Anatomy Primer
Anatomy Primer
Anatomy Primer
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Ph.no 270522(Off) 231388 (Pri) 9448839306, 253850-59 Extn 101 Fax 91-8192-231388
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Department Ph.No: 08192-253850, Extn. 124
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CONTENTS
SECTION – 1
1. ABOUT DAVANGERE
2. ABOUT BAPUJI EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION
3. ABOUT J.J.M MEDICAL COLLEGE
4. ABOUT DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY.
5. DRESS CODE FOR POST GRADUATES
6. CODE OF CONDUCT FOR POST GRADUATES
SECTION – 2
1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
a. Goals and objectives of post graduate education
b. Components of post graduate curriculum
c. Period of training
d. Examinations
2. POST GRADUATE CURRICULUM IN ANATOMY
FACUTY MEMBERS, DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, JJMMC
Davangere city is in the epicenter of Karnataka with a population of over five lakhs. Being a district
head quarters, located on NH4 it is well linked by rail and road to and from all parts of India. It was
previously recognized as MANCHESTER OF KARNATAKA for its once famous cotton industries.
Over a period of time it has been the hub for educational institutions and now it is being recognized as
THE OXFORD OF KARNATAKA.
The birth of Bapuji Educational Association in 1958 as a brain child of few visionaries with an intention
to impart basic educational facilities to the dominantly rural citizens of Davangere and its surroundings
was a milestone in the history of Davangere. Through the efforts of a number of luminaries and
Philanthropists, the Association has grown enormously by establishing a chain of educational
institutions in almost every discipline from primary to higher education. Because of the vision and
constant efforts of its present Hon. Secretary, Dr.Sri. Shamanur Shivashankarappa, the Association is at
its zenith and made Davangere the Center for education.
J.J.M.MEDICAL COLLEGE:
Jagadguru Jayadeva Muragharajendra Medical College, Davangere – 577004, Karnataka, India was
established in the year 1965. It is a premiere Institute of the Association imparting Allopathic Medical
Education leading to Undergraduate, PG Degree and Diploma Courses. It is currently affiliated to Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore. The M.B.B.S., Postgraduate Degree and
Diploma courses offered by the Institution are recognized by the MEDICAL COUNCIL OF INDIA.
All the departments of the institution are adequately staffed with highly qualified and experienced
faculty dedicated to teach both the undergraduates and postgraduates. The main aim of the institution is
to make our students competent enough to work at community level. To add, the college is well
equipped with SS Digital Library with Internet facility and V-SAT connectivity. The central library and
Information Center has a total of more than 31,517 books, 17,031 back volumes and 301 periodicals.
The institution is tied up with various government and nongovernmental organizations and is striving
hard to develop a health task force that can work at all levels of health care delivery system including
the remotest areas.
Courses Offered:
U.G.: M.B.B.S.
P.G: DEGREE / DIPLOMA
Post graduate Courses
Degree Diploma
1
M.D. Anatomy -
2
M.D. Physiology -
3 M.D. Biochemistry -
4 M.D Pathology D.C.P
5
M.D. Microbiology -
6 M.D. Pharmacology -
7 M.D Forensic Medicine D.F.M.
8 M.S Oto – Rhino-Laryngology D.L.O
9
M.S Ophthalmology D.O.M.S
10 M.D. Community Medicine -
11 M.D. General Medicine -
12 M.S. General Surgery -
13
M.S Obstetrics & Gynecology D.G.O
14 M.D. Dermatology D.V.D
15 M.D. Anesthesia D.A
16 M.D. Radio diagnosis D.M.R.D
17
M.D. Pediatrics D.C.H
18 M.S Orthopedics D.ORTHO
19 M.D. Chest Medicine -
20 M.D. Psychiatry D.P.M
21
M.D. Emergency Medicine -
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
The Department of Anatomy is conducting Post-graduate course M.D. Anatomy since 1973. The
P.G. Degree awarded to students trained in this Institute is recognized by the Medical Council of India.
The course of M.D. Anatomy is conducted with affiliation to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health
Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore.
