (without resetting)
The purpose of the heave/settlement points is to measure vertical
Materials steel (inner/outer pipes)
movements in foundation soils during, and subsequent to, construc- stainless steel (Borros Anchor)
tion. The heave/settlement point consists of a three-prong anchor, a Dimensions (OD) 33 mm (outer pipe); 14 mm (inner pipe)
¼" standard inner pipe, and a 1" standard outer pipe. The pipes are
assembled in sections and fastened together with standard couplings
to the required anchor depths.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
07   Extensometers

Extensometer Anchor Types

1 Borros Type Hydraulic Anchor › For use in soft soils and clays, 3 Hydraulic Anchor › For use in rough boreholes in rock and

especially in augered boreholes. Can also be driven directly through soft ground, especially if dilations and contractions of the borehole
soft ground without a borehole being required. are anticipated. Also useful in upward directed boreholes with or
without grouting.
1 2 Groutable Anchor › The preferred anchor for use in downward-
2
3 directed boreholes. The pre-assembled extensometer is installed in 4 Snap-Ring Anchor › For use in hard or competent rock where
4
the borehole, which is then filled with cement grout. These anchors smooth uniform boreholes can be drilled. The simplicity of its
can also be used in upward-directed boreholes with a more compli- design allows for quick and easy installation.
cated grouting procedure.

›
Readout Instruments Sensors

5 1 Model 1400-4 Digital Depth Micrometer › Readout of borehole 4 Model 1500 Linear Potentiometer › Utilizes a sturdy 6.5 mm

extensometers is made on a digital counter after manual adjustment diameter rod which protrudes from both ends as the actuating shaft.
4
of the thimble. Accuracy is ±0.01 mm, Range is 25 mm extensible to This facilitates connection of the linear potentiometer to extenso-
3 150 mm using the extension rods supplied. meter rods and also permits a mechanical check on the readings.
2
2 Model 1400-1 Dial Indicator › Used for quick and easy readout of 5 Model 4450 VW Displacement Transducer › Vibrating Wire
1 borehole extensometers. Accuracy is ±0.01 mm, Range is 50 mm. Displacement Transducers provides remote readout for GEOKON
Extensometers. They are particularly useful where other types
3 Model 1450 DC-DC LVDT › DC-DC LVDT’s are for dynamic and/or
of VW sensors are used and where long cable runs are required.
high-temperature applications. Ranges are 50 mm, 100 mm and 150 Ranges are 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 230 and 300 mm. Other
mm. Other ranges available on request. ranges available on request.

Model 1610 Tape Extensometer Specifications

Tape Lengths 20, 30, 50 m and 66, 100, 165 ft
The Model 1610 Tape Extensometer is designed to measure small
Tape Tension 10 kg
changes in the distance between opposite walls or between the
Accuracy ±0.1 mm
roof and floor of excavations, tunnels, or mine openings. It can also
Dimensions (L ) 520 mm
be used to monitor deformation in structures and supports and to
measure movements of unstable slopes. Readout is provided elec-
tronically via a front panel LCD.

Model 1900 Magnetic Extensometer Specifications

Cable Lengths 30, 50, 100, 150, 200 m; 100, 125, 200, 300 ft
The Model 1900 Magnetic Extensometer is designed to measure
Resolution 1 mm
settlement or heave of soft ground under the influence of loading or
Repeatability ±3 mm
unloading due to the construction of embankments, fills, buildings,
Temperature Range¹ −30°C to +80°C
foundations, and structures. A probe is lowered inside a guide tube to
Borehole Size 102 to 152 mm
detect and measure the position of magnetic anchors located around
Dimensions (L × ø) 178 × 19 mm (probe)
the guide tube at various depths along the borehole or within the fill.
¹ Other ranges available on request.
Plate anchors are used in fill and “spider” anchors in boreholes.

Model 4427 Long Range Displacement Meter Specifications

Ranges 1, 2 m (without resetting)
The Model 4427 Long Range Displacement Meter is ideally suited for
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (0.25 mm for 1 m range)
the measurement of large displacements associated with landslides.
Accuracy¹ ±1.0% F.S.
The Model 4427 can also be used for monitoring the movement of
Temperature Range² −30°C to +60°C
boulders, snow, etc., on unstable slopes.
Dimensions (L × W × H) 610 × 152 × 152 mm (enclosure)
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

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 ›
08   Piezometers

› ›
Model 4500S/SV 4500SH 4500AL/ALV Standard Piezometers Specifications 4500S/SV 4500SH 4500AL/ALV
Ranges −100 to 350, −100 kPa to 5, 70, 170 kPa
The Model 4500 Standard Piezometer is designed to measure fluid pres- 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3 MPa 7.5, 10, 20 MPa
sures such as ground water elevations and pore pressures when buried Over Range 2 × rated pressure 2 × rated pressure 2 × rated pressure
directly in embankments, fills, etc. Also for installation inside boreholes, Resolution (minimum) 0.025% F.S. 0.025% F.S. 0.025% F.S.
observation wells and standard (> 19 mm diameter) piezometer riser Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
pipe. The Model 4500AL is designed for low-pressure ranges. The Linearity ² < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S. < 0.5% F.S.
vented version (ALV) provides automatic compensation for barometric Temperature Range³ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
pressure changes. Thermistors are included to measure temperatures.* Dimensions (L × ø) 133 × 19.1 mm 194 × 25.4 mm 133 × 25.4 mm
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ² ±0.1% F.S. option available in some ranges.
³ Other ranges available on request.

›
Model 4500B/BV 4500C Small Diameter Piezometers Specifications 4500B/BV 4500C
Ranges −100 to 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3 MPa −100 to 350, 700 kPa
These piezometers are uniquely designed to enable the automation of
Over Range 2 × rated pressure 2 × rated pressure
small diameter non-standard piezometer standpipes. The 4500B will
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum) 0.05% F.S. (minimum)
fit inside 19 mm pipe and the 4500C will fit inside 12 mm pipe.*
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional) < 0.5% F.S.
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
Dimensions (L × ø) 133 × 17.5 mm 165 × 11 mm
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

Model 4500DP Drive Point Piezometers Specifications

Ranges −100 to 70, 170, 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5 MPa
The Model 4500DP Drive Point Piezometer has the transducer located
Over Range 2 × rated pressure
inside a housing with an EW drill rod thread and removable pointed
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum)
nose cone. This model is ideally suited for use in peat and soft clays.
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
The piezometer may be recovered at the end of the job. Models are
Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
also available which use metric threads allowing for installation using
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
conventional cone penetrometer or other drill rods with adapters.*
Dimensions (L × ø) 187 × 33.3 mm
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

Model 4500HD Heavy Duty Piezometer Specifications

Ranges −100 to 70, 170, 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5 MPa
The Model 4500HD Heavy Duty Piezometer is designed for direct burial
Over Range 2 × rated pressure
in fills and dam embankments. The 4500HD is used in conjunction with
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum)
heavily armored cable to withstand earth movements during construc-
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
tion. Recommended for use in earth dams.*
Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
Dimensions (L × ø) 203 × 38.1 mm
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

Model 4500HT/HHT High Temp Piezometers / Pressure Transducers Specifications 4500HT 4500HHT
Ranges¹ −100 to 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, −100 to 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5,
The 4500HT Series High Temperature Piezometers and 4500HHT 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150 MPa 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150 MPa
Series High Temperature Pressure Transducers are designed for moni- Over Range 2 × rated pressure 2 × rated pressure
toring downhole pressures and temperatures in oil recovery systems Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum) 0.025% F.S. (minimum)
and geothermal applications, where the temperature may be as high Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
as 250°C. These sensors are supplied with either mineral insulated Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional) < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
cables or Teflon® cables inside stainless steel tubing.* Temperature Range¹ 0°C to +250°C 0°C to +250°C
Dimensions (L × ø)³ 191 × 19 mm (−100 to 700 kPa; 191 × 19 mm (−100 to 700 kPa;
1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10 MPa) 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10 MPa)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
³Please contact GEOKON for dimensions of ranges above 10 MPa and pressure connection details for 4500HHT.

Model 4500MLP Multilevel Piezometer Specifications

Ranges −100 to 70, 170, 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5 MPa
The Model 4500MLP system overcomes the problems associated
Over Range 2 × rated pressure
with the installation of multiple piezometers in a single drill hole. The
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum)
4500MLP is lowered into position and a spring loaded apparatus is
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
actuated forcing specially configured piezometer filter elements into
Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
firm contact with the borehole walls. The borehole is then grouted
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
from the bottom in one quick and simple operation.*
Borehole Diameter 100 to 150 mm
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
09    Piezometers

Model 4500Ti Titanium Piezometer Specifications

Ranges¹ −100 to 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5 MPa
The Model 4500Ti is designed specifically for use in highly corrosive
Over Range 2 × rated pressure
environments such as landfills and leach fields. Also used in criti-
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum)
cal areas where long-term survivability is essential, for example, as in
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
nuclear waste repositories and aggressive mine tailings. All exposed
Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
surfaces are made from titanium.*
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
Dimensions (L × ø) 125 × 25.4 mm
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

