18.

10
A drier must remove 200 kg of H2O per hour from a certain material. Air at 22oC and 50%
relative humidity enters the drier and leaves at 72oC and 80% relative humidity. What is the
weight (in kg) of bone dry air used per hour ? the barometer reads 103,0 kPa

72oC
3. Air
RH = 80%

200
Air 1. 2. kgmol H2O
18
22oC
RH = 50%

Pbar = 103,0 kPa

Diketahui :
𝑘𝑔
 ṁout H2O = 200 ℎ

 Tair in(masuk) = 22oC

 % RH air in = 50 %
 Tair out = 72oC
 % RH air out = 80 %
Ditanya : ṁ dry air/hour ?
Jawab :

ToC P*(kPa)
22oC 2,642
72oC 33,96

𝑘𝑔
ṁ 200 𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
ℎ
ṅ2 = 𝐵𝑀 = 𝑘𝑔 = 11,1111
18 ℎ
𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑃 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑃 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟
RH1 = 𝑃∗𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟 RH1 = 𝑃∗𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟
 𝑃 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑃 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟
0,5 = 2,642 𝑘𝑃𝑎 0,8 = 33,96 𝑘𝑃𝑎

P vapor = 1,310 kPa P vapor = 37,1690 kPa

Ptotal in = P air in + P H2O in

P air in = (103 - 1,3210) kPa
= 101,679 kPa
Ptotal out = P air out + P H2O out
P air out = (101,679 - 27,3168) kPa
= 14,511 kPa
 ṅ1 + ṅ2 = ṅ3 (H2O)

ṅ1 x y1 H2O + ṅ2 x y2H2O = ṅ3 x y3 H2O

1,3210 𝑘𝑃𝑎 27,1680 𝑘𝑃𝑎
ṅ1 x + 11,1111 x 1 = ṅ3 x
103,0 𝑘𝑃𝑎 103,0 𝑘𝑃𝑎

0,0128 ṅ3 + 11,111 = 0,2544 ṅ3

0,0128 ṅ3 – 0,2544 ṅ3 + 11,111 = 0

 ṅ1 + ṅ2 = ṅ3 (air)

ṅ1 x y1 air + ṅ2 x y2air = ṅ3 x y3 H2O

101,679 𝑘𝑃𝑎 74,511 𝑘𝑃𝑎
ṅ1 x +0 = ṅ3 x
103,0 𝑘𝑃𝑎 103,0 𝑘𝑃𝑎

0, 9872 ṅ1 = 0,7234 ṅ3

ṅ1 = 0,7328 ṅ3

 (0, 9872 x 0,7328 ṅ3) – 0,2544 ṅ3 = -11,1111

-0,2450 ṅ3 = -11,1111
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
ṅ3 = 45,3514
ℎ
 ṅ1 = 0,7328 ṅ3
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,7328 x 45,3514 ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 33,2335 ℎ

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑘𝑔
ṁ dry air yang digunakan = 33,2335 x 29 𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
ℎ

𝑘𝑔
= 963,7715 ℎ
18.11
One thousand kg (1 metric ton) of a slurry containing 10% by weight of CaCO3 are to be filtered
in a rotary vacuum filter. The filter cake from the filter contains 60% water. This cake is then
placed into a drier and dried to moisture content of 9,09 kg H2O/ 100 kg CaCO3. If the humidity
of the entering the drier is 0,015 kg of water per kg of dry air and the humidity of the air leaving
the drier is 0,015 kg of water per kg of dry air, calculate :
a. the kg of water removed by the filter
b. the kg of wet air entering the drier

Udara

H = 0, 015𝑘𝑔H2O
𝑘𝑔 𝑈𝐾

feed = 1000 kg Rotary 60 % H2O

dryer
filter
10% CaCO3 40% CaCO3
90 % H2O
H2O Udara

H = 0, 005 𝑘𝑔H2O
𝑘𝑔 𝑈𝐾

Ditanya : a. H2O yang keluar filter (kg)?

b. Udara basah masuk drier (kg)?