The annual intake is 6(six) students. The following are the recognized P.G. teachers under Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore.
1. Dr. Nirmala D.
2. Dr. G. F. Mavishettar
3. Dr. Raghavendra V. P.
4. Dr. Shivakumar A. H.
5. Dr. Shobha
The course content is as prescribed by the Medical Council of India and is regulated by the
curriculum designed by the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences.
Females:
1. Sari / SalwarKameez with dupatta , Apron (available in the college society) with name plate.
2. Jeans, shirts, tight fitting / sleeveless tops, short kurtis are strictly prohibited during working hours.
3. Long hairs should be tied up while attending clinics/practical classes.
4. Leggings with short tops are strictly prohibited.
ATTENTION: Strict action will be taken towards any violation of the above mentioned dress
code.
CODE OF CONDUCT:
1. Postgraduate students should be sincere to their lab work/hospital and tasks to be learnt in each
of their academic terms.
2. Adhere to college timings: 9.00 am to 1.00 pm & 2.00 pm to 5-00 pm.
3. Minimum 80% attendance per each academic year is must for obtaining eligibility to appear for
university exam.
4. A postgraduate student can avail two casual leaves in a month. Prior intimation has to be given to
the HOD/ staff in charge of unit before availing the leave.
5. A postgraduate student cannot avail leave during the period when academic work has been
assigned to him/her.
6. Any form of academic activity viz., seminar/journal club/case presentation/culture seminar/slide
seminar/class etc., assigned to a postgraduate cannot be postponed without prior intimation with
valid reason.
7. Postgraduates will not be permitted to attend conferences without paper or poster presentation.
ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS:
3. All postgraduates should attend the teaching program in their respective department without any
fail.
4. Maintenance of log book is compulsory and should be signed regularly by the staff in charge.
5. Attending one each of national & state level CME/Conference is essential.
6. Oral, poster presentation in National/State conferences and should publish original articles in
indexed Journals in the respective discipline during the tenure of the course.
7. Should take up and cooperate with staff in conducting periodic assessments in the departments.
8. First year postgraduates within 6 months of their admission to the course should prepare a synopsis
of their dissertation topic assigned by the guides and submit to the University as part of requirement
for MD/MS degree.
9. Submission of synopsis to Institutional Ethical Committee/ Institutional Review board is mandatory
before submitting the same to University. Permission/ Clearance from the Committee should be
obtained to carry out the study further.
KIND SUGGESTIONS:
The contents of this section are as per guidelines given by MCI (Post Graduate Medical Education Regulations 2000
amended up to March 2012) & Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (Regulations and curricula of Post Graduate
Medical Degree and Diploma Courses in Clinical / Pre clinical and Para clinical subjects- 2009)
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
GOAL
The goal of postgraduate medical education shall be to produce competent specialists and/or Medical
teachers.
1. Who shall recognize the health needs of the community, and carry out professional obligations
ethically and in keeping with the objectives of the national health policy
2. Who shall have mastered most of the competencies, pertaining to the speciality, that are required
to be practical at the secondary and the tertiary levels of the health care delivery system;
3. Who shall be aware of the contemporary advances and developments in the discipline concerned;
4. Who shall have acquired a spirit of scientific inquiry and is oriented to the principles of research
methodology and epidemiology; and
5. Who shall have acquired the basic skills in teaching of the medical and paramedical
professionals;
I. Recognize the importance to the concerned speciality in the context of the health needs of the
community and the national priorities in the health section.
II. Practice the speciality concerned ethically and in step with the principles of primary health care.
III. Demonstrate sufficient understanding of the basic sciences relevant to the concerned speciality.
IV. Identify social, economic, environmental, biological and emotional determinants of health in a
given case, and take them into account while planning therapeutic, rehabilitative, preventive and
primitive measure/strategies.
V. Diagnose and manage majority of the conditions in the speciality concerned on the basis of
clinical assessment, and appropriately selected and conducted investigations.
VI. Plan and advice measures for the prevention and rehabilitation of patients suffering from disease
and disability related to the speciality.
