UNIT-2

WEB APPLICATIONS

SESSION 2: NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark each]

Question 1. Why is Internet is so popular? CBSE 2004

Answer: Due to its extensible use and sharing of data, Internet becomes so popular.

Question 2. Mention any two major uses of Internet. CBSE 2003

Answer: The two major uses of Internet are as follows:

1. For the students and educational purposes, Internet is widely used to gather information so as to do

the research.

2. We can send/receive the mail all over the world.

Question 3. Name the protocol, which helps you to communicate between a Web server and a Web

browser.

Answer: HTTP

Question 4. Write the name of any two Internet Service Provider(ISP) in India. CBSE 2004,02

Answer: MTNL and Airtel.

Question 5. Name any two ways of wireless connections of Internet.

Answer: Wi-Fi and WiMax.

Question 6. Name any two Internet protocols used by Web.

Answer: HTTP and FTP.

Question 7. Name any five DSL broadband service providers in India.

Answer: BSNL, Airtel, Reliance, MTNL and Tata Indicom.

Question 8. Write the relationship between a Website and a Web server.

Answer: Web server is a computer on which a Website is hosted.

Question 9. Write the Web extensions (top level domain names) given to a Websites of the following

types of organisations. CBSE 2008

1. educational

2. government

Answer:
1. .edu 2. .gov

Question 10. Write Web extensions given to sites of the following types of organisations. CBSE 2007

1. network organisation

2. government agencies

ANS: .net and .gov

Question 11. Expand the following Web extensions using with Web addresses.

1. .org

2. .in

Answer:

1. Organisation

2. India

Question 12. Write any two Web extensions used with Web addresses.

Answer: .org and .com

Question 13. Identify Web addresses and E-mail addresses from the following CBSE 2009

1. www.kool.com

2. [email protected]

3. www.hotspider.co.in

4. [email protected]

Ans: 1 and 3 are web addresses , 2 and 4 are E-mail addresses

Short Answer Type Questions [2 & 3 Marks each]

Question 1. How did the Internet begin?

Answer: The Internet has gained popularity and emerged as an important and efficient means of
communication. The term Internet is derived from the words ‘interconnection’ and ‘networks’. A network is a
collection of two or more computers, which are connected together to share information and resources. The
Internet is a worldwide system of computer networks, i.e. network of networks. Through Internet, computers
become able to exchange information with each other and diverse perspective on issues from a global
audience. Most of the people uses Internet for sending and receiving E-mail and net surfing for retrieving
information.

Question 2. Many organizations use both Internet and Intranet. Give some differences between Intranet
and Internet.

Answer: Differences between Intranet and Internet are as follows:

1. Internet is a Wide Area Network (WAN), while Intranet is a Local Area Network (LAN).
2. Greater amount of information is available on Internet, while on Intranet specic

amount of information is available.

3. Internet is not safe as Intranet can be safely privatized as per the need.

Question 3. Write three disadvantages of using Internet.

Answer: The three disadvantages of using Internet are as follows:

1. Cyber frauds

2. Information misuse

3. Computer virus circulation

Question 5. What is MODEM? CBSE 2006

Answer: MODEM stands for MOdulator/DEModulator. It is a hardware device that enables a computer to
send and receive information over telephone lines by converting the digital data used by your computer into
an analog signal used on telephone lines and the converting back once received on the other end.

Question 2. What is DNS and also explain its functions? CBSE 2013

Answer: DNS stands for Domain Name System. It is a hierarchical distributed naming system for

computers, services or any resources connected to the Internet or a private network. It associates various

information with domain names assigned to each of the participating entities.

The different functions of DNS are as follows:

 It translates meaningful domain names into the numerical IP addresses, which is needed for the
purpose of locating computer services and devices world wide.
 It serves as the phone book for the Internet by translating human friendly computer host names into
IP addresses.
 The DNS can be quickly updated, allowing a service’s location on the network to change without
affecting the end users.
 It distributes the responsibility of assigning domain names and mapping those names to IPaddresses
by designating authoritative names servers for each domain.
 It also species the technical functionality of database service. It denes the DNS protocol, a detailed
speciation of the data structure and data communication exchanges used in DNS, as part of the
Internet Protocol Suite (IPS).