› ›
Model 4500H 4500HH 4580 Pressure Transducers Specifications 4500H/HH 4580
Ranges¹ (4500H)  −100 to 70, 170, 7, 17, 35 kPa;
The Model 4500H, 4500HH and 4580 Pressure Transducers are sup- 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3 MPa; 200 Mbar (Barometer) ¹
plied with a female pipe thread fitting to permit the transducer to be (4500HH)  −100 to 5, 7.5,
10, 20, 35, 75, 100 MPa
coupled directly into hydraulic or pneumatic pressure lines. The 4580
Over Range 1.5 × rated pressure 2 × rated pressure
is designed for very low fluid pressure measurements, such as ground-
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum) 0.025% F.S. (depends on readout)
water elevations in wells, water levels in streams, weirs, flumes, etc.
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
where changes in water levels of as little as 0.2 mm can be measured.
Linearity  < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional) < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
Sealed types can be used as a barometer to measure atmospheric
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
pressure changes.*†
Dimensions (L × ø) (4500H)  140 × 25.4 mm, 165 × 38 mm, 165 × 63.5 mm;
140 × 32 mm (70, 170 kPa); 110 × 63.5 mm (Barometer)
(4500HH)  143 × 25.4 mm
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4500AR Autoresonant Piezometer Specifications

Ranges 7, 17, 35, 70, 170, 350, 700 kPa;
The Model 4500AR “Autoresonant” Piezometer is designed for use 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 25, 35, 50, 75, 100, 150 MPa
with existing data acquisition systems incapable of reading standard Over Range 2 × rated pressure
(pluck and read) vibrating wire sensors. It can also be used where low Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum; depends on readout system)
frequency (< 20 Hz) dynamic measurements are required. Its high-out- Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
put offers excellent noise immunity and enhanced signal transmission Linearity < 0.5% F.S. (±0.1% optional)
over long (300 m+) cables. (Also see the Model 4500CPR and 8020 Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
Series Autoresonant Vibrating Wire Sensors, page 17.) Dimensions varies according to pressure range
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.

Model 4573 Series Downhole Water Level Dataloggers Specifications 4573-1/2-1 4573-1/2-2/3/4 4573-3-1/2/3
Range 0-4 m 0-9/0-30/0-75 m 0-4/0-9/0-30.6 m
The 4573 Series are battery powered downhole water level and tem-
Resolution 1.4 mm 2.1/4.1/8.7 mm 1.4/2.1/4.1 mm
perature dataloggers well suited for recording water levels and
Accuracy ±0.075% F.S. ±0.05% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
temperatures in shallow wells, streams, lakes and freshwater wet-
Temperature Range  −20°C to 50°C −20°C to 50°C −20°C to 50°C
lands. For saltwater deployments, such as brackish wetlands and tidal
Temperature Resolution 0.1°C @ 20°C (10 bit)
areas, the Model 4573-2 should be used. The 4573-1 (s/s) and 4573-2
Temperature Accuracy ±0.37°C @ 20°C; ±0.44°C from 0°C to 50°C
(Titanium) are available in 4 pressure ranges with measurement accu-
Memory (Non-volatile) 64K bytes memory (approximately 21,700 pressure
racies between ±0.075% F.S. and ±0.05% F.S. For less demanding and temperature samples)
applications and/or where cost is a consideration, the Model 4573-3 Battery 2/3 AA, 3.6 Volt lithium, factory-replaceable
with a polypropylene housing is available in 3 pressure ranges, with Battery Life (Typical Use) 5 years with 1 minute or greater logging interval
measurement accuracy ±0.1% F.S. Dimensions (L × ø) 150 × 24.6 mm 150 × 24.6 mm 152.4 × 31.8 mm

Model 4675LV Weir Monitor Specifications

Ranges¹ 150, 300, 600, 1500 mm
The Model 4675LV is a water level monitoring system that uses a
Resolution 0.025% F.S. (minimum)
vibrating wire force transducer to provide a highly stable and sensitive
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
means of monitoring water levels. The main component is a cylindrical
Linearity 0.25% to 0.75% F.S.
weight suspended from the force transducer. The cylinder hangs par-
Stability ±0.05% F.S. per year
tially submerged in the water whose level is to be monitored. As the
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C (using antifreeze solutions)
water level changes the changing buoyancy force on the cylinder acts
Dimensions (L × ø) 165 × 25 mm (transducer)
directly on the vibrating wire transducer and alters its tension and
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
hence its resonant frequency.

*All GEOKON, INCORPORATED vibrating wire piezometers and pressure transducers include tripolar plasma surge arrestors to protect the sensor coils from possible lightning damage.
Semiconductor piezometers and pressure transducers are also available (3400 Series). Please see page 22 for further details.
All high pressure sensors are potentially dangerous and care must be taken not to over-range them beyond their calibrated range.
†

Sensors are tested to 150% of the range to provide a factor of safety.

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 ›
10    Settlement Sensors

Model 4600 Settlement System Specifications

Ranges¹ 7, 17, 35 m
The Model 4600 Settlement System is designed for the remote mea-
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
surement of surface or subsurface settlement in fills, surcharges, dams,
Accuracy ² ±0.1% F.S.
embankments, etc. A fluid filled tube extends upward connecting the
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
transducer to a reservoir located in the moving strata or fill. The mea-
Dimensions (L × ø) 305 × 60 mm (reservoir); 191 × 35 mm (sensor)
surement of fluid pressure indicates the settlement between the sensor
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
and the reservoir. Multiple level systems are also available (please con-
tact GEOKON for details).

Model 4650 Settlement System Specifications

Ranges¹ 7, 17 m
The Model 4650 Settlement System uses a Pressure Transducer
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
attached to a settlement plate located in the settling ground. The sen-
Accuracy ² ±0.1% F.S.
sor is connected, via two fluid filled tubes extending laterally, to a
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
reservoir located on firm ground away from the area of anticipated
Dimensions (L × ø) 152 × 51 mm (reservoir); 191 × 35 mm (sensor)
movement. Fluid pressure within the tubes is sensed by the transducer
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
which indicates the settlement between the sensor and the reservoir.
The system is closed and not influenced by barometric pressure.

›
Model 3655 4655 Multipoint Settlement Systems Specifications
Ranges (3655) 7 kPa (0.68 m) H2O; 10 kPa (1.02 m) H2O;
The Model 3655 and 4655 are comprised of a series of sensitive 17 kPa (1.73 m) H2O; 35 kPa (3.57 m) H2O
Semiconductor (3655) or Vibrating Wire (4655) Pressure Transducers (4655) 70 kPa (7.14 m) H2O
connected by a special Nylon tube filled with de-aired water or a de- Resolution (3655)  depends on readout;
(4655)  0.025% F.S.
aired water/antifreeze mixture, if necessary. The string of sensors share
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
a common liquid reservoir and a pressure change measured by any
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
sensor will indicate changes in the sensor elevations, relative to one
Tubing ½" Nylon (liquid); ¼" Polyethylene (vent)
another. The Model 3655 is available with mV/V, 0-5 VDC or 4-20 mA
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.
output (specify at time of order).

Model 4651 Settlement Profiler Specifications

Range¹ 7m
The Model 4651 Settlement Profiler consists of a pressure transducer
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
inside a torpedo which is connected by a long liquid filled tube to a
Accuracy ² ±0.1% F.S.
liquid reservoir. The torpedo is pulled through a pipe buried in a fill,
Cable Reel Capacity 100 m
surcharge, embankment, etc. The transducer gives a measure of the
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C (using antifreeze solutions)
elevation profile of the pipe relative to the reservoir located on stable
Dimensions (L × ø) 203 × 35 mm (probe); 178 × 610 mm (reel)
ground. The liquid tube is stored on a reel.
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4675 High Sensitivity Settlement System Specifications

Ranges¹ 100, 150, 300, 600 mm
The Model 4675 High Sensitivity Settlement System consists of a
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
series of vessels containing liquid level sensors interconnected by a
Accuracy ² ±0.1% F.S.
liquid filled tube. A reference vessel is positioned at a stable location
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C (using antifreeze solutions)
with observation vessels positioned at different locations at approx-
Dimensions depends on range
imately the same elevation. This system is particularly suitable for
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
critical situations where high resolution is required. Settlements as
small as ±0.02 mm are detectable.

Model 4675OC Precision Settlement Monitoring System Specifications

Range¹ 75 mm
The Model 4675OC Precision Settlement Monitoring System is designed
Resolution¹ 0.025 mm
to measure differential settlements with a very high degree of accuracy
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
and resolution, making it suitable for critical applications where expected
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C (using antifreeze solutions)
settlements are small. The system uses a 3" diameter horizontal open
Dimensions depends on range
channel pipe, half filled with water or antifreeze and fixed to the structure
¹Other ranges and resolutions available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory
or tunnel under observation. Sensors are situated at required intervals conditions. Accuracy can be achieved using polynomial calibration constants.
and connected to the water in the pipe via short lengths of tubing.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 › ›
11    Pressure Cells    Load Cells

›
Model 4800 Earth 4810 “Fat Back” Pressure Cells Specifications 4800 4810
Ranges¹ 70, 170, 350, 700 kPa; 350, 700 kPa;
The Model 4800 is designed to measure total pressure in earth fills 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 20 MPa 1, 2, 3, 5 MPa
and embankments and consists of two circular stainless steel plates, Over Range 150% F.S. (maximum) 150% F.S. (maximum)
welded around their periphery, with a narrow cavity filled with de-aired Resolution 0.025% F.S. 0.025% F.S.
oil. Changing earth pressure squeezes the plates together causing a cor- Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
responding increase of oil pressure, which is measured by a vibrating Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
wire pressure transducer connected via a short length of steel tubing. Cell Dimensions (H × ø)¹ 6 × 230 mm 12 × 230 mm
The Model 4810 is similar, but has an extra-thick backplate to minimize ¹Other ranges/sizes available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
point loading effects when installed on concrete or rock surfaces.*