VII. Demonstrate skills in documentation of individual case details as well as morbidity and mortality
rate relevant to the assigned situation.
VIII. Demonstrate empathy and humane approach towards patients and their families and exhibit
interpersonal behavior in accordance with the societal norms and expectations.
IX. Play the assigned role in the implementation of national health programme, effectively and
responsibly.
X. Organize and supervise the chosen/assigned health care services demonstrating adequate
managerial skills in the clinic/hospital or the field situation.
XI. Develop skills as a self-directed learner, recognize continuing education needs; select and use
appropriate learning resources.
XII. Demonstrate competence in basic concepts of research methodology and epidemiology, and be
able to critically analyze relevant published research literature.
XIII. Develop skills in using educational methods and techniques as applicable to the teaching of
medical/nursing students, general physicians and paramedical health workers.
XIV. Function as an effective leader of a health team engaged in health care. Research or training.
COMPONENTS OF THE POSTGRADUATE CURRICLLUM:
The major components of the Postgraduate curriculum shall be :
• Theoretical knowledge
• Practical and clinical skills
• Thesis skills.
• Attitudes including communication skills.
• Training in research methodology.
•
THESIS:
Every candidate pursuing master degree shall carry out work on an assigned research project under the
guidance of a recognized Post Graduate Teacher, the result of which shall be written up and submitted in
the form of a Thesis.
PERIOD OF TRAINING
The period of training for obtaining MD/MS degrees shall be three completed years & for obtaining Post
graduates Diploma shall be two completed years including examination period.
EXAMINATIONS:
The examinations shall be organized on the basis of grading or marking system to evaluate and certify
candidate’s level of knowledge, skill and competence at the end of the training.
A candidate shall secure not less than 50% marks in each head of passing which shall include
(1) Theory
(2) Practical including clinical and viva voce examination.
POSTGRADUATE CURRICULUM IN ANATOMY
I. Goal: The Postgraduate course M.D.(Anatomy) should enable a medical graduate to become a
competent specialist, acquire knowledge and skills in educational technology for teaching medical,
dental and health sciences and conduct research in bio-medical sciences.
II. Objectives: At the end of the course, a Postgraduate in Anatomy shall be able to,
Theory:
1. History of Anatomy
2. General Anatomy
3. Elements of Anatomy
4. Gross Human Anatomy including Cross Sectional Anatomy and Applied Anatomy.
5. Principles of Microscopy and Histological techniques
6. General and Systemic Histology.
7. General, and Systemic Embryology including Growth, Development and Teratology.
8. Neuro Anatomy
9. Surface Anatomy
10. Radiological Anatomy including Principles of newer techniques and interpretation of
CT scan, Sonography and MRI.
11. Human Genetics
12. Comparative Anatomy
13. Principles of Physical Anthropology
14. Museum techniques, embalming techniques including Medico legal aspects and knowledge of
Anatomy Act.
15. Medical Ethics
16. Recent Advances in Anatomy.
Practical Schedule:
1. During the course the PG students should dissect the entire human cadaver.
2. They should embalm and maintain the record of embalming work done.
3. They should prepare and mount at least 10 museum specimens.
4. In Histology section -
* Collection of tissues, fixing, block making, section cutting; use of different types of
microtomes and preparation of general and systemic slides.
* Haematoxylin & Eosin -
(i) Preparation of Stains
(ii) Staining techniques.
* Knowledge of special staining techniques like Silver Nitrate, PAS staining, Osmium Tetroxide, Van
Gieson etc.
* Embryo(Chick embryo) mounting and serial sections of embryo should be taken and Stained with
Haematoxyline & Eosin.
* Knowledge of light microscope and electron microscope.
* Detailed microscopic study of all the t issues(General and Systemic slides).
Method of Training:
The candidates shall attend all the undergraduate Theory and Practical classes regularly. Rotation
postings of PG students shall be made in the II and III years of the
Course as follows:
1. General Surgery - 4 weeks ()
2. Orthopaedics - 2 weeks () II year
3. Radiodiagnosis - 2 weeks ()
2. A practical record of work done in Histology and Gross Anatomy with an emphasis on Cross
sectional Anatomy has to be maintained by the candidate and duly scrutinized and certified by the
head of the department and to be submitted to the external examiner during the final examination.