Write T for the ture ststement and F for the false one. Correct the false ststement(s).
a. Internet is a network of network. (T)
b. The communication protocol is TP.(F)
Correct Ans:- The communication protocol is HTTP.
c. The conversion of analog signals into digital signals is called modulation.(F)
Correct Ans:- The conversion of digital signals into anolog signals is called modulation.
d. Wi-Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity.(T)
e. A modem can send a fax from your computer to a fax machine.(T)
f. A Web page is a special type of file written in HTML.(T)
g. A browser program can read and interpret HTML document.(T)

Short-answer questions.
1. What is Internet?
Ans.:- Internet is an interconnection between several computer of different types belonging to
various networks all over the world. It is a global of networks.

2. What are the things you required to have Internet?

Ans.:- We need to have Internet are-
 An Internet connection.
 A Modem.
 Internet access.
 A program which controls the communication of data over the hadrwar component.

3. Define browser. Name two popular browsers.

Ans.:- Web browser is a communication program that reads and interprets HTML documents on the
WWW(World Wide Web).
Some popular Web browsers are:-
 Microsoft Internet Explorer.
 Netscape Navigator.
 Mozilla Firefox.
 Safari.
 Opera, etc.

4. What is WWW?
Ans.:- The fullform of WWW is World Wide Web. It is an information system of interlinked
hypertext documents that are accessed via the Internet and built on top of the Domain Name System.
It has also commonly become known simply as the Web.

5. What are the two web addressing methods?

Ans.:- There are two web addressing methods---
 Letter Addressing System.
 Number Addressing System.
6. What is Hypertext?
Ans.:- Hypertext is basically an ordinary text that has some extra features such as formatting, images,
multimedia and links to other documents.
7. Define a URL.
Ans.:- The fullform of URL is Uniform Resource Locator. A web addressing scheme that gives the
exact location of a document on WWW.
8. What is HTTP?
Ans.:- The fullform of HTTP is Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is a communication protocol used to
transfer all kind of information on the web.
9. What is a Home Page?
Ans.:- Home Page is the first web page of a web browser or a website.
10. Name two Internet protocols used by the WWW.
Ans.:- The two Internet Protocols are Internet Protocol(IP) and Transmission Control Protocol(TCP).

B)Long-answer question.
1. How did Internet come into existence?
Ans.:- In 1969, the Department of Defence(DOD) of United States of America started a network
called Advanced Research Projects Agency Network(ARPANET). It was started with one computer
in California and three in Utah. Later, the military allowed universities to join the network for sharing
the hardware and software resources. It grew bigger and bigger and gave birth to the present-day very
popular Internet.
2. What is a modem? Explain how it works?
Ans.:- Modem is a computer peripheral divice that allows us to connect and communicate with other
computer via telephone lines. It converts the digital data into analog data and vice-versa. The fullform
of Modem is Modulation and Demodulation. The process of converting digital data into analog data
is called Modulation. And The process of converting analog data into digital data is called
Demodulation.
There are two type of Modem-
 Internal Modem
 External Modem
Internal Modem: Internal Modem is a Modem which is placed inside the CPU.
External Modem: External Modem is a Modem which is placed outside the CPU.
3. What is a website and a webpage?
Ans.:- Website:- A website is a collection of related of one or many web pages, images, videos and
other digital assets hosted on a web server.
WebPage:- The WWW comprises a large collection of document called web pages. It ia an electronic
document written in a computer language called Hypertext Markup Language(HTML). Each web
page has a unique address, called URL that identifies its location on the network.
4. Differntiate between a web page and a home page.
Ans.:- The defferent between a web page and a home page are:-
a) The WWW comprises a large collection of document called web page on the otherhand the first
web page of a web site or web browser is called Home Page.
b) A web page may or may not be a home page on the otherhand a home page is always a web page.
c) A web page is desined to provide detail information on any topic that a user demands on the
otherhand a Home page is desingned to provide an overview of the content of the website.

