Q1) what is DevOps?

By the name DevOps, it�s very clear that it�s a collaboration of Development as
well as Operations. But one should know that DevOps is not a tool, or a software or
framework, DevOps is a Combination of Tools which helps for the automation of whole
infrastructure.

DevOps is basically and implementation of Agile methodology on Development side as

well as Operations side.

Q2) why do we need DevOps?

To fulfil the need of delivering more and faster and better application to meet
more and more demands of users, we need DevOps. DevOps helps deployment to happen
really fast compared to any other traditional tools.

Q3) Mention the key aspects or principle behind DevOps?

The key aspects or principle behind DevOps is:

Infrastructure as a Code
Continuous Integration
Continuous Deployment
Automation
Continuous Monitoring
Security
Q4) List out some of the popular tools for DevOps?
Git
Jenkins
Ansible
Puppet
Nagios
Docker
ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)
Q5) what is a version control system?
Version Control System (VCS) is a software that helps software developers to work
together and maintain a complete history of their work.

Some of the feature of VCS as follows:

Allow developers to wok simultaneously

Does not allow overwriting on each other changes.
Maintain the history of every version.
There are two types of Version Control Systems:

Central Version Control System, Ex: Git, Bitbucket

Distributed/Decentralized Version Control System, Ex: SVN
Q6) What is Git and explain the difference between Git and SVN?
Git is a source code management (SCM) tool which handles small as well as large
projects with efficiency. It is basically used to store our repositories in remote
server such as GitHub.

GIT SVN
Git is a Decentralized Version Control Tool SVN is a Centralized Version
Control Tool
Git contains the local repo as well as the full history of the whole project on all
the developers hard drive, so if there is a server outage , you can easily do
recovery from your team mates local git repo. SVN relies only on the central
server to store all the versions of the project file
Push and pull operations are fast Push and pull operations are slower compared to
Git
It belongs to 3rd generation Version Control Tool It belongs to 2nd generation
Version Control tools
Client nodes can share the entire repositories on their local system Version
history is stored on server-side repository
Commits can be done offline too Commits can be done only online
Work are shared automatically by commit Nothing is shared automatically
Q7) what language is used in Git?
Git is written in C language, and since its written in C language its very fast and
reduces the overhead of runtimes.

Q8) what is SubGit?

SubGit is a tool for migrating SVN to Git. It creates a writable Git mirror of a
local or remote Subversion repository and uses both Subversion and Git if you like.

Q9) how can you clone a Git repository via Jenkins?

First, we must enter the e-mail and user name for your Jenkins system, then switch
into your job directory and execute the �git config� command.

Q10)What are the Advantages of Ansible?

Agentless, it doesn�t require any extra package/daemons to be installed
Very low overhead
Good performance
Idempotent
Very Easy to learn
Declarative not procedural
Q11) what�s the use of Ansible?
Ansible is mainly used in IT infrastructure to manage or deploy applications to
remote nodes. Let�s say we want to deploy one application in 100�s of nodes by just
executing one command, then Ansible is the one actually coming into the picture but
should have some knowledge on Ansible script to understand or execute the same.

Q12) what�s the difference between Ansible Playbook and Roles?

Roles Playbooks
Roles are reusable subsets of a play. Playbooks contain Plays.
A set of tasks for accomplishing certain role. Mapps among hosts and roles.
Example: common, webservers. Example: site.yml, fooservers.yml, webservers.yml.
Q13) How do I see a list of all the ansible_ variables?
Ansible by default gathers �facts� about the machines, and these facts can be
accessed in Playbooks and in templates. To see a list of all the facts that are
available about a machine, you can run the �setup� module as an ad-hoc action:

Ansible -m setup hostname

This will print out a dictionary of all the facts that are available for that
particular host.

Q14) what is Docker?

Docker is a containerization technology that packages your application and all its
dependencies together in the form of Containers to ensure that your application
works seamlessly in any environment.

Q15) what is Docker image?

Docker image is the source of Docker container. Or in other words, Docker images
are used to create containers.

Q16) what is Docker Container?

Docker Container is the running instance of Docker Image.

Q17) Can we consider DevOps as Agile methodology?

Of Course, we can!! The only difference between agile methodology and DevOps is
that, agile methodology is implemented only for development section and DevOps
implements agility on both development as well as operations section.

Q18) what are the advantages of using Git?

Data redundancy and replication
High availability
Only one. git directory per repository
Superior disk utilization and network performance
Collaboration friendly
Git can use any sort of projects.
Q19) what is kernel?
A kernel is the lowest level of easily replaceable software that interfaces with
the hardware in your computer.

Q20) what is difference between grep -i and grep -v?

I ignore alphabet difference V accept this value

ex) ls | grep -i docker

Dockerfile

docker.tar.gz

ls | grep -v docker

Desktop

Dockerfile

Documents

Downloads

You can�t see anything with name docker.tar.gz

Q21) How can you define particular space to the file

This feature is generally used to give the swap space to the server. Lets say in
below machine I have to create swap space of 1GB then,

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile1 bs=1G count=1

Q22) what is concept of sudo in linux?

Sudo(superuser do) is a utility for UNIX- and Linux-based systems that provides an
efficient way to give specific users permission to use specific system commands at
the root (most powerful) level of the system.

Q23) what is a Jenkins Pipeline?

Jenkins Pipeline (or simply �Pipeline�) is a suite of plugins which supports
implementing and integrating continuous delivery pipelines into Jenkins.

Q24) How to stop and restart the Docker container?

To stop the container: docker stop container ID

Now to restart the Docker container: docker restart container ID

Q25) What platforms does Docker run on?

Docker runs on only Linux and Cloud platforms:

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS+

Fedora 20+
RHEL 6.5+
CentOS 6+
Gentoo
ArchLinux
openSUSE 12.3+
CRUX 3.0+
Cloud:

Amazon EC2
Google Compute Engine
Microsoft Azure
Rackspace
Note that Docker does not run on Windows or Mac for production as there is no
support, yes you can use it for testing purpose even in windows

Q26) what are the tools used for docker networking?

For docker networking we generally use kubernets and docker swarm.

Q27) what is docker compose?

Lets say you want to run multiple docker container, at that time you have to create
the docker compose file and type the command docker-compose up. It will run all the
containers mentioned in docker compose file.

Q28) What is Scrum?

Scrum is basically used to divide your complex software and product development
task into smaller chunks, using iterations and incremental practises. Each
iteration is of two weeks. Scrum consists of three roles: Product owner, scrum
master and Team

Q29) What does the commit object contain?

Commit object contain the following components:

It contains a set of files, representing the state of a project at a given point of

time reference to parent commit objects

An SHAI name, a 40-character string that uniquely identifies the commit object
(also called as hash).

Q30) Explain the difference between git pull and git fetch?
Git pull command basically pulls any new changes or commits from a branch from your
central repository and updates your target branch in your local repository.

Git fetch is also used for the same purpose, but its slightly different form Git
pull. When you trigger a git fetch, it pulls all new commits from the desired
branch and stores it in a new branch in your local repository. If we want to
reflect these changes in your target branch, git fetch must be followed with a git
merge. Our target branch will only be updated after merging the target branch and
fetched branch. Just to make it easy for us, remember the equation below:

Git pull = git fetch + git merge

Q31) How do we know in Git if a branch has already been merged into master?
git branch �merged

The above command lists the branches that have been merged into the current branch.

git branch �no-merged

this command lists the branches that have not been merged.

Q32) What is �Staging Area� or �Index� in GIT?

Before committing a file, it must be formatted and reviewed in an intermediate area
known as �Staging Area� or �Indexing Area�.

#git add <file_name>

Q33) What is Git Stash?

Let�s say you�ve been working on part of your project, things are in a messy state
and you want to switch branches for some time to work on something else. The
problem is, you don�t want to do a commit of your half-done work just, so you can
get back to this point later. The answer to this issue is Git stash.

Git Stashing takes your working directory that is, your modified tracked files and
staged changes and saves it on a stack of unfinished changes that you can reapply
at any time.

Q34) What is Git stash drop?

Git �stash drop� command is basically used to remove the stashed item. It will
basically remove the last added stash item by default, and it can also remove a
specific item if you include it as an argument.

I have provided an example below:

If you want to remove any particular stash item from the list of stashed items you
can use the below commands:

git stash list: It will display the list of stashed items as follows:

stash@{0}: WIP on master: 049d080 added the index file

stash@{1}: WIP on master: c265351 Revert �added files�

stash@{2}: WIP on master: 13d80a5 added number to log

Q35) What is the function of �git config�?

Git uses our username to associate commits with an identity. The git config command
can be used to change our Git configuration, including your username.

Suppose you want to give a username and email id to associate commit with an
identity so that you can know who has made a commit. For that I will use:

git config �global user.name �Your Name�: This command will add your username.

git config �global user.email �Your E-mail Address�: This command will add your
email id.

Q36) How can you create a repository in Git?

