Power Electronics

Controlled Rectifier

Dr Taosif Iqbal
College of E&ME, NUST
[email protected]
Power Electronics 4. Controlled Rectifier
1. Half wave controlled rectification
2. Full wave controlled rectification
3. Full wave controlled rectification R-L load
4. Full wave controlled rectification with free
wheeling diode
Power Electronics 4.1. Half wave controlled rectification

• A gate signal is applied at t = , where  is

the delay/firing angle.
• Average DC output voltage
1  Vm
Vo  VDC 
2  Vm sin(t )dt =
2
[1  cos  ]

1  Vm  sin(2 )
 cc Vm sin(t ) d (t )  2 1    2
2
Vorms
2
Power Electronics 4.1. Half wave controlled rectification
Design a circuit to produce an average voltage of 40V across 100 load
resistor from a 120 Vrms, 60 Hz ac source. Determine the power absorbed
by the resistor and the power factor. Briefly describe what happen if the
circuit is replaced by diode to produce the average output.
Solution • Vs
To achieve 40V average Vo  [1  cos  ]
2
voltage, the delay angle
120 2
must be 40  [1  cos  ]
2
  61.2o  1.07 rad

Vm  sin( 2 )
Vo , rms  1 
2  2
120 2 1.07 sin 2(1.07)
 1 
2  2
 75.6V
Power Electronics 4.1. Half wave controlled rectification
Design a circuit to produce an average voltage of 40V across 100 load
resistor from a 120 Vrms, 60 Hz ac source. Determine the power absorbed
by the resistor and the power factor. Briefly describe what happen if the
circuit is replaced by diode to produce the average output.

V 2 rms 75.6 2 • If diode is used, the average

Pac    57.1W
R 100 voltage would be
pf 
Pac

57.1
 0.63 Vs 2 (120)
Vs I s  75.6  Vo    54V
(120)
 100 
  
Power Electronics 4.1. Half wave controlled rectification
Design a circuit to produce an average voltage of 40V across 100 load
resistor from a 120 Vrms, 60 Hz ac source. Determine the power absorbed
by the resistor and the power factor. Briefly describe what happen if the
circuit is replaced by diode to produce the average output.
Efficiency: Pdc 40 2 / 100
   0.28
Pac 57.1

Vrms 75.6
FF    1.89
Ripple factor: Vdc 40
RF  FF 2  1  1.89 2  1  1.6
Transformer Utilization Factor:
Pdc 40 2 / 100 16
TUF     0.176
VA 120 * 75.6 / 100 90.72
P P
VA  dc  dc  5.67Pdc
TUF 0.176
Power Electronics 4.2. Full wave controlled rectification
Power Electronics 4.2. Full wave controlled rectification
DC voltage :

1 Vm Vm


Vo  V sin tdt  [ cos t ] 
 [1  cos  ]
  
m

Vo Vm
Io   (1  cos  )
Load RMS voltage: R R

 
1 1
Vrms   V sin t  d t  Vm  1  cos 2t  dt
2

 m
2

1  sin 2t   2  2  sin 2  sin 2 
 Vm        Vm  
2  2    4 
Vm  2  2  sin 2 
  
2    Vrms
I rms 
R
Power Electronics 4.2. Full wave controlled rectification
A full-wave converter is operated from 120-V, 60-Hz supply and the load
resistance is R = 10 Ω. If it is required to obtain an average output
voltage of 50% of the maximum possible output voltage, calculate (a)
the delay angle α, (b) the rms and average output currents, (c) the
average and rms thyristor currents, (d) the rectification efficiency, (e) the
TUF, and (f) the input PF.
 4.3. Full wave controlled rectification
R-L load
Power Electronics
 4.4. Full wave controlled rectification
with free wheeling diode
Power Electronics

Semi-converter

FW with free wheeling diode

 4.4. Full wave controlled rectification
with free wheeling diode
Power Electronics

 to  conduction path is shown 

 Free wheeling conduction path is

shown, D 4 is forward biased due
to inductor voltage until inductor is
discharged completly. Vo is zero
 4.4. Full wave controlled rectification
with free wheeling diode
Power Electronics

    to 2
conduction path is shown

D3 is forward biased due

to inductor voltage. Vo is again zero