Jawab :

 Filter
- Feed = 1000 kg
- CaCO3 = 0,1 x 1000 kg = 100 kg
- H2O = 0,9 x 1000 kg = 900 kg
a. H2O keluar filter = 900 kg – 150 kg = 750 kg
 Drier
CaCO3 in = 100 kg
H2O in = 150 kg
H2O out = 9,09 kg
 H feed masuk drier = H keluar drier – H masuk drier
𝑘𝑔 𝐻2𝑂 𝑘𝑔 𝐻2𝑂
= 0,015𝑘𝑔 𝑈−𝐾
– 0,005𝑘𝑔 𝑈−𝐾
𝑘𝑔 𝐻2𝑂
= 0,01𝑘𝑔 𝑈−𝐾
 H2O pada udara masuk
0,01 kg H2O/kg U−K (150−9,09)𝑘𝑔
=
0,005 kg H2O/kg U−K 𝑥
x = 70,4550 kg

b. Udara basah yang masuk drier = H2O + u-k

= 0,005 + 1
= 1,005
1,005
x 70,41550 kg = 14161,4550 kg
0,005

18.18
1000 ft3 of air, saturated with H2O, at 30oC and 740 mmHg, are cooled to a lower temperature
and one-half of the H2O is condensed out. Calculate :
a. How many pounds of H2O are condensed out
b. The volume of dry air at 30oC and 740 mmHg

Diketahui :
 V = 1000 ft3
 T = 30oC + 273,15 = 303,15 K x 1,8
= 545,67 oR
P H2O dalam 30oC = 4,341 kPa 1 inHg = 1,2524 inHg
3,3864 mmHg

Pout air = 740 mmHg 1 inHg = 29,1339 inHg

25,4 mmHg
 Pu-k = P H2O – P* H2O

= 29,1339 inHg- 1,2524 inHg

= 27,8815 inHg

Ditanya : a. massa H2O yang terkondensasi ?

b. Volume udara kering pada 30oC dan 740 mmHg

Jawab :

a. PV = nRT
𝑚
PV = 𝑀𝑟 RT

𝑚 𝑖𝑛𝐻𝑔ft3
1,2524 inHg x 1000 ft3 = 𝑙𝑏 x 21,9 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 oR x 545,67 oR
18
𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑖𝑛𝐻𝑔ft3
1252,4 inHg ft3 = 663,8985 m 𝑙𝑏

m = 1,8864 lb
dikarenakan H2O yang terkondensasi hanya setemgah ,maka m= 0,9432 lb H2O

b. P dry air = 27,8815 inHg

Pout air = 29,1339 inHg

Vout air = 1000 ft3

= 29,1339 ft3

V = 27,8815 inHg
1000ft3 x 27,8814 inHg
V = 29,1339 𝑖𝑛𝐻𝑔

= 957,0123 ft3

18.24
A wet sewage sludge contains 50% by weight of water. A centrifuging step removes water at a
rate of 100 lb/hr. the sludge is dried further by air. Use the data in figure P18.24 to determine
how much moist air (in cubic feet per hour) is required for the process shown.

P* H2O = 0,3629 psia = 18,7674 mmHg

 𝑃𝐻2𝑂
RH = 𝑝∗𝐻2𝑂

PH2O = 0,5 x 18,7674 mmHg

= 9,3837 mmHg
Massa air pada dried sludge = 0,1 x 200
= 20 lb
Massa H2O = 100 lb – 20 lb = 80 lb
𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑠
Molal humidity = 𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙−𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑠
9,3837 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
= (760−9,3837)𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔

= 0,0125
80 𝑙𝑏
n H2O = 18 𝑙𝑏/𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙

= 4,4444 lb mol
𝑛 𝐻2𝑂
Molal Humidity = 𝑛 𝑈−𝐾

4,4444 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙
0,0125 = 𝑛 𝑈−𝐾

n U-K = 355,5520 lb mol

100⁰F x

94⁰F 750 mmHg

70⁰F 760 mmHg

100−94 𝑥−750
=
100−70 𝑥−760

6x - 4560 = 30x – 22500

24x = 17940

x = 747,5 mmHg
1 𝑝𝑠𝑖
747,5 mmHg x 51,715 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 = 14,4542 psi

100⁰F = 559,67⁰R
Volume air lembab

PV=nRT.

𝑓𝑡 3 𝑝𝑠𝑖
14,4542 psi x V = 355,5520 lbmol x 10,73 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑅 x 559,67⁰R

V = 147706,2096 ft3