To create a repository, you must create a directory for the project if it does not
exist, then run command �git init�. By running this command .git directory will be
created inside the project directory.

Q37) Describe the branching strategies you have used?

Generally, they ask this question to understand your branching knowledge

Feature branching

This model keeps all the changes for a feature inside of a branch. When the feature
branch is fully tested and validated by automated tests, the branch is then merged
into master.

Task branching

In this task branching model each task is implemented on its own branch with the
task key included in the branch name. It is quite easy to see which code implements
which task, just look for the task key in the branch name.

Release branching

Once the develop branch has acquired enough features for a release, then we can
clone that branch to form a Release branch. Creating this release branch starts the
next release cycle, so no new features can be added after this point, only bug
fixes, documentation generation, and other release-oriented tasks should go in this
branch. Once it�s ready to ship, the release gets merged into master and then
tagged with a version number. In addition, it should be merged back into develop
branch, which may have progressed since the release was initiated earlier.

Q38) What is Jenkins?

Jenkins is an open source continuous integration tool which is written in Java
language. It keeps a track on version control system and to initiate and monitor a
build system if any changes occur. It monitors the whole process and provides
reports and notifications to alert the concern team.

Q39) What is the difference between Maven, Ant and Jenkins?

Maven and Ant are Build Technologies whereas Jenkins is a continuous
integration(CI/CD) tool.

Q40) Explain what is continuous integration?

When multiple developers or teams are working on different segments of same web
application, we need to perform integration test by integrating all the modules. To
do that an automated process for each piece of code is performed on daily bases so
that all your code gets tested. And this whole process is termed as continuous
integration.

Q41) What is the relation between Hudson and Jenkins?

Hudson was the earlier name of current Jenkins. After some issue faced, the project
name was changed from Hudson to Jenkins.

Q42) What are the advantages of Jenkins?

Advantage of using Jenkins

Bug tracking is easy at early stage in development environment.

Provides a very large numbers of plugin support.
Iterative improvement to the code, code is basically divided into small sprints.
Build failures are cached at integration stage.
For each code commit changes an automatic build report notification get generated.
To notify developers about build report success or failure, it can be integrated
with LDAP mail server.
Achieves continuous integration agile development and test-driven development
environment.
With simple steps, maven release project can also be automated.
Q43) Which SCM tools does Jenkins supports?
Source code management tools supported by Jenkins are below:

AccuRev
CVS
Subversion
Git
Mercurial
Perforce
Clearcase
RTC
Q44) What is Ansible?
Ansible is a software configuration management tool to deploy an application using
ssh without any downtime. It is also used for management and configuration of
software applications. Ansible is developed in Python language.

Q45) How can your setup Jenkins jobs?

Steps to set up Jenkins job as follows:

Select new item from the menu.

After that enter a name for the job (it can be anything) and select free-style job.

Then click OK to create new job in Jenkins dashboard.

The next page enables you to configure your job, and it�s done.

Q46) What is your daily activities in your current role?

Working on JIRA Tickets
Builds and Deployments
Resolving issues when builds and deployments fails by coordinating and
collaborating with the dev team
Infrastructure maintenance
Monitoring health of applications
Q47) What are the challenges you faced in recent times?
I need to implement trending technologies like Docker to automate the configuration
management activities in my project by showing POC.

Q48) What are the build and deployment failures you got and how you resolved those?
I use to get most of the time out of memory issue. So I fixed this issue by
restarting the server which is not best practice. I did the permanent fix by
increase the Perm Gen Space and Heap Space.

Q49) I want a file that consists of last 10 lines of the some other file?
Tail -10 filename >filename

Q50) How to check the exit status of the commands?

echo $?

Become an DevOps Expert with Certification in 25hours

Q51) I want to get the information from file which consists of the word �GangBoard�
grep �GangBoard� filename

Q52) I want to search the files with the name of �GangBoard�

find / -type f -name �*GangBoard*�

Q53) Write a shell script to print only prime numbers?

prime.sh
echo "1"
i=3
j=300
flag=0
tem=2
echo "1"while [ $i -ne $j ]
do
 temp=`echo $i`
while [ $temp -ne $tem ]
do
temp=`expr $temp - 1`
n=`expr $i % $temp`
if [ $n -eq 0 -a $flag -eq 0 ]
then
flag=1
fi
done
if [ $flag -eq 0 ]
then
echo $i
else
flag=0
fi
i=`expr $i + 1`
done
Q54) How to pass the parameters to the script and how can I get those parameters?
Scriptname.sh parameter1 parameter2

I will use $* to get the parameters.

Q55) What is the default file permissions for the file and how can I modify it?
Default file permissions are : rw-r�r�

If I want to change the default file permissions I need to use umask command ex:
umask 666

Q56) How you will do the releases?

There are some steps to follow.

Create a check list

Create a release branch
Bump the version
Merge release branch to master & tag it.
Use a Pull request to merge the release merge
Deploy master to Prod Environment
Merge back into develop & delete release branch
Change log generation
Communicating with stack holders
Grooming the issue tracker
Q57) How you automate the whole build and release process?
Check out a set of source code files.
Compile the code and report on progress along the way.
Run automated unit tests against successful compiles.
Create an installer.
Publish the installer to a download site, and notify teams that the installer is
available.
Run the installer to create an installed executable.
Run automated tests against the executable.
Report the results of the tests.
Launch a subordinate project to update standard libraries.
Promote executables and other files to QA for further testing.
Deploy finished releases to production environments, such as Web servers or CD
manufacturing.
The above process will be done by Jenkins by creating the jobs.

Q58) I have 50 jobs in the Jenkins dash board , I want to build at a time all the
jobs
In Jenkins there is a plugin called build after other projects build. We can
provide job names over there and If one parent job run then it will automatically
run the all other jobs. Or we can use Pipe line jobs.

Q59) How can I integrate all the tools with Jenkins?

I have to navigate to the manage Jenkins and then global tool configurations there
you have to provide all the details such as Git URL , Java version, Maven version ,
Path etc.

Q60) How to install Jenkins via Docker?

The steps are:

Open up a terminal window.

Download the jenkinsci/blueocean image & run it as a container in Docker using the
following docker run command:
( https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/)
docker run \ -u root \ �rm \ -d \ -p 8080:8080 \ -p 50000:50000 \ -v jenkins-
data:/var/jenkins_home \ -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
jenkinsci/blueocean
Proceed to the Post-installation setup wizard
(https://jenkins.io/doc/book/installing/#setup-wizard)
Accessing the Jenkins/Blue Ocean Docker container docker exec -it jenkins-blueocean
bash
Accessing the Jenkins console log through Docker logsdocker logs <docker-container-
name>Accessing the Jenkins home directorydocker exec -it <docker-container-name>
bash
Q61) Did you ever participated in Prod Deployments? If yes what is the procedure?
Yes I have participated, we need to follow the following steps in my point of view

Preparation & Planning : What kind of system/technology was supposed to run on what
kind of machine
The specifications regarding the clustering of systems
How all these stand-alone boxes were going to talk to each other in a foolproof
manner
Production setup should be documented to bits. It needs to be neat, foolproof, and
understandable.
It should have all a system configurations, IP addresses, system specifications, &
installation instructions.
It needs to be updated as & when any change is made to the production environment
of the system
Q62) My application is not coming up for some reason? How can you bring it up?
We need to follow the steps

Network connection
The Web Server is not receiving users�s request
Checking the logs
Checking the process id�s whether services are running or not
The Application Server is not receiving user�s request(Check the Application Server
Logs and Processes)
A network level �connection reset� is happening somewhere.
Q63) Did you automate anything in your project? Please explain
Yes I have automated couple of things such as

Password expiry automation

Deleting the older log files
Code quality threshold violations etc.
Q64) What is IaC? How you will achieve this?
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is the management of infrastructure (networks, virtual
machines, load balancers, and connection topology) in a descriptive model, using
the same versioning as DevOps team uses for source code. This will be achieved by
using the tools such as Chef, Puppet and Ansible etc.

Q65) What is multifactor authentication? What is the use of it?

Multifactor authentication (MFA) is a security system that requires more than one
method of authentication from independent categories of credentials to verify the
user�s identity for a login or other transaction.

Security for every enterprise user � end & privileged users, internal and external
Protect across enterprise resources � cloud & on-prem apps, VPNs, endpoints,
servers, privilege elevation and more
Reduce cost & complexity with an integrated identity platform
Q66) I want to copy the artifacts from one location to another location in cloud.
How?
Create two S3 buckets, one to use as the source, and the other to use as the
destination and then create policies.

Q67) How can I modify the commit message in git?

I have to use following command and enter the required message.

Git commit �amend

Q68) How can you avoid the waiting time for the triggered jobs in Jenkins.
First I will check the Slave nodes capacity, If it is fully loaded then I will add
the slave node by doing the following process.

Go to the Jenkins dashboard -> Manage Jenkins ->Manage Nodes

Create the new node a

By giving the all required fields and launch the slave machine as you want.

Q69) What are the Pros and Cons of Ansible?

