Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Technology evolves in a rapid level. It makes the activities more

convenient for everyone especially for the students.

Digital world is where people are connected throughelectronic or what we call

digitaldevices which is convenient to everyone. It is filled with insights,

information, ideas, edification, and opportunities and internet connection makes

all of these possible. It improves a student and helps him to be more

independent where anything he wants to know can be found on the internet, it

prepares the students to face a more advanced society in the future when it

comes to technology, it may also lessen expenses since production of books will

not be needed, and digital world may create a more fun learning.

Library is like a digital world too, however it is physical. It includes books,

newspapers, periodicals, manuscripts, maps etc. Though nostalgic, libraries are

considered as necessities of life according to Henry Ward Beecher. Information

from the libraries is more accurate and reliable. Traditional library is

characterized by emphasis on storage and preservation of physical items,

particularly books and periodicals, cataloging at a high level rather that one of

detail, browsing based on physical proximity of related materials, information is

physically assembled in one place; users must travel to the library to learn what

is there and make use of it. By contrast, digital devices differs from above as it

1
offers information through emphasis on access to digitized materials wherever

they may be located, with digitizing eliminating the need to own or store a

physical item cataloging down to individual words or glyphs browsing based on

hyperlinks, keyword, or any defined measure of relatedness; materials on the

same subject do not need to be near one another in any physical sense

broadcast technology; users need not visit a digital library except electronically;

from them the library exist at any place they can access it. (Reddy, 1999)

The researchers include the librarians and the teachers as well. It is to observe

and study what's the effect and feeling of being in a digital world while

witnessing the changes made by technology to the study habits of their students.

How they adapt on it and what is their views and opinions when comparing

library to digital world.

This study presents data of how many, how often and who among the

high school students of SPNHS use their gadgets to do their assignments and

who are still using books in the library as their reference for their assignments. It

presents data which is more convenient and reliable source of information. As

what the Greek philosopher, Heraclitus, stated “the only thing that is constant is

change,” and for the researchers it may be a positive or negative one. The

researchers will find it out by comparing the efficiency of the books from library

and technology to the study habits of students.

2
Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study was to find out what senior high school

students prefer on accomplishing their school-related tasks or activities;

information from the library or information from the internet. Specifically, it

sought to answer the following questions:

1. Between internet using digital devices and library, what do grade 11 students

prefer morein doing their related activities?

2. What are the advantages of using internet?

3.Whataretheadvantagesofusinglibrary?

Hypothesis:

Electronic or digital devices is more preferred by students rather than

library when doing school works, activities, assignmentsand reports.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study sought to compare which of the two- Internet and the Library,

specifically the traditional one, has more advantages and to find out what Grade

eleven students from SapangPalay National High School (SPNHS), in the Division

of City of San Jose del Monte School Year 2017-2018prefer to use in

accomplishing their school related activities. It is to observe and study the

atmosphere they feel in a digital world.

3
Significance of the Study

With the findings of this study, it is hoped that the digital devices and the

library facilities will be improved as well as the services offered. In particular, this

study is beneficial to the following:

Students.This study may be a great help to students. This will make the

students realize the advantages if they use internet or internet capable devices

or library in accomplishing their school-related activities.

Teachers.The teachers may be encouraged to improve and adopt better

teaching methods if they know the difference or the advantages of digital

devices and library. The quality of education they offer may increase as they

understand these advantages and differences deeper.

Researchers.This study may serve as a stimulus for other researchers in

pursuing and conducting further studies by using not only the variables in this

study but also the other variables which arouse on their minds as they explore

this study that will contribute to better achievement and more successful

educational facilities. Result of this study may serve as a reference in the

conduct of similar studies.

Government.The findings of this study may help the government be

wise on allocating funds through the realizations that may come up in their

minds.

4
Conceptual Framework

5
Definition of Terms

Digital library a digital library is a collection of document in organized

electronic form. Available on the internet or on cd-rom disks. Depending on the

specific library, a user may be able to access magazines article, books, papers,

images,sound files, and videos.

Internet a global computer network providing a variety of information and

communication facilities, consisting of inter connected network using

standardized communication protocols.

Internet capable devices ready to utilize the internet, (now) specifically (of a

computer device,system,etc.) Designed or able to connect to the internet.

Online library is an electronic bibliography database that describes the books,

videotapes, periodicals, etc.

6
Traditional library-is commonly defined as a physical space emphasizing

physical collection, and is often invoked as a counterpoint to the "modern" or

"digital" library.

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature

According to Krista Garcia of Rappler Philippines (21 March 2016), the

Department of Education (DepEd) recognizes the key role of information and

communications technology (ICT) in improving the state of education. It is

because, internet has a large capacity to store infinite numbers of resources that

are accessible for students.

She mentioned that by using only a single laptop and projector can be

used as a learning tool inside the classroom. Books, modules can be accessed

online and students can also submit their assignments to their teachers online.

7
 Garcia also stated that teachers can also benefit from learning tools that

do not require traditional logistics and multiple materials. The example of this is

the Learning Resources Management Development System (LRMDS) launched by

DepEd. It is a portal for online teaching and learning materials created by

teachers and education partners.

The British Council of the Philippines (2017) published an article entitled

"Why do we still need libraries in the digital age?". It was discussed in the article

that libraries have always been at the heart of the communities they serve. They

are accessible and providing huge resources of information and knowledge.

However, it is said that, today, public libraries are at a turning point. In the 21st

century, the way we access and consume information has changed dramatically.

It is also mentioned that because of the advent of new technologies, reading

habits has changed. To prevent this to happen, public libraries need to be brave

and innovative. They must embrace both the physical and virtual.

Digitization: Pros and Cons by Milsgros Santos-Ong (28 April 2006) implies

that to meet user expectations, libraries must provide the best services to its

users or clientle and their collection must be updated. She mentioned that in

today's challenge, we must not only update the collection but also provide better

access to information through the new information highway. Digitization in

libraries today, according to her is probably the best response today for a faster

delivery of information to its users via internet.