Model 4820 Jackout Pressure Cell Specifications

Ranges¹ 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5 MPa
The Model 4820 Jackout Pressure Cells are used to measure earth
Over Range 150% F.S. (maximum)
pressures on slurry walls. They are designed to fit inside a plate which
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
is pressed against the side of a slurry wall excavation using a hydraulic
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
jack arrangement. This method of installation ensures that the jackout
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
cell is located with its sensitive face in contact with the adjacent soil.*
Cell Dimensions (H × ø)¹ 12 × 150 mm
¹Other ranges/sizes available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4830 Push-In Pressure Cell Specifications

Ranges¹ 70, 170, 350, 700 kPa; 1, 2, 3, 5 MPa
The Model 4830 Push-In Pressure Cell is designed to be pushed in
Over Range 150% F.S. (maximum)
place for the measurement of total pressures in soils and earth fills.
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
Where effective stress is required, the cell is fitted with an integral
Accuracy ² ±0.1% F.S.
piezometer. A thread is provided on the end of the cell to allow for
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
installation using lengths of pipe or drill rods.*
Dimensions (L × W )¹ 600 × 50 mm
¹Other ranges/sizes available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 4850 NATM Style Shotcrete Stress Cells Specifications 4850-1 4850-2
Ranges¹ 7.5, 20, 35 MPa 2, 3, 5 MPa
The Model 4850 NATM Style Shotcrete Stress Cells are designed for
Over Range 150% F.S. 150% F.S.
the measurement of tangential (4850-1) and radial (4850-2) stresses
Resolution 0.025% F.S. 0.025% F.S.
in shotcrete tunnel linings. The cells consist of two rectangular steel
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S. ±0.1% F.S.
plates welded together around the periphery with a de-aired fluid
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
occupying the space between the plates. A short tube connects the
Dimensions (L × W × H)¹ 200 × 100 × 6 mm 250 × 150 × 6 mm
cell to a vibrating wire pressure transducer. A prestressing tube is pro-
¹Other ranges/sizes available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
vided for expanding the cell after the concrete has cured. Cells of this
type are also used for measurements of stress in mass concrete.

Model 4855 Pile Tip Pressure Cell Specifications

Ranges¹ 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10, 20 MPa
The Model 4855 is used to measure the pressure in cast-in-place con-
Over Range 150% F.S. (maximum)
crete piles (caissons). The cell is roughly the diameter of the pile and
Resolution 0.025% F.S.
has a thick upper plate, which provides hooks or sections of rebar to
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
allow connection to the bottom of the reinforcement cage. Two vibrating
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
wire pressure transducers are included, for redundancy in case dam-
Dimensions (H × ø)¹ 50 × 600 mm
age occurs during installation, and a remote repressurization mechanism
¹Other ranges/sizes available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
ensures good contact between the cell and the surrounding concrete.*

›
Model 3000 4900 Load Cells Specifications 3000 4900
Rated Capacities¹ 100 to 10,000 kN 100 to 10,000 kN
The Model 4900 Vibrating Wire Load Cell (inset, right) consists of a
Over Range 150% F.S. 150% F.S.
cylinder of high-strength steel with 3 or 6 vibrating wire strain gages
Resolution 0.025% F.S. 0.025% F.S.
located around the circumference of the cell. Loads applied to the cell
Accuracy² ±0.5% F.S. ±0.5% F.S.
are measured by the vibrating wire strain gages. The effects of uneven
Temperature Range³ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
and eccentric loading are minimized by averaging the output of all 3 or 6
Dimensions (ID)¹ solid, 25, 50, 75, 100, solid, 25, 50, 75, 100,
individual readings. The Model 3000 Load Cell (inset, left) has the same 125, 150, 200, 250 mm 125, 150, 200, 250 mm
annular design, using high-strength steel or aluminum, but uses electri- ¹ Other capacities and diameters available on request. The limit of the GEOKON NIST traceable calibration
cal resistance strain gages in a Wheatstone Bridge configuration. capability is 12,000 kN (1,200 tons).  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
³ Other ranges available on request.

*Models are also available with semiconductor pressure transducers (please contact GEOKON, INCORPORATED for details).

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 ›
12    Inclinometers

Model GK-604D Digital Inclinometer System Specifications

Range ±30°
The Model GK-604D Digital Inclinometer System is delivered in its
Resolution (Probe) 0.0013°
entirety and includes a Model 6100D Digital Inclinometer Probe, a reel-
Resolution (System) ¹ ±0.025 mm/500 mm; ±0.0001 ft/2 ft
mounted cable and a Field PC. The Model 6100D contains electronics
Total System Accuracy² ±3 mm/30 m; ±0.125 in/100 ft
to convert the analog voltage into a digital signal, which is transmitted
Temperature Range 0°C to +50°C; 32°F to +122°F
by the control cable to the cable reel containing the Interface, which
Wheel Base 0.5 m, 1 m; 2 ft
communicates via Bluetooth® to the Model FPC-2 Field PC. A Digital
Casing Size ID 51 to 89 mm; 2 to 3.5 in
Compass is built into the Inclinometer Probe to correct the inclinometer
Dimensions (L × ø) 700 × 25 mm, 1200 × 25 mm; 32 × 1 in (probe)
data sets for any twist (or spiraling) in the inclinometer casings. The spi-
¹ ±10 arc seconds. The resolution shown is only true in the range of ±5° from vertical.
ral survey data is presented on (and stored in) the same FPC-2 Field PC ² Within 3° of vertical.
used for taking inclinometer readings.

Model 6005 Spiral Indicator Specifications

Range 360°
The Model 6005 Spiral Indicator uses a flux-gate magnetometer to
Resolution 0.1°
measure any spiraling of inclinometer casing. It’s lowered into the
Temperature Range −20°C to +65°C
casing on the end of a standard inclinometer cable connected to the
Casing Size ID 59 to 89 mm
Model GK-604 Analog Inclinometer Readout and provides a direct
Dimensions (L × ø) 686 × 51 mm (probe)
reading of the azimuth at any point along the casing. Not suitable for
use in steel casing.

Model 6015 Horizontal Inclinometer Probe Specifications

Range ±53°
The Model 6015 Horizontal Inclinometer Probe is a modification of the
Resolution ±0.025 mm/500 mm (±10 arc seconds)
standard Model 6000 probe which allows it to be used in horizontal
Total System Accuracy ¹ ±6 mm/30 m
inclinometer casing. The probe, in effect, measures differential settle-
Temperature Range 0°C to +50°C
ment along the length of the casing.
Casing Size ID 59 to 79 mm
Dimensions (L × ø) 671 × 45 mm (probe)
¹ Within 3° of horizontal.

SiteMaster Inclinometer Data Reduction Software System Requirements

Operating Systems Windows ® 8, 7, Vista, XP Professional
SiteMaster is a powerful inclinometer processing and presentation
Memory Requirements 512 MB or more (minimum). More RAM will
program that’s used to process and present all inclinometers within a improve application performance.
project. It can also include plan view displacement graphs related to Hard Disk Requirements 60 MB (minimum)
any excavation history. SiteMaster works with any inclinometer sys-
tem which produces a text data file. Data are stored systematically in
an easy to modify folder, with corresponding displacement graphs orga-
nized in a simple and efficient manner. A reporting tool allows reports to
be quickly generated and exported in PDF or Microsoft® Word format.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
13    Inclinometers

Model 6150 MEMS In-Place Inclinometer Specifications

Range¹ ±15°
The Model 6150 MEMS In-Place Inclinometers consist of a string of
Resolution ±0.02 mm/m (±4 arc seconds)
MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) tilt sensors (uniaxial or
Accuracy² ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
biaxial) mounted on lengths of stainless steel tubing which are linked
Sensor Output Analog (±4 V @ ±15°); Digital
together by universal joints. The string of sensors is inserted inside a
Shock Survival 2000 g
pipe, or a casing installed in a borehole in the ground, with the sensor
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
cable(s) passing to the surface where they are connected to Terminal
Dimensions (L × ø) 219 × 32 mm (sensor); 362 × 32 mm (sensor ³)
Boxes or Dataloggers. Several models are available, including analog,
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
digital, addressable and wheelless versions, allowing for optimal con- ³ Addressable versions.
figuration based on application and site specifics.

Model 6155 MEMS Horizontal In-Place Inclinometer Specifications

Range¹ ±15°
The Model 6155 MEMS Horizontal In-Place Inclinometer consists of a
Resolution ±0.02 mm/m (±4 arc seconds)
string of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) tilt sensors (uni-
Accuracy² ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
axial or biaxial) mounted on lengths of stainless steel tubing which are
Sensor Output Analog (±4 V @ ±15°); Digital
linked together by universal joints. The string of sensors is installed
Shock Survival 2000 g
inside the casing with all the sensor cables passing to the surface where
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
they are connected to Terminal Boxes or Dataloggers. Several models
Dimensions (L × ø) 219 × 32 mm (sensor); 362 × 32 mm (sensor ³)
are available, including analog, digital and addressable versions, allow-
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
ing for optimal configuration based on application and site specifics. ³ Addressable versions.

Model 6300 VW In-Place Inclinometer Specifications

Range¹ ±10°
The Model 6300 Vibrating Wire In-Place Inclinometer is used in con-
Resolution² ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
junction with near vertical inclinometer casing for the measurement
Accuracy ³ ±0.1% F.S.
of lateral displacement similar to the Model 6000 Inclinometer Probe.
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
However, the Model 6300 In-Place system is designed to be left in
Dimensions (L × ø) 187 × 32 mm (sensor)
place inside the casing to permit automatic or continuous monitoring.
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
Strings of sensors are joined together to obtain deflection profiles. ³ Depends on readout equipment.