Pros:

Open Source
Agent less
Improved efficiency , reduce cost
Less Maintenance
Easy to understand yaml files
Cons:

Underdeveloped GUI with limited features

Increased focus on orchestration over configuration management
SSH communication slows down in scaled environments
Q70) How you handle the merge conflicts in git?
Follow the steps

Create Pull request

Modify according to the requirement by sitting with developers
Commit the correct file to the branch
Merge the current branch with master branch.
Q71) I want to delete 10 days older log files. How can I?
There is a command in unix to achieve this task find <directory_path> -mtime +10
-name �*.log� -exec rm -f {} \; 2>/dev/null

What is the difference among chef, puppet and ansible?

Chef Puppet Ansible
Interoperability Works Only on Linux/Unix Works Only on Linux/Unix
Supports Windows but server should be Linux/Unix
Conf. Language It uses Ruby Puppet DSL YAML (Python)
Availability Primary Server and Backup Server Multi Master Architecture
Single Active Node
Q72) How you get the Inventory variables defined for the host?
We need to use the following command

Ansible � m debug- a �var=hostvars[�hostname�]� localhost(10.92.62.215)

Q73) How you will take backup for Jenkins?

Copy JENKINS_HOME directory and �jobs� directory to replicate it in another server

Q74) How to deploy docker container to aws?

Amazon provides the service called Amazon Elastic Container Service; By using this
creating and configuring the task definition and services we will launch the
applications.

Q75) I want to change the default port number of apache tomcat. How?
Go to the tomcat folder and navigate to the conf folder there you will find a
server.xml file. You can change connector port tag as you want.

Q76) In how many ways you can install the Jenkins?

We can install Jenkins in 3 Ways

By downloading Jenkins archive file

By running as a service Java �jar Jenkins.war
By deploying Jenkins.war to the webapps folder in tomcat.
Q77) How you will run Jenkins job from command line?
We have a Jenkins CLI from there we need to use the curl command

curl -X POST -u YOUR_USER:YOUR_USER_PASSWORD

http://YOUR_JENKINS_URL/job/YOUR_JOB/build

Q78) How you will do tagging in git?

We have following command to create tags in git

Git tag v0.1

Q79) How can you connect a container to a network when it starts?

We need to use a following command

docker run -itd �network=multi-host-network busybox

Q80) How you will do code commit and code deploy in cloud?
Create a deployment environment
Get a copy of the sample code
Create your pipeline
Activate your pipeline
Commit a change and update the App.
Q81) How to access variable names in Ansible?
Using hostvars method we can access and add the variables like below

{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname][�ansible_� + which_interface][�ipv4�][�address�] }}

Q82) What is Infrastructure as Code?

Where the Configuration of any servers or tool chain or application stack required
for an association can be made into progressively elucidating dimension of code and
that can be utilized for provisioning and overseeing foundation components like
Virtual Machine, Software, Network Elements, however it varies from contents
utilizing any language, where they are a progression of static advances coded,
where Version control can be utilized so as to follow condition changes .

Precedent Tools are Ansible, Terraform.

Q83) What are the zones the Version control can acquaint with get proficient DevOps
practice?
A clearly fundamental region of Version Control is Source code the executives,
Where each engineer code ought to be pushed to a typical storehouse for keeping up
assemble and discharge in CI/CD pipelines.

Another territory can be Version control For Administrators when they use
Infrastructure as A Code (IAC) apparatuses and rehearses for keeping up The
Environment setup.

Another Area of Version Control framework Can be Artifactory Management Using

Repositories like Nexus and DockerHub

Q84) Why Opensource apparatuses support DevOps?

Q85) What is the distinction among Ansible and chef(or) manikin?

Ansible is Agentless design the board device, where manikin or gourmet expert needs
operator should be kept running on the specialist hub and culinary specialist or
manikin depends on draw demonstrate, where your cookbook or show for gourmet expert
and manikin separately from the ace will be pulled by the operator and ansible uses
ssh to convey and it gives information driven guidelines to the hubs should be
overseen , progressively like RPC execution, ansible utilizations YAML scripting,
though manikin (or) culinary specialist is worked by ruby uses their own DSL .

Q86) What is Jinja2 templating in ansible playbooks and their utilization?

Jinja2 templating is the Python standard for templating , consider it like a sed
editorial manager for Ansible , where it very well may be utilized is when there is
a requirement for dynamic change of any config record to any application like
consider mapping a MySQL application to the IP address of the machine, where it is
running, it can�t be static , it needs modifying it progressively at runtime.

Arrangement

The vars inside the supports are supplanted by ansible while running utilizing
layout module.

Q87) What is the requirement for sorting out playbooks as the job, is it vital?
Arranging playbooks as jobs , gives greater clarity and reusability to any plays ,
while consider an errand where MySQL establishment ought to be done after the
evacuation of Oracle DB , and another prerequisite is expected to introduce MySQL
after java establishment, in the two cases we have to introduce MySQL , yet without
jobs need to compose playbooks independently for both use cases , yet utilizing
jobs once the MySQL establishment job is made can be used any number of times by
summoning utilizing rationale in site.yaml .

No, it isn�t important to make jobs for each situation, however making jobs is the
best practice in Ansible.

Q88) What is the fundamental disservice of Docker holders?

As the lifetime of any compartments is while pursuing a holder is wrecked you can�t
recover any information inside a compartment, the information inside a compartment
is lost perpetually, however tenacious capacity for information inside compartments
should be possible utilizing volumes mount to an outer source like host machine and
any NFS drivers.

Q89) What are the docker motor and docker form?

Docker motor contacts the docker daemon inside the machine and makes the runtime
condition and procedure for any compartment, docker make connects a few holders to
shape as a stack utilized in making application stacks like LAMP, WAMP, XAMP

Q90) What are the Different modes does a holder can be run?
Docker holder can be kept running in two modes

Connected: Where it will be kept running in the forefront of the framework you are
running, gives a terminal inside to compartment when � t choice is utilized with
it, where each log will be diverted to stdout screen.

Isolates: This mode is typically kept running underway, where the holder is
confined as a foundation procedure and each yield inside a compartment will be
diverted log records inside/var/lib/docker/logs/<container-id>/<container-id.json>
and which can be seen by docker logs order.

Q91) What the yield of docker assess order will be?

Docker examines <container-id> will give yield in JSON position, which contains
subtleties like the IP address of the compartment inside the docker virtual
scaffold and volume mount data and each other data identified with host (or) holder
explicit like the basic document driver utilized, log driver utilized.

docker investigate [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID�]

Choices

Name, shorthand Default Description

group, � f Format the yield utilizing the given Go layout
measure, � s Display all out document sizes if the sort is the compartment
type Return JSON for a predefined type
Q92) What is the order can be utilized to check the asset usage by docker holders?
Docker details order can be utilized to check the asset usage of any docker holder,
it gives the yield practically equivalent to Top direction in Linux, it shapes the
base for compartment asset observing instruments like a counsel, which gets yield
from docker details order.

docker details [OPTIONS] [CONTAINER�]

Choices

Name, shorthand Default Description

all, � a Show all holders (default demonstrates simply running)

group Pretty-print pictures utilizing a Go layout
no-stream Disable spilling details and just draw the main outcome
no-trunc Do not truncate yield
Q93) How to execute some errand (or) play on localhost just while executing
playbooks on various has on an ansible?
In ansible, there is a module called delegate_to, in this module area give the
specific host (or) has where your errands (or) assignment should be run.

undertakings:

name: � Elasticsearch Hitting�

uri: url=�_search?q=status:new� headers='{�Content-type�:�application/json�}�
method=GET return_content=yes

register: yield

delegate_to: 127.0.0.1

Q94) What is the distinction among set_fact and vars in ansible?

Where a set_fact sets the incentive for a factor at one time and stays static,
despite the fact that the esteem is very powerful and vars continue changing
according to the esteem continues changing for the variable.

assignments:

set_fact:

fact_time: �Truth: �

troubleshoot: var=fact_time

order: rest 2

troubleshoot: var=fact_time

assignments:

name: queries in factors versus queries in realities

has: localhost

vars:

var_time: �Var: �

Despite the fact that the query for the date has been utilized in both the cases,
wherein the vars are utilized it modifies dependent on an opportunity to time each
time executed inside the playbook lifetime. Be that as it may, Fact dependably
continues as before once query is finished

Q95) What is a query in ansible and what are query modules bolstered by ansible?
Query modules enable access to information in Ansible from outside sources. These
modules are assessed on the Ansible control machine and can incorporate perusing
the filesystem yet in addition reaching outside information stores and
administrations.

Organization is {lookup{�<plugin>�,'<source(or)connection_string>�}}

A portion of the query modules upheld by ansible are

Document

pipe

redis

jinja layouts

etcd kv store
Q96) How might you erase the docker pictures put away at your nearby machine and
how might you do it for every one of the pictures without a moment�s delay?
The direction docker RMI <image-id> can be utilized to erase the docker picture
from nearby machine, though a few pictures may should be constrained in light of
the fact that the picture might be utilized by some other holder (or) another
picture , to erase pictures you can utilize the mix of directions by docker RMI $
(docker pictures � q), where docker pictures will give the docker picture names, to
get just the ID of docker pictures just , we are utilizing � q switch with docker
pictures order.