3. A list of the seminars and journal clubs that have been attended and participated by the student has to
be maintained which should be scrutinized by the head of the department.
The assessment will be done by all the recognized P.G. teachers of the Department and the progress record
should be maintained by the head of the department.
During the course of study every candidate has to prepare a dissertation individually, on a selected topic
under the direct guidance and supervision of a recognized postgraduate teacher as per MCI and RGUHS
regulations.
The suggested time schedule for dissertation work is:
1. Preparation work for dissertation synopsis including pilot study and submission of the synopsis to the
University within 6 months from the commencement of course or as per the dates notified by the University
from time to time.
2. Data collection for dissertation and writing the dissertation.
3. The candidates shall report the progress of the dissertation work to the concerned guide
periodically and obtain clearance for the continuation of the dissertation work.
4. Submission of the dissertation six months prior to the final examination or as per the dates
notified by the University from time to time.
Registration of dissertation topic:
Every candidate shall submit a synopsis in the prescribed proforma for registration of
Dissertation topic by the University after it is scrutinized by the P.G.training cum Research Committee of
the concerned institution. The synopsis shall be sent within the first 6 months from the commencement of
the course or as notified by the University in the calendar of events, to the Registrar(Academic).
Submission of dissertation:
The dissertation shall be submitted to the Registrar(Evaluation) of the University six months prior to the
final examination or as notified in the calendar of events. Approval
of the dissertation by the panel of examiners is a prerequisite for a candidate to appear for the University
examination.
The written examination consists of four papers, with maximum marks of 100 for each paper. Each
paper will be of three hours duration.
Each Theory paper consists of:
Paper-II
a) General & Systemic Embryology including growth, development and Teratology
b) Comparative Anatomy
c) Principles of Physical Anthropology
Paper-III
a) General & Systemic Histology and Principles of Microscopy
b) Histological, museum and embalming techniques including medico legal aspects
c) Human Genetics.
Paper – IV
a) Neuroanatomy
b) Applied Anatomy, Cross Sectional Anatomy, Radiological Anatomy & Newer Imaging Techniques.
c) Recent advances in Anatomy.
*The topics assigned to the different papers are given as general guidelines. A strict division of subjects
may not be possible. Some overlapping of topics is inevitable. Students should be prepared to answer the
overlapping topics.
B. Practicals – 200 marks Gross Anatomy – 100 marks, Histology – 100 marks
i) Gross Anatomy
To dissect in 3 hours and display for discussion the allotted dissection exercise on a human cadaver.
Distribution of Marks:
Surface Anatomy = 10
Dissection = 40
Discussion = 50
Total: 100_ marks
ii) Histology
1. This includes all the components of the syllabus along with specimens, skiagrams,
including newer imaging techniques, bones and embryology models including a problem solving
exercise and discussion on the dissertation topic submitted for the examination.
= 80 marks
2. Pedagogy: Demonstration of teaching sksill/techniques = 20 marks
Gross Anatomy:
1. Susan Standring – Gray’s Anatomty – 39th Edition, Elsevier, 2005.
2. McMinn R.M.H.Last’s Anatomy – 8th Edition, ELBS, 1990
3. Basmajain.V.John and Slonecker.E.Charles,Grant’s Method of Anatomy, 11th Edition, Williams
and Wilkins 1989.
4. Hollinshed.W. Henry, Anatomy for Surgeons – 4th Edition, Harper and Raw Publishers,1985.
5. DUPLESSIS and Gadecker Lee Mcgregor’s, Synopsis of Surgical Anatomy – 12th Edition,
K.M.Varghese Company,1986.
6. Snell.S.Richard, Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students – 5th Edition, Little Brown & Company,
1985.
