G12 IB Math SL Probability and Probability Distributions

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1.

[Maximum mark: 9]

In a survey in XS-Nuvali, 80 students were asked “Do you prefer computer games or playing sports?”. The results are
partially displayed in the following table.

Girls Boys Total


Computer games 10 12
Sports
Total 36

(a) Complete the table of values. [6 marks]


(b) Find the probability that a student selected at random [3 marks]
i. prefers to play sports
ii. prefers to play sports, given that the student is a girl
iii. is a boy, given that the student prefers to play sports.

2. [Maximum mark: 13]

(a) Jar A contains 3 red marbles and 5 green marbles. Two marbles are drawn from the jar, one after the other,
without replacement. Find the probability that:

i. none of the marbles are green; [2 marks]

ii. exactly one marble is green. [3 marks]

(b) Jar B contains six red marbles and two green marbles. A fair six-sided die is tossed. If the score is 1 or 2, a marble
is drawn from Jar A. Otherwise, a marble is drawn from Jar B.

i. Write down the probability that the marble is drawn from Jar B. [1 mark]

ii. Given that the marble was drawn from Jar B, write down the probability that it is red. [3 marks]

iii. Given that the marble is red, find the probability that it is drawn from Jar A. [4 marks]

3. [Maximum mark: 6]

During lunch, the probability that Ms. Panganiban will eat in the canteen is 4/5. If she decides to eat in the canteen, the
probability that she will buy popcorn is 3/8. If she decides not to eat in the canteen, the probability that she will not buy
popcorn is 9/10.

(a) Construct a tree diagram to illustrate the information. [4 marks]


(b) Find the probability that Ms. Panganiban will not buy popcorn. [2 marks]

4. [Maximum mark: 4]

( )
A random variable X is normally distributed so that X ~ N m, s 2 . 20% of the values are below 6, and the mean
m = 9 . Find s .

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5. [Maximum mark: 4]

The normal distribution graph below describes the weights of mice.

A B x

Weight (in grams)

(a) The shaded region A corresponds to 12% of the population. What is the greatest weight of any mouse in the
lightest 12% of the population? [2 marks]
(b) The shaded region B corresponds to 8% of the population. Find the lowest weight of a mouse in the heaviest 8%
of the population. [2 marks]

6. [Maximum mark: 5]

The heights of trees in a plantation are normally distributed with mean 3.18 meters and standard deviation 19.5 cm.

(a) Find the probability that a randomly selected tree will be: [3 marks]
i. taller than 3 meters;
ii. between 2.8 meters and 3.3 meters tall.
(b) What height must a tree be to be in the tallest 20%? [2 marks]

7. [Maximum mark: 9]

In soccer, whenever Ronaldo takes a penalty shot for goal, he has an 80% chance of being successful. Suppose he
takes 20 penalty shots at the goal. Find:

(a) the expected number of his successes in scoring goals; [3 marks]


(b) the probability that he scores with all but two shots; [3 marks]
(c) the probability that he scores with at least 18 shots; [3 marks]

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