6. Explain the letter addressing system.

Ans:- The web address of any computer or network can be given using alphabets. This is called
the letter addressing system and it is popularly known as the Domain Name System(DNS).

7. What are Web addresses?

Ans:- The Internet has millions of computers attached to it. In order to communicate, every computer
connected to the Internet has a unique address whose format is defined by the Internet Protocol(IP)
addressing system. Every computer connected to the internet has its unique web address, without
which it cannot be reached by other computers. Also called universal resource locator or
Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
9. How does the Internet work?
Ans:-

When data is passed from one computer system to another, it is broken up into pieces called
packets using TCP. Each packet contains 1500 bytes or characters. IP adds the IP address of the
sender and the destination to each packet so that it reaches the correct destination. The packets
are passed from one network to another until they reach their destination. At the destination,
TCP reassembles the packets into a complete message. If packets are garbled, a request is sent to
the sender to resend them.

10. Explain any three methods of Internet access.

Ans:- The methods are:-
a)Dial-up:- It is a connection between the computer and the ISP with the help of a modem.
Dial-up connection is a limited time-duration connection that uses a telephone line to connect to
the ISP server.
b)ISDN:- ISDN lines are used to transmit data over digital telephone lines.
c)Broadband Service:- Broadband Internet access, often shortened to broadband, is a high-
data-transmission rate Internet connection.

4. Choose the correct option.

a. Wi-Fi stands for
(i) Wireless File. (ii) Wireless Fidelity. (iii) Wiring Fidelity. (iv) none of these.
Ans:- (ii) Wireless Fidelity
b. A popular consumer broadband technology.
(i) DSL (ii) URL (iii) Wi-Fi (iv) none of these.
Ans:- (i) DSL
c. First page of a Web site is called
(i) Web page (ii) Home page (iii) first page (iv) none of these.
Ans:- (ii) Home page.
d. A collection of one or many related Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets hosted
on a Web server.
(i) Web site (ii) URL (iii) Both i and ii (iv) none of these
Ans:- (i) Web site
e. Areas with Wi-Fi service.
(i) Wi-Fi area (ii) Wi-Fi spot (iii) Hot spot (iv) none of these
Ans:- (iii) Hot spot.
f. http://www.oup.com is an example of
(i) relative URL (ii) absolute URL (iii) both i and ii (iv) none of these.
Ans:-(ii) absolute URL.
g. _________________ part of http://www.webaddress.edu represents service provider.
(i) http (ii) www (iii) webwddress.edu (iv) none of these.
Ans:- (i) http
h. Program that helps the user to navigate WWW.
(i) Web site (ii) Browser (iii) Web page (iii) none of these.
Ans:- (ii) Browse.
i. Every computer on a network exchange information according to certain rules called
(i) protocols (ii) networking (iii) surfing (iv) none of these
Ans:- (i) protocols
j. Which part of TCP/IP is responsible for breaking up data into small pieces at all source
computer?
(i) IP (ii) TCP (iii) Both i and ii (iv) none of these.
Ans:- (ii) TCP
 ASSESSMENT

I. Fill in the blanks:

1. The acronym for LAN is Local Area Network.

2. Three types of Wired Internet Connectivity are Dial-Up , [DSL] Digital Subscriber Line ,&
Cable Internet Access.
3. Three types of Wireless Internet Connectivity are 3G, WiMAX, &Wi-Fi.
II. Answer the following:

