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One Sample Z

1. The document discusses one sample z-tests, which test whether a sample mean is significantly different than a hypothesized population mean. 2. It provides examples of null and alternative hypotheses, test statistics, critical regions, and calculations. 3. An example tests if a new medication affected IQ scores, finding the sample mean was significantly higher than the population mean, so the null hypothesis that the medication had no effect was rejected.

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Marven Laude
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208 views4 pages

One Sample Z

1. The document discusses one sample z-tests, which test whether a sample mean is significantly different than a hypothesized population mean. 2. It provides examples of null and alternative hypotheses, test statistics, critical regions, and calculations. 3. An example tests if a new medication affected IQ scores, finding the sample mean was significantly higher than the population mean, so the null hypothesis that the medication had no effect was rejected.

Uploaded by

Marven Laude
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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One Sample Z-test

A one-sample z-test is used to test an alternative hypothesis against a null


hypothesis. Z-test is any statistical hypothesis, used to determine whether two
samples’ mean are different when variances are known and sample is large(𝑛 ≥ 30).
It is comparison of the two means independent groups of samples
Define Hypothesis:
This table below shows three sets of null and alternative hypothesis. Each
makes a statement mean 𝜇 is related to some hypothesized value 𝑀. (In the table, the
symbol ≠ means “not equal to”.)
Set Null Hypothesis Alternative Number of Tails
Hypothesis
1 𝜇=𝑀 𝜇≠𝑀 2
2 𝜇≥𝑀 𝜇>𝑀 1
3 𝜇≤𝑀 𝜇<𝑀 1

Formula to find the Z (z-test) is:


𝑥̅ − 𝜇0
𝑍= 𝛼
⁄ 𝑛
√
𝑥̅ = mean of sample
𝜇 = mean of population
𝛼 = standard deviation of population
𝑛 = no. of observations

Definition of One Sample Z-test


Tests whether the sample is significantly different than a population mean
when the standard deviation of the population is known.
7 steps of One Sample Z-test:
1. Define the Null and Alternative Hypothesis
2. State Alpha
3. Critical Region
4. Test-Statistic
5. Computation
6. Decision
7. Conclusion
Example 1:
In the population, the average IQ is 100 with a standard deviation of 15. A team
of scientists wants to test a new medication to see if it has either positive or negative
effect on intelligence or no effect at all. Sample of 30 participants who have taken the
medication has a mean of 140. Did the medication affect intelligence?
Solution:
1. 𝐻𝑜: 𝜇 = 100
𝐻𝑎: 𝜇 ≠ 100

2. 𝛼 = 0.05

3. Critical Region:
Reject 𝐻𝑜 if 𝑧 < −1.96, 𝑧 > 1.96

4. Test-Statistic:
One Sample Z-test

5. Computation:
𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑍=𝛼
⁄ 𝑛
√
140 − 100
=
15
√30
40
=
2.7386
= 14.6060
6. Decision:
Reject 𝐻𝑜 since 14.6060 > 1.96

7. Conclusion:
Therefore, medication significantly affected intelligence.
Example 2:
A principal at a certain school claims that the students are above average
intelligence. A random sample of thirty students IQ scores have a mean score of 112.
Is there sufficient evidence to support the principal’s claim? The mean population IQ
is 100 with a standard deviation of 15. IQ scores are normally distributed.
Solution:
1. 𝐻𝑜: 𝜇 = 12,800
𝐻𝑎: 𝜇 > 12,800

2. 𝛼 = 0.05

3. Critical Region:
Reject 𝐻𝑜 if 𝑧 < −1.645, 𝑧 > 1.645

4. Test-Statistic:
One Sample Z-test

5. Computation:
𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑍=𝛼
⁄ 𝑛
√
112 − 100
=
15
√30
12
=
2.7386
= 4.3818
6. Decision:
Reject 𝐻𝑜 since 4.3818 > 1.96

7. Conclusion:
Therefore, there is sufficient evidence to support the principal’s claim.
Exercise 1:
According to the Department of Education, fulltime graduate students
received an average salary of 12,800 pesos. The dean of graduate students at a large
state university in PA claims that his graduate students earn more than this. He
surveys 46 randomly selected students and finds their average salary is 13,445 pesos
with a standard deviation of 1,800 pesos. With 𝛼 = 0.05, is the dean’s claim correct?

Exercise 2:
A rental car company claims that mean time to rent a car on their website is
60 seconds with a standard deviation of 30 seconds. A random sample of 36
customers attempted to rent a car on the website. The mean time to rent was 75
seconds. Is this enough evidence to contradict the company’s claim?

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