Metric Measure of Length

Metric Measure of Length
Measurement of something from its one end to the other is called its length. The standard unit of
length is meter. We use different units to measure different lengths. Millimeter, centimeter , decimeter
are smaller unit used to measure smaller distance, meter is used to measure average distance,
whereas units like decameter, hectometer and kilometer are used to measure longer distance. All
these units are related to each other.
Changing Metric Units of Length
When we move from one metric unit to another to the right in the above metric chart, the value
of metric unit becomes ten times smaller i.e. one tenth and when we move from one metric unit
to another to the left in the metric chart, the value of metric unit becomes ten times bigger.
We consider meter as the basic unit of length.
1 Decameter (dam) = 10 times meter
1 Hectometer (hm) = 100 times meter
1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 times meter
1 Decimeter (dm) = 1/10 of meter
1 centimeter (cm) = 1/100 of meter
1 millimeter (mm) = 1/1000 of meter
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Conversion of measures from higher to lower units
We always multiply when we change higher unit to lower unit.
Example 1: Change 4km into meters
1km =1000m
Therefore, 4 x 1000m = 4000m
Example 2: Change 25m into centimeters
1m = 100cm
Therefore, 25 x 100cm = 2500cm
Conversion of measures from lower to higher units
We always divide when we change lower unit to higher unit.
Example 1: Change 6000m to kilometer
1000m = 1km
Therefore, 6000 ÷ 1000 = 6km
Addition and Subtraction
Step1: Write the units on the top.
Step2: Write the numbers in proper place below the units. Write zero in empty place.
Example 1: Add 45km 34m and 34km 5m
Example 2: Subtract 15km 30m from 35km 45m
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Multiplication involving units of measurement
Example 1: Multiply 23 m 60cm by 5
Division involving units of measurement
Example 1: Divide 484m 60cm by 4
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Metric Measure of Weight
Measurement of the heaviness of a person or thing is called weight. The standard unit of weight is
kilogram. We commonly use grams and kilograms to measure weight. Milligram, centigram, decigram
are smaller unit used to measure lighter things, gram is the basic unit of weight, whereas units like
decagram, hectogram and kilogram are used to measure heavier things. All these units are related to
each other.
When we move from one metric unit to another to the right in the above metric chart,
the value of metric unit becomes ten times smaller i.e. one tenth and when we move
from one metric unit to another to the left in the metric chart, the value of metric unit
becomes ten times bigger.
We consider gram as the basic unit of weight.
1 Decagram (dag) = 10 times gram
1 Hectogram (hg) = 100 times gram
1 Kilogram (kg) = 1000 times gram
1 Decigram (dg) = 1/10 of gram
1 centigram (cg) = 1/100 of gram
1 milligram (mg) = 1/1000 of gram
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Example 1: Change 9kg into grams
1kg =1000g
Therefore, 9 x 1000g = 9000g
Example 2: Change 5g into centigrams
1g = 100cg
Therefore, 5 x 100cg = 500cg
Example 1: Change 4000g to kilogram
1000g = 1kg
Therefore, 4000 ÷ 1000 = 4kg
Example 1: Add 41kg 36g and 24kg 3g
Example 2: Subtract 10kg 39g from 14kg 39g
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Example 1: Multiply 44 g 11cg by 5
Example 1: Divide 84g 40cg by 4
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Metric Measure of Capacity
The maximum amount that something can hold is called capacity. The standard unit of capacity is
liter. We use different units to measure different capacity. Milliliter, centiliter , deciliter are smaller unit
used to measure smaller capacity, liter is commonly used to measure capacity, whereas units like
decaliter, hectoliter and kiloliter are used to measure larger capacity. All these units are related to
each other.
When we move from one metric unit to another to the right in the above metric chart,
the value of metric unit becomes ten times smaller i.e. one tenth and when we move
from one metric unit to another to the left in the metric chart, the value of metric unit
becomes ten times bigger.
We consider liter as the basic unit of capacity.
1 Decaliter (dal) = 10 times liter
1 Hectoliter (hl) = 100 times liter
1 Kiloliter (kl) = 1000 times liter
1 Deciliter (dl) = 1/10 of liter
1 centiliter (cl) = 1/100 of liter
1 milliliter (ml) = 1/1000 of liter
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Example 1: Change 6kl into liters
1kl =1000l
Therefore, 6 x 1000l = 6000l
Example 2: Change 45l into centiliters
1l = 100cl
Therefore, 45 x 100cl = 4500cl
Example 1: Change 8000l to kilo liter
1000l = 1kl
Therefore, 8000 ÷ 1000 = 8l
Example 1: Add 40kl 34l and 23kl 3l
Example 2: Subtract 40kl 34l from 70kl 64l
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Example 1: Multiply 33 l 30ml by 2
Example 1: Divide 484l by 4
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Metric Measure of Length

Changing Metric Units of Length

We consider meter as the basic unit of length.

1 Decameter (dam) = 10 times meter

1 Hectometer (hm) = 100 times meter

1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 times meter

1 Decimeter (dm) = 1/10 of meter

1 centimeter (cm) = 1/100 of meter

1 millimeter (mm) = 1/1000 of meter

We always multiply when we change higher unit to lower unit.

Example 1: Change 4km into meters

Therefore, 4 x 1000m = 4000m

Example 2: Change 25m into centimeters

Therefore, 25 x 100cm = 2500cm

Conversion of measures from lower to higher units

We always divide when we change lower unit to higher unit.

Example 1: Change 6000m to kilometer

Therefore, 6000 ÷ 1000 = 6km

Addition and Subtraction

Step1: Write the units on the top.

Example 1: Add 45km 34m and 34km 5m

Example 2: Subtract 15km 30m from 35km 45m

Example 1: Multiply 23 m 60cm by 5

Division involving units of measurement

Example 1: Divide 484m 60cm by 4

We consider gram as the basic unit of weight.

1 Decagram (dag) = 10 times gram

1 Hectogram (hg) = 100 times gram

1 Kilogram (kg) = 1000 times gram

1 Decigram (dg) = 1/10 of gram

1 centigram (cg) = 1/100 of gram

1 milligram (mg) = 1/1000 of gram

We always multiply when we change higher unit to lower unit.

Example 1: Change 9kg into grams

Therefore, 9 x 1000g = 9000g

Example 2: Change 5g into centigrams

Therefore, 5 x 100cg = 500cg

Conversion of measures from lower to higher units

We always divide when we change lower unit to higher unit.

Example 1: Change 4000g to kilogram

Therefore, 4000 ÷ 1000 = 4kg

Addition and Subtraction

Step1: Write the units on the top.

Example 1: Add 41kg 36g and 24kg 3g

Example 2: Subtract 10kg 39g from 14kg 39g

Example 1: Multiply 44 g 11cg by 5

Division involving units of measurement

Example 1: Divide 84g 40cg by 4

We consider liter as the basic unit of capacity.

1 Decaliter (dal) = 10 times liter

1 Hectoliter (hl) = 100 times liter

1 Kiloliter (kl) = 1000 times liter

1 Deciliter (dl) = 1/10 of liter

1 centiliter (cl) = 1/100 of liter

1 milliliter (ml) = 1/1000 of liter

We always multiply when we change higher unit to lower unit.

Example 1: Change 6kl into liters

Therefore, 6 x 1000l = 6000l

Example 2: Change 45l into centiliters