Model 6400 Inclinometer Casing Specifications

Maximum OD 70 mm, 85 mm
Model 6400 Glue-Snap ABS Inclinometer Casing is used in conjunc-
Wall Thickness 5.5 mm
tion with an inclinometer probe or in-place inclinometer system to
Dimensions (L) 1.5 or 3 m
monitor the stability of embankments, slopes, foundation and exca-
Telescoping Coupling 609 mm (extended length)
vation walls, piles, etc. The Model 6400 is flush-coupled allowing for 457 mm (compressed length)
quick and easy assembly.

Model 6500 Inclinometer Casing Specifications

Maximum OD 70 mm (casing)
The Model 6500 Inclinometer Casing is manufactured from 76.5 mm (coupling)
pultruded fiberglass ensuring a lightweight, strong, environmentally Wall Thickness 3 mm (casing)
resistant casing with grooves free from spiraling. The casings and 2 mm (coupling)
couplings are pop-riveted together and the joints are waterproofed Dimensions (L) 3 m (casing)
300 mm (coupling) 
using caulk and tape.
Telescoping Coupling available up to 3 m (specify)

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 › ›
14    Tiltmeters   Pendulums

Model 6101D MEMS Digital Tiltmeter Specifications

Range ±15°
The Model 6101D MEMS Digital Tiltmeter is a low-cost, portable
Resolution ±0.02 mm/m (±4 arc seconds)
device designed to measure tilt in structures such as buildings, dams
Accuracy¹ ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
and embankments and also for measurements related to the stabil-
Sensor Output Digital
ity of slopes, open pits and the walls of excavations (e.g. slurry walls).
Shock Survival 2000 g
The sensing element is a highly accurate MEMS (Micro-Electro-
Temperature Range −40°C to +70°C
Mechanical Systems) tilt sensor, which communicates with the Model
Dimensions (L × W × H) 172 × 102 × 166 mm
FPC-2 Field PC Readout via Bluetooth.®
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 6160 MEMS Tilt Sensors Specifications

Range¹ ±15°
The Model 6160 MEMS Tilt Sensor is designed for attachment to struc-
Resolution ±0.02 mm/m (±4 arc seconds)
tures, on either a vertical or horizontal surface, and for the subsequent
Accuracy² ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
measurement of any tilting that may occur. The sensor comprises one
Sensor Output Analog (±4 V @ ±15°); Digital
(uniaxial) or two (biaxial) MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems)
Shock Survival 2000 g
sensors, with associated signal conditioning, packaged inside a water-
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
proof, stainless steel housing. Four versions are available: analog,
Dimensions (L × ø) 219 × 32 mm (sensor); 362 × 32 mm (sensor ³)
analog addressable, digital addressable and RS-485.
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
³ Addressable versions.

Model 6161 MEMS Tilt Sensors Specifications

Range¹ ±15°
The Model 6161 MEMS Tilt Sensor, like the 6160, is designed for attach-
Resolution ±0.02 mm/m (±4 arc seconds)
ment to structures, on either a vertical or horizontal surface to measure
Accuracy² ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
any tilting that may occur, but is packaged in a rugged epoxy-coated
Sensor Output Analog (±4 V @ ±15°); Digital
steel enclosure with a mounting plate. As with the 6160, four versions
Shock Survival 2000 g
are available (uniaxial or biaxial): analog, analog addressable, digital
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
addressable and RS-485. (Also see the Model 8003 (LC-3) Series MEMS
Dimensions (L × W × H) 122 × 81 × 61 mm (enclosure)
Dataloggers, page 17.)
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 6350 VW Tiltmeter Specifications

Range ±10°
The Model 6350 VW Tiltmeter is designed to measure tilt in structures
Resolution ±0.05 mm/m (±8 arc seconds)
such as buildings, dams and embankments and also for measure-
Accuracy¹ ±0.1% F.S.
ments related to the stability of slopes, open pits and the walls of
Temperature Range ² −20°C to +80°C
excavations (e.g. slurry walls). The tiltmeter is permanently attached
Dimensions (L × ø) 194 × 32 mm (transducer)
to the structure to be monitored and can make measurements on
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.
horizontal or vertical surfaces. Readings are taken with the Model
GK-404 / GK-405 Vibrating Wire Readout or continuously and remotely
with the 8600 Series or 8002 dataloggers.

Model 6165 MEMS Tilt Beam Specifications

Range¹ ±15°
The Model 6165 MEMS Tilt Beam is designed for attachment to struc-
Resolution ±0.02 mm/m (±4 arc seconds)
tures, on either a vertical or horizontal surface, for the measurement of
Accuracy² ±0.05 mm/m (±10 arc seconds)
any tilting or differential settlements that may occur. The Tilt Beams can
Sensor Output ±4 V @ ±15°
be coupled together in long horizontal strings to measure differential
Shock Survival 2000 g
settlement along embankments, railroad tracks, pipelines, tunnels, etc.,
Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
or they can be used in vertical strings to measure the horizontal defor-
Dimensions (L )¹ 1029 mm (Beam: standard, aluminum version)
mation of retaining walls, sheet piling, etc.
¹ Other ranges/lengths available on request.  |  ² Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.

Model 6850 Pendulum Readout Specifications

Range X: 0-50 mm, Y: 0-50 mm (2-D)
The Model 6850 is designed to make accurate measurements of the X: 0-50 mm, Y: 0-100 mm (2-D)
relative movements of normal and inverted pendulums, such as those X: 0-50 mm, Y: 0-100 mm, Z: 0-50 mm (3-D)
X: 0-50 mm, Y: 0-50 mm or 0-100 mm (2-D, Manual)
found in dams, and can be installed as a new system or as an electronic
Resolution 0.01 mm
upgrade for an existing system. The electronics package provides both
Accuracy better than 0.1 mm; 0.2 mm (2-D, Manual)
4-20 mA and EIA RS-485 data outputs. The data can be stored locally, or
Operating Temperature −15°C to +60°C; n/a (2-D, Manual)
remotely, with the 8600 Series Dataloggers, or other dataloggers, and
Dimensions (L × W × H) 380 × 330 × 145 mm, 425 × 375 × 190 mm (2-D)
thence by hard-wire or modem to a computer. Manual sighting/reading 425 × 375 × 190 mm (3-D)
tables with optical (LED) readout are available where automated systems 356 × 356 × 100 mm (2-D, Manual)
are not necessary, or where a manual reading back-up is required.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
15    Readouts

Model GK-404 Vibrating Wire Readout Specifications

Excitation Range 400 Hz to 6000 Hz, 5 volt Square Wave
The Model GK-404 Vibrating Wire Readout is a portable, low-power,
Resolution 0.1 digit, 0.1 Hz, 0.1 μs , 1 µε, 0.1°C
handheld unit that is capable of running for more than 20 hours con-
Timebase Accuracy ±50 ppm
tinuously on two AA batteries. It is designed for the readout of
Temperature Range −20°C to +50°C
all GEOKON vibrating wire gages and transducers, and is capable of
Dimensions (L × W × H) 120 × 65 × 22 mm
displaying the reading in either digits, frequency (Hz), period (µs) or
microstrain (µε). The GK-404 also displays the temperature of the
transducer (embedded thermistor) with a resolution of 0.1°C.

Model 404 Intrinsically Safe Vibrating Wire Readout Specifications

Excitation Range 400 Hz to 6000 Hz, 5 volt Square Wave
The Model 404, based on the GK-404 (above) and designed in coopera-
Resolution 0.1 digit, 0.1 Hz, 0.1 μs , 1 µε, 0.1°C
tion with GEL Instrumentation, is a portable, low-power, hand-held unit,
Timebase Accuracy ±50 ppm
capable of running for more than 6 hours continuously on a single charge.
Temperature Range −20°C to +40°C
The Model 404 is designed to read specific GEOKON vibrating wire sen-
Dimensions (L × W × H) 165 × 110 × 45 mm
sors in hazardous environments (IECEx ia, approval SIM 13.0014X) and is
approved only for designated GEOKON sensors, identified as Type 1, 2, 3
and 4. Six excitation positions (A-F) are provided, with a display resolu-
tion of 0.1 digit. The Model 404 is capable of displaying the reading in
either digits, frequency (Hz), period (μs) or microstrain (µε), and the trans-
ducer temperature (embedded thermistor) with a resolution of 0.1°C.

Model GK-405 Vibrating Wire Readout Specifications

Excitation Range 450 Hz to 6000 Hz, 5 Volt Square Wave
The Model GK-405 is designed for use with all of the GEOKON vibrating
Resolution 0.001 Hz
wire sensors, and their thermistors (when included) displaying the
Timebase Accuracy ±50 ppm
temperature directly in °C. It comprises a battery-powered readout unit,
Temperature Range −10°C to +50°C
which communicates, via Bluetooth,® to the FPC-2 Field PC running
Dimensions (L × W × H) 210 × 165 × 185 mm
the GK-405 application. All the readings can be stored and exported
to a number of different file formats and syncing to a host computer is
easily done. The GK-405 Readout is available with or without the FPC-2
Field PC because the Field PC, provided with the GEOKON GK-604
Inclinometer Readout, is compatible with both systems.

Model FPC-2 Field PC Specifications

Processor Texas Instruments 4470 dual-core @ 1.5 GHz
The Model FPC-2 Field PC is a rugged, handheld, easy-to-use instru-
Operating System Microsoft ® Windows ® Embedded Handheld 6.5.3
ment for reading Digital Inclinometer Probes and Tiltmeters (in the
Memory/Disk 1 GB RAM/4 GB iNAND Flash
GK-604D) and VW Sensors (in the GK-405). It’s a standalone device
Battery Li-ion, 3.7 V 5200 mAh (19.2 Wh)
for reading the Model 3810A Addressable Thermistor Strings and the (Warm-swappable) with smart gauge
Model 6101D MEMS Digital Tiltmeter. It can also be used to take com- Operating Temperature −30°C to 60°C, MIL-STD-810G, 501.5/502.5
pass bearings (with Inclinometer Probes) and to program and retrieve Procedure II and III
data from the Model 8002 (LC-2) Series Dataloggers using LogView Dimensions (L × W × H) 191 × 80 × 35 mm
Mobile software, a particularly useful option in harsh environments
that are too extreme for a typical laptop PC.

Model VWA Vibrating Wire Analyzer Specifications

Resolution 0.001 Hz RMS
The Campbell Scientific VWA is field ready and used to quickly mea-
Excitation 2 V, 5 V, 12 V (user selectable)
sure a sensor, save the data, and communicate the results with custom
Accuracy ±0.005% of reading
PDF reports and spreadsheet output. The VWA uses spectral-analy-
Battery Five AA (1.5 V)
sis technology (VSPECT™), which can be helpful for reading sensors in
Temperature Range −20°C to +70°C
electrically noisy environments. The large color display offers an easy-
Dimensions (L × W × H) 200 × 100 × 58 mm
to-view graphical presentation of the sensor output and operation, and
a Project File maintains Site/Sensor information for 40 unique sites
with up to 22 sensors per site. Site/Sensor locations are geolocated,
allowing the internal GPS to guide a user directly to a sensor location.

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 › ›
16    Readouts   Dataloggers

Model GK-502 Load Cell Readout Specifications

Range ±31250 digits
The Model GK-502 Load Cell Readout is designed to read the GEOKON
Resolution ±1 digit
Model 3000 4-wire and 6-wire full bridge electrical resistance strain
Accuracy ±0.05% F.S. (±30 digits)
gage type load cells. The readout incorporates a 12 Volt, 1.4 Ahr Sealed
Power Requirements 12 VDC @ 22 mA (operating); 12 VDC @ 16 mA (off)
Lead Acid battery, 16 × 2 graphic LCD with backlight, membrane keypad,
Operating Temperature −30°C to +50°C
and battery charger circuit. Two side-mounted Bendix® connectors are
Dimensions (L × W × H) 102 × 165 × 232 mm (enclosure)
provided for load cell and communications / battery charger connection.
The GK-502 displays the output in Digits, mV, mV/V, or in engineering
units (lbs, Kg, Kips, etc.) by entering a gage factor and zero reading.

Model RB-100 Linear Potentiometer Readout Specifications

Input Range 2, 4, 6 in
The Model RB-100 Linear Potentiometer Readout is designed to
Resolution¹ 0.001 in
read the range of GEOKON Model 1500 Linear Potentiometers. The
Accuracy ±0.1% F.S.
unit utilizes a high resolution, 4½ digital LCD digital voltmeter with
Temperature Range 0°C to +50°C
circuitry to power and read out the potentiometers. A three wire
Dimensions (L × W × H) 102 × 165 × 232 mm (enclosure)
ratio-metric system is used to minimize errors caused by long lead
¹ The RB-100 is available in English measure only.
lengths and varying temperatures. In use, a regulated voltage is
applied to the ends of the potentiometer resistance element and the
position of a wiper that rides along the element can be determined
by the voltage measured at this point.

Model RB-500 MEMS Readout Specifications

Range ±4.000 volts
The Model RB-500 MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems)
Display Range ±1.999 volts
Readout is designed to read the voltage output from the Model 6100
Resolution  1 mV
Series MEMS sensors. The RB-500 incorporates a 12 volt, 1.2 Ahr
Accuracy ±0.06% F.S.
lead acid battery, a 4½ digit liquid crystal display (LCD), a power on/
Power Requirements 12 VDC @ 50 mA
off switch and an A/B selector switch. The RB-500 supplies +12 V
Operating Temperature −30°C to +50°C
power to the MEMS sensor and displays the output in volts which is
Dimensions (L × W × H) 102 × 165 × 232 mm (enclosure)
proportional to the angle of inclination.

Model 4999 Terminal Box Specifications

Switching Current 0.25 A (typical), 4 A (maximum)
The Model 4999 Terminal Box allows instrument leads to be grouped
Contact Resistance 50 mΩ (maximum)
in one convenient location thereby saving time when readings have
Insulation Resistance > 10,000 mΩ
to be made on a number of instruments. Housed in a fiberglass enclo-
Switch Life > 25,000 cycles
sure, the Terminal Box provides a quick and easy means of taking
Enclosure NEMA 4X fiberglass
sensor readings. The Terminal Box can handle up to sixteen 4-conductor
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C
sensors (e.g. 16 vibrating wire gages with their thermistors) or thirty-
Dimensions (L × W × H)¹ 342 × 301 × 160 mm
two 2-conductor sensors (e.g. 32 vibrating wire gages). It's protected
¹ Does not include mounting feet. Other sizes and configurations available
from lightning damage by plasma surge arrestors and a suitable earth- (please contact GEOKON for details).
ground connection. (4 and 8 channel Terminal Boxes also available.)

Model 4999-12L/E LAB3 Surge Module Specifications

Breakdown Voltage 6 V, 16 V or 30 V nominal
The Model 4999-12L/E LAB3 Surge Protection Module is designed
Peak Current 10 kA (20 μs) maximum
to protect GEOKON transducers, dataloggers and power supplies
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C
from short duration, high voltage surges that may be induced in the
Dimensions (L × W × H) 160 × 74 × 76 mm
transducer or interconnecting cables. Protection is provided by cir-
cuitry including tripolar plasma surge arrestors, transient suppression
diodes and inductors.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 › ›
17    Dataloggers   Software

Model 8020-59 Vibrating Wire Frequency to Analog Converter Specifications

Power Requirements 12 V or 24 V
The Model 8020-59 Vibrating Wire (VW) Frequency to Analog 90 mA @ 12 V (operation), 10 µA (standby)
Converter provides a simple way to connect the GEOKON vibrating 75 mA @ 24 V (operation), 16.5 mA (standby)
wire transducers to data acquisition systems, which are not capable Operation Modes Single Channel, 16 VW sensors with thermistors,
or 32 VW sensors
of reading frequency signals nor able to generate the proper signals
Output (Analog) 0-5 V, 4-20 mA (non-isolated loop generator)
required to excite VW transducers. The converter can operate with
Resolution 16 bit
single transducers, as a stand-alone device, or with multiple transduc-
Accuracy ±0.1% F.S. (0-5 V), ±0.5% F.S. (4-20 mA)
ers in conjunction with the Model 8032 Multiplexer. The converter is
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C
powered using either a 12 V or 24 V supply.
Dimensions (L × W × H) 111 × 108 × 36 mm (with cover)

›
Model 4500CPR 8020 Series Autoresonant Vibrating Wire Sensors Specifications 4500CPR 8020-42 8020-42CPR
Input ±12 VDC at ±12 VDC at ±12 VDC at
Autoresonant Vibrating Wire Sensors expand the possibilities of 50 mA (max) 50 mA (max) 50 mA (max)
dynamic monitoring while retaining the inherent long-term stability of Output 4-20 mA; Frequency 4-20 mA;
the GEOKON line of vibrating wire instruments. GEOKON offers three Frequency¹ (−20 Hz Frequency
(−100 Hz dynamic range) (−20 Hz
types of autoresonant sensor: One uses a custom sensor and an elec- dynamic range) dynamic range)
tronic adaptor (Model 4500CPR), another uses the standard vibrating Temperature Range 0°C to +40°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C
wire sensor and one of two electronic adaptors (Model 8020-42/8020- ¹ Open collector output: requires external pull-up termination resistor.
42CPR) and the third type is a custom sensor with internal electronics
(see the Model 4500AR Autoresonant Piezometer, page 9).

Model 8002 (LC-2) Series Dataloggers Specifications

Measurement Accuracy ±0.05% F.S. (450-4000 Hz)
The Model 8002-1 LC-2(A) is a single-channel datalogger designed to
Measurement Resolution 1 part in 20,000
read both the vibrating wire element and the integral thermistor of any
Program Memory 24K FLASH
GEOKON vibrating wire sensor. The LC-2×4 is a self-contained version
Data Memory 320K EEPROM
of the LC-2, but provides 4 channels of vibrating wire (with thermistor).
Temperature Range −30°C to +50°C
The LC-2×16 is similar to the LC-2×4, but provides 16 channels of
Dimensions (L × W × H) 122 × 120 × 91 mm (LC-2(A))
vibrating wire (with thermistor). The dataloggers are housed inside 260 × 160 × 91 mm (LC-2×4)
Fiberglass NEMA 4X enclosures, suitable for operation in harsh 342 × 301 × 160 mm (LC-2×16)
environments. Power is provided via alkaline D cells or an optional
external 12 V source.

