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    Gate Design Procedure

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    Noppadol Ariyakrua
    The document describes the design of high pressure vertical steel gates for the Chicago land Underflow Plan Mc Cook Reservoir project. It discusses the design of both wheel gates and slide gates. For the wheel gate design, it describes the historical background of large gates, provides the design parameters and loadings for the Mc Cook gate, and outlines the 9 step design procedure including calculations of loads, gate section properties, wheel and shaft sizing, and other components. The slide gate design is similarly outlined with design methodology, project data, and components to be designed. Both hand calculations and STAAD/Pro software modeling were used.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Gate Design Procedure

    Uploaded by

    Noppadol Ariyakrua
    3K views42 pages
    The document describes the design of high pressure vertical steel gates for the Chicago land Underflow Plan Mc Cook Reservoir project. It discusses the design of both wheel gates and slide gates. For the wheel gate design, it describes the historical background of large gates, provides the design parameters and loadings for the Mc Cook gate, and outlines the 9 step design procedure including calculations of loads, gate section properties, wheel and shaft sizing, and other components. The slide gate design is similarly outlined with design methodology, project data, and components to be designed. Both hand calculations and STAAD/Pro software modeling were used.

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    The document describes the design of high pressure vertical steel gates for the Chicago land Underflow Plan Mc Cook Reservoir project. It discusses the design of both wheel gates and slide gates. For the wheel gate design, it describes the historical background of large gates, provides the design parameters and loadings for the Mc Cook gate, and outlines the 9 step design procedure including calculations of loads, gate section properties, wheel and shaft sizing, and other components. The slide gate design is similarly outlined with design methodology, project data, and components to be designed. Both hand calculations and STAAD/Pro software modeling were used.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3K views42 pages

    Gate Design Procedure

    Uploaded by

    Noppadol Ariyakrua
    The document describes the design of high pressure vertical steel gates for the Chicago land Underflow Plan Mc Cook Reservoir project. It discusses the design of both wheel gates and slide gates. For the wheel gate design, it describes the historical background of large gates, provides the design parameters and loadings for the Mc Cook gate, and outlines the 9 step design procedure including calculations of loads, gate section properties, wheel and shaft sizing, and other components. The slide gate design is similarly outlined with design methodology, project data, and components to be designed. Both hand calculations and STAAD/Pro software modeling were used.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The key takeaways are that the document discusses the design of high pressure vertical steel gates for the Chicago land Underflow Plan McCook Reservoir. It covers wheel gates vs slide gates, historical background on gates, and design procedures for wheel and slide gates.

    The McCook Reservoir is a 10.5 billion gallon reservoir that covers 252 square miles and serves over 3 million people. It has various components including cut off walls, tunnels, hydraulic structures, and different types of gates.

    Wheel gates have advantages of being used for large openings and high head with relatively lower friction, but are more difficult to install and heavier. Slide gates can be used in intake/outlet tunnels but have relatively higher friction and are only used for smaller heads and openings.

    Design of High Pressure Vertical Steel Gates

    Chicago land Underflow Plan Mc Cook Reservoir

    By: Henry W. Stewart, P.E; Hassan Tondravi, P.E; Lue Tekola, EIT**

    National Defense Industrial Association


    2005 Tri-Service Infrastructure Systems Conferences & Exhibition

    August 2-4, 2005


    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

    • HENRY W. STEWART, P.E (USACE, CHICAGO DISTRICT)

    • HASSAN TONDRAVI, P.E (INCA ENGINEERS, INC)


    PRESENTATION OUTLINE

    • INTRODUCTION
    • SLIDE vs. WHEEL GATE
    • HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    • DESIGN PROCEDURE WHEEL GATE
    • DESIGN PROCEDURE SLIDE GATE
    • DESIGN & MODEL RESULTS
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • QUESTIONS
    INTRODUCTION
    • Mc Cook Project overview:
    – Mc Cook Reservoir is (10.5 billion gallon/32,000 acre-
    foot) reservoir
    – Covers 252-square miles with 3-million people and 1.24-
    million housing units.
    – Reservoir components: cut off walls, distribution tunnels,
    main tunnels, hydraulic structures, aeration system,
    wash down system and various types of gates/valves.

