WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

“Selected Play Activity As A Reading Intervention Strategy For A Child Who Is At

Risk”

Bacugan, Jessa Mae

Hembra, Lord Alvin

Pig-ao, Jhancienth Kimberly

Redondo, Edrelyn

Segura, Kysha Marie

 WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

Chapter 1

Introduction to the Study

Chapter 1 covers five parts: (1) Background and Conceptual Framework of the Study,
(2) Statement of the Problem, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5)
Delimitation of the Study.
Part One, Background and Conceptual Framework of the Study, presents the overview
of the study.
Part Two, Statement of the Problem, presents the general and specific problems of the
study.
Part Three, Significance of the Study, enumerates and explains the benefits that may be
derived from the findings of the study.
Part Four, Definition of Terms, presents the conceptual and operational meanings of
important terms used in the study.
Part Five, Delimitation of the Study, specifies the scope and coverage of the study.
 WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

Background of the Study

Every child learn in different ways. Understanding how they learns is perhaps one of the

most important task can undergo. Learning how to provide opportunities for learning and to

cater their learning preferences. Learning through play enables children to make sense of their

world. “ The learner is no longer regarded as a passive receiver of knowledge , but as an active

constructor of meaning ( Dietze & Kashin 2009 ).”

This child came from the place where we had our Community Immersion at G.K. Village.

Her grandmother asked help from our thesis adviser because she is concern about the situation

of her grandchild’s academic performance and referred this child to us. The subject is a 9 year-

old named DN ( child’s pseudonym to protect her privacy) because of her mother’s absence,

she lives with her father , grandmother and her two siblings. DN is the eldest child. She has two

siblings named Ne and Je. DN likes to play with her siblings and selected peers near their

house. She often watched Korean dramas and movies. She tends to act what the characters is

saying and doing. She likes to draw anything in her spare time. Her father does not work

anymore because he want to give his full time and effort to take care of his children. During our

interview, he said that being a single parent has never been that easy. It is hard work and a

real challenge for him.

In addressing the child’s need we used functional behavior analysis. It clearly showed

that there are negative outcomes caused by behavioral issues. According to our interview from

the father and grandmother they also starting to teach DN every after class. Using the FBA or

functional behavior analysis we identified the reason of her low academic performance

specifically in the area of reading which is the primary basic skills that can be seen on her

recent and latest general averages that below 80. We identified several off – task behaviors
 WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

that can distract the learning process. From our observations at home, we can see that

sometimes she does not pay attention and frequently looks around like she is obviously not

interested and not motivated and that seems learning becomes slow and difficult to process.

For further assessment, the researchers used validated checklist for academic. From our

first pre-test by using the Letter sound recognition checklist that made by our thesis adviser

based on the developmentally appropriate phonics method of the Montessori philosophy.

She showed difficulty in letter sounds. She cannot produce the letter sound correctly like

/m/ /s /t/. As a result she cannot able to called out the letter name whenever we flashed a

letter card. However , it is likely to improve her skills by giving her the right motivation and

strategies to focus on her academics.

Therefore, the researchers decided that they will apply creative expression of learning

which is the use of play to address her condition. The purpose is to embed cognitive skills and

to address her focus and interest in learning. According to Catron & Allen 2007 “play is practical

, authentic and an often suggested educational endeavour for young children who are gaining

of their knowledge about the world through senses.

The Schematic Diagram of the Research Problem

SITUATION (A) INTERVENTION (B) DESIRED OUTCOME (C)

Phase 1 Phase 2 (Three modes Phase 3

h
of play)
The child exhibit off- DN will be able to
task behavior during a. Sensory writing prolong her on-task
the learning process play behaviour during the
b. Tumbang preso learning process.
c. Scavenger hunt
 WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

Statement of the Problem

This study suggested possible strategy that is the one on one tutoring to improve the

child’s academic outcomes despite of interfering behaviors that hinder the child to learn

effectively. Specifically, this study sought answers to the following questions:

1. What is DN’s phonetic sound knowledge before the intervention?

2. What is DN’s phonetic sound knowledge after the intervention?

3. What is her on-task duration before and after intervention?

Significance of the Study

This study would like to show how this strategy would help the child engage their on-task

behaviors for them to learn effectively:

The Students. The findings of this study would help the students to engage their

attention for them to improve their academic performance in reading. This study also

develop their interest in times of learning.

The Teachers. The teacher is the facilitator of learning. This study would help the

teacher in improving her strategy in catering the students needs. The findings will

enhance the teacher’s teaching style in facilitating the students.

The Administrator/Principal. The Administrator/Principal are ones who design the

rules and programs in an institution. The findings of this study would help them in
 WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

constructing and planning classroom strategies that would enrich the potentials and

interest of the students when it comes to learning in an institution.

The Society. The society is one of the major factor that may hinder the students in

meeting their needs. So this study could open their minds for possible solutions that

would help the students to reach their maximum potential.

Future Researchers. This study will serve as a guide and reference to the future

researchers for further studies.

Definition of Terms

Sensory Writing Tray- A sensory writing tray is a shallow container filled with any

material that can be moved around with a finger or writing utensil to form letters or numbers.

In this study , Sensory writing tray was one of the intervention. It was an activity wherein the

child practice their writing without stress of holding a pencil.

Tumbang Preso- Tumbang preso ("knock down the prisoner"), also known as tumba

lata("knock down the can") or bato lata ("hit the can [with a stone]"), is a traditional

Filipino children's game. It is usually played in backyards, parks, or in streets when there is little

vehicular traffic.

In this study , “tumbang preso “is also one of the intervention. It was a game wherein the

child will throw the slipper as the equipment to the toe-line that has letters from set 1 to set 2

Scavenger Hunt- is also one of the intervention. It was a game wherein the child will

hunt the specific letter given by the researchers.

 WEST VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Iloilo City

Duration- the length of time that something exists or lasts (Merriam-Webster

Disctionary , 2017)

In this study , it is the speed that she is able to prolong her on-task behaviour during the

learning process.

Scope and Delimitation the Study

This study was covered from September 2018 – January 2019. The application of the

result of this study is limited to the one subject. However, the insight from this research would

be applicable to similar cases.