Model 8003 (LC-3) Series MEMS Dataloggers Specifications

Accuracy ±0.05% F.S.
The Model 8003 Series LC-3 MEMS Dataloggers are designed to read
Resolution 18 bit
MEMS sensors and their integral thermistors. The 8003A and 8003B
Storage Capacity (Arrays) 21,000
are standalone dataloggers to which external MEMS sensors are
Temperature Range −30°C to +50°C
connected via cables, while the 8003C and 8003D are dataloggers
Temperature Measurement 1.0% F.S. (accuracy); 0.1°C (resolution)
containing integral MEMS sensors. The Model 8003 Series LC-3
Scan Interval 5-86,400 seconds (24 hours)
MEMS Dataloggers are powered by three, easily accessible, alkaline
Dimensions (L × W × H) 122 × 120 × 81 mm (8003A/B)
D cells, or by an optional 12 V source. A solar panel and rechargeable 120 × 220 × 90 mm¹ (8003C/D)
batteries can also be used. ¹ Mounting Panel:  276 × 133 × 6 mm

›
Model 8001-3 LogView 8001-10 LogView Mobile Software System Requirements
Operating Systems Windows ® 7, Vista, XP Pro, XP (LogView)
LogView Software simplifies the task of configuration, communica- Windows ® Mobile 6.1 or greater (LogView Mobile)
tion, monitoring, data collection and data reduction using the Model .NET Frameworks Microsoft ® Compact Framework 3.5 (LogView Mobile)
8002-1/4/16 (LC-2) Series and Model 8003 (LC-3) Series Dataloggers. System Requirements Pentium® IV (or equivalent) running at 500 MHz;
The software is an easy-to-use, menu-based application, and includes (Minimum) 64 MB RAM; 20 MB Hard Disk¹ (LogView)
screens for configuration, connection, measurement and data collec- Storage Memory 10 MB free (minimum), 20 MB free (recommended)
(LogView Mobile)
tion, plus a real-time text-based monitor, graphical monitor and terminal
Program Memory 5 MB free (minimum), 10 MB free (recommended)
emulator. LogView Mobile performs most of the same functions as (LogView Mobile)
LogView but was designed to operate on a ruggedized, handheld PC. ¹ Space required for LogView software installation and log files only. Additional space is required
to accommodate data files.

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

 ›
18    Dataloggers

Model 8600 Series Dataloggers Specifications (Excitation Outputs)

Resolution 50 nV (±200 mV range, differential measurement,
The Model 8600 Series Dataloggers are designed around the Campbell input reversal, 5 Hz fN1) (analog);
Scientific, Inc. (CSI) Model CR6 Measurement and Control System. 0.001 Hz RMS (frequency)
Manufactured primarily for use with vibrating wire sensors and therm- Accuracy ±(0.04% of reading + 2 microvolts), 0-40°C (analog);
±0.013% of reading (vibrating wire)
istors, the Model 8600 Series can also be configured, at the GEOKON
Battery 12 V, 7 Ah Gel Cell (8600-1/2)
factory, to read MEMS sensors, Carlson type sensors, voltage type sen- 4 × D-cell (Li 8.5 Ah) (8600-3)
sors, 4-20 ma sensors, and numerous other specialty sensor types. The Temperature Range −40°C to +70°C
Model 8600-1 and 8600-2 Dataloggers are housed in a NEMA 4X fiber- Dimensions (L × W × H)¹ 392 × 352 × 161 mm (8600-1);
glass reinforced polyester enclosure and the Model 8600-3 Datalogger is 502 × 461 × 263 mm (8600-2);
please consult GEOKON (8600-3)
housed in a rugged, water-resistant PVC enclosure (other enclosures are
¹ Does not include mounting feet.
available), together with a battery pack (for unattended operation) and
an integral Spread Spectrum Radio (for wireless data transmission).

Model 8026 Wireless Datalogger Specifications (Excitation Outputs)

Range ±2.5 millivolts to ±5 volts (analog);
The Model 8026 is designed around the Campbell Scientific, Inc. Model DC to 200 kHz (frequency)
CR800 datalogger, specifically to read the line of GEOKON Vibrating Resolution 0.33 microvolts to 1333 microvolts (analog);
Wire sensors. The 8026 Datalogger is housed in a rugged, water-resis- ±35 nS/number of cycles measured (frequency)
tant enclosure (standard enclosure is PVC; optional stainless steel and Accuracy ±0.12% F.S. of reading, plus offset (analog);
±0.01% of reading, plus resolution (frequency)
waterproof enclosures available) together with a D cell lithium battery
Excitation Output ±2.5 V at 25 mA (maximum)
pack (for unattended operation) and a RF modem (for wireless data trans-
Battery 4 × D cell Lithium 8.5 Ah
mission). It has low power consumption, wide temperature range and is
Temperature Range −25°C to +50°C (−55°C to +80°C optional)
moisture resistant. It’s configured to read 6 sensors; either 6 VW or 3 VW
Dimensions (H × ø) 381 × 168 mm
plus 3 thermistors, or any combination thereof. A Spread Spectrum Radio
Modem and Antenna are typically installed with the 8026.

Model 8032 Multiplexer (MUX) Specifications

Switching Current 1 A (maximum)
The Model 8032 Multiplexer expands the number of channels that can
Contact Resistance 0.1 Ω (maximum)
be read by the 8600 Series Dataloggers or GK-404 / GK-405 Vibrating
Insulation Resistance > 1 GΩ
Wire Readout. The channels are protected against voltage surges with
Switch Life > 200,000 cycles
tripolar plasma surge arrestors and bipolar surge arrestors. Optional
Enclosure NEMA 4X fiberglass
manual switches may be connected to the terminal board that per-
Temperature Range −40°C to +60°C
mit easy access to each channel of the multiplexer for taking manual
Dimensions (L × W × H)¹ 342 × 301 × 160 mm
measurements with a portable readout in tandem with those taken
¹ Does not include mounting feet.
automatically with the datalogger.

Model 8040 Series Wireless Vibrating Wire Interface Specifications

Input Range 100 to 6500 Hz (vibrating wire);
The Model 8040 Series is designed to expand the data collection ±2500 mV (thermistor)
possibilities of the Model 8600 Series Dataloggers via wireless Resolution 0.001 Hz RMS (vibrating wire);
connectivity, which eliminates the need for running lengthy cables. 0.001 Ω RMS (thermistor)
Available for 2, 4 or 16 sensors (VW plus thermistor), the 8040 Series Accuracy ±0.013% of reading (vibrating wire);
±0.25% of reading (thermistor)
comprises Campbell Scientific’s AVW206 (or AVW216) spectrum ana-
Wireless Transmission Range up to 10 miles (when using a higher gain
lyzer (with built-in 900 Hz or 2.4 GHz radio transmitter), power supply directional antenna, under ideal conditions)
and antenna. It’s housed in a rugged NEMA 4X enclosure designed Battery 12 V, 7 Ah Gel Cell
for use in harsh environments with wide temperature tolerance, and Temperature Range −25°C to +50°C (−55°C to +80°C optional)
resistance to moisture and humidity. Dimensions (L × W × H) varies by model (please contact GEOKON)

Model 8020-30 Addressable Vibrating Wire Interface Specifications

Range 400 Hz to 5000 Hz
The Model 8020-30 Addressable Interface is designed to “daisy-chain”
Accuracy 0.005%
vibrating wire sensors on a single 4-conductor cable. It is particu-
Resolution better than 0.005 Hz
larly useful for reducing cable runs in multipoint systems, incremental
Sweep/Read Duration < 500 ms
extensometers, and for applications where many sensor cables might
Communication Modbus ® RTU over RS-485 @ 9600 baud
compromise a grout or cement bond. The system features state of the
Temperature Range −40°C to +70°C
art signal conditioning and digital addressing to provide a measuring
system comprising of up to 100 sensors. (Please contact GEOKON for
more information). Readout is achieved with the FPC-2 Field PC, 8600
Series Dataloggers or via a PC application.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 › ›
19    Dataloggers   Software

Model 8800 Series GeoNet Wireless Network Specifications

Measurement Accuracy ±0.025% F.S. (400-5000 Hz)
GeoNet is a low-power, wireless data acquisition network developed to
Radio Frequency, ISM Band 2.4 GHz
more efficiently collect data from many points. The system consists of a
Range (Outdoor, line-of-sight) 1600 m (North American); 750 m (International)
Network Supervisor (8800-2), which controls the network, and up to 100
Data Memory 32 MB
Single-Channel Sensor Nodes (8800-1). The system is compatible with
Storage Capacity >1.04 M Arrays
all GEOKON Vibrating Wire instruments. GeoNet is built on top of the
Power Supply D Cell Alkaline or Lithium (2×)
IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The network is self-healing and will reconfigure
Operating Temperature −40°C to +85°C
itself, if possible, to tolerate disturbances to the physical environment.
Dimensions (L × W × H) 122 × 120 × 91 mm
Up to 12 networks can coexist by setting each to a different operating
frequency (channel). A Cellular Modem option (8800-2-4A/B), mounted
in a rugged, RFI shielded fiberglass enclosure, is available for the
GeoNet Network Supervisor.

Model 8800 Series GeoNet Multiplexers Specifications

Supply Voltage (Nominal) 2.8 V - 3.6 V (3.3 V)
GeoNet Multiplexers expand the capacity of each Model 8800-1 Sensor
Quiescent Current (Typical) 50 µA
Node to 8 channels, thereby allowing clusters of closely spaced sensors
On-state Current (Typical) 10 mA (varies with temperature)
to be added to the system, or to add vibrating wire load cells (which
Switch Resistance (Max) 10 Ω added in series to each VW coil
contain between 3-6 sensors), multipoint borehole extensometers
Datalogger Cable 3m
(which contain between 3-8 sensors) or multilevel piezometers. Sensor
Dimensions (L × W × H) 260 × 160 × 91 mm (8800-8-1/3)
cables are connected to the multiplexer through cable glands (Model 360 × 160 × 91 mm (8800-8-2)
8800-8-1, 8800-8-3) or via 10-pin plugs (Model 8800-8-2). Multiplexers
are connected to the nodes via a 3 m interconnect cable (with 10-pin
plugs at each end) and are supplied with mounting brackets for attach-
ing to poles or backboards as required.