    • Definition:
    – Wheel Gate
    – Slide Gate
    WHEEL GATE vs. SLIDE GATE

    • WHEEL GATE: • SLIDE GATE:


    – Adv: – Adv:
    • Used for large opening and high • Can be used in intake/outlet
    head tunnel
    • Relatively lower friction (Rolling
    friction)
    • Can maneuver trash clogging and
    jamming – Disadvantage:
    • Relatively higher friction
    (static friction)
    – Disadvantage: • Used only for smaller head
    • Needs a higher precision to install and opening
    • Bulky and heavy • Might jam-up with sediment.
    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND GATES & VALVES

    • Except Roosevelt, Arrowrock, Pathfinder, Buffalo Bill &


    Owyhee dams most gate before Hoover Dam have a
    capacity less than 150-feet head
    • In 1908 5-feet by 10-feet slide gates installed at 220’ head at
    Roosevelt Dam (Arizona)
    • Basic needle valve design invented in 1908 by H.O Ensign
    used for regulating high pressure outlets
    • Similar slide gate installed at Pathfinder Dam in 1909
    (Wyoming)
    • Further refinement of needle valve resulted in C.H Howell
    & Howard Bunger fixed cone valve, 1940.
    • Slide gate 7-feet by 10-feet with 350’ head of water in 1965
    (Glen Canyon).
    WHEEL GATE DESIGN

    DESIGNED BY:
    USACE, CHICAGO DISTRICT
    Mc Cook Reservoir Main Gate Chamber Layout

    PLAN VIEW OF THE WHEEL GATES (MAIN TUNNEL)


    Mc Cook Reservoir Wheel Gate

    WHEEL GATE HOISTING SYSTEM

    WHEEL GATE FRONT & SECTION VIEW


    Project Design Data
    • Wheel Gate Design Data:
    – Size is 16.5-feet wide by 30.5-feet high!!!
    – Design head is 400-feet (175-psi pressure)
    – Replacement life of the gate = 50 years with 25 years
    for wheel assemblies
    – Gate overall weight is 94-tons!!
    – Total of six wheel gates in the main tunnel gate chamber
    (One primary gate sandwiched by two
    secondary/tertiary gates)
    WHEEL GATE DESIGN

    HAND COMPUTATION /DESIGN


    Design Procedure for Wheel Gate

    Determine loading & Boundary Condition STEP-1

    Check Adequacy of gate section STEP-2

    Check gate wheel & shaft STEP-3

    Check bottom traing. section STEP-4

    Size end plate and diaphram plate STEP-5

    Design lifting bracket STEP-6

    Design panel connection STEP-7

    Design bumper guide STEP-8

    Design dogging bar STEP-9


    Determine loadings & load combo (STEP-1)

    • Determine loading & load combo:


    – Hydrostatic & hydrodynamic loads (see cylinder)
    • Cylinder size & internal diameter (3000-psi)
    – Breakaway Force
    – Normal Pull
    – Pull with down pull
    – Max push
    – Boundary conditions and gate support system
    – Determine the load transfer through 1st and 2nd stage
    concrete
    Determine gate cross sectional properties (STEP-2)

    • Determine initial gate cross section (based on loading)


    • Check flexural stress, shear stress and deflection
    • Do iteration till selected cross section is enough.
    Determine gate wheel and shaft sizes (STEP-3)

    • Determine allowable load on the wheel:


    24.5Bhn 2200
    Pall = Applied Hydraulics Davis
    2.5(FS )
    • Determine required projected wheel area
    • Determine net wheel tread width required
    • Design wheel shaft
    • Check wheel bearing
    – Radial Rating (RR)
    – Life span of wheel bearing L10 (for intermittent service)
    • Check wheel contact pressure
    Check bottom triangular gate portion (STEP-4)

    • Compute C.G of the bottom triangular section


    • Compute flexural stresses from applied loading
    Determine the size of diaphragm/end plates (STEP-5)

    • Determine the end & inner (diaphragm) plates


    • Determine weld sizes
    Design lifting bracket (STEP-6)

    • Determine plate size/thickness


    • Determine weld size
    Design Gate Panel Connections (STEP-7)

    • Check PIN failure


    • Bearing failure of linking plate
    • Shear tear-out
    Design bumper guide (STEP-8)

    • Determine the loading (kinetic energy)


    • Compute the maximum (axial Euler load) Pall
    Design of dogging device (STEP-9)
    • Weight of the gate + Impact
    • Determine the flexural moment (Mmax)
    • Determine section modulus Sreq=? (of dogging device)
    • Determine deflection =?
    WHEEL GATE DESIGN

    STAAD/PRO SOFTWARE BASED DESIGN


    STAAD/Pro Design Procedure
    • Build up 3-D model for the gate
    • Determine the boundary condition (Support type)
    • Apply the appropriate loads individually:
    – Dead load
    – Hydrostatic/Hydrodynamic load
    – Seal load
    – Buoyancy load
    – Down pull load
    – Wheel dead weight (analyzed separately)
    • Apply the appropriate load combo
    – Three different load combo cases considered.
    – Select/pick the worst case scenario
    • Analyze the STAAD/Pro output
    STAAD/PRO MODEL RESULTS

    Figure-1 3-D Model of Whole Gate Figure-2 Stress contour (Self Weight)

