FW 5 Differential Leveling INC

FIELDWORK S DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING
5.1 Program Outcomes (POS) Addressed by the Activity
a. ability to apply knowledge of mathematics and science to solve engineering problems

b. ability to design and conduct fieldworks, as well as to analyze and interpret data
c. ability to function on multidisciplinary teams
5.2 Activity Intended Learning Outcomes (AILO’s)

At the end of this experiment the student shall be able to:
a. identify instruments and accessories that are essential in levelling practices
b. illustrate the schematic diagram in performing leveling
c. compute the elevation of between two points by differential leveling
5.3 Objectives of the Activity

The aim of this fieldwork is to determine the elevation between points using differential leveling.
5.4 Principle of the Activity

Leveling is the operation of detenuuu.ng the elevation of points some distance apart by a series of set-
ups of the instrument along the general route.
Bench Mark is a definite point on an object of known elevation which serves as reference for
levelling work.
Backsight is a rod reading taken on a point of known elevation.
Foresight is a rod reading taken on a point the elevation of which is to be determined.
Height of the Instrument is the elevation of the line of sight of the telescope above the reference
datum when the instrument is set-up or leveled.
Elevation is the vertical distance above or below sour arbitrarily assumed level surface or datum.
Figure 5.1
Eq. 5.1
ElevTP = HI-FS Eq. 5.2
5.5 Materials/Equipment
1 unit Engineer’s Transit
2 units Leveling Rod
5 units Marking Pins
5.6 Procedures
1.Designate the initial point as BM-1, the point of known or assumed elevation, and BM-2, the final
or terminal point whose elevation is to be determined.
2. Set the leveling rod at BM-1. Set up the transit at a convenient location along the general route of
BM-1 to BM-2.
3. Take the backsight at BM-1 and record the backsight reading.
4.Signal the rodman to move forward and choose a turning point TP-1 at some convenient point
within the range sight of the telescope along the general route.
5. Hold the rod at TP-1 and take a foresight at that point. Record the observed value.
6.Transfer the transit at some favorable point beyond TP-1. Take a backsight at TP-I and record the
data.
7. Repeat the process until you reach TP-5. (min of 5 TP’s)
8. Lastly, take the foresight reading of your BM-2. Take a second trial from BM-2 to BM-1.
5.7 Activity Report
Course: Activity No.:
Group No.: Section:
Group Members:
5.7.1 Data and Results

Table 5.1: Leveling Notes -Trial 1
STATION BS HI FS ELEVATION
BM1 1.52 101.52 - 100.00
TP1 1.36 101.62 1.26 100.26
TP2 1.40 101.74 1.28 100.34
TP3 1.37 101.80 1.31 100.43
TP4 1.32 101.77 1.35 100.45
TP5 1.25 101.73 1.29 100.48
BM2 - - 1.39 100.34

Table 5: 2: Leveling Notes Trial 2
STATION BS HI FS ELEVATION
BM2 1.39 101.73 - 100.34
TP5 1.29 101.77 1.25 100.48
TP4 1.30 101.75 1.32 100.45
TP3 1.31 101.73 1.33 100.42
TP2 1.29 101.66 1.36 100.37

TP1 1.24 101.54 1.36 100.30
BM1 - - 1.49 100.05
5.7.2 Calculations
HI = Elev + BS
Elev = HI – FS
DE1 = ElevBM1 - ElevBM2; DE2 = ElevBM2 – ElevBM1
Trial 1
HIBM1 = 100.00 + 1.52 = 101.52
ElevTP1 = 101.52 – 1.26 = 100.26
HITP1 = 100.26 + 1.36 = 101.62
ElevTP2 = 101.62 -1.28 = 100.34
HITP2 = 100.34 + 1.40 = 101.74
ElevTP3 = 101.74 -1.31 = 100.43
HITP3 = 100.43 + 1.37 = 101.80
ElevTP4 = 101.80 – 1.35 = 100.45
HITP4 = 100.45 + 1.32 = 101.77
ElevTP5 = 101.77 – 1.29 = 100.48
HITP5 = 100.48 + 1.25 = 101.73
ElevBM2 = 101.73 – 1.39 = 100.34
DE1 = 100.00 – 100.34 = -0.34
Trial 2
HIBM2 = 100.34 + 1.39 = 101.73
ElevTP5 = 101.73 -1.25 = 100.48
HITP5 = 100.48 +1.29 = 101.77
ElevTP4 = 101.77 – 1.32 = 100.45
HITP4 = 100.45 + 1.30 = 101.75
ElevTP3 = 101.75 – 1.33 = 100.42
HITP3 = 100.42 + 1.31 = 101.73
ElevTP4 = 101.73 – 1.36 = 100.37
HITP4 = 100.37 + 1.29 = 101.66
ElevTP5 = 101.66 – 1.36 = 100.30
HITP5 = 100.30 + 1.24 = 101.54
ElevBM1 = 101.54 – 1.49 = 100.05
DE2 = 100.34 – 100.05 = 0.29

FW 5 Differential Leveling INC

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FIELDWORK S DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING

5.1 Program Outcomes (POS) Addressed by the Activity

a. ability to apply knowledge of mathematics and science to solve engineering problems

5.2 Activity Intended Learning Outcomes (AILO’s)

5.3 Objectives of the Activity

5.4 Principle of the Activity

5.7.1 Data and Results

TP1 1.36 101.62 1.26 100.26

TP2 1.40 101.74 1.28 100.34

TP3 1.37 101.80 1.31 100.43

TP4 1.32 101.77 1.35 100.45

TP5 1.25 101.73 1.29 100.48

BM2 - - 1.39 100.34

TP5 1.29 101.77 1.25 100.48

TP4 1.30 101.75 1.32 100.45

TP3 1.31 101.73 1.33 100.42

TP2 1.29 101.66 1.36 100.37

BM1 - - 1.49 100.05

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