This document summarizes several species of coccidia parasites including Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Sarcocystis, Cyclospora, Toxoplasma, Pneumocystis, and Microsporidia. For each species, it describes the morphology of the parasite, its typical habitat, the diseases it causes, how it is transmitted, typical symptoms, methods for laboratory diagnosis, and treatments.
This document summarizes several species of coccidia parasites including Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Sarcocystis, Cyclospora, Toxoplasma, Pneumocystis, and Microsporidia. For each species, it describes the morphology of the parasite, its typical habitat, the diseases it causes, how it is transmitted, typical symptoms, methods for laboratory diagnosis, and treatments.
This document summarizes several species of coccidia parasites including Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Sarcocystis, Cyclospora, Toxoplasma, Pneumocystis, and Microsporidia. For each species, it describes the morphology of the parasite, its typical habitat, the diseases it causes, how it is transmitted, typical symptoms, methods for laboratory diagnosis, and treatments.
This document summarizes several species of coccidia parasites including Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Sarcocystis, Cyclospora, Toxoplasma, Pneumocystis, and Microsporidia. For each species, it describes the morphology of the parasite, its typical habitat, the diseases it causes, how it is transmitted, typical symptoms, methods for laboratory diagnosis, and treatments.
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COCCIDIA
SPECIES MORPHOLOGY HABITAT DISEASE MOT PATHOGENESIS AND LABORATORY TREATMENT
SYMPTOMATOLOGY DIAGNOSIS Cryptosporidium Oocyst : round/slightly Direct fecal examination Acute self-limiting diarrhea of 1-2 oval Microscopy – Modified C. garnhami Fecal-oral route weeks duration; abdominal pain, 4 spindle shaped Intestines Cryptosporidiosis Ziehl Neelsen Staining None (Self-limiting) C. parvum (waterborne) anorexia and weakness; atrophy of sporozoites Sucrose-floatation villous technique Isospora Oocyst : elongate ovoidal “bottle with short neck” appearance; Formalin-ether Smooth, thin, colorless Isosporosis / Fecally contaminated Mucosal atrophy; chronic diarrhea, technique : oocyst in Sulfadiazine + I. belli cystic wall with 2 layers Ileum , cecum intestinal food and drink with abdominal discomfort, low grade feces Pyrimethamine Mature oocyst : 2 coccidiosis oocyst fever Modified Ziehl Neelsen sporocyst with 4 Staining of fecal smear crescent shaped sporozoites Sarcocystis Oocyst : broadly oval / fusiform body with pointed ends lying along Ingestion of uncooked Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, Oocyst in duodenal S. hominis Tissue infection: none infected muscle fiber meat or contaminated abdominal pain occurring 1-2 days aspirate S. suihominis Intestine Sarcocystosis Intestinal: Trimetoprim + 2 large sporocyst inside food and drink containing after ingestion that may last for 2 Meischer tube in small S. lindemani Sulfamethoxazole Meischer tube with 4 infected sarcocyst weeks intestine tissue biopsy cresent-shaped sporozoites Cyclospora Oocyst : spherical shaped containing membrane bound refractile globules Self-limiting persistent diarrhea that Stool-examination Drinking contaminated Trimetoprim + C. cayetanensis Mature oocyst : 2 Jejenum Cyclosporiasis tend to recur in a relapsing pattern demonstrating spherical water (fecal-oral route) Sulfamethoxazole sporocyst with 2 cresent- lasting for 3-4 weeks shaped body of oocyst shaped sporozoite that fluoresce blue-green under UV light Toxoplasma Trophozite Ingestion of poorly Asymptomatic - ovoid, cresent/banana cooked meat Self-limiting shape Accidental ingested of Congenital toxoplasmosis: Biopsy from lymph - (A) pointed, (P) sporulated oocyst from - Maculo papular rashed nodes and liver rounded soil/ contaminated foods - lymphadenopathy Serology Pyrimethamine / T. gondii Toxoplasmosis - spindle like cytoplasm Droplet from intranasal - hepato splenomegaly - Sabin-Feldman dye test Trisulfapyrimedine -intracellular: shorter secretion -jaundice (gold standard for more blunt, spherical Drinking contaminate -thrombocytopenia serological diagnosis) Oocyst 2 sporocyst with water Consolidation and granuloma 4 sporozoite Transplacental route formation seen at center of lesion Pneumocystis Lungs : inflamed, enlarged, Sporocyst : oval or distended Interstitial plasma cell Clinical manifestation round-shaped enclosed Presence of macrophages with pneumonia / Chest X-ray Trimethoprim and P. carnii in friable viscous cell Lungs Inhalation hyperplasia of the alveolar pneumocystis Biopsy of lung tissue Sulfamethoxazole wall with 8 uninucleated epithelium with round cell pneumonia Autopsy sporozoites infiltration Sign of O2 starvation Microsporidia Enterocytozoon Finding spores within Spore forming obligate intracellular bieneusi Intestines Fecal-oral route cells in feces Abendazole protozoa Septata intestinalis Intestinal biopsy Babesia Microscopic Pear shaped and appear Transmitted by bite examination Pentamidine isithionate as small ringform within Redwater fever / Massive destruction of RBC B. microti RBC of Ixodes tick to Presence of multiple Chlorquine phosphate the RBC arranged Babesiosi Acute febrile hemolytic disease human ring-like form in RBC Clindamycin parallel to each other Serological