7. Grant Boileau.J.C., An Atlas of Anatomy – 5th Edition, Williams and Wilkins – 1984.
8. Graggs Hall E.C.B, Anatomy as a basis for Clinical Medicine – 2nd Edition, Williams and
Williams, 1990.
9. Mc Minn M.H.Robert, Mc Minn’s Functional and Clinical Anatomy – 1st Edn.Mosbu
Publications,1995.
10. A.K.Datta, Text Book of Anatomy Vol.I, II & III – 4th Edition, 1997, Current Books
International.
11. Le Gross Clark, Tissues of the Body – 6th Edn. 1980, Oxford University Press.
12. Keith & Moore, Clinically Orient ed Anatomy – 3rd Edition, 1992, Williams & Wilkins.
Histology:
1. Cormack.H.David, Ham’s Text Book of Histology – 9th Edn. J.B.Lippincott Company,1987.
2. Copenhaver.M.Wilfred et al, Bailey’s Text book of Histology - 17th Edition, Williams and
Wilkins, 1978.
3. Difiore. S.H.Mariano, Atlas of Human Histology – 5th Edition, Lea Febiger Publishers, 1985.
4. Janqueira.C.Luis et al, Basic Histology – 2nd Edition, Large Medical Publication, 1971.
5. Drury R.A.B., Wallington E.A. Carlton’s Histological Technique – 5th Edition, Oxford
University Press, 1980.
6. Cullings, Histological Technique – 3rd Edition, 1994, Butterworths.
7. John D.Bancroft, Manual of Histological Technique – 1st Edition, 1984, Churchil Livingstone.
8. Michael H.Ross, Histology – A Text & Atlas – 3rd Edition, 1985, Williams & Wilkins.
9. Bloom and Fawcett, Text Book of Histology, W.B.Saunder’s Company.
Embryology:
1. Hamilton W.J. and Mossman H.W.Human Embryology – 4th Edition, Williams and Wilkins
Company, 1972.
2. Sadler.T.W.,Langman’s Medical Embryology – 7th Edition, Williams and Wilkins Company
1995.
3. A.K.Dutta, Essentials of Human Embryology – 2nd Edition, Current Books International, 1991.
4. Moore Persaud, The Developing Human – 7th Edition, Elsevier, 2003.
5. Larsen, Human Embryology – 2nd Edition, 1997, Churchil Livingstone.
6. Langman, Medical Embryology, T.W. Sadur – 9th Edition, 2004, Lippincott, Williams &
Wilkins.
Neuro Anatomy:
1. Everett.N.B., Functional Neuroanatomy - 6th Edition, Lee and
Febigger,1971.
2. Chusid.G.Joseph, Correlative Neuroanatomy and Functional Neurology – 16th Edition, Lange
Medical Plublication, 1976.
3. A.K.Datta, Neuroanatomy - 1st Edition, Current Books International, 1997.
4. Snell.S. Richard, Clinical Neuroanatomy for Medical Students - 4th Edition, Lippincott – Raven,
1982.
5. Parent Andre, Carpenter’s Neuroanatomy – 9th Edition, Williams and Wilkins, 1996.
6. Inderbir Singh, Neuroanatomy – 5th Edition , 1997, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publications.
1. Robert F.Mueller, Emery’s Elements of Medical Genetics – 9th Edition, 1995, Churchil
Livingstone.
2. Nora & Frazer, Medical Genetics Principles, 1974, Lee & Gebiger, Philadelphia.
3. Friedman, NMS Genetics – 2nd Edition , 1996.
4. Alfred G.Kudson Jr., Genetics & Disease, Mc Graw Hill Book Company N.Y.
5. Thomas D.Gelehrtar, Principles of Medical Genetics – 2nd Edition, 1990, Williams & Wilkins.
6. J.M.Conner M A Ferguson Smith, Essentials of Medical Genetics, Blackwell Scientific
Publications.
Comparative Anatomy:
1. Banks Histology and Comparative Organology, A Text & Atlas, Edition 1974.
2. Wolstenhome, Taste & Smell in Vertebrates, Edition 1970.
3. Embryogenesis in Mammals, CIBA foundation, Edition 1976.
4. George.C.Kent, Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates – 3rd Edition, 1983, Mc.Graw Hill Book
Company.