Q97) What are the organizers in the Jenkins establishment and their employments?
JENKINS_HOME � which will be/$JENKINS_USER/.jenkins it is the root envelope of any
Jenkins establishment and it contains subfolders each for various purposes.

employments/ � Folder contains all the data pretty much every one of the
occupations arranged in the Jenkins example.

Inside employments/, you will have the envelope made for each activity and inside
those organizers, you will have fabricate organizers as indicated by each form
numbers each form will have its log records, which we see in Jenkins web support.

Modules/ � where all your modules will be recorded.

Workspace/ � this will be available to hold all the workspace documents like your
source code pulled from SCM.

Q98) What are the approaches to design Jenkins framework?

Jenkins can be designed in two different ways

Web: Where there is a choice called design a framework, in their area, you can make
all setup changes.

Manual on filesystem: Where each change should likewise be possible

straightforwardly on the Jenkins config.xml document under the Jenkins
establishment catalog, after you make changes on the filesystem, you have to
restart your Jenkins, either can do it specifically from terminal (or) you can
utilize Reload setup from plate under oversee Jenkins menu or you can hit/restart
endpoint straightforwardly.

Q99) What is the job Of HTTP REST API in DevOps?

As DevOps is absolutely centers around Automating your framework and gives changes
over the pipeline to various stages like an every CI/CD pipeline will have stages
like form, test, mental soundness test, UAT, Deployment to Prod condition similarly
as with each phase there are diverse devices is utilized and distinctive innovation
stack is displayed and there should be an approach to incorporate with various
instrument for finishing an arrangement toolchain, there comes a requirement for
HTTP API , where each apparatus speaks with various devices utilizing API , and
even client can likewise utilize SDK to interface with various devices like BOTOX
for Python to contact AWS API�s for robotization dependent on occasions , these
days its not cluster handling any longer , it is generally occasion driven
pipelines

Q100) What are Micro services, and how they control proficient DevOps rehearses?
Where In conventional engineering , each application is stone monument application
implies that anything is created by a gathering of designers, where it has been
sent as a solitary application in numerous machines and presented to external world
utilizing load balances, where the micro services implies separating your
application into little pieces, where each piece serves the distinctive capacities
expected to finish a solitary exchange and by separating , designers can likewise
be shaped to gatherings and each bit of utilization may pursue diverse rules for
proficient advancement stage, as a result of spry improvement ought to be staged up
a bit and each administration utilizes REST API (or) Message lines to convey
between another administration.

So manufacture and arrival of a non-strong form may not influence entire design,
rather, some usefulness is lost, that gives the confirmation to productive and
quicker CI/CD pipelines and DevOps Practices.

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Q101) What are the manners in which that a pipeline can be made in Jenkins?
There are two different ways of a pipeline can be made in Jenkins

Scripted Pipelines:

Progressively like a programming approach

Explanatory pipelines:

DSL approach explicitly to make Jenkins pipelines.

The pipeline ought to be made in Jenkins document and the area can either be in SCM
or nearby framework.

Definitive and Scripted Pipelines are developed on a very basic level in an

unexpected way. Definitive Pipeline is a later element of Jenkins Pipeline which:

gives more extravagant grammatical highlights over Scripted Pipeline language

structure, and is intended to make composing and perusing Pipeline code less
demanding.

Q102) What are the Labels in Jenkins and where it tends to be used?
Similarly as with CI/CD arrangement should be concentrated , where each application
in the association can be worked by a solitary CI/CD server , so in association
there might be various types of utilization like java, c#,.NET and so forth,
likewise with microservices approach your programming stack is inexactly coupled
for the task , so you can have Labeled in every hub and select the choice Only
assembled employments while name coordinating this hub, so when a manufacture is
planned with the mark of the hub present in it, it hangs tight for next agent in
that hub to be accessible, despite the fact that there are different agents in
hubs.

Q103) What is the utilization of Blueocean in Jenkins?

Blue Ocean reconsiders the client experience of Jenkins. Planned from the beginning
for Jenkins Pipeline, yet at the same time good with free-form occupations, Blue
Ocean diminishes mess and builds lucidity for each individual from the group.

It gives complex UI to recognize each phase of the pipeline and better pinpointing
for issues and extremely rich Pipeline editorial manager for apprentices.

Q104) What is the callback modules in Ansible, give a few instances of some
callback modules?
Callback modules empower adding new practices to Ansible when reacting to
occasions. Of course, callback modules control a large portion of the yield you see
when running the direction line programs, however can likewise be utilized to
include an extra yield, coordinate with different apparatuses and marshall the
occasions to a capacity backend. So at whatever point a play is executed and after
it creates a few occasions, that occasions are imprinted onto Stdout screen, so
callback module can be put into any capacity backend for log preparing.
Model callback modules are ansible-logstash, where each playbook execution is
brought by logstash in the JSON group and can be incorporated some other backend
source like elasticsearch.

Q105) What are the scripting dialects can be utilized in DevOps?

As with scripting dialects, the fundamental shell scripting is utilized to
construct ventures in Jenkins pipelines and python contents can be utilized with
some other devices like Ansible , terraform as a wrapper content for some other
complex choice unraveling undertakings in any mechanization as python is more
unrivaled in complex rationale deduction than shell contents and ruby contents can
likewise be utilized as fabricate ventures in Jenkins.

Q106) What is Continuous Monitoring and why checking is basic in DevOps?

DevOps draws out each association capacity of fabricate and discharge cycle to be a
lot shorter with an idea of CI/CD, where each change is reflected into generation
conditions fastly, so it should be firmly observed to get client input. So the idea
of constant checking has been utilized to assess every application execution
progressively (at any rate Near Real Time) , where every application is produced
with application execution screen specialists perfect and the granular dimension of
measurements are taken out like JVM details and even practical savvy measurements
inside the application can likewise be spilled out progressively to Agents , which
thusly provides for any backend stockpiling and that can be utilized by observing
groups in dashboards and cautions to get persistently screen the application.

Q107) Give a few instances of persistent observing instruments?

Where numerous persistent observing instruments are accessible in the market, where
utilized for an alternate sort of use and sending model

Docker compartments can be checked by consultant operator, which can be utilized by

Elasticsearch to store measurements (or) you can utilize TICK stack (Telegraph,
influxdb, Chronograph, Capacitor) for each framework observing in NRT(Near Real
Time) and You can utilize Logstash (or) Beats to gather Logs from framework , which
thusly can utilize Elasticsearch as Storage Backend can utilize Kibana (or) Grafana
as visualizer.

The framework observing should be possible by Nagios and Icinga.

Q108) What is docker swarm?

Gathering of Virtual machines with Docker Engine can be grouped and kept up as a
solitary framework and the assets likewise being shared by the compartments and
docker swarm ace calendars the docker holder in any of the machines under the bunch
as indicated by asset accessibility

Docker swarm init can be utilized to start docker swarm bunch and docker swarm
joins with the ace IP from customer joins the hub into the swarm group.

Q109) What are Microservices, and how they control productive DevOps rehearses?
Where In conventional engineering , each application is stone monument application
implies that anything is created by a gathering of designers, where it has been
conveyed as a solitary application in numerous machines and presented to external
world utilizing load balancers, where the microservices implies separating your
application into little pieces, where each piece serves the diverse capacities
expected to finish a solitary exchange and by separating , engineers can likewise
be shaped to gatherings and each bit of utilization may pursue distinctive rules
for proficient advancement stage, on account of light-footed improvement ought to
be staged up a bit and each administration utilizes REST API (or) Message lines to
impart between another administration.
So manufacture and arrival of a non-hearty variant may not influence entire design,
rather, some usefulness is lost, that gives the affirmation to proficient and
quicker CI/CD pipelines and DevOps Practices.

Q110) What are the manners in which that a pipeline can be made in Jenkins?
There are two different ways of a pipeline can be made in Jenkins

Scripted Pipelines:

Progressively like a programming approach

Explanatory pipelines:

DSL approach explicitly to make Jenkins pipelines.

The pipeline ought to be made in Jenkins record and the area can either be in SCM
or neighborhood framework.

Definitive and Scripted Pipelines are developed in a general sense in an unexpected

way. Explanatory Pipeline is a later element of Jenkins Pipeline which:

gives more extravagant linguistic highlights over Scripted Pipeline sentence

structure, and is intended to make composing and perusing Pipeline code simpler.

********************-Done till here ******************

Q111) What are the Labels in Jenkins and where it very well may be used?
Likewise with CI/CD arrangement should be incorporated , where each application in
the association can be worked by a solitary CI/CD server , so in association there
might be various types of use like java, c#,.NET and so forth, similarly as with
microservices approach your programming stack is inexactly coupled for the
undertaking , so you can have Labeled in every hub and select the alternative Only
assembled occupations while mark coordinating this hub, so when a fabricate is
booked with the name of the hub present in it, it sits tight for next agent in that
hub to be accessible, despite the fact that there are different agents in hubs.

Q112) What is the utilization of Blueocean in Jenkins?

Blue Ocean reexamines the client experience of Jenkins. Planned starting from the
earliest stage for Jenkins Pipeline, yet at the same time good with free-form
occupations, Blue Ocean lessens mess and expands clearness for each individual from
the group.

It gives modern UI to recognize each phase of the pipeline and better pinpointing
for issues and rich Pipeline proofreader for fledglings.

Q113) What is the callback modules in ansible, give a few instances of some
callback modules?
Callback modules empower adding new practices to Ansible when reacting to
occasions. As a matter of course, callback modules control the greater part of the
yield you see when running the direction line programs, yet can likewise be
utilized to include an extra yield, coordinate with different instruments and
marshall the occasions to a capacity backend. So at whatever point a play is
executed and after it delivers a few occasions, that occasions are imprinted onto
Stdout screen, so callback module can be put into any capacity backend for log
handling.
Precedent callback modules are ansible-logstash, where each playbook execution is
gotten by logstash in the JSON position and can be incorporated some other backend
source like elasticsearch.

Q114) What are the scripting dialects can be utilized in DevOps?

As with scripting dialects, the fundamental shell scripting is utilized to assemble
ventures in Jenkins pipelines and python contents can be utilized with some other
instruments like Ansible.

Q115) For what reason is each instrument in DevOps is generally has some DSL
(Domain Specific Language)?
Devops is a culture created to address the necessities of lithe procedure, where
the advancement rate is quicker ,so sending should coordinate its speed and that
needs activities group to arrange and work with dev group, where everything can
computerize utilizing content based , however it feels more like tasks group than ,
it gives chaotic association of any pipelines, more the utilization cases , more
the contents should be composed , so there are a few use cases, which will be
sufficient to cover the requirements of light-footed are taken and apparatuses are
made by that and customization can occur over the device utilizing DSL to mechanize
the DevOps practice and Infra the board.

Q116) What are the mists can be incorporated with Jenkins and what are the
utilization cases?
Jenkins can be coordinated with various cloud suppliers for various use cases like
dynamic Jenkins slaves, Deploy to cloud conditions.

A portion of the cloud can be incorporated are

AWS
Purplish blue
Google Cloud
OpenStack
Q117) What are Docker volumes and what sort of volume ought to be utilized to
accomplish relentless capacity?
Docker volumes are the filesystem mount focuses made by client for a compartment or
a volume can be utilized by numerous holders, and there are distinctive sorts of
volume mount accessible void dir, Post mount, AWS upheld lbs volume, Azure volume,
Google Cloud (or) even NFS, CIFS filesystems, so a volume ought to be mounted to
any of the outer drives to accomplish determined capacity, in light of the fact
that a lifetime of records inside compartment, is as yet the holder is available
and if holder is erased, the information would be lost.

Q118) What are the Artifacts store can be incorporated with Jenkins?
Any sort of Artifacts vault can be coordinated with Jenkins, utilizing either shell
directions (or) devoted modules, some of them are Nexus, Jfrog.

Q119) What are a portion of the testing apparatuses that can be coordinated with
Jenkins and notice their modules?
Sonar module � can be utilized to incorporate testing of Code quality in your
source code.

Execution module � this can be utilized to incorporate JMeter execution testing.

Junit � to distribute unit test reports.

Selenium module � can be utilized to incorporate with selenium for computerization

testing.
Q120) What are the manufacture triggers accessible in Jenkins?
Fabricates can be run physically (or) either can naturally be activated by various
sources like

Webhooks- The webhooks are API calls from SCM, at whatever point a code is
submitted into a vault (or) should be possible for explicit occasions into explicit
branches.

Gerrit code survey trigger-Gerrit is an opensource code audit instrument, at

whatever point a code change is endorsed after audit construct can be activated.

Trigger Build Remotely � You can have remote contents in any machine (or) even AWS
lambda capacities (or) make a post demand to trigger forms in Jenkins.

Calendar Jobs-Jobs can likewise be booked like Cron occupations.

Survey SCM for changes � Where your Jenkins searches for any progressions in SCM
for the given interim, if there is a change, a manufacture can be activated.

Upstream and Downstream Jobs-Where a construct can be activated by another activity

that is executed already.

Q121) How to Version control Docker pictures?

Docker pictures can be form controlled utilizing Tags, where you can relegate the
tag to any picture utilizing docker tag <image-id> order. Furthermore, on the off
chance that you are pushing any docker center library without labeling the default
label would be doled out which is most recent, regardless of whether a picture with
the most recent is available, it indicates that picture without the tag and
reassign that to the most recent push picture.

Q122) What is the utilization of Timestamper module in Jenkins?

It adds Timestamp to each line to the comfort yield of the assemble.

Q123) Why you ought not execute an expand on ace?

You can run an expand on ace in Jenkins , yet it isn�t prudent, in light of the
fact that the ace as of now has the duty of planning assembles and getting
incorporate yields with JENKINS_HOME index, so on the off chance that we run an
expand on Jenkins ace, at that point it furthermore needs to manufacture
apparatuses, and workspace for source code, so it puts execution over-burden in the
framework, if the Jenkins ace accidents, it expands the downtime of your fabricate
and discharge cycle.

Q124) What do the main benefits of DevOps?

With a single team composed of cross-functional comments simply working in
collaboration, DevOps organizations container produce including maximum speed,
functionality, including innovation. Where continue special benefits: Continuous
software control. Shorter complexity to manage.

Q125) What are the uses of DevOps tools?

Gradle. Your DevOps device stack will need a reliable build tool.
Git. Git is one from the most successful DevOps tools, widely applied across the
specific software industry.
Jenkins. Jenkins is that go-to DevOps automation tool for many software community
teams.
Bamboo.
Docker.
Kubernetes.
Puppet Enterprise.
Ansible.
Q126) What is DevOps beginner?
DevOps is a society which supports collaboration between Development including
Operations Team to deploy key to increase faster in an automated & repeatable way.
In innocent words, DevOps backside is established as an association of development
and IT operations including excellent communication and collaboration.

Q127) What is the roles and responsibilities of the DevOps engineer?

DevOps Engineer manages with developers including the IT system to manage the code
releases. They are both developers cases become interested in deployment including
practice settings or sysadmins who convert a passion for scripting and coding more
move toward the development front where all can improve that planning from test and
deployment.

Q128) Which is the top DevOps tools? and it�s Which tools have you worked on?
Discover about the trending Top DevOps Tools including Git. Well, if you live
considering DevOps being a tool when, you are wrong! DevOps does not a tool or
software, it�s an appreciation that you can adopt for continuous growth. file and,
by practicing it you can simply coordinate this work among your team.

Q129) Explain the typical characters involved in DevOps?

Commitment to the superior level in the organization.
Need for silver to be delivered across the organization.
Version check software.
Automated tools to compliance to process.
Automated Testing
Automated Deployment
Q130) What are your expectations from a career perspective of DevOps?
To be involved in the end to end delivery method and the most important phase of
helping to change the manner so as to allow that development and operations teams
to go together also understand each other�s point of view.

Q131) What does configuration management under terms like infrastructure further
review some popular tools used?
In Software Engineering Software Configuration Management is a unique task about
tracking to make the setting configuration during the infrastructure with one
change. It is done for deploying, configuring and maintaining servers.

Q132) How will you approach when each design must to implement DevOps?
As the application is generated and deployed, we do need to control its
performance. Monitoring means also really important because it might further to
uncover some defects which might not have been detected earlier.

Q133) Explain about from Continuous Testing

From the above goal of Continuous Integration which is to take this application
excuse to close users are primarily providing continuous delivery. This backside is
completed out any adequate number about unit testing and automation testing. Hence,
we must validate that this system created and integrated with all the developers
that work as required.

Q134) Explain about from Continuous Delivery.

Continuous Delivery means an extension of Constant Integration which primarily
serves to make the features which some developers continue developing out on some
end users because soon as possible. During this process, it passes through several
stages of QA, Staging etc., and before for delivery to the PRODUCTION system.

Q135) What are the tasks also responsibilities of DevOps engineer?

In this role, you�ll work collaboratively including software engineering to use and
operate our systems. Help automate also streamline our procedures and processes.
Build also maintain tools for deployment, monitoring, including operations. And
troubleshoot and resolve problems in our dev, search and production environments.

Q136) What is defined DevOps engineer should know?

DevOps Engineer goes including developers and that IT staff to manage this code
releases. They live both developers who become involved through deployment
including web services or sysadmins that become a passion for scripting and coding
more move into the development design where only can develop this planning from
search also deployment.

Q137) How much makes any DevOps engineer make?

A lead DevOps engineer can get between $137,000 including $180,000, according to
April 2018 job data of Glassdoor. The common salary from any lead DevOps engineer
based at the Big Apple is $141,452.

Q138) What mean the specific skills required for a DevOps engineer?
While tech abilities are a must, strong DevOps engineers further possess this
ability to collaborate, multi-task, also always place that customer first. critical
skills that all DevOps engineer requirements for success.

Q139) What is DevOps also why is it important?

Implementing the new approach would take in many advantages on an organization. A
seamless collection up can be performed in the teams of developers, test managers,
and operational executives also hence they can work in collaboration including each
other to achieve a greater output on a project.

Q140) What is means by DevOps lifecycle?

DevOps means an agile connection between development including operations. It means
any process followed by this development because well because of help drivers clean
of this starting of this design to production support. Understanding DevOps means
incomplete excuse estimated DevOps lifecycle.

Tools for an efficient DevOps workflow. A daily workflow based at DevOps thoughts
allows team members to achieve content faster, be flexible just to both experiments
also deliver value, also help each part from this organization use a learning
mentality.

Q142) Can you make DevOps without agile?

DevOps is one about some key elements to assist you to achieve this. Can you do
agile software evolution without doing DevOps But managing agile software
development and being agile are a couple really different things.

Q143) What exactly defined is DevOps?

DevOps is all of bringing commonly the structure also process of traditional
operations, so being support deployment, including any tools, also practices of
traditional construction methods so as source control also versioning.

Q144) Need for Continuous Integration:

Improves the quality of software.
Reduction in time taken to delivery
Allows dev team to detect and locate problems early
Q145) Success factor for the Continuous Integration
Maintain Code Repository
Automate the build
Perform daily checkin and commits to baseline
Test in clone environment
Keep the build fast
Make it easy to get the newest deliverables
Q146) Can we copy Jenkins job from one server to other server?
Yes, we can do that using one of the following ways
We can copy the Jenkins jobs from one server to other server by copying the
corresponding jobs folder.
We can make a copy of the existing job by making clone of a job directory with
different names
Rename the existing job by renaming the directory
Q147) How can we create the backup and copy in Jenkins?
We can copy or backup, we need to backup JENKINS_HOME directory which contains the
details of all the job configurations, build details etc.

Q148) Difference between �poll scm� and �build periodically�

Poll SCM will trigger the build only if it detects the change in SCM, whereas Build
Periodically will trigger the build once the given time period is elapsed.

Q149) What is difference between docker image and docker container?

Docker image is a readonly template that contains the instructions for a container
to start.

Docker container is a runnable instance of a docker image

Q150) What is Application Containerization?

It is a process of OS Level virtualization technique used to deploy the application
without launching the entire VM for each application where multiple isolated
applications or services can access the same Host and run on the same OS.

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Q151) syntax for building docker image
docker build �f <filename> -t imagename:version

Q152) running docker image

docker run �dt �restart=always �p <hostport>:<containerport> -h <hostname> -v
<hostvolume>:<containervolume> imagename:version

Q153) How to log into a container

docker exec �it <containerID> /bin/bash

Q154) What is Puppet?

Puppet is a Configuration Management tool, Puppet is used to automate
administration tasks.

Q155) What is Configuration Management?

Configuration Management is the System engineering process. Configuration
Management applied over the life cycle of a system provides visibility and control
of its performance, functional, and physical attributesrecording their status and
in support of Change Management.

Q156) List the Software Configuration Management Features.

Enforcement
Cooperating Enablement
Version Control Friendly
Enable Change Control Processes
Q157) List out the 5 Best Software Configuration Management Tools.
CFEngine Configuration Tool.
CHEF Configuration Tool
Ansible Configuration Tool
Puppet Configuration Tool.
SALTSTACK Configuration Tool.
Q158) Why should Puppet be chosen?
It has good community support
Easy to Learn Programming Language DSL
It is open source
Q159) What is Saltstack?
SaltStack is based on Python programming & Scripiting language. Its also a
configuration tool.Saltstack works on a non-centralized model or a master-client
setup model. it provides a push and SSH methods to communicate with clients.

Q160) Why should Puppet to be chosen?

There are Some Reason puppet to be chosen.

Puppet is open source

Easy to Learn Programming Language DSL
Puppet has good community support
Q161) Advantages of VCS
Multiple people can work on the same project and it helps us to keep track of the
files and documents and their changes.
We can merge the changes from multiple developers to single stream.
Helps us to revert to the earlier version if the current version is broke.
Helps us to maintain multiple version of the software at the same location without
rewriting.
Q162) Advantages of DevOps
Below are the major advantages

Technical:

Continuous software delivery

Less Complexity
Faster Resolution
Business:

Faster delivery of the features

More stable operating environment
Improved communication and collaboration between various teams
Q163) Use cases where we can use DevOps
Explain the legacy / old procedures that are followed to develop and deploy
software
Problems of that approach
How can we solve the above issues using DevOps.
For the 1st and 2nd points, development of the application, problems in build and
deployment, problems in operations, problems in debugging and fixing the issues

For 3rd point explain various technologies we can use to ease the deployments, for
development, explain about taking small features and development, how it helps for
testing and issue fixing.

Q164) Major difference between Agile and DevOps

Agile is the set of rules/principles and guidelines about how to develop a
software. There are chances that this developed software works only on developer�s
environment. But to release that software to public consumption and deploy in
production environment, we will use the DevOps tools and Techniques for the
operation of that software.

In a nutshell, Agile is the set of rules for the development of a software, but
DevOps focus more on Development as well as Operation of the Developed software in
various environments.

Q165) What Are the Benefits Of Nosql?

Non-relationals and schema-less data models
Low latency and high performance
Highly scalable
Q166) What Are Adoptions Of Devops In Industry?
Use of the agile and other development processes and methods.
Demand for an increased rate of the production releases from application and
business.
Wide availability of virtuals and cloud infrastructure from both internal and
external providers;
Increased usage of the data center ,automation and configuration management tools;
Increased focus on the test automation and continuous integration methods;
Best practices on the critical issues.
Q167) How Is the Chef Used As a Cm Tool ?
Chef is the considered to be one of the preferred industry-wide CM tools. Facebook
migrated its an infrastructure and backend IT to the Chef platform, for example.
Explain how to the Chef helps you to avoid delays by automating processes. The
scripts are written in Ruby. It can integrate with a cloud-based platforms and
configure new systems. It provides many libraries for the infrastructure
development that can later to be deployed within a software. Thanks to its
centralized management system, one of the Chef server is enough to be used as the
center for deploying various policies.

Q168) Why Are the Configuration Management Processes And Tools Important ?
Talk about to multiple software builds, releases, revisions, and versions for each
other software or testware that is being developed. Move on to explain the need for
storing and maintaining data, keeping track of the development builds and
simplified troubleshooting. Don�t forget to mention that key CM tools that can be
used to the achieve these objectives. Talk about how to tools like Puppet,
Ansible, and Chef help in automating software deployment and configuration on
several servers.

Q169) Which Are the Some Of the Most Popular Devops Tools ?
The most popular DevOps tools included`
Selenium
Puppet
Chef
Git
Jenkins
Ansible
Q170) What Are the Vagrant And Its Uses?
Vagrant used to virtual box as the hypervisor for virtual environments and in
current scenario it is also supporting the KVM. Kernel-based Virtual Machine.

Vagrant is a tool that can created and managed environments for the testing and
developing software. Devops Training Free Demo

Q171) How to Devops Is Helpful To Developers ?

To fix the bug and implements new features of the quickly. It provides to the
clarity of communications among team members.

Q172) Name of The Popular Scripting Language Of the Devops ?

Python

Q173) List of The Agile Methodology Of the Devops?

DevOps is a process
Agile is the same as DevOps.
Separate group are framed.
It is problem solving.
Developers managing production
DevOps is the development-driven release management
Q174) Which Are The Areas of Devops Are Implemented?
Production Development
Creation of the productions feedback and its development
IT Operations development
Q175) The Scope For SSH ?
SSH is a Secure Shell which provides users with a secure, encrypted mechanism to
log into systems and transfer files.
To log out the remote machine and worked on command line.
To secure encrypted of the communications between two hosts over an insecure
network.
Q176) What Are The Advantages Of Devops With Respect To the Technical And Business
Perspective?
Technical benefits

Software delivery is continuous.

Reduces Complexity in problems.
Faster approach to resolve problems
Manpower is reduced.
Business benefits

High rate of delivering its features

Stable operating environments
More time gained to Add values.
Enabling faster feature time to market
Q177) What Are The Core Operations Of the Devops In Terms Of the Development And
Infrastructure ?
The core operations of DevOps

Application development
Code developing
Code coverage
Unit testing
Packaging
Deployment With infrastructure
Provisioning
Configuration
Orchestration
Deployment
Q178) What Are The Anti-patterns Of Devops?
A pattern is common usage usually followed. If a pattern of thecommonly adopted by
others does not work for your organization and you continue to blindly follow it,
you are essentially adopting an anti-pattern. There are myths about DevOps.

