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XXX Contoh ANOVA Manual

The document provides an example of a manual calculation of ANOVA to compare the mean distances of four different football brands. It shows the steps to: 1) Calculate the grand mean of all sample data. 2) Calculate the total variation between samples (SSF). 3) Derive the mean square for factors (MSF) and mean square for error (MSE). 4) Calculate the F-statistic and compare it to the critical F-value to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between brand means. 5) Conclude that there is at least one pair of brands that are significantly different, as evidenced by an extremely low p-value of 0.000000000397%.

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411 views9 pages

XXX Contoh ANOVA Manual

The document provides an example of a manual calculation of ANOVA to compare the mean distances of four different football brands. It shows the steps to: 1) Calculate the grand mean of all sample data. 2) Calculate the total variation between samples (SSF). 3) Derive the mean square for factors (MSF) and mean square for error (MSE). 4) Calculate the F-statistic and compare it to the critical F-value to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between brand means. 5) Conclude that there is at least one pair of brands that are significantly different, as evidenced by an extremely low p-value of 0.000000000397%.

Uploaded by

zidane fm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Contoh Perhitungan

Manual ANOVA
Tabel ANOVA

Between group
F ratio = Within group

SOURCE SS df MS (=SS/df) F = MS(Factor) / MS(Error)


BETWEEN SS(Factor) a-1 SS (factor)/df factor MS(Factor) / MS(Error)
Group
a
WITHIN
Group
SS(Error) ∑ (n
j =1
j − 1) SS(Error) / df error

 a 
TOTAL SS(Total)  ∑ nj  − 1
 
 j =1 
i = represents a data point within the jth
group (factor level)
j = represents the jth group (factor level)
a = total # of groups (factor levels)

Mengapa “Within” disebut Error or Noise?

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

The International football assocaiation wants to compare the mean


distances associated with four different brands of foot balls when kick by
a striker. A completely randomised design is employed, with the kicking
simulated by a pneumatic activated swing that will strike a consistent
100N force at a fixed contact angle to the balls. The experiment was
conducted with a random sample of 10 balls of each brand hitted at a
random sequence. The distance of each trial was recorded and the data
was organised as below:

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

Brand A Brand B Brand C Brand D


251.2 263.2 269.7 251.6
245.1 262.9 263.2 248.6
248.0 265.0 277.5 249.4
251.1 254.5 267.4 242.0
260.5 264.3 270.5 246.5
250.0 257.0 265.5 251.3
253.9 262.8 270.7 261.8
244.6 264.4 272.9 249.0
254.6 260.6 275.6 247.1
248.8 255.9 266.5 245.9
Mean 250.78 261.06 269.95 249.32
Variance 22.4218 14.9471 20.2583 27.0729

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

• H0: µ1 = µ2 = .… = µp
• H1: Paling tidak ada satu pasang yang berbeda rata-ratanya
Step 1: Hitung grand average seluruh data sampel
Grand average X = (250.8 + 261.1 + 270 + 249.3) / 4
= 257.8

257.8

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

2 (ingat rumus standar deviasi


Step 2: Hitung Varians masing masing sampel
sampel dikuadratkan?)
S
Dikuadratkan karena kita
Step 3: Hitung total variasi antar sampel (SSF) bermain di varians (stdev
Dikuadratkan)
p
SSF = ∑ ni (xi - x ) = 10(250.78 - 257.8) + 10(261.06 - 257.8) + 10(269.95 - 257.8) + 10(249.32 - 257.8)
2 2 2 2 2

i =1

= 492.804 + 106.276 + 1476.225 + 719.104


= 2794.409

Pada dasarnya ini adalah


jarak rata-rata 257.8
tiap sampel terhadap
grand averagenya

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

Step 4: Hitung Mean Square for Factors (MSF) (Variasi Between Sampel) dan
Mean Square for Error (MSE) (Variasi Within Sampel).

SSF
MSF = (p = jumlah sampel)
p -1
2794.409
= = 931.47
4 -1

SSE
MSE =
n-p
762.3009
= = 21.175
40 - 4

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

Step 5: Hitung nilai statistik F ( rasio F ), tolak hipotesa null, H0 jika nilai Fstatistic
(hitung) > Fα (Nilai F kritis). Nilai kritis dapat dilihat di tabel distribusi F dengan
Degree of freedom, ν1 = 3 (i.e. p – 1) ; and ν2 = 36 (i.e. n – p).

F = 2.243
MSF 931.47
Fstatistic = = = 43.99
MSE 21.175 Fstatistic = 43.99
F = " FINV(0.1, 3, 36)"
p-value
= 2.243
α

P-value dapat dihitung di microsoft excel “=FDIST(Fstatistic, ν1, ν2)”.


Untuk kasus ini, p-value = FDIST(43.99, 3, 36) = 3.97 E-12.

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ANOVA – Contoh Perhitungan Manual

Step 6: Susun tabel ANOVA untuk menarik kesimpulan

Karena Fstatistic > Fα, kita reject Hiposea Null dan menyimpulkan PALING TIDAK ada dua merk
yang berbeda cukup signifikan. Nilai p menunjukkan bahwa kemungkinan rata-rata antar merk
(brand) sama adalah 0.000000000397% (wow! Bukti yang kuat untuk mereject Ho)

Daripada pusing melihat tabel lebih baik melihat p-value keluaran dari Minitab

Six Sigma Black Belt

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