8
 To prove that digitization can be a helpful way in improving the access for

information, she mentioned that in developed countries like the United States,

digitization of information in libraries is not new. What is new is the digitization

of materials, books, manuscripts, etc. housed in library collections. This started

in December 2004 when Google announced the Google Print Library which will

digitize print materials from the collection of five major libraries – Harvard

University, Stanford University, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, the

University of Oxford and the New York Public Library.

Even though we are now living in a modernized world, the council on

library and information resources ( 7 September 2013) believes that libraries still

play a vital role in a digital age. To explain it briefly, they classified it in different

sections.

Collection Development

In a collection development section, libraries bought books that can be

useful not only in the present time but also in the future so preservation is also

practiced. They select content appropriate to the community that is accessible.

According to them, these discrete functions have been viewed as necessary

components of good collection stewardship, and they have obvious definition in a

physical context. Libraries bought books (which they then owned), organized

them, made them available through library facilities, and took steps to ensure

the longevity of the volumes for future use.

9
 They have the concept of stewardship model. This full stewardship model

is being followed in the digital arena. Libraries acquire and secure ownership of

digital content (typically through license), store the content on local servers, and

make it accessible to a target community.

Libraries attempt, as protocols permit, to ensure long-term access to the digital

collection through license conditions and the appropriate or sustainable.

Federation

Increasingly, the capabilities of the distributed environment prompt an

unbundling of the discrete component functions of traditional collection

development and management responsibilities. Models in which the library

retains central control over content, its access, and its longevity may no longer

be appropriate or sustainable. Consequently, we see instances of libraries

providing access to electronic content that they neither own nor manage. The

library may also preserve and archive content that is not accessible to users.

An interesting illustration of this unbundling of collection functions can be

found in a model of collection federation. These efforts typically create structures

with both decentralized and centralized responsibilities. Federated systems allow

distributed content to be brought together and used as an integrated collection.

Individual content managers retain ownership and governance over each discrete

collection, but the content is made accessible under the principles of the larger

federating system. The University of Michigan Library's Image Services provides

a good example. This program offers mechanisms to integrate image content

10
(e.g., photographs, art, or architecture) from independent providers and to

represent it in a larger access system. The collection providers retain control,

managing the individual image collections in a variety of different local database

systems. Differing types of descriptive metadata are used for each collection, but

each is converted to a standard encoding (using SGML or XML), and fields are

mapped to minimal Dublin Core metadata in the federating system.

Library as Publisher

As a second example of new paradigms for the library's role in collection

development, we see libraries becoming more engaged in the publishing process,

including content presentation, management, and distribution policies and

practices. This moves the library closer to the point of creation and distribution in

the publishing process and broadens its functions beyond archiving and

mediation for published works.

There are several variations on the theme of library-as-publisher. In some

instances (e.g., Stanford University's HighWire Press or Johns Hopkins

University's Project MUSE), the focus has been on providing robust distribution

services for established society and university presses. Other enterprises, such as

the California Digital Library's e-Scholarship program, serve more as incubators,

providing tools and services to facilitate innovation in publishing, particularly e-

print or similar repositories. The content creators and producers are within the

University of California system, where they may serve institutional interests as

well. Finally, there are examples such as the Electronic Publishing Initiative at

11
Columbia (EPIC), where the partner organizations exercise direct control over

content, pricing, and distribution in a classic publishing model.

Information Access

Organizing and providing access to information is another classic role of

libraries. The twin functions of cataloging and classification have allowed

published works to be fixed in a framework of knowledge and to be given

multiple access points for retrieval—a combination that has supported general

inquiry over time. These functions have brought predictability and a cumulative

order to vast amounts of material. As protocols for structuring and sharing

bibliographic data were developed for automated systems and networks, libraries

have been able to share these data and build more flexible access systems. In

many respects, bibliographic utilities such as OCLC and RLIN and the model of

shared cataloging represent early, primitive models of distributed and open

approaches to library functions. As distributed forces prevail, models are

emerging that no longer rely on central data and capabilities, but rather harness

resources through new, distributed mechanisms.

Traditional access activities have been largely undifferentiating and

unintrusive; that is, all materials added to libraries have generally had the same

descriptive treatment and the functionality or structure of the works themselves

have not been materially altered by these processes. As new types of digital

content emerge that are structured, include multimedia, and encompass

12
associative links to other resources, it is unlikely that these classic techniques for

access can suffice.

Communities and Collaboratories

Metadata developments generally reflect an extension of cataloging practices to

new dimensions of content and access. Libraries are seeking to understand how

these new access strategies might better serve target user communities. In

particular, libraries now analyze how content should be represented to achieve

the desired functionality within access systems. Assessing functionality

increasingly requires an understanding of how content is used, and by whom.

For example, metadata for a collection of plant or animal specimens might

incorporate scientific as well as popular names to serve both research

investigators and K12 users. Or a research user may need to map specimen data

for geographic analysis, thus requiring the specification and inclusion of spatial

references.

Access and the Semantic Web

A second example of new dimensions of access—an exploration of the

emerging Semantic Web—is still in a formative stage.

The creator of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee, is the intellectual force

behind the Semantic Web as well. Berners-Lee notes, "the Semantic Web is not a

separate Web but an extension of the current one, in which information is given

well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in

cooperation" (Berners-Lee 2001). The Semantic Web brings together metadata,

13
a language to structure the data, and a road map (or ontology, as known in the

artificial intelligence community) that explains relationships between terms.

These ingredients for knowledge representation—structured content, rich

metadata, and a framework or ontology of relationships—allow software agents

in computer systems to make inferences and therefore retrieve more intelligently

from the vast body of distributed information on the Internet.

Designing the Semantic Web will require a mix of skills, and librarians

have the potential to contribute significantly to this effort. One area in which

they may become involved is metadata creation, where librarians' expertise in

descriptive techniques has obvious relevance. The more complex arena of

ontologies—defining relationships between entities such as classes and

subclasses or properties and subproperties—is one in which librarians have latent

experience in areas such as thesaurus development. Primarily the domain of

computer scientists, ontologies and their specification could involve the library

community in more multidimensional description, defining and specifying the

logic of relationships between metadata elements and objects, e.g., "This

document is a digital manifestation of a print object."

User Services

Library user services have traditionally focused on collections support (i.e.,

helping users identify, retrieve, and use resources) or educational activities to

help patrons use their libraries more effectively. These activities have largely

been distinct; for example, reference services respond to individuals with specific

14
questions, and instructional programs target classes with general educational

needs. The analysis that follows provides examples of more distributed

approaches to user services that reflect the development of complex and

integrating systems of support.

Evidence of changing user behavior has been documented but is not fully

understood. Academic libraries have reported declining in-library attendance and

declining use of in-library services such as reference and circulation, although

some are experiencing increases in instructional activity (Kyrillidou and Young

2001). Other data indicate a rise in the use of and preference for electronic

content (Self and Hiller 2001). Institutional instructional management systems

are offering alternative venues for course reserve materials, and the use of

traditional course reserve methods has declined. While the profession has yet to

analyze fully the relationship among these trends, they suggest increased

location-independent use of library and non-library content and heightened

interest in acquiring the skills needed to make better use of the myriad systems

and services now available on the network. Course-management systems also

reflect the increasing desire for services that integrate resources (e.g., syllabi,

readings, lecture notes, chat capabilities). These shifts in user behavior and

interests prompt the library both to extend traditional services in the networked

environment and to consider the broader set of user needs to be addressed in

systems of user support.

Virtual Reference Systems

15
 The past decade has seen a rise in reference services to support more

virtual inquiry. Whereas, initially, the library mainly served remote users who

were affiliated with the institution, it eventually came to serve a more global

market. Virtual reference methods began with simple communication exchanges,

such as reference via e-mail. They now incorporate tools that allow reference

librarians to more fully understand the nuance of the reference interview context

(e.g., using video technology to capture nonverbal behaviors) or to provide real-

time assistance with electronic resources (e.g., through "chat" functions and

through technologies to "capture" the user's workstation and guide or "co-

browse" networked resources).

Information Literacy

Instruction—helping people use library resources more effectively through

directed and structured educational activities—is another core service that

libraries have traditionally offered users. (Such support has been geared

typically, although not exclusively, to undergraduate students.) In the digital age,

putting bounds around "library resources" has become a daunting task.

Moreover, the instructional needs of users have changed dramatically as new

methods for teaching and learning have emerged.

Organizational Models

As libraries have become more distributed and more collaborative on their

campuses, some interesting organizational models have emerged that involve

16
librarians more directly in academic program development. Several of these

programs have characteristics that recall the clinical librarian models developed

in the last several decades. 7 For example, Stanford's Academic Technology

Specialist Program has created discipline-specific appointments that emphasize

providing assistance onsite within academic departments (Keller 1997).

Combining subject and technology expertise, these professionals are vital links

between academic programs and central curatorial or computing staff resources.

The University of Michigan's recently launched Field Librarian program similarly

joins subject knowledge, technology, and library expertise. The appointments are

developed collaboratively with academic programs, and the field librarians are

physically located within the academic department to facilitate their direct

engagement in faculty teaching and research.

Library as Place

The library has a continued role as place. In the past, this function has

been characterized as a location for individuals and information to interact—a

place for users to tap collections or for library staff to bring users and

information together. The physicality of libraries and their collections is an often-

cited value. The ability to browse and experience the gestalt of an array of

resources has been a time-honored technique for inquiry, and the physical

experience of books, maps, or manuscripts is important for many. Library

facilities also serve a social function, providing a common ground for users to

17
interact or a neutral site for individuals from different disciplines to come

together.

According to Cassandra Ifle of Leaf Group Ltd.technology became a big

factor the way Americans use libraries. Gathering of information online are

different than in a traditional library. Traditional libraries offer print and

electronic versions of books, magazines, research databases and newspapers,

but credible, trustworthy and reliable information also can be obtained

electronically using online libraries. In most cases, information access generally

depends on your preferences.

In traditional libraries, different books, magazines and other information

sources can be found even the online published books.

She also stated that in a traditional library, you will not only found ordinary or

common books. There are many traditional libraries have special collections.

Special collections are distinctive and include items such as rare books, archives

and special manuscripts. For instance, the W.E.B. DuBois special collection

housed at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee, contains original manuscripts

of DuBois' books and materials related to his work at the NAACP. The Atlanta-

Fulton County Public Library System has the Georgia History Collection, which

features materials associated with the history and culture of Atlanta, Georgia,

and the Southeast in general.

18
 On the other side, online library users have the opportunity to connect

with librarians via chat or email services wherever an internet connection is

available. They have this service named "the Ask a Librarian service", wherein

customers chat with librarians about specific topics during certain times of day.

Joyce B. Radcliff (Serials Librarian)

The Internet is not a substitute for the library, but a search tool to be

used in addition to traditional sources in the library.

According to Joyce B. Radcliff (Serials Librarian, 20 July 2017), there are ten

good reasons to use the library than internet. The statements below explains the

edges of library to internet and why it is more commendable to use library than

depending too much to the use of internet.

1. Everything Is Not On the Internet. According to the ALA's report, only 8% of

journals and books can be obtain on the internet. It only published a small

percentage of The Internet consists of a small percentage of what’s published.

2. The Internet Is Not Organized. Unlike in library, internet doesn’t have the

organized system or what we call in library a "catalog system" to organize the

resources. It is stated that when you search on the internet, you only searched

for the part of the internet and it doesn't direct you to the more specific topic.

On internet, searching is unclassified and can consume and waste a lot of time.

3. The Internet Doesn’t Have Quality Control. When talking on reliability, Radcliff

stated that anyone who can access the internet can publish a website that might

contained misinformed information.

19
4. Sources on the Internet are Harder to Identify. It implies that there are

websites that are editable and can change everytime making it hard to tell who,

what and where the location of information is.

5. Library Online Resources are Available 24/7. Online databases can be

accessed 24 hours a day 7 days a week from the library’s webpage. These

databases are in the library’s collection and can be accessed on campus and

remotely with your University ID via the Internet. This is not to be confused with

searching the Internet.

6. Tuition and Fees Pay for Library Use. Library resources are paid for with your

tuition and fees, so take advantage of it. Libraries provide free access to

scholarly books, journals, newspapers, encyclopedias, and other print reference

sources. A lot of information on the Internet is FREE, except scholarly materials.

A paid subscription is required to access.

7. Trained Professionals Available For Assistance. Knowledgeable and friendly

librarians are available to assist with locating information in person, chat, e-mail

or telephone. Request assistance at the beginning of your research and spare

valuable time spent on the Internet.

8. E-books are Available

E-books are full-text and searchable. Text can be searched automatically, and

cross-referenced using hyperlinks. Dictionaries, reference works, and some

textbooks, benefit from search and cross-reference capabilities.

20
9. The Internet Has Fewer Archival Materials. The library has older materials

than the Internet. Digitalization that goes back more than 10-15 years can be

difficult to locate on the Internet. The Internet provides more timely information,

and is constantly updated.

10. Does Library-less Universities Work. A virtual library cannot replace the

traditional library. To California libraries (Monterey and California Polytechnic

University) attempted this method, only to find out first hand that it can’t work.

They found out that everything is not on the Internet.

According to the essay of Cathy Jun (31 May 2013) libraries and internet

are major sources of information for students in doing their assignments and

academic works. Seeking information for their school activities is a big part of

their student's life so they always consider the reliability of the information in

order to excel in their studies.

She defines the library as a place where there are books, educational

magazines, newspapers and so on that can be borrowed by people to read on.

On the other side, she defines the internet as a computer network where

students can attain any kind of information by simply opening the network.

Cathy also stated in her essay that libraries and internet have many similar but

different aspects such as time, reliability and accessibility. In obtaining

information, library requires more time and energy to attain information

compared to the internet that has the capacity to store hundreds ir thousands of

21
books. When finding information through the books in library, students need

patient in order to find the information they need.

Cathy Jun also explained that libraries are divided into different categories

and sections that are helpful for students to find the books they are looking for.

On the other hand, she also said that learning and knowing how to utilize these

different sections are difficult for students. Thus, they are forced to get help

from the librarian who are often busy in accommodating other students and the

entire facility. Also, book catalogues are time consuming compared to the

internet that requires less time and effort to obtain the information they are

looking for. The students can simply connect to the internet and search for the

information they needed quickly.

Reliability is the other vital difference discussed by Cathy. It is important

for the students to make sure that their information and assignments are

accurately correct. She mentioned that books found in the libraries often

carefully select the materials that they provide. Librarians study and carefully

select the most reliable reading items.

On the other hand, internet has a lower level of reliability compared to the

libraries. It is easy for anyone to make a website and post what he or she thinks

on a particular subject. People can simply upload any kind of information they

want on the internet.

The other vital difference between library and internet is their

accessibility. Cathy discussed that libraries are more limited due to their

22
restrictions in the days that they open. The majority of libraries are close at

nights, on public holidays and has a limited collection of books. As a result,

students are sometimes unable to attain the book they read. She also mentioned

that some books in the libraries are updated. On the other side, internet is more

accessible 24 hours a day wherever as long as they have internet connection.

There is no restriction of when they should search for information. Everything

can be available on internet. The information is updated and recent than the

books in the libraries.

Despite of the similarities and differences, Cathy noted that students

should carefully note the advantages and disadvantages of library and internet,

also to utilize the appropriate mechanism to successfully accomplish their

academic works or activities.

Related Study

According to Matikas Santos (12 June 2017) of INQUIRER.net, more

Filipinos are now using Internet for news, information- study. She presented

different studies from TNS,a global research company showing that Filipinos rely

more on internet to gather information.

A study on 2012 conducted by TNS, a global research company stated

that more Filipinos are using digital media for news and information rather than

listening to radio or reading newspapers or magazines. Their study showed that

45 percent of Filipino respondents are connected to the Internet, 36 percent who

listened to radio, 12 percent who read newspapers, and 4 percent magazines.

23
Their study implies that the number of internet users increases by 12 percent

compared on 2011 that only have 36 percent. On the other hand, Filipinos who

listens to radio, read newspapers and magazines decreases that were at 22

percent.

Television remains the dominant medium of information with 89 percent

in 2012, up from 77 percent in 2011, the same study said.

The study was based on interviews with 72,000 consumers in 60 countries

worldwide from November 2011 to January 2012.

In the Philippines, TNS interviewed 1000 respondents throughout urban

areas from the ABCD socio-economic classes.

The study also showed that majority of Filipinos accessing the Internet

were teens and young adults, with 85 percent of Filipinos aged 16 to 20

accessing the Internet in the past four weeks, and 74 percent of Filipinos

between 21 and 24 accessing the Internet in the same period.

The study also showed that families of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs)

in the Philippines used the Internet as the primary communication medium with

81 percent, higher than mobile phones, 77 percent, and landline telephones, 24

percent.

Facebook is the primary social networking site used by 90 percent of

families of OFWs to keep in contact with their relatives abroad, the study

showed.

24
 The study also showed that Filipinos accessed the Internet mostly through

personal computers either at home, 50 percent, or at Internet cafes, 49 percent.

