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Gauss Elimination Method PDF

This document discusses Gaussian elimination, a method for solving systems of linear equations. It begins with background on mathematician Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss. It then explains the Gaussian elimination method, using elementary row operations to put a matrix in row echelon form. An example is worked through step-by-step to demonstrate the method. The example transforms an initial matrix into row echelon form and then solves the original system of equations.

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Joeren Jarin
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235 views23 pages

Gauss Elimination Method PDF

This document discusses Gaussian elimination, a method for solving systems of linear equations. It begins with background on mathematician Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss. It then explains the Gaussian elimination method, using elementary row operations to put a matrix in row echelon form. An example is worked through step-by-step to demonstrate the method. The example transforms an initial matrix into row echelon form and then solves the original system of equations.

Uploaded by

Joeren Jarin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COSC85 Numerical Analysis

Joeren Cruz Jarin, BSCpE


Cavite State University – Silang Campus
JOHANN CARL FRIEDRICH GAUSSGAUSS
30 April 1777 – 23 February 1855

He was a German mathematician and physicist who


made significant contributions to many fields in
mathematics and sciences. Sometimes referred to as
the Princeps mathematicorum (Latin for "the foremost
of mathematicians") and "the greatest mathematician
since antiquity", Gauss had an exceptional influence
in many fields of mathematics and science, and is
ranked among history's most influential
mathematicians.

2
GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION
METHOD
✓ Coefficient Matrices
✓ Cramer’s Rule for 2x2 System
✓ Determinants

3
Gaussian Elimination Method
➢ Also known as row reduction is an algorithm
for solving systems of linear equations.
➢ To perform row reduction on a matrix, one
uses a sequence of elementary row
operations to modify the matrix until the
lower left-hand corner of the matrix is filled
with zeros, as much as possible.
4
Gaussian Elimination Method
➢ Using these operations, a matrix can
always be transformed into an upper
triangular matrix, and in fact one that is in
row echelon form.

5
Example

x + y + 2z = 9
2x + 4y – 3z = 1
3x + 6y – 5z = 0

6
Example

x + y + 2z = 9 1 1 2 9
2x + 4y – 3z = 1 2 4 -3 1
3x + 6y – 5z = 0 3 6 -5 0

Augmented Matrix

7
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-2R1 + R2 → R2 2 4 -3 1 R2
3 6 -5 0 R3

-2 -2 -4 | -18

8
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-2R1 + R2 → R2 0 2 -7 -17 R2
3 6 -5 0 R3

-2 -2 -4 | -18

9
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-3R1 + R3 → R3 0 2 -7 -17 R2
3 6 -5 0 R3

-3 -3 -6 | -27

10
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-3R1 + R3 → R3 0 2 -7 -17 R2
0 3 -11 -27 R3

-3 -3 -6 | -27

11
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
1/2R2 → R2 0 2 -7 -17 R2
0 3 -11 -27 R3

0 1 -7/2 | -17/2

12
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
1/2R2 → R2 0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 3 -11 -27 R3

0 1 -7/2 | -17/2

13
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-3R2 + R3→ R3 0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 3 -11 -27 R3

0 -3 21/2 | 51/2

14
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-3R2 + R3→ R3 0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 0 -22/2 -54/2 R3

0 -3 21/2 | 51/2

15
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-3R2 + R3→ R3 0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 0 -1/2 -3/2 R3

0 -3 21/2 | 51/2

16
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-2R3 → R3 0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 0 -1/2 -3/2 R3

0 0 1 | 3

17
Example

1 1 2 9 R1
-2R3 → R3 0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 0 1 3 R3

0 0 1 | 3
ROW ECHELON FORM
(R.E.F.)

18
Solve:

1 1 2 9 R1
0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
0 0 1 3 R3

19
Solve:
Z=3
1 1 2 9 R1
0 1 -7/2 -17/2 R2
R3 y – 7/2z = -17/2
0 0 1 3 y – 7/2(3) = -17/2
y = -17/2 – 21/3
y=2

20
Solve:
Z=3
x + y + 2z = 9
X + 2 + 2(3) = 9
x=9–6–2
y – 7/2z = -17/2
x=1
y – 7/2(3) = -17/2
y = -17/2 – 21/3
y=2

21
Try to solve!

2x – 3y – 4z = 0
x + 2y + z = 4
3x + y +3z = 2

22
Thank You!
23

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