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Derivation 01

The document describes a blending tank operating at steady state with constant inlet flow rates and concentrations. It provides information about the tank dimensions and flow rates to answer questions about: 1) The outlet flow rate (w3) and discharge coefficient (Cv) under steady state conditions 2) The effect of changing the inlet concentration (x1) on the outlet concentration (x3) 3) The effect of changing the inlet flow rate (w1) on the liquid level (h) in the tank It asks whether the answers would differ if the concentrations changed along with the flow rate.

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178 views2 pages

Derivation 01

The document describes a blending tank operating at steady state with constant inlet flow rates and concentrations. It provides information about the tank dimensions and flow rates to answer questions about: 1) The outlet flow rate (w3) and discharge coefficient (Cv) under steady state conditions 2) The effect of changing the inlet concentration (x1) on the outlet concentration (x3) 3) The effect of changing the inlet flow rate (w1) on the liquid level (h) in the tank It asks whether the answers would differ if the concentrations changed along with the flow rate.

Uploaded by

mbmonville
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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14 Consider a blending tank that has the same

dimensions and nominal flow rates as the


storage tank in Exercise 2.13 but incorporates a
valve on the outflow line that is used to establish 5 Write appropriate conservation equations (mass,
flow rate w3. (For this exercise, there is no leak in component, energy, and so forth).
the tank as in Exercise 2.13). In addition, the
nominal inlet stream mass fractions of Overall Mass Balance:
component A are x1 = x2 = 0.5.
The process has been operating for a long time 𝑑(𝜌𝑉) 𝑑ℎ
= 𝐴𝜌 = 𝑤1 + 𝑤2 + 𝑤3
with constant flow rates and inlet 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
concentrations. Under these conditions, it has
come to steady state with exit mass fraction x =
0.5 and level h= 1.75m. Using the information Component Mass Balance:
below, answer the following questions:
(a) What is the value of w3? The constant, Cv?
(b) If x1 is suddenly changed from 0.5 to 0.6
without changing the inlet flow rates (of course,
x2 must change as well), what is the final value of
x3? How long does it take to come within 1% of
this final value?
(c)If w1 is changed from 120 kg/min to 100 kg/min
without changing the inlet concentrations, what
will be the final value of the tank level? How long
will it take to come within 1% of this final value?
(d) Would it have made any difference in part (c)
if the concentrations had changed at the same
time the flow rate was changed?
Useful information: The tank is perfectly stirred
w3 = Cv √ h
1 State the modeling objectives and the end use of
the model. They determine the required levels of
model detail and model accuracy.

To know if the changing of flow rates together with


the concentrations would make a difference.

2 Draw a schematic diagram of the process and 6 Introduce equilibrium relations and other
label all process variables. algebraic equations (from thermodynamics,
transport phenomena, chemical kinetics,
equipment geometry, etc.).

3 List all of the assumptions that are involved in


developing the model. Try for parsimony; the
model should be no more complicated than
necessary to meet the modeling objectives.

1. There is no leak in the tank.


2. x1 and x2 are equal.
3. The tank is perfectly stirred.

4 Determine whether spatial variations of process


variables are important. If so, a partial
differential equation model will be required.
SN GN MI _________________________________

Quiz No 1 Development of Dynamic Model of Chemical


Processes

7 Perform a degrees of freedom analysis (Section


2.3) to ensure that the model equations can be
solved.
1.List all quantities in the model that are known
constants (or parameters that can be specified) on
the basis of equipment dimensions, known physical
properties, etc.

2.Determine the number of equations NE and the


number of process variables, NV. Note that time t is
not considered to be a process variable because it is
neither a process input nor a process output.

3.Calculate the number of degrees of freedom, NF =


NV - NE

4.Identify the NE output variables that will be


obtained by solving the process model.

5.Identify the NF input variables that must be


specified as either disturbance variables or
manipulated variables, in order to utilize the NF
degrees of freedom.

8 Simplify the model. It is often possible to


arrange the equations so that the dependent
variables (outputs) appear on the left side and
the independent variables (inputs) appear on the
right side. This model form is convenient for
computer simulation and subsequent analysis.

9 Classify inputs as disturbance variables or as


manipulated variables.

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