LoggerNet ® Datalogger Software System Requirements

Operating Systems Windows ® 7 (32 and 64 bit), Vista, XP
LoggerNet Datalogger Software supports programming, communi-
®

Minimum Requirements Windows ® XP running on an Intel® -based PC

cation, and data retrieval between the CSI based GEOKON dataloggers
and a PC. It includes tools for network setup, configuration, monitoring,
and backup; datalogger programming, maintenance, and data collec-
tion; and real-time or historical data display. It can support connections
to a single datalogger, or applications that require telecommunications
or scheduled data retrieval in large datalogger networks.

VDV Vista Data Visualization Software Hosting Service Configuration¹

Graph per sensor or per group of sensors
Vista Data Vision (VDV) is a hosted software package which organizes
Alarm for low battery voltage and for missing data collection
and displays data collected from almost any datalogger system includ-
Scaling of sensor readings
ing the GEOKON Model 8600 Series, Micro-1000, Micro-800 and LC-2
Missing data alarms (issued if there has been no data collection for a certain number of
Series Dataloggers for viewing over the Internet via all major web user specified intervals)
browsers. The software platform provides the user of a system com- Cumulative displacement graphs for In Place Inclinometers
prising one or more dataloggers with a customized sign-in page (with Real-Time Displays (RTD) showing latest data, per location with background image
corporate logos and text) which leads to an overview of all the data on Information Page for each datalogger, attached sensors and other pertinent info
a single web page configured with a map or a photograph (space per- Setup of (1 to 3) contacts who will receive sensor alarms (emails or SMS ²)
mitting) showing data boxes with latest values (including alarms). Users Add documents to the Clients project (5 docs max)
can view and display data from multiple sensors in graphical format Alarm thresholds
which makes it possible to identify max, min and average for any period 3 usernames and passwords for access to the web based data hosting service
of time. Data can also be viewed as a table and downloaded into a .txt ¹ Please contact GEOKON for further details and hosting packages.
file. Please contact GEOKON for further details and hosting packages. ² Please contact GEOKON for details regarding SMS.

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 ›
20    Stressmeters

Model 3200 Hydraulic Borehole Pressure Cells Specifications

Ranges¹ 20, 35, 75 MPa
The standard Borehole Pressure Cell (BPC) is used to measure rock
Resolution 0.25% of range (approximately)
stress changes and is designed to be grouted inside a borehole. The
Accuracy² ±0.25% F.S. (gage);
BPC is manufactured from two steel plates welded together around ±0.1% F.S. (transducer)
their periphery. The plates are deformed into a “dog bone” configura- Borehole Size 57 mm
tion so that they can be expanded easily without damage to the welds. Temperature Range¹ −20°C to +80°C
Hydraulic oil fills the space between the two plates and a high-pres- Dimensions (L × W × H) 210 × 51 × 6 mm
sure stainless steel tube connects the plates to a stainless steel ¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
pressure gage and/or a pressure transducer.

Model 4300 VW Borehole Stressmeters Specifications

Range in Compression 70 MPa
The Model 4300 VW Borehole Stressmeters are designed to mea-
Range in Tension 3 MPa
sure stress changes in rock and can be installed in boreholes up
Resolution¹ 14 to 70 kPa
to 100 feet deep. The Stressmeter consists of a high strength steel
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
proving ring wedged tightly across one diameter inside a borehole
Borehole Diameter 37 to 39 mm (4300EX)
and a vibrating wire tensioned across the other diameter inside the 58 to 61 mm (4300BX)
stressmeter. Changes in rock stress cause a related change in the res- 74 to 77 mm (4300NX)
onant frequency of vibration of the tensioned wire providing output ¹ Depends on rock modulus.  |  ² Other ranges available on request.

which is read by the Model GK-404 or  GK-405 Readouts.

Model 4350 VW Biaxial Stressmeter Specifications

Range 70 MPa
The Model 4350 VW Biaxial Stressmeter is designed to measure com-
Resolution¹ 14 to 70 kPa
pressive stress changes in rock, salt, concrete or ice. Three or six VW
Accuracy² ±0.1% F.S.
sensors oriented at 60° intervals allow the principal stress changes to
Temperature Range³ −20°C to +80°C
be measured in the plane perpendicular to the stressmeter axis. The
Borehole Diameter 60 mm (BX)
stressmeter consists of a high strength steel cylinder which is grouted
¹ Depends on rock modulus.  |  ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
(or frozen, in the case of ice) into a BX (60 mm) size borehole. ³ Other ranges available on request.

Model 4360 VW Soft Inclusion Stress Cells (SISC) Specifications

Range¹ ±35 MPa
The Model 4360 Vibrating Wire SISC is a larger version of the Model
Resolution¹ 35 kPa
4300 Borehole Stressmeters. The SISC is pre-loaded by wedging it
Accuracy² ±0.5% F.S.
into a large size diamond drill hole using an integral screw mecha-
Temperature Range³ −20°C to +80°C
nism or hydraulic piston and can be set to measure both tensile and/
Borehole Diameter ³ NX, PQ, HQ, 152 mm
or compression stress changes. It has been used successfully in 152
¹ Proportional to rock modulus; figures given are for E = 0.03 × 106 MPa.
mm diameter overcoring holes (drilled to measure in situ stresses) to ²Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
measure Aggregate/Alkali Reactions (AAR) in concrete dams. ³ Other ranges and diameters available on request.

Model 4370 Vibrating Wire Concrete Stressmeter Specifications

Range −3 MPa to +25 MPa
The Model 4370 Concrete Stressmeter comprises a short vibrating
Resolution 10 kPa
wire load cell in series with a longer cylinder of concrete, which has
Accuracy ¹ ±0.25% F.S.
the same properties as the surrounding concrete but is de-bonded
Temperature Range² −20°C to +80°C
from it by means of a plastic tube. It’s coupled at its ends to the sur-
Dimensions (L × ø) 600 × 76 mm; 66 mm (ID)
rounding concrete by means of two flanges. The vibrating wire load
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.  |  ²Other ranges available on request.
cell measures the load imposed on the inner concrete cylinder by
stresses in the surrounding concrete.

Model 5000 Borehole Deformation Gage Specifications

Borehole Diameter 38 mm EX-size diamond drill hole
The Model 5000 Borehole Deformation Gage is the proven USBM-style
Resolution 1.0 με
gage used to measure in situ rock stresses using the overcoring tech-
Minimum Overcore Depth 203 mm (25 mm with reverse case)
nique in rock that is competent and elastic. The measurement of in situ
Maximum Overcore Depth 15 m standard (60 m with extra cable)
stresses is important in the design of underground openings such as
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C
power houses, crushing stations, mines, tunnels and the like. It is also
Dimensions (L × ø) 267 × 35 mm
useful for determining the inherent stability of pit slopes, foundation
excavations, mine pillars and dam abutments.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
21    Fiber Optic

Model FP4000 Fiber Optic Strain Gage Specifications FP4000-1.0 FP4000-2.5 FP4000-5.0
Ranges −1000 to +1000 µε −2500 to +2500 µε −5000 to +5000 µε
The Model FP4000 Fiber Optic Strain Gages are designed for use in
Resolution 0.15 µε 0.30 µε 0.50 µε
environments where it may be difficult to use conventional types of
Gage Factor Accuracy ¹ ±3% F.S ±3% F.S ±10% F.S.
strain gages because of space considerations, high levels of electrical
Temperature Sensitivity 0.85 to 1.22 µε/°C 0.85 to 1.22 µε/°C 0.85 to 1.22 µε/°C
interference or where intrinsic safety is an issue. Measurements of
Transverse transverse strain transverse strain transverse strain
dynamic events are also possible with these gages and the requisite Strain Sensitivity insensitive insensitive insensitive
dataloggers. The strain gages have a very low coefficient of thermal Temperature −40°C −40°C −40°C
expansion and can be used to measure both mechanical and thermo- Operating Range to +80°C to +80°C to +80°C
mechanical strains in a variety of different materials. Dimensions (L × W × H) 100 × 25 × 1 mm 100 × 25 × 1 mm 100 × 25 × 1 mm
¹ The accuracy of the OSP sensors is determined by sample testing of controlled batches at the factory.
The manufacturing technique results in the spans shown above and is confirmed by actual
strain tests performed on samples from batch lots.

Model FP4700 Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor Specifications

Temperature Ranges¹ −40°C to +250°C
The Model FP4700 Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor is designed for
Resolution 0.1°C
use in environments where high levels of electrical interference exist
Accuracy ² ±1.0°C
or where intrinsic safety is an issue. The FP4700 uses the tempera-
Response Time 1.5 s typical
ture-dependent birefringence of a specially selected crystal as the
Operating Humidity Range 0-100%
temperature transduction mechanism. This crystal does not show
Dimensions (L × ø) 50 × 4.8 mm (sensor)
thermal creep or aging as with some other fiber optic sensors.
¹ The available operating range is dependent on cable type (contact GEOKON with temperature parameters).
² Total accuracy over the full range including both signal conditioner and sensor errors.
Higher accuracy available on request.

FP4911 Fiber Optic Rebar Strainmeter Specifications

Range −1000 to +1000 µε
The Model FP4911 Fiber Optic Rebar Strainmeter is designed for
Resolution 0.15 µε
measuring strains in foundations, slurry walls, precast piles, caissons,
Accuracy ±0.25% F.S.
bridge abutments, tunnel liners, etc. The standard Model FP4911
Nonlinearity < 0.5% F.S.
(#4 rebar), known as the “Sister Bar,” is installed alongside structural
Temperature Sensitivity 0.85 to 1.22 µε/°C
rebar. The Fibre Optic element employed in this sensor makes it par-
Temperature Operating Range¹ −40°C to +80°C
ticularly suitable where dynamic measurements are to be made and/
Rebar Size 4 (Sister Bar)
or on projects where other fiber optic sensors are deployed.
Active Gage Length 914 mm
¹ Other ranges available on request.