Some of them include

DevOps is a process
Agile equals DevOps
We need a separate DevOps group
Devops will solve all our problems
DevOps means Developers Managing Production
DevOps is Development-driven release management
DevOps is not development driven.
DevOps is not IT Operations driven.
We can�t do DevOps � We�re Unique
We can�t do DevOps � We�re got the wrong people
Q179) What are The Most Important Thing Devops Helps Us Achieve?
The most important thing that the DevOps helps us achieve is to get the changes
into production as quickly as possible while that minimizing risks in software
quality assurance and compliance. This is the primary objective of DevOps.
For example clear communication and better working relationships between teams
i.e. both of the Ops team and Dev team collaborate together to deliver good
quality software which in turn leads to higher customer satisfaction.

Q180) How Can Make a Sure New Service Is Ready For The Products Launched?
Backup System
Recovery plans
Load Balancing
Monitoring
Centralized logging
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Q181) How to All These Tools Work for Together?
Given below is a generic logical of the flow where everything gets are automated
for seamless delivery. However, its flow may vary from organization to the
organization as per the requirement.
Developers develop the code and this source code is managed by Version Control
System of the tools like Git etc.
Developers send to this code of the Git repository and any changes made in the code
is committed to this Repository.
Jenkins pulls this code from the repository using the Git plugin and build it using
tools like Ant or Maven.
Configuration managements tools like puppet deploys & provisions testing
environment and then Jenkins releases this code on the test to environment on which
testing is done using tools like selenium.
Once the code are tested, Jenkins send it for the deployment on production to the
server (even production server are provisioned & maintained by tools like puppet).
After deployment Its continuously monitored by tools like Nagios.
Docker containers provides testing environment to the test the build features.
Q182) Which Are The Top Devops Tools?
The most popular DevOps tools are mentioned below

Git Version Control System tool

Jenkins Continuous Integration tool
Selenium Continuous Testing tool
Puppet, Chef, Ansible are Configuration Management and Deployment tools
Nagios Continuous Monitoring tool
Docker Containerization tool
Q183) How to Devops Different From the Agile / Sdlc?
Agile are the set of the values and principles about how to produce i.e. develop
software.

Example if you have some ideas and you want to the turn those ideas into the
working software, you can use the Agile values are principles as a way to do that.
But, that software might only be working on developer�s laptop or in a test
environment. You want a way to quickly, easily and repeatably move that software
into the production infrastructure, in a safe and simple way. To do that you needs
are DevOps tools and techniques.

You can summarize by saying Agile of the software development methodology focuses
on the development for software but DevOps on the other hand is responsible for the
development as well as deployment of the software to the safest and most reliable
way to the possible. Here�s a blog that will give you more information of the
evolutions of the DevOps.

Q184) What Is The Need For Devops?

According to me, this should start by explaining the general market trend.
Instead of the releasing big sets of the features, companies are trying to see if
small features can be transported to their customers through a series of the
release trains. This have many advantages like quick feedback from the customers,
better quality of the software etc. which in turn leads to the high customer
satisfaction.

To achieve this, companies are required to

Increase deployment frequency

Lower failure rate of new releases
Shortened lead time between fixes
Faster mean time to recovery of the event of new release crashing
Q185) What is meant by Continuous Integration?
It�s the development practice that requires developers to integrate code into a
shared repository several times a day. Each check-in then verified by an automated
build, allowing teams to the detect problems early.

Q186) Mention some of the useful plugins in Jenkins.

Below, I have mentioned some important are Plugins:

Maven 2 project
Amazon EC2
HTML publisher
Copy artifact
Join
Green Balls
Q187) What is Version control?
Its the system that records changes are the file or set of the files over time so
that you can recall specific versions later.

Q188) What are the uses of Version control ?

Revert files back to a previous state. Revert to the entire project back to a
previous state.

Compare changes over time.

See who last modified the something that might to be causing a problem.

Who introduced an issue and when.

Q189) What are the containers?

Containers are the of lightweight virtualization, heavier than �chroot� but lighter
than �hypervisors�. They provide isolation among processes

Q190) What is meant by Continuous Integration?

It is a development practice that requires are developers to integrate code into
the shared repository several times a day.

Q191) What�s a PTR in DNS?

Pointer (PTR) record to used for the revers DNS (Domain Name System) lookup.

Q192) What testing is necessary to insure a new service is ready for production?
Continuous testing

Q193) What is Continuous Testing?

It is the process of executing on tests as part of the software delivery pipelines
to obtain can immediate for feedback is the business of the risks associated with
in the latest build.

Q194) What is Automation Testing?

Automation testing or Test Automation is a process of the automating that manual
process to test the application/system under test.
Q195) What are the key elements of continuous testing?
Risk assessments, policy analysis, requirements traceabilities, advanced analysis,
test optimisation, and service virtualisations

Q196) What are the Testing types supported by Selenium?

Regression testing and functional testing

Also Read>> Top Selenium Interview Questions & Answers

Q197) What is Puppet?

It is a Configuration Management tool which is used to the automate administration
of the tasks.

Q198) How does HTTP work?

The HTTP protocol are works in a client and server model like most other protocols.
A web browser using which a request is initiated is called as a client and a web
servers software which are the responds to that request is called a server. World
Wide Web Consortium of the Internet Engineering Task Force are two importants
spokes are the standardization of the HTTP protocol.

Q199) Describe two-factor authentication?

Two-factors authentication are the security process in which the user to provides
two means of the identification from separate categories of credentials.

Q200) What is git add?

adds the file changes to the staging area

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Q201) What is git commit?
Commits the changes to the HEAD (staging area)

Q202) What is git push?

Sends the changes to the remote repository

Q203) What is git checkout?

Switch branch or restore working files

Q204) What is git branch?

Creates a branch

Q205) What is git fetch?

Fetch the latest history from the remote server and updates the local repo

Q206) What is git merge?

Joins two or more branches together

Q207) What is git pull?

Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch (git fetch + git
merge)

Q208) What is git rebase?

Process of moving or combining a sequence of commits to a new base commit

Q209) What is git revert?

To revert a commit that has already been published and made public

Q210 What is git clone?

Ans: clones the git repository and creates a working copy in the local machine
Q211) What is the difference between the Annie Playbook book and the characters?
Roles

The characters are a restructured entity of a play. Plays are on playbooks.

A set of functions to accomplish the specific role. Maps between hosts and roles.

Example: Common, Winners. Example: site.yml, fooservers.yml, webservers.yml.

Q212) How do I see all the ansible_ variables list?

By naturally collecting �facts� about the machines, these facts can be accessed in
Playbooks and in templates. To see a list of all the facts about a computer, you
can run a �setup� block as an ad hoc activity:

Ansible -m system hostname

It will print a dictionary of all the facts available for that particular host.

Q213) What is Doctor?

Docax is a container technology that connects your application and all its
functions into the form of containers to ensure that you are running uninterrupted
in any situation of your use.

Q214) What is the Tagore film?

Tucker is the source of the dagger container. Or in other words, dagger pictures
are used to create containers.

Q215) What is the tooger container?

Dogger Container is a phenomenon of the film.

Q216) Do we consider Dev Devils as a smart way?

Of course, we !! The only difference between dynamic algorithms and DevObs is that
the dynamic process is implemented for the development section and activates both
DevOps development and functionality.

Q217) What are the benefits of using Git?

Data personality and copy

Get high

only one. A directory directory in the repository

High disk usage and network performance

Joint friendship

Git can use any kind of projects.

Q218) What is kernel?

A kernel, the software that can easily change the hardware interfaces of your
computer.

Q219) What is the difference between grep -i and grep -v?

I accept this value

L) ls | grep -i docker

Dockerfile
docker.tar.gz

ls | grep -v docker

Desktop

Dockerfile

Documents

Downloads

You can not find anything with name docker.tar.gz

Q220) You can define a specific location for the file

This feature is generally used to give the server a replacement location. Let me
tell you on the computer below and I want to create 1GB swap space,

dd if = / dev / zero = = / swapfile1 bs = 1G count = 1

Q221) What is the concept of sudo in Linux?

Pseudo is an application for Unix-and Linux-based systems that provide the ability
to allow specific users to use specific system commands in the system�s root
level.

Q222) What is Jenkins pipe?

Jenkins pipeline (or simply �tube�) is an additional package that supports and
activates continuous delivery tube in Jenkins.

Q223) How to stop and restart the toxin container?

Stop container: stop container container ID

Reboot the Tucker Container now: Docer Re-container ID

Q224) Which sites are running by Tagore?

Docax is running on Linux and Cloud platforms only:

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS +

Fedora 20+

RHEL 6.5+

CentOS 6+

Gentoo

ArchLinux

openSUSE 12.3+

CRUX 3.0+

Cloud:

Amazon EC2

Google Compute Engine

Microsoft Asur

Rackspace

Since support is not supported, do not work on Windows or Mac for token production,
yes, even on windows you can use it for testing purposes

Q225) What are the tools used for taxi networking?