    Figure-3 Stress contour (Hydrostatic load) Figure-4 Stress Contour Seal load
    STAAD/PRO MODEL RESULTS

    Figure-5 Stress Contour (Down pull load) Figure-6 Stress Contour (Wheel load)

    Figure-7 Stress Contour (Machinery load) Figure-8 Stress Contour (Bouyancy load)
    STAAD/PRO MODEL RESULTS

    Figure-9 Stress Contour (Load combo-1) Figure-10 Stress Contour (Load combo-2)

    Figure-11 Stress Contour (Load combo-3)


    STAAD/PRO Model Result Discussion

    • Stress & Deflec (LRFD) • Stress & Deflec (LRFD)


    – Actual Stress: – Allowable Stress:
    • Smax = 22.9-ksi • Sallow = 40.5 ksi (Miter
    • Smin = 0.083-ksi Gate)
    – Actual deflection: – Allow deflection:
    • Def. = 0.143’’ • Def. = 0.4*(thickness of
    skin plate) = 0.51’’
    Further Design Work to do (Wheel Gate)

    • Design the gate super structure to fit DDR gate chamber


    outline
    • Detail the fixed & moving parts and connection to complete
    gate design
    • Model simulation design for certain critical gate
    components
    CONCLUSIONS
    • Vertical lift gate should be designed as horizontally framed
    than vertical ones
    • Design by hand and check with software based model
    simulation
    • Consider fabrication issues early on the design phase
    • Carefully select materials for various gate components
    SLIDE GATE DESIGN

    DESIGNED BY:
    INCA ENGINEERS, INC
    Mc Cook Reservoir Distribution Chamber Layout
    Mc Cook Reservoir Slide Gate
    Design Methodology
    • Hand calculation/computation
    – Equation from (EM 1110-2-2105)
    • Software computation (ANSYS 7.0)
    – 3-D model simulation
    Project Design Data
    • Overall Slide Gate Design Data:
    – Gate leaf in 8-inches thick
    – Clear height = 5.00-feet
    – Clear span = 5.00-feet
    – Internal design pressure (Normal operation): 152-psi
    – Internal design pressure (Overload operation): 300-psi
    – Maximum external grouting pressure: 50-psi
    – Maximum time required to open/close gate: 30 min
    – Maximum gate velocity at closing (final 1-foot closure): 0.33fpm
    – Total gate stroke = 5.08-feet
    DESIGN OF SLIDE GATE

    • Project Design Data


    • Gate Leaf Structure
    • Gate Frames, Bonnet and Bonnet cover
    • Hoisting Requirements
    Gate Leaf Structure
    Determine load type and load increase

    Perform beam analysis

    Calc. gate sectional prop


    Moment of inertia (I)
    Sectional modulus (S)
    Shear area (Av)

    Computer stress & deflection

    Check bottom triangular gate section

    Check bearing load on the seal

    Check slot cut out for hoisting load


    Gate Frames, Bonnet and Bonnet cover

    Determine load cases hydrostatic & grouting

    Evaluate gate leaf-frame-concrete loading Evaluate gate frame & bonnet structure based on external pressure

    Evaluate bearing into the surrounding concrete Determine moment & shear based external pressure

    Check proper load transfer Compute girder flexible stress shear stress & defelection

    Check stress in skin plate

    Design bonnet structure for grouting pressure


    Hoisting Requirements

    Performing hoisting requirements

    Compute all type of loads Determine load combo

    Normal pull Normal push Lowering control

    NOTE: Hoisting requirements are determined to estimate cylinder


    size and max. push requirements.
    ANSYS Model Result (Slide Gate)

    Figure-1 Slide Gate ANSYS mesh generation Figure-2: Gate leaf stress contour (ANSYS)

    Figure-3: Gate leaf deflection contour (ANSYS) Figure-4: Gate slot cut-out close-up view (ANSYS)
    DISCUSSION OF ANSYS MODEL RESULTS

    • Stress Contour: • Allowable Stress :


    – Smax = 13.486-ksi – Sallowable = 18-ksi (For 30-
    – Smin = 16.395-ksi ksi steel
    – Fall = 0.75*0.6*Fy*1.33
    • Deflection Contour:
    – Smax (-) = 0.079733
    – Smax (+) = 0.021756 • Allowable Deflection:
    – Sdelta = 1/750’’ (0.08’’)
    QUESTIONS
    Presenter contact information

    • Lue Tekola, E.I.T (Presenter)


    – Mailing address:
    • U.S Army Corps of Engineers, Chicago District
    • 111 North Canal Street, Suite 600
    • Chicago, Illinois 60606
    – Work Phone#: (312) 846-5467
    – Cell Phone#: (847) 732-6268
    – Fax#: (312) 353-2156
    – E-mail: [email protected]
    – Alternate e-mail: [email protected]

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