1. What is the definition of networking?

Ans: A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share
resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications.
The computers on a network may be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves,
satellites, or infrared light beams.
Two very common types of networks include:
Local Area Network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
2. What are the advantages of networking?
Ans: Some of the advantages associated with networking are:
 Data Sharing: One of the most important uses of networking is to allow the sharing of data. Users can
send text files, spread sheets, documents, presentations, audio files, video files, etc. to other users.
 Hardware Sharing: Hardware components such as printers, scanners, etc. can also be shared. For
example, instead of purchasing 10 printers for each user, one printer can be purchased and shared
among multiple users thus saving cost.
 Internet Access Sharing: You can purchase a single Internet connection and share it among other
computers in a network instead of purchasing multiple Internet connection for each computer. This is
very commonly found in Internet café (browsing centres), schools, colleges, companies, etc.
 Usage of network based applications such as web browsers, email clients, chat application, audio &
video calling, etc is another advantage.
3. What are the different types of networking?
Ans: Types of Networks are:
 Personal Area Network
 Local Area Network
 Metropolitan Area Network
 Wide Area Network
4. Explain LAN and WAN?
Ans: There are two major types of network Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN).
Local Area Network
A local area network (LAN) is one which connects computers and devices in a limited geographical
area such as home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or closely positioned group of
buildings.
Usually local area networks offer very high speeds and are used for connecting computers and
peripherals such as printers, scanners, etc.
Wide Area Network
A wide area network (WAN) is one which covers a broad area (i.e., any network that links across
metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). The Internet is the most popular WAN, and is used
by businesses, governments, non-profit organizations, individual consumers, artists, entertainers, and
many others.
Session 3: INTRODUCTION TO INSTANT MESSAGING

ASSESSMENT

I. Fill in the blanks:

1. Instant messaging (IM) is a form of communication over the Internet that offers an instantaneous
transmission of text-based messages from sender to receiver.

2. Microphones , headsets , speakers& Web Camera are required for audio and video conferencing.

3. Instant messaging software is widely used for personal and commercial use.

4. Some instant messaging software allows users to view messages received when they are not logged on.
These are called “Offline Messages”.

5. There are two kinds of instant messaging software – application based and Web based.

6. Google Talk is an instant messaging service that provides both text and voice communication developed by
Google Inc.

II. Answer the following:

1. List any five application based instant messaging software.

Ans: Application based instant messaging software is downloaded and installed on user’s computer.
Some of the popular instant messaging software are:
 Google Talk
 Yahoo! Messenger
 Skype
 Windows Live Messenger
 Rediff Bol, etc.
2. What are the types of instant messaging Services.
Ans: There are two kinds of instant messaging software – application based and Web based.
Application based instant messaging software is downloaded and installed on user’s computer. Some
of the popular instant messaging software are:
o Google Talk
o Yahoo! Messenger
o Skype o Windows Live Messenger
o Rediff Bol, etc.
Web based instant messaging software is accessed using browsers such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla
Firefox, Google Chrome, etc. Some of the popular web based instant messaging software are:
o Meebo
o Yahoo! Messenger for the Web
o MSN Web Messenger
o IMO, etc.

3. How to launch Google talk.

Ans: You need to download and install Google Talk application from www.google.com/talk prior to
this exercise.
Launching Google Talk
To launch Google Talk, Click Start > Programs >Google Talk>Google Talk.
You can also double-click on the Google Talk icon on the desktop if available.
 SESSION 4: CHATTING WITH A CONTACT – GOOGLE TALK

1. Whenever your friend in the contact list is online you can see the person along with a green dot.
2. State rules and etiquettes to be followed while chatting on the Internet.
Ans: There are some general rules and etiquettes to be followed while chatting. They are almost the
same as those that apply for emails.
 Messages should be short and to the point.
 Always introduce yourself by name if your screen name doesn't reflect it.
 Always ask if the other person has time to chat first - regardless of how important you think
what you have to say is, it's not going to be well received if the recipient is busy.
 In a business environment, know exactly what you want to discuss.
 TYPING YOUR MESSAGES IN UPPERCASE is extremely rude - it's considered shouting and very
aggressive.
 Give people time to respond - Multiple questions sent to a recipient before they've had a
chance to answer can seem more like an interrogation rather than a conversation.
 Wherever possible, give the person you are communicating with your undivided attention.
It's not just a sign of respect, but if you have multiple conversations happening or are
allowing other issues to distract you, you may miss an important point in the other person's
messages or lose the gist of the conversation.
 It's important to properly end an IM conversation - you may think the chat is over, but the
other person may not. While you're off doing other things, they may be sitting there staring
at the screen waiting for further communication from you!!

SESSION 4: CREATING AND PUBLISHING WEB PAGES - BLOG

 ASSESSMENT

I. Fill in the blanks:

1. The acronym for LAN is local area network.

2. Three types of Wired Internet Connectivity are Dialup,[DSL] Digital Subscriber Line,& Cabel internet access.
3. Three types of Wireless Internet Connectivity are 3G, Wi-Max, & Wi- Fi.

II. Answer the following:

1. What is the definition of networking?

Ans:
2. What are the advantages of networking?
Ans: Some of the advantages associated with networking are:
1. Data Sharing: One of the most important uses of networking is to allow the sharing of data. Users
can send text files, spread sheets, documents, presentations, audio files, video files, etc. to other
users.
2. Hardware Sharing: Hardware components such as printers, scanners, etc. can also be shared. For
example, instead of purchasing 10 printers for each user, one printer can be purchased and shared
among multiple users thus saving cost.
3. Internet Access Sharing: You can purchase a single Internet connection and share it among other
computers in a network instead of purchasing multiple Internet connection for each computer. This
is very commonly found in Internet café (browsing centers), schools, colleges, companies, etc.
4. Usage of network based applications such as web browsers, email clients, chat application, audio &
video calling, etc is another advantage.
3. What are the different types of networking?

Ans: Types of networks are:

 Personal Area Network

 Local area network
 Metropolitan area network
 Wide area network
4. Explain LAN and WAN.

Ans: There are two major types of network Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN).
Local Area Network

A local area network (LAN) is one which connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such
as home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or closely positioned group of buildings.

Usually local area networks offer very high speeds and are used for connecting computers and peripherals
such as printers, scanners, etc.

Wide Area Network

A wide area network (WAN) is one which covers a broad area (i.e., any network that links across
metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). The Internet is the most popular WAN, and is used by
businesses, governments, non-profit organizations, individual consumers, artists, entertainers, and many
others.

SESSION 3: INTRODUCTION TO INSTANT MESSAGING

ASSESSMENT

I. Fill in the blanks:

1. Instant Messaging is a form of communication over the Internet that offers an instantaneous transmission
of text-based messages from sender to receiver.

2. Microphone , Headset ,Speakers & Web Camera are required for audio and video conferencing.

3. Some instant messaging software allows users to view messages received when they are not logged on.
These are called “Offline Messages”.

4. Instant messaging happens in real-time and the response from participants can be spontaneous.
These are called “Online Messages”.

5. There are two kinds of instant messaging software.

6. Application based instant messaging software is downloaded and installed on user’s computer.

7. Web based instant messaging software is accessed using browsers such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla
Firefox, Google Chrome, etc.

8. Google Talk is an instant messaging service that provides both text and voice communication developed by
Google Inc.

9. Google Talk is free and is available as application based and web based.

II. Answer the following:

1. Write about Instant Messaging Services?

Ans: There are two kinds of instant messaging software – application based and Web based.

 Application based instant messaging software is downloaded and installed on user’s computer.
Some of the popular instant messaging software are:
 Google Talk
 Yahoo! Messenger
  Skype
 Windows Live Messenger
 Rediff Bol, etc.
 Web based instant messaging software is accessed using browsers such as Internet Explorer,
Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, etc. Some of the popular web based instant messaging software
are:
 Meebo
 Yahoo! Messenger for the Web
 MSN Web Messenger
 IMO, etc.

2. List any five application based instant messaging software.

Ans: Five applications based instant messaging software are:
1. Google Talk
2. Yahoo! Messenger
3. Skype
4. Windows Live Messenger
5. Rediff Bol, etc.
3. What is application based software?
Ans: The software which User will download and install to their desktops, mobiles or laptops those
softwares are application based software.
Example: Ms- Office, Antivirus, Acrobat reader.
4. What is application web based software?
Ans: A web-based application is any program that is accessed over a network connection
using HTTP, rather than existing within a device’s memory. Web-based applications often run
inside a web browser.
5. How to launch Google Talk?
Ans: Launching Google Talk
 To launch Google Talk, Click Start > Programs >Google Talk>Google Talk.
 You can also double-click on the Google Talk icon on the desktop if available.