We usually use karfs and taxi bear to do taxi networking.

Q226) What does Tucker write?

You would like to have a number of taxiers containers, and at that time you need to
create a file that creates a docer and type the command to make a taxi-up. It runs
all containers mentioned in the docer compose file.

Q227) What is a scrum?

Using scrime based on your complex software and product development task as small
particles, it uses reboots and additional procedures. Each replay is two weeks.
Scrum has three characters: product owner, scrum master and team

Q228) Purpose for SSH?

SSH is a secure shell that allows users to login to a secure, encrypted mechanism
into computers and transmitting files.Exit the remote machine and work on the
command line.

Protect encrypted communications between the two hosts on an unsafe network.

Q229) Are DevOps implemented?

Product development

Creating product feedback and its development

IT Activities Development.

Q230) Do you want to list the active modes of DevOps?

DevOps is a process

Like the active DevOps.

A separate group is configured.

This will solve the problem.

Manufacturers manufacturing production

DevOps is a development-driven output management

Q231) Do you list the main difference between active and DevOffice?
Agile:

There is something about dynamic software development

Devops:

DevOps is about software deployment and management.

DevOps does not replace the active or lean. By removing waste, by removing gloves
and improving regulations, it allows the production of rapid and continuous
products.

Q232) For the popular scripting language of DevOps?

Python

Q233) How does DevOps help developers?

To correct the defect and immediately make innovative attributes.

This is the accuracy of the coordination between the members of the group.

Q234) What is Vegand and its Uses?

Virtual virtual box has been used as a hyperversion for virtual environments and in
the current scenario it supports KVM. Kernel-based virtual machine

Vegant is a tool for creating and managing the environment for making software and
experiments. Tutorials Tutorial Free Demo

Q235) What is the main difference between Linux and Unix operating systems?
Unix:

It belongs to the multitasking, multiuser operating system family.

These are often used on web servers and workstations.

It was originally derived from AT & T Unix, which was started by the Bell Labs
Research Center in the 1970s by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and many others.

Operating systems are both open source, but the comparison is relatively similar to
Unix Linux.

Linux:

Linux may be familiar to each programming language.

These personal computers are used.

The Unix operating system is based on the kernel.

Q236) How can we ensure how to prepare a new service for the products launched?
Backup system

Recovery plans

Load balance

Tracking

Centralized record

Q237) What is the benefit of NoSQL?

Independent and schema-less data model

Low latency and high performance

Very scalable

Q238) What is the adoption of Devokos in the profession

1. Use of active and other developmental processes and methods.
An increased ratio of production output is required from use and business.
3. Virtual and Cloud Infrastructure Transfers from Internal and Outdoor Providers;

4. Increased use of data center, automation and configuration management tools;

5. Focusing on testing automation and serial coordination systems;

6. Best Practices in Important Problems

Q239) What are the benefits of NoSQL database on RDBMS?

Benefits:

ETL is very low

Support for structured text is provided
Changes in periods are handled
Key Objectives Function.
The ability to measure horizontally
Many data structures are provided.
Vendors may be selected.
Q240) The first 10 capabilities of a person in the position of DevOp should be.
The best in system administration

Virtualization experience

Good technical skills

Great script

Good development skills

Chef in the automation tool experience

People management

Customer service

Real-time cloud movements

Who�s worried about who

Q241) What is PTR in DNS?

The PNS (PTR) registration is used to turn the search DNS (Domain Name System).

Q242) What do you know about DevOps?

Your answer should be simple and straightforward. Start by explaining the growing
importance of DevOps in information technology. Considering that the efforts of the
developments and activities to accelerate the delivery of software products should
be integrated, the minimum failure rate. DevOps is a value-practical procedure in
which the design and performance engineers are able to capture the product level or
service life cycle across the design, from design and to the design level

Q243) Why was Dev�s so important in the past few years?

Before discussing the growing reputation of DevOps, discuss the current industry
scenario. The big players like Netflix and Facebook begin with some examples of how
this business can help to develop and use unwanted applications. Facebook�s
continuous use and coding license models, and how to measure it, while using
Facebook to ensure the quality of the experience. Hundreds of lines are implemented
without affecting ranking, stability and security. Dipops Training Course
Your next application must be Netflix. This streaming and on-the-video video
company follows similar procedures with complete automated processes and systems.
Specify user base of these two companies: Facebook has 2 billion users, Netflix
provides online content for more than 100 million users worldwide. Reduced lead
time between the best examples of bugs, bug fixes, runtime and continuous supplies
and the overall reduction of human costs.

Q244) What are some of the most popular DevOps tools?

The most popular DevOps tools include:

Selenium

Puppet

Chef

Git information

Jenkins

Ansible

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Q245) What is Version Control, and why should VCS use?

Define the control bar and talk about any changes to one or more files and store
them in a centralized repository. VCS Tools remembers previous versions and helps
to:

Make sure you do not go through changes over time.

Turn on specific files or specific projects to the older version.

Explore the problems or errors of a particular change.

Using VCS, developers provide flexibility to work simultaneously on a particular

file, and all changes are logically connected.

Q246) Is There a Difference Between Active and DevOps? If yes, please explain
As a DevOps Engineer, interview questions like this are very much expected. Start
by explaining the clear overlap between DevOps and Agile. Although the function of
DevOps is always synonymous with dynamic algorithms, there is a clear difference
between the two. Agile theories are related to the soft product or development of
the software. On the other hand, DevOps is handled with development, ensuring quick
turnaround times, minimal errors and reliability by installing the software
continuously.

Q247) Why are structural management processes and tools important?

Talk about many software developments, releases, edits and versions for each
software or testware. Describe the need for data storage and maintenance,
development of developments and tracking errors easily. Do not forget to mention
key CM tools that can be used to achieve these goals. Talk about how the tools,
such as buffet, aseat, and chef are useful in automating software deployment and
configuration on multiple servers.

Q248) How is the chef used as a CM tool?

Chef is considered one of the preferred professional CM Tools. Facebook has changed
its infrastructure and the Shef platform keeps track of IT, for example. Explain
how the chef helps to avoid delays by automating processes. The scripts are written
in ruby. It can be integrated into cloud-based platforms and configures new
settings. It provides many libraries for infrastructure development, which will
then be installed in a software. Thanks to its centralized management system, a
chef server is sufficient to use various policies as the center of ordering.

Q249) How do you explain the concept of �Infrastructure Index� (IAC)?

This is a good idea to talk about IAC as a concept, sometimes referred to as a
programming program, where the infrastructure is similar to any other code. The
traditional approach to managing infrastructure is how to take a back seat and how
to handle manual structures, unusual tools and custom scripts

Q250) List the essential DevOps tools.

Git information

Jenkins

Selenium

Puppet

Chef

Ansible

Nagios

Laborer

Monit

El-Elistorsch, Lestastash, Gibbon

Collectd / Collect

Git Information (Gitwidia)

Q251) What are the main characters of DevOps engineers based on growth and
infrastructure?
DevOps Engineer�s major work roles

Application Development

Developing code

Code coverage

Unit testing

Packaging

Preparing with infrastructure

Continuous integration

Continuous test

Continuous sorting

Provisioning
Configuration

Orchestration

Deployment

Q252) What are the advantages of DevOps regarding technical and business
perspective?
Technical Advantages:

Software delivery continues.

Problems reduce austerity.

Fast approach to solving problems

Humans are falling.

Business Benefits:

The higher the rate for its features

Fixed operating systems

It took too long to add values.

Run fast time for the market

Learn more about DevOps benefits from this information blog.

Q253) Purpose for SSH?

SSH is a secure shell that allows users to login to a secure, encrypted mechanism
into computers and transmitting files.

Exit the remote machine and work on the command line.

Protect encrypted communications between the two hosts on an unsafe network.

Q254) Which part of DevOps is implemented?

Product development

Creating product feedback and its development

IT Activities Development

Q255) List the DevOps�s active algorithm.

DevOps is a process

Like the active DevOps.

A separate group is configured.

This will solve the problem.

Manufacturers manufacturing production

DevOps is a development-driven output management

Q256) List the main difference between active and devOps.
Agile:

There is something about dynamic software development

Devops:

DevOps is about software deployment and management.

DevOps does not replace the active or lean. By removing waste, by removing gloves
and improving regulations, it allows the production of rapid and continuous
products.

Q257) For the popular scripting language of DevOps.

Python

Q258) How does DevOps help developers?

Correct the error and activate new features quickly.

It provides clarity of clarity between the members of the group.

Q259) What is the speed and its benefits?

Virtual virtual box has been used as a hyperversion for virtual environments and in
the current scenario it supports KVM. Kernel-based virtual machine

Vegant is a tool for creating and managing the environment for making software and
experiments.

Q260) What is the use of Anuj?

It is mainly used for information technology infrastructure to manage or use
applications for remote applications. We want to sort an app on the nodes of 100 by
executing one command, then the animation is actually in the picture, but you need
to know or run some knowledge on the animated script.