It also noted that there was an increasing number of people accessing the

Internet through mobile smartphones at 12 percent.

The internet vs. library: A college student perspective, a study done by

Rosalyn Eishen (21 October 2011) stated that eversince then, internet usage has

been steadily increasing while libraries have seen a decrease in a book stage.

According to Rosalyn Eishen, a study done in 2002 by Steve Jones and

Pew Internet Research Center implies that 73% of college students say they use

the internet more than the library when acquiring information.

From 2011, 21% or 1 of 5 students have not even bought a physical book such

as text books that are required in school. Rosalyn also mentioned that she asked

her friends on Facebook, “When did using the internet become the primary way

to research/ do assignments instead of using books in the library?? “ And my

sister replied, “When it stopped involving having to get dressed”. The internet is

convenient. College students like working in their pajamas (who doesn’t?). Some

college students even go so far as to say they couldn't live without the internet.

According to Cisco's report, 55 percent of college students and 62 percent of

young employees say they could “not live” without the Internet. And with the

multitudes of educational tools, more and more students will be relying on the

World Wide Web.

25
 According to PriyankarBhunia (20 January 2017) published a study and

article in open.gov entitled "Enhancing digital inclusion in Philippines through

Tech4ED centers in public libraries and internet cafes", Tech4ED or the

Technology for Education, Employment, Entrepreneurs, and Economic

Development Project is a digital inclusion initiative, aimed at providing affordable

or free-of-charge access for citizens in rural and underserved areas to various

communication resources, with focus on the internet.

Base on the report of International Telecommunications Union (ITU)

(2015), 20% of households in the Philippines have access to computer and only

26% of households have internet connection. The State of the Broadband Report

mentioned that Philippines is ranked 106th out of 191 countries with internet

penetration of 39.7 %. On 2016,another report was found that Philippines once

again had the lowest average connection speeds among surveyed countries or

regions in Asia-Pacific at 4.1 Mbps.According to this study if successfully

implemented, the Tech4ED project can tackle part of the access problem. At the

same time, DICT is looking to introduce a 5-year National Broadband Plan for the

Philippines (NBP) to ‘provide a clear direction for the Philippine government to

ensure that all Filipinos will reap the benefits of broadband, address challenges

and accelerate broadband deployment.’ The newly created DICT was directed to

draft the NBP by the President according to Secretary Rodolfo A. Salalima. The

plan has already been submitted to the President and is expected to be approve

by January 2017.

26
 Dilevko and Gottlieb (2002) conduct a web-based survey of

undergraduate library users at the University of Toronto. They find that while

undergraduate students typically begin assignments and essays using electronic

resources, traditional print resources (e.g., books and printed journals) remain

crucial components in their research because of their reliability and permanent

accessibility. Strouse (2004) shows that users (especially younger users) have

developed a clear preference for receiving information in electronic formats.

Liew, Foo, and Chennupati (2000) conduct a survey of 83 graduate

students to study their use and perceptions of electronic journals. They find that

a vast majority of graduate students (73%) prefer elec- tronic journals over print

journals. Commonly cited reasons include links to additional resources, searching

capability, currency, availability, and ease of access. Sathe, Grady, and Giuse

(2002) report that fellows, students, and residents favor electronic journals, and

faculty prefer print journals. Ease of access, ease of printing, and ease of

searching are among the most commonly cited reasons for preferring electronic

journals.In an investigation of the faculty electronic journal usage at the

University of Georgia, Smith (2003) re- ports that junior faculty tend to use

electronic resources more than senior faculty. Lenares (1999) finds that

convenience, timeliness, and the ability to search text are the most important

factors influencing faculty’s choice of electronic over print materials. On the other

hand, the ability to browse, portability, physical com- fort, and convenience are

the most important characteristics leading them to choose print over electronic

27
resources. Bonthron and other researchers (2003) examine the views of

academic staff and students at the University of Edinburgh on the advantages

and limitations of electronic journals. They find that ‘‘academic staff incorporate

electronic journal usage into their working patterns in different ways than

students and that these differences may affect attitudes towards support services

(library web pages, virtual learning environments) designed to promote

electronic journal usage.’’Users expectations of libraries and their patterns of

library use are changing as they find more information readily available from the

web.

Boyce, King, Montgomery, and Tenopir (2004) examined how electronic

journals are changing the reading patterns of scholars over the past decade.

Friedlander (2002) finds that ‘‘faculty and graduate students seem to expect a

hybrid environment of print and electronic re- sources, while undergraduates

seem more willing to live in a wholly online world.’’

Dillon and Hahn (2002) find that 70% of the faculty at the University of

Maryland want core journals in both print and electronic format. A report

released by the Pew Internet & American Life Project finds that 73% of college

students reported they use the Internet more than the library for research,

however, only 9% said that they still gather information the old-fashioned way

(Balas, 2003). Access to electronic resources not only influences the way

students and scholars conduct research, it also changes the way they use the

traditional library.

28
 Schaffner (2001) observes that: ‘‘on several occasions, students have

requested assistance in changing the focus of their research to a topic that could

be searched using only electronic sources.’’ The trend toward the exclusive use

of electronic resources should be cause for concern about the direction of

scholarship, since a wealth of research material is not now—and may never be—

available in electronic formats (Schaffner,2001).

Synthesis of Related Literature

Lenares (1999), Milsgros Santos-On (28 April 2006)and Krsta Garcia (21 March 2016)

stated that libraries must provid the best servces to its users or clientle and then

collection must be updated. Digitization in libraries today, according to her is probably

th best response today for a faster delivery of information to its users via internet. y

using only a single laptop and projectorcan be used as a learning tool inside the

classroom. Books, modules can be accessed online.Also, convenience, timeliness, and

the ability to search text are the most important factors influencing faculty’s

choice of electronic over print materials.

According to Joyce Radcliff (20 July 2017), Cathy Jun (31 May 2013, Dilevko and

Gottlieb (2002), Dillon and Hahn (2002),library is more commendable than internet.The

internet is not organized and not everything is on it. Reliability s a vital difference. Books

ound in the libraries often carefully select the materials that they provide. Librarians

29
study and carefully select the most reliable reading items. It is easy for anyone to make

a website and post what he or she thinks on a particular subject.

Traditional print resources such as books and printed jpurnals remain crucial

components in research because of their reliability and permanent accessibility. There

are students particularly college students still practice the traditional way of gathering

information in the tradional library. The wealth of research material is not now- and

may never be available in electronic formats.

Priyankar Bhunia (20 January 2017) and Matikas Santos (12 June 2017) mentioned in

their articles that Philippines still have problem in penetrating internet connection. On

2016, a report was found that Philippines once again had the lowest average

comnection spee among surveyed countries or region.However, Filipinos still rely more

on internet. Filipinos are using digital media for news and information rather than

listening to radio, reading newspapers or magazines.

According to Liew, Foo and Chennupati (2000), Sathe, Grady and Gluse (2002),

Friedlander and Bonthron (2003), ease of access, printing and searching are among the

most commonly cited reasons for preferring electronic journals in doing paperworks. It

was also been said that convenience are the most important characteristics leading

them to choose print over electronic resources.

On the other hand, Boyce, King, Montgomery and Tenopir (2004), and Rosaly

Eishen (21 October 2011) pointed out that eversince, internetusage as been a

30
decrease in a book stage. College students like working in their pajamas. Also, it

became a big factor on the reading pattern of students.

Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

ResearchDesign

The researchers used a quantitative analysis to find out which is better to

use and more dominating and also the advantages of using internet capable

31
devices or traditional library. Descriptive survey type of research design was

employed in this study. Quantitative analysis was used to interpret the results

using frequency counts and percentages to compare which is dominating in the

use of traditional library and digital devices

Population Sampling

The study was conducted at Sapang Palay National High School, City of San Jose

del Monte, Bulacan selecting 172 out 300 estimated population of grade 11

students from different sections in Senior High School. One section from different

strands of Academic track-Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), Accounting

and Business Management(ABM) and Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematics(STEM). The sample size of students was obtained through random

sampling.

Research Instrument

In the conduct of the study, the researchers used one instrument: Survey

Form.The researchers created an improvised questionnaire composed of 10

items. The questionnaires consist of ten items that served as the basis in

founding out who and how many students prefer to use library than internet or

digital devices and vice versa.

Data Gathering Procedure

The study comprised of five phases.

32
  The development of the instruments.

 The validation of the instruments. This was been validated by the two

experts.

 The administration of the instruments among respondents.

 The retrieval of the instruments and data

 The interpretation of data

 The analysis of data and lastly;

 Drawing conclusion from the gathered and interpreted data

Statistical Treatment

For each item in the 10-item instrument, the frequency or the mean of responses

will be tallied and the corresponding percentages will be computed. This will be

interpreted using the range of ratings and percentage of each results. The mean

has been also computed wherein mean= total score divided by the number of

items or respondents.

Chapter IV

Statistical Findings

RESEARCH QUESTION 1: Between internet using digital devices and library, what

do grade 11 students prefer more in doing their related activities?

Summary of the findings about the student's preference

33
 Table 1

STATEMENT RESPONDENTS AGREE DISAGREE

1.It is preferable to use books in 185 48% 52%

the library than browsing the

internet when doing assignments

and reports.

2.Number of books and its quality 185 81% 19%

are one of the factors why students

prefer to use internet.

Statement 1:

52% of grade 11 students disagreed that it is preferable to use books in

the library than browsing internet when doing their school related activities. 48%

agreed that books in the libraries are preferable in doing their school related

activities.

81% of grade 11 students agreed that it is preferable to browse the

internet to gain information because of the number and the quality of books

available is not enough to satisfy their need in collecting information and 19%

disagreed.

34
Statement 2:

81% prefer to use internet while 348% prefer to use library.

This is the same with the study of TNC, a global research company.

Their study stated that more Filipinos are using digital technology in gathering

information rather than reading books in the library. Their study also implies that

the number of internet users increases by 12 percent compared on 2011 study

that only have 36 percent.

RESEARCH QUESTION 2: What are the advantages of using internet?

Summary of the findings about internet's advantages

Table 2

STATEMENT RESPONDENT AGREE DISAGRE

35
 S E

3.Information from the internet is 185 52% 48%

more informative than the books

in the library.

4.Internet capable devices is 185 79% 21%

better than tools for easier

gathering of information.

5.Information from the internet is 185 44% 56%

more accurate than the books in

libraries.

6.It is better to invest more 185 54% 46%

budget on internet capable

devices such as computers and

ICT rooms in school instead of

buying tools for the libraries in

schools.

AVERAGE 57.25 42.75

Statement 3:

52% of grade 11 students agreed that information from the internet is

more informative than the information coming from the books in the library. 48%

disagreed that information from internet is more informative.

36
Statement 4:

79% agreed that it is easier and convenient to use internet capable

devices than books when gathering information. 21% disagreed that it is easier

to use internet capable devices. They prefer to use books than depending on

digital devices.

Statement 5:

44% agreed that information from the internet is more accurate than the

books in libraries. 56% disagreed and they prefer books in libraries as more

accurate in giving information.

Statement 6:

54% agreed that it is better to invest more budget on internet .capable

devices such as computers and ICT rooms in school instead of buying books for

the libraries in school. 46% disagreed and believe that it is better to invest more

budget on buying new books in the libraries

The average or the mean percentage of the grade 11 students who

agreed about the advantages of internet over the library is 57.25% while those

who disagreed has a mean percentage of 42.75%

This is the same in the study of Krista Garcia that recognizes the key role

of technology in gathering information. According to her, internet has a large

37
capacity to store infinite number of information that are accessible for the

students, that's why majority of them preferred to use internet rather than

library because of its advantages.

RESEARCH QUESTION 3: What are the advantages of using library?

Summary of the findings about library's advantages

Table 3

STATEMENT RESPONDENT AGREE DISAGRE

S E

7.Information can be search in the 185 43% 57%

library using books as source of

information than browsing the

internet.

8.Collecting information from 185 71% 29%

books and other materials in the

library is free, compared to

reading materials online. 9. It Will

spend less time browsmg

information from books than the

internet.

9.It will spend less time browsing 185 20% 80%

38
information from books than the

internet.

10.Books from library are more 185 72% 28%

reliable compared to the

information produced by the

different websites on internet.

AVERAGE 66.50 33.50

Statement 7:

43% agreed that information can be search using books in the library,

while 57% disagreed and said that they still prefer in browsing internet when

searching information.

Statement 8:

71% agreed that they are in favor of using library because of its

availability and free cost, and the other 27% disagreed.

Statement 9: Only 20% of the respondents agreed that using library spend less

time while 80% disagreed and said that internet spend less time in searching

information.

Statement 10:

39
 72% of the students agreed that books has more reliable information

compared to internet, the other 28% respondents disagreed.

The average or the mean percentage of the grade 11 students who

agreed about the advantages of library over the internet is 66.5% while those

who disagreed has a mean percentage of 33.5%.

The Council on library and information resources (Sept. 7 2013)

believes that libraries still play a vital role in the digital age. But Milagros Santos-

Ong implies that to meet user expectations, libraries must provide the best

services to its users or clientele and other collections must be updated.

Chapter V

Summary, Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

40
Summary

This study aimed to know what do Grade 11 students of SPNHS prefer to

use between internet and library in doing their school related activities.

This research aimed to know the possible reasons why students prefer

either library or internet capable devices. These possible reasons were detected

by the use of survey form. This was validated by our practical research adviser,

Mr. Kay Mark C. Orio and Science Teacher Loida Dagami. The data gathered are

interpreted with the use of percentage and mean.

Findings

The following findings and data were analyzed and formulated according

to the specific question.

The respondents chosen through random sampling were grade 11

senior high school students of SPNHS.

Those students who agreed that it is preferable to use internet have an

average of 64.50% while those who agreed are 35.5%.

Those students who agreed about the advantages of internet are

57.25% while those who disagreed are 42.75%.

Those students who agreed about the advantages of library are 66.5%

while those who disagreed are 33.5%.

41
 These findings showed that internet is more preferably to use than

library when doing school related activities having an average of 64.5%. On the

other hand, while comparing the advantages of internet and library, the library

got an average of 66.5% compared to the internet that got a 57.25%. This

means that in terms of advantages, between the internet and library, library got

the higher percentage, compared to the advantages of using internet and

internet capable devices.

Conclusion

Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that when doing school

related activities, internet is more prefered by grade 11 students of Sapang Palay

National High School.

Recommendation

The findings of this study may help the government be wise on allocating funds

through the realizations that may come up on their minds.

This study implies that it is better to invest more budget in the library

for the books, facilities and other reading materials. This is because of the

findings that library has more percentage of advantages compared to internet.

This will help the students to excel more in academic performance if

libraries will be improve more and cared with attention. Books are the main

42
source of information for every students so it is important for the books and

other reading materials to be updated for the benefit of the library users.

Bibliography

43
GarciaKrista(2016).EducationandtheInternetforasustainablePhilippines.RapplerPhi

lippines.Retrievedfrom:https://www.rappler.com/brandrap/tech-and-

innovation/126587-education-internet-sustainable-ph

SantosOng,Milsgros(2006).Digitization:ProsandCons.TechnologyinLibraryTrends,S

ecurityandEthics:MalateManila.

BritishCouncilPhilippines(2017).Whydowestillneedlibrariesinthedigitalage?.Retriev

edfrom:https://www.britishcouncil.ph/programmes/education/ged/philippines/tho

ughts/why-do-we-still-need-libraries-digital-age

"TheTraditionalLibrarystillplaysaVitalRoleintheSchoolSystem(7September2013)",T

heSpectator.Retrievedfrom:https://www.spectator.co.uk/2013/09/in-the-

beginning-was-the-world/

"LibraryRolesinaDigitalAge.(2014)".CouncilonLibraryandInformationResources.Ret

rievedfrom:https://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub/08/digital.html

"OnlinevsTraditionalLibraries.(2008)".Classroom.Retrievedfrom:classroom.synony

m.com/online-vs-traditional-libraries-6040493.html

"Libraryvs.Internet-

tengoodreasonstousethelibrary.(20July2017)".LibrariesandMediaCenters.Retrieve

dfrom:www.instate.edu/library/publicservices/library_vs_internet.aspx

44
EishenRosalyn(21October2011).TheInternetvs.Library:Acollegestudentperspective

.Retrievedfrom:https://www.socialmediadelivered.com/blog/2011/10/21/the-

internet-vs-the-library-a-college-student-perspective

Santos,Matikas."MoreFilipinosnowusinginternetfornews,information-

study.(12June2017).INQUIRER.net.Retrievedfrom:http://technology.inquirer.net/

8013/more-filipinos-now-using-internet-for-news-information-study

Dilevko,J.,&Gottlieb,L.(2002).Printsourcesinanelectronicage:Avitalpartoftheresear

chprocessforundergraduatestudents.JournalofAcademicLibrarianship,28(6),381–

392.

Dillon,I.F.,&Hahn,K.L.(2002).Areresearchersreadyfortheelectronic-

onlyjournalcollection?Portal:LibrariesandAcademy,2(3),375–390.

Friedlander,A.(2002).Dimensionsanduseofthescholarlyinformationenvironment,Av

ailablefromhttp://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub110/contents.html.

Giersch,S.,Klotz,E.A.,McMartin,F.,Muramatsu,B.,Renninger,K.A.,Shumar,W.,etal.(

2004).Ifyoubuildit,willtheycome?Participantinvolvementindigitallibraries.D-

LibMagazine,10(7–

8),Availablefromhttp://www.dlib.org/dlib/july04/giersch/07giersch.html.

Graham,L.,&Metaxas,P.T.(2003).OfcourseitÕstrue;IsawitontheInternet!Criticalthin

kingintheInternetera.CommunicationsoftheACM,46(5),70–75.

45
King,K.W.,&Montgomery,C.H.(2002).Aftermigrationtoanelectronicjournalcollection

:Impactonfacultyanddoctoralstudents.D-

LibMagazine,8(12),Availablefromhttp://www.dlib.org/dlib/december02/king/12kin

g.html.Leggate,P.(1998).Acquiringelectronicproductsinthehybridlibrary:prices,lice

nses,platformsandusers.Serials,11(2),103–108.

46
 Appendices A

Questionnaire

I. KINDLY READ EVERY STATEMENT. PUT CHECK (✓) ON THE PROVIDED COLUMN AND

CHOOSE WHETHER YOU AGREE OR DISAGREE.

STATEMENT AGREE DISAGRE

E
1. It is preferable to use books in the library than
browsing the internet when doing assignments and
reports.
2. Number of books and its quality are one of the
factors why students prefer to use internet.
3. Information from the internet is more informative
than the books in the library.
4. Internet capable devices is better than books for
easier gathering of information.
5. Information from the internet is more accurate than
the books in libraries.
6. It is better to invest more budget on internet capable
devices such as computers and ICT rooms in school
instead of buying books for the libraries in schools.
7. Information can be search in the library using books
as source of information than browsing the internet.
8. Collecting information from books and other materials
in the library is free, compared to reading materials
online.
9. It will spend less time browsing information from
books than the internet.
10. Books from library are more reliable compared to
the information produced by the different websites on
internet.

47
 Appendices B

SAPANG PALAY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Senior High School
Fatima V, Area E, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

October 03,2017

WILMA M. AQUINO
Principal IV
SapangPalay National High School
City of San Jose del Monte Bulacan

Subject: Permission to Administer Survey Questionnaire

Dear Ma'am,

We are the grade 12 senior high school students of Sapang Palay National High
School conducting a study entitled; “Internet vs. Library: A Medium
Preferred by Grade 11 Students in Doing Their School Related
Activities”. The purpose of this study was to find out what Senior High School
students prefer in accomplishing their school-related tasks or activities.

In this connection, we would like to request your permission to allow us to

conduct a survey to selected 180 students from all the tracks or strands in grade
11 Senior High School of Sapang Palay National High School. We will ensure that
we will not disturb their classes and we will conduct this survey during their free
time and after their classes.

Your immediate and favorable action on this matter is highly appreciated. Thank
you very much and God bless.

Truly Yours,

JAYSON MANANGKIL
The Researcher

KAY MARK C. ORIO

Practical Research II Teacher

48
 Appendices C

JAYSON MANANGKIL
Blk. 16 Lot 2 Sto Nino I CSJDM Bulacan
09097388372
[email protected]

ABOUT ME

I'm 19 years of age, born in August 20, 199. I was dreaming to be a teacher
someday. I like to play games in mobile phones that makes me happy.
Sometimes I write poems. I'm friendly. I'm Christian.

EDUCATION

Primary: Lawang Pare Elementary School.

Year Graduated: 2012
Secondary: Sapang Palay National High School
[Grade 12-HUMSS]

HOBBIES
•Watching Videos
•Reading
•Writing
SKILLS
•Reading and Writing Creative and Non-Fiction series.

49
 ALBERTO M. REJAS
Blk. 43 Lot 27 Area I Brgy. Lawang Pare
0909869334
[email protected]

ABOUT ME

I'm 18 years of age, born in October 04 1999. I was

dreaming to be a teacher someday. I like to play games in mobile phones that
makes me happy. Sometimes I write poems. I'm friendly. I'm Christian.

EDUCATION

Primary: Lawang Pare Elementary School.

Year Graduated: 2012
Secondary: Sapang Palay National High School
[Grade 12-HUMSS]

HOBBIES
•Playing Basketball
•Exercising
•Studying
•Watching
SKILLS
•Modding
•Writing
•Editing

50
 OSCAR J. BALADHAY Jr.
BLK 19 LOT 2 AREA B PUROK 6 Sapang Palay Bulacan
09504706944
[email protected]
.ABOUT ME
I'm 17 years of age, born in October 29, 1999. I was
dreaming to be a teacher someday. I like to play games in mobile phones that
makes me happy. Sometimes I write poems. I'm friendly. I'm Christian.

EDUCATION

Primary: Bagong Buhay Elementary School

Year Graduated: 2012
Secondary: Sapang Palay National High School
[Grade 12-HUMSS]

HOBBIES
•Playing Basketball
•Exercising
•Studying
•Watching
SKILLS
•Modding
•Writing
•Editing

51
 RYNEH JESUS M. DICHE
Blk.250 lot 5 area d purok 3 sapang palay bulacan
09155350057
[email protected]

ABOUT ME
I'm 17 years of age, born in December 25, 1999. I was
dreaming to be a teacher someday. I like to play games in mobile phones that
makes me happy. Sometimes I write poems. I'm friendly. I'm Christian.

EDUCATION

Primary: Bagong Buhay D Elementary School

Year Graduated: 2012
Secondary: Sapang Palay National High School
[Grade 12-HUMSS]

HOBBIES
•Playing Basketball
•Exercising
•Studying
•Watching
SKILLS
•Modding
•Writing
•Editing

52