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    Interrupts

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    brij3410
    This document summarizes useful BIOS and DOS interrupts for input/output functions. It describes INT 10H for video screen functions like clearing the screen or setting the cursor position. It also describes DOS INT 21H functions for outputting strings/characters to the monitor and inputting strings/characters from the keyboard. Finally, it briefly mentions INT 16H keyboard programming functions to check for and read key presses.

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    Interrupts

    Uploaded by

    brij3410
    108 views2 pages
    This document summarizes useful BIOS and DOS interrupts for input/output functions. It describes INT 10H for video screen functions like clearing the screen or setting the cursor position. It also describes DOS INT 21H functions for outputting strings/characters to the monitor and inputting strings/characters from the keyboard. Finally, it briefly mentions INT 16H keyboard programming functions to check for and read key presses.

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    This document summarizes useful BIOS and DOS interrupts for input/output functions. It describes INT 10H for video screen functions like clearing the screen or setting the cursor position. It also describes DOS INT 21H functions for outputting strings/characters to the monitor and inputting strings/characters from the keyboard. Finally, it briefly mentions INT 16H keyboard programming functions to check for and read key presses.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    108 views2 pages

    Interrupts

    Uploaded by

    brij3410
    This document summarizes useful BIOS and DOS interrupts for input/output functions. It describes INT 10H for video screen functions like clearing the screen or setting the cursor position. It also describes DOS INT 21H functions for outputting strings/characters to the monitor and inputting strings/characters from the keyboard. Finally, it briefly mentions INT 16H keyboard programming functions to check for and read key presses.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    DOS and BIOS Interrupts

    • Useful subroutines within BIOS and DOS that are available through the INT
    (interrupt) instruction.
    • The INT instruction is like a FAR call. It saves CS:IP and flags on the stack and
    executes the subroutine with it
    • It has the format: INT xx ; xx can be any value from 00 to FF (256 interrupts)
    • BIOS interrupts are burned into the BIOS ROM of the 80x86-based systems

    INT 10H – Video Screen


    • The option is chosen by putting a specific value in register AH
    • The video screen is text mode is divided into 80 columns and 25 rows
    • A row and column number are associated with each location on the screen with
    the top left corner as 00,00 and the bottom right corner as 24,79. The center of the
    screen is at 12,39 or (0C,27 in hex)
    • Specific registers has to be set to specific values before invoking INT 10H

    Function 06 – clear the screen


    AH = 06 ; function number
    AL = 00 ; page number
    BH = 07 ; normal attribute
    CH = 00 ; row value of start point
    CL = 00 ; column value of start point
    DH = 24 ; row value of ending point
    DL = 79 ; column value of ending point

    Function 02 – setting the cursor to a specific location


    AH = 06 ; function number
    DH = row ; cursor
    DL = column ; position

    Function 03 – get the current cursor position


    AH = 03 ; function number
    BH= 00 ; currently viewed page
    The position is returned in DH = row and DL = column

    Function 0E – output a character to the screen


    AH = 0E ; function number
    AL = Character to be displayed
    BH = 00 ; currently viewed page
    BL = 00 ; default foreground color
    DOS INT 21H

    Useful DOS interrupt to input information from the keyboard and display it on the screen

    Function 09 – outputting a string of data to the monitor


    AH = 09 ; function number
    DX = offset address of the ASCII data to be displayed, data segment is assumed
    The ASCII string must end with the dollar sign $

    Function 02 – outputting a single character to the monitor


    AH = 02 ; function number
    DL = ASCII code of the character to be displayed

    Function 01 – inputting a single character, with an echo


    AH = 01 ; function number
    After the interrupt AL = ASCII code of the input and is echoed to the monitor

    Function 0A – inputting a string of data from the keyboard


    AH = 0A ; function number
    DX = offset address at which the string of data is stored (buffer area), data
    segment is assumed and the string must end with <RETURN>
    After execution:
    DS:DX = buffer in bytes (n characters + 2)
    DS:DX+1 = number of entered characters excluding the return key
    DS:DX+2 = first character input
    · · ·
    DS:DX+n = last character input

    To set a buffer, use the following in the data segment:


    Buffer DB 10, ? , 10 DUP(FF)

    Function 07 – inputting a single character from the keyboard without an echo


    AH = 07 ; function number
    Waits for a single character to be entered and provides it in AL

    INT16 – Keyboard Programming

    Function 01 – check for a key press without waiting for the user
    AH = 01
    Upon execution ZF = 0 if there is a key pressed

    Function 00 – keyboard read


    AH = 00
    Upon execution AL = ASCII character of the pressed key
    Note this function must follow function 01

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