5. Romer, Vertbrate Body – 5th Edition, 1978, V.B. Saunders Company.
Physical Anthropology:
1. Harrision, Human Biology an introduction to Human Evolution and Growth – 2nd Edn.1970 2.
Poirie, Fossil Man, 197
Embalming Techniques:
1. Jayavelu.T., Embalming Techniques, Churchil Lilvingston.
2. Ansari M.C., Embalming.
3. Embalming, Ajmani -1st Edition, 1998, J.P.Publishers.
Museum Techniques:
1. Tompsett RH, Anatomical Techniques.
2. Edwards JJ, Medical Museum Techniques, Oxford University Press.
Journals:
Additional Reading:
2. Nationald Health Policy, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Nirman Bhawan,
New Delhi, 1983.
3. Santolsh Kumar, The elements of Research, writing and editing 1994, Dept.of
Urology, JIPMER, Pondicherry.
4. Srinivasa D.K. et al, Medical Education Principles and Practice, 1995. National
Teacher Training Centre, JIPMER, Pondicherry.
6. Code of Medical Ethics framed under section 33 of the Indian Medical Council Act,1956.Medical
Council of India, Kotla Road, New Delhi.
8. Indian National Science Academy, Guidelines for care and use of animals in Scientific Research,
New Delhi, 1994.
9. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, Uniform requirements for manuscript submitted
to biomedical journals, N Engl J Med 1991.
10. Kirkwood B R, Essentials of Medical Statistics, - 1st Ed., Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications,
1988.
11. Mahajan.B.K. Methods in Bio Statistics for medical students - 5th Ed., New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publishers, 1989.
12. Raveendran B Gitanjali, A Practical approach to P.G.dissertation, New Delhi, JP Publications, 1998.
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TIME TABLE FOR M. D., ANATOMY STUDENTS
DAY 8AM TO 9AM 9AM TO 10AM 10AM T0 11AM 11AM TO 1PM 2.30PM TO 4.30PM
U.G. U.G.
P.G. U.G.
MONDAY DISSECTION HISTOLOGY
DISSECTION PRACTICALS LECTURE
PRACTICALS PRACTICALS
P.G.
P.G. U.G. U.G.
U.G. GROUP
TUESDAY DISSERTATIO DISSECTION HISTOLOGY
LECTURE DISCUSSION
N WORK PRACTICALS PRACTICALS
U.G. U.G.
U.G. P.G.
WEDNESDAY DISSECTION HISTOLOGY
LECTURE HISTOLOGY PRACTICALS
PRACTICALS PRACTICALS
P.G.
P.G. U.G. U.G.
U.G. GROUP
THURSDAY DISSERTATIO DISSECTION HISTOLOGY
LECTURE DISCUSSION
N WORK PRACTICALS PRACTICALS
P.G. SUBJECT
U.G.
DISSERTATION U.G. SEMINAR/JOURNAL
SATURDAY TUTORIALS --
WORK LECTURE CLUB
MODEL CHECK LIST FOR EVALUATION OF JOURNAL PRESENTATIONS
2 Extent of understanding
of scope & objectives of
the paper by the
candidate
3 Whether cross-
references have been
consulted
5 Ability to respond to
question on the
paper/subject
Total score
MODEL CHECK LIST FOR EVALUATION OF SEMINAR PRESENTATIONS
3 Completeness of
preparation
4 Clarity of presentation
5 Understanding of subject
7 Time scheduling
Total score
MODEL CHECK LIST FOR EVALUATION OF TEACHING SKILL PRACTICE
3 The introduction
9 Ask questions
2 Appropriate review
4 Quality of protocol
5 Preparation of proforma
Total score
CONTINUOUS EVALUTION OF DISSERTATION WORK BY GUIDE/CO-GUIDE
3 Depth of analysis/
discussion
4 Department presentation
of findings
6 Others
Total score
ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES ATTENDED
Name:
Admission Year:
College: