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Bit Error Rate For QPSK and OOK

The document simulates the bit error rate (BER) of quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) and on-off keying (OOK) modulation over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. For both simulations, the theoretical and simulated BER curves are plotted against the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dB. The simulations generate random symbols, add white noise at different SNR levels, perform demodulation, and count the bit/symbol errors to calculate the simulated BER.

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Maxe Payne
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406 views5 pages

Bit Error Rate For QPSK and OOK

The document simulates the bit error rate (BER) of quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) and on-off keying (OOK) modulation over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. For both simulations, the theoretical and simulated BER curves are plotted against the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dB. The simulations generate random symbols, add white noise at different SNR levels, perform demodulation, and count the bit/symbol errors to calculate the simulated BER.

Uploaded by

Maxe Payne
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bit error rate for QPSK

N = 10^6; % number of symbols


Es_N0_dB = [-3:20]; % multiple Eb/N0 values
ipHat = zeros(1,N);
for ii = 1:length(Es_N0_dB)
ip = (2*(rand(1,N)>0.5)-1) + j*(2*(rand(1,N)>0.5)-1);
s = (1/sqrt(2))*ip; % normalization of energy to 1
n = 1/sqrt(2)*[randn(1,N) + j*randn(1,N)]; % white guassian noise, 0dB
variance

y = s + 10^(-Es_N0_dB(ii)/20)*n; % additive white gaussian noise

% demodulation
y_re = real(y); % real
y_im = imag(y); % imaginary
ipHat(find(y_re < 0 & y_im < 0)) = -1 + -1*j;
ipHat(find(y_re >= 0 & y_im > 0)) = 1 + 1*j;
ipHat(find(y_re < 0 & y_im >= 0)) = -1 + 1*j;
ipHat(find(y_re >= 0 & y_im < 0)) = 1 - 1*j;

nErr(ii) = size(find([ip- ipHat]),2); % couting the number of errors


end

simSer_QPSK = nErr/N;
theorySer_QPSK = erfc(sqrt(0.5*(10.^(Es_N0_dB/10)))) -
(1/4)*(erfc(sqrt(0.5*(10.^(Es_N0_dB/10))))).^2;

close all
figure
semilogy(Es_N0_dB,theorySer_QPSK,'b.-');
hold on
semilogy(Es_N0_dB,simSer_QPSK,'mx-');
axis([-3 15 10^-5 1])
grid on
legend('theory-QPSK', 'simulation-QPSK');
xlabel('Es/No, dB')
ylabel('Symbol Error Rate')
title('Symbol error probability curve for QPSK');
Bit Error Rate of OOK

N = 10^6 % number of bits or symbols


rand('state',100); % initializing the rand() function
randn('state',200); % initializing the randn() function

% Transmitter
ip = rand(1,N)>0.5; % generating 0,1 with equal probability
s = ip; % OOK modulation 0 -> 0 ; 1 -> 1
n = 1/sqrt(2)*[randn(1,N) + j*randn(1,N)]; % white gaussian noise, 0dB
variance
Eb_N0_dB = [-3:10]; % multiple Eb/N0 values

for ii = 1:length(Eb_N0_dB)
% Noise addition
y = s + 10^(-Eb_N0_dB(ii)/20)*n; % additive white gaussian noise

% receiver - hard decision decoding


ipHat = real(y)>0.5;

% counting the errors


nErr(ii) = size(find([ip- ipHat]),2);

end

simBer = nErr/N; % simulated ber


theoryBer = 0.5*erfc(0.5*sqrt(10.^(Eb_N0_dB/10))); % theoretical ber

% plot
close all
figure
semilogy(Eb_N0_dB,theoryBer,'b.-');
hold on
semilogy(Eb_N0_dB,simBer,'mx-');
axis([-3 10 10^-5 0.5])
grid on
legend('theory', 'simulation');
xlabel('Eb/No, dB');
ylabel('Bit Error Rate');
title('Bit error probability curve for OOK modulation');

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