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 › ›
22   Temperature   Miscellaneous

Model 2100 Nold DeAerator™ Specifications

Standard Capacity 8 liter
De-aired water or antifreeze solutions are an essential ingredient of any
Power Supply 120 V 60 Hz or 240 V 50 Hz
hydraulic piezometer or settlement system where the formation of air
Power Consumption 14 watts
bubbles in the fluid-filled tubing must be prevented. The Nold DeAerator
Vacuum Requirements 750 mm Hg (12 Torr) or better
removes dissolved gases from fluids at a much faster rate than conven-
Degassing Purity 0.6 ppm
tional heating/boiling methods. The Model 2100 consists of a holding
Dimensions (L × W × H) 190 × 190 × 600 mm
tank, which can be evacuated using either a vacuum pump or a water-
powered aspirator. Water (or antifreeze solution) is drawn into the tank
and agitated violently by a rotating impeller, causing cavitation, nucle-
ation and rapid expulsion of dissolved gasses. The Nold DeAerator can
also be used with other fluids to remove dissolved gasses.

Model 3400 Semiconductor Piezometers / Pressure Transducers Specifications

Ranges 100, 250, 400, 600 kPa; 1, 2.5, 6 MPa
The Model 3400 Semiconductor Piezometers and Pressure Transducers
Over Range 2 × rated pressure
are intended for dynamic measurements of fluid and/or pore water
Output 10 mV/v, 4-20 mA, 0-5 V
pressures in standpipes, boreholes, embankments, pipelines, pressure
Accuracy ±0.25% F.S. or better
vessels, reservoirs, etc. They are also used for static pressure move-
Linearity < 0.5% F.S.
ment where the readout system is incompatible with vibrating wire
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C
type transducers. Three transducer output options are available.
Dimensions (L × ø) 194 × 32 mm

Model 3800 Thermistor Probes Specifications 3800-1/2 3800HT

Range¹ −20°C to +80°C −30°C to +230°C
The Model 3800 Thermistor Probe consists of an interchangeable therm-
Resolution 0.1°C 0.1°C
istor bead mounted inside a rugged PVC (Model 3800-1) or stainless
Accuracy ² ±0.5°C; ±0.2°C ±0.5°C
steel (Model 3800-2, 3800HT) housing. They are used for remote readings,
Dimensions (L × ø) 50 × 12 mm (probe) 108 × 19 mm (probe)
such as measuring hydration and cooling temperatures in placement of
¹Other ranges available on request.  |  ²Accuracy of ±0.5°C for Models 3800-1-1 and 3800-2-1;
mass concrete. The 3800HT is for temperatures of up to 230°C. ±0.2°C for Models 3800-1-2 and 3800-2-2.

Model 3810 Thermistor Strings Specifications 3810-1 3810-2

Range¹ −20°C to +80°C −20°C to +80°C
The Model 3810 Thermistor String comprises a number of individual
Resolution 0.1°C 0.1°C
3800 sensors mounted in rugged, multi-conductor cables for multiple
Accuracy ² ±0.5°C ±0.2°C
temperature measurements in a single borehole. Thermistor strings are
Dimensions (L × ø) 45 × 16 mm (sensor) 64 × 22 mm (sensor)
manufactured according to customer requirements for overall length,
¹ Other ranges available on request.  |  ² Stated accuracy is for the thermistor sensor only, between 0°C and
number of sensors and accuracy. 70°C. The cable used to connect the thermistor to the readout adds resistance and measurement error.

Model 3810A Addressable Thermistor Strings Specifications

Range −40°C to +70°C
The Model 3810A Addressable Thermistor String is a variation of the
Resolution (Non-Linear) < 0.01°C
Model 3810 Thermistor String, which uses addressable thermistor
Accuracy  ±0.605°C (−40° to −20°C); ±0.303°C (−20° to −10°C);
sensors installed on a 2-pair cable. This configuration allows up to ±0.102°C (−10° to 0°C); ±0.052°C (0° to 50°C);
256 sensors to be installed on a single, 6 mm diameter cable up to ±0.403°C (+50° to +70°C)
2000 m in length. Dimensions (L × ø) 56 × 16 mm (sensor)

Model 4700 VW Temperature Gage Specifications

Range 100°C (−20°C to +80°C)
The Model 4700 VW Temperature Gage consists of a stainless steel
Optional Range 200°C (−200°C to 0°C or 0°C to +200°C)
transducer body to which a vibrating wire element is attached. As the
Resolution 0.034°C
thermal coefficients of expansion of the body and wire are different,
Accuracy ¹ ±0.5% F.S.
a simple, yet sensitive, temperature measuring device can be con-
Dimensions (L × ø) 127 × 19 mm
structed. These gages are ideally suited for use in projects that require
¹Transducer accuracy established under laboratory conditions.
datalogging and where other types of VW transducers are in use.

Cables Specifications
Conductors 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24
GEOKON cables are waterproof, have good electrical properties and can
Conductor Insulation High Density Polypropylene, 8 and 10 mil;
be buried in soil or embedded in concrete. Cable construction consists of Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene, 10 mil
one or more shielded pairs with individual drain wires for electrical noise Shielding Aluminum polyester with drain wire,
protection. Cable jackets include PVC for standard applications, Teflon® 24 AWG tinned copper
for use at high temperatures and Polyurethane, for use where extra Jackets¹ Extruded PVC standard, Teflon,® Polyurethane,
Polyethylene and Armored Polyethylene
abrasion resistance is required. Armored cables, for use in earth dams,
Temperature Range −20°C to +80°C; −80°C to +200°C (Teflon ®)
and cables with straining wires and integral vent tubes are available.
¹ Other cable jackets are available for special applications.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 ›
23   Applications   Piles ›

Pile Testing Instrumentation

1 Displacement Transducers  |  05

2 Load Cells  |  11

3 Multi-Channel Dataloggers  |  18

4 Strain Gages  |  04

5 Retrievable Extensometers  |  06

6 In-Place Inclinometers  |  13
1
7 Sister Bars  |  04
3
8 Telltales | 07

6
4

5
7

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 › › ›
24   Applications    Concrete Dams    Earth Dams

Concrete Dam Instrumentation

1 In-Place Inclinometers  |  13
6
2 Extensometers | 06-07

3 Pendulums | 14 1 7

4 Multi-Channel Dataloggers  |  18
8
5 Piezometers | 08-09

6 Load Cells  |  11

7 Tiltmeters | 14

8 Crackmeters | 05

9 Embedment Jointmeters  |  05

10 Temperature Gages  |  22 9

11 Embedment Strain Gages  |  04 10

3 4 11
12 Earth Pressure Cells  |  11

12

Earth Dam Instrumentation

1 Soil Strainmeters  |  05

2 Settlement Sensors  |  10

3 Heavy Duty Piezometers  |  08

4 Temperature Gages  |  22

5 Earth Pressure Cells  |  11

6 Piezometers | 08-09 1
9
7 In-Place Inclinometers  |  13
2
8 Inclinometer Probes  |  12
10 11
9 Readouts | 15-16

10 Multiplexers | 18 3 12

11 Multi-Channel Dataloggers  |  18 7
4 8
12 Weir Monitors  |  09

GEOKON, INCORPORATED…
 › ›
25   Applications   Excavations   Tunnels›

Deep Excavation Instrumentation

1 Single-Channel Dataloggers  |  17

2 Piezometers | 08-09 7

3 In-Place Inclinometers  |  13

4 Load Cells  |  11
8
5 Strain Gages  |  04

6 Extensometers | 06-07

7 Tiltmeters | 14 9

8 Crackmeters | 05

9 Multi-Channel Dataloggers  |  18 1 4
10 Inclinometer Probes  |  12

11 Jackout Pressure Cells  |  11 5

12 Sister Bars  |  04 11

6 4

5
5

12

10
3 5

Tunnelling Instrumentation

1 Single-Channel Dataloggers  |  17
7
2 Piezometers | 08-09

3 Extensometers | 06-07

4 Load Cells  |  11 8

5 NATM Pressure Cells  |  11

6 Strain Gages  |  04
9
7 Tiltmeters | 14

8 Crackmeters | 05

9 Multi-Channel Dataloggers  |  18 1

10 In-Place Inclinometers  |  13
3
11 Tape Extensometers  |  07
3 3
12 Convergence Meters  |  05
4

5
12

11
6
10

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™

Notes

The GEOKON  ® logo and word mark are registered trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Microsoft and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United
The Bluetooth ® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of States and/or other countries.
such marks by GEOKON is under license. Modbus is a registered trademark of SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC USA, INC.
Teflon ® is a registered trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates. Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners.

GEOKON, INCORPORATED
The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology ™
 GEOKON, INCORPORATED phone: 1 • 603 • 448 • 1562 GEOKON, INCORPORATED
48 Spencer Street fax: 1 • 603 • 448 • 3216 is an ISO 9001:2008
Lebanon, New Hampshire email: [email protected] registered company
03766 • USA web: www.geokon.com

GEOKON, INCORPORATED maintains an ongoing policy of design review and reserves the right to amend products and specifications without notice. | ©2017, GEOKON, INCORPORATED. All Rights Reserved. Doc. Rev. J.4 | 01.17 | [2M 01.17–01]