If constant velocity = constant speed (a=0)

● 𝝼 = 𝝼0
PHYS*1080 FORMULA SHEET 04/11/18
● ∆𝞆 = 𝝼0 x time
Translational Motion ● 𝝼^2 ≠ 𝝼0^2 Elasticity
constant acceleration (a ≠ 0): Newton’s Laws:
1 𝜋𝐺𝑟 4 𝜃
𝑥 = 𝑥0 + 𝑣0 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2 𝐹⃗𝑛𝑒𝑡 = ∑ 𝐹⃗ = 𝑚𝑎⃗ -> ā = v^2 / R 𝐹 ∆ℓ 𝜏𝑆 =
2 =𝑌 2ℓ
𝐴 ℓ0
𝑣 = 𝑣0 + 𝑎𝑡 𝐹𝑘 = 𝜇𝑘 𝑁 2𝜋𝐺(𝑟̅ )3 𝑡𝜃
𝜎 = 𝑌𝜀 𝜏𝐻 =
𝑣 2 = 𝑣02 + 2𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) 𝐹𝑠 ≤ 𝜇𝑠 𝑁 ℓ
𝐹𝑠 ∆𝑥
𝑣0 + 𝑣 𝑚1 𝑚2 𝐺𝑚 =𝐺 = 𝐺 tan 𝜑 ≈ 𝐺𝜑 𝑟𝑜 + 𝑟𝑖
𝑥 − 𝑥0 = ( )𝑡 𝐹𝐺 = 𝐺 ; 𝑔= 2 𝐴 ℓ 𝑟̅ = 𝑡 = 𝑟𝑜 − 𝑟𝑖
2 𝑟2 𝑟 2
Shear shear stain:
Momentum:
stress ℰs = 𝞆 / 𝓵
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐶 = 𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 + 𝑣⃗𝐵𝐶 𝑝⃗ = 𝑚𝑣⃗ ________________________________________________
Kinetic Energy:
1 Fluid Statics
𝐾= 𝑚𝑣 2 𝑈 = 𝑚𝑔𝑦 𝑊 = 𝐹∆𝑟 cos 𝜃
2
∆𝐸 𝑅
𝑊𝑇𝑂𝑇 = ∆𝐾 𝑃= ∆𝑃 = 𝜌𝑔𝑑 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇 𝑘𝐵 = 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑁𝑘𝐵 𝑇
∆𝑡 𝑁𝐴
𝑃1 𝜌1 𝑚𝑔
________________________________________________ − (ℎ −ℎ ) 𝑊 𝐹
= = 𝑒 𝐵𝑇 1 0
𝑘
𝛾= =
T (tension) = F (force) = mv^2/R 𝑃0 𝜌0 ∆A ℓ
𝛚 = revolution x 2𝛑 rad/s
Rotational Motion
𝑤 = Angular velocity 2𝛾 2𝛾 cos 𝜃
𝑃 − 𝑃𝑒𝑥𝑡 = ∆𝑃 = (single surface) 𝑦=
1 rpm = 2𝛑/60 rad/sec; 𝑟 𝜌𝑔𝑟
𝜃 = 𝜃0 + 𝜔0 𝑡 + 𝛼𝑡 2 ∆𝑠 = 𝑟∆𝜃 rpm/60 = frequency in Hz (rev/s) ________________________________________________
2
𝑣 = 𝑟𝜔 𝛚 = v/r
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓
𝜔 = 𝜔0 + 𝛼𝑡 Fluid Dynamics
1
𝑎𝑡 = 𝑟𝛼acceleration
Tangential
𝑇=
𝜔 =2
𝜔02 + 2𝛼(𝜃 − 𝜃0 ) 𝑓
𝑣2 𝑉 1
total revolutions: 𝜔0 + 𝜔 𝑎𝑐 = = 𝜔2 𝑟 acceleration
Centripetal 𝑄= = 𝐴𝑣𝑎𝑣 𝑃 + 𝜌𝑣 2 + 𝜌𝑔𝑦 = constant Bernoulli
** 𝜃 − 𝜃0 = ( )𝑡 𝑟 𝑡 2 density whenever tube is changing shape
2 𝜌𝑣𝑎𝑣 𝐷
Newton’s Laws: Momentum: 𝜋𝑟 4 Δ𝑃 𝑅𝑒 = Reynold’s number
𝐿 = 𝐼𝜔 𝑄= Poiseuille 𝜂
𝜏𝑛𝑒𝑡 = ∑ 𝜏 = 𝐼𝛼 𝐼 = ∑ 𝑚𝑖 𝑟𝑖2 Kinetic Energy:
8𝜂 𝐿
when need to consider viscosity
𝑖 1
𝜏 = ±𝐹𝑑⊥ = ±𝐹⊥ 𝑑 𝐾 = 𝐼𝜔2 𝑇 = Δ𝑃 𝑟 (cylinder)
2
________________________________________________
cylindrical tube (curved only in one direction): P = T/r

________________________________________________ if need to convert “100” mmHg to Pa for question —> p (density

of mercury) x 9.8 x (“100”/1000 <make it to meter>)
angular acceleration (α):
α = 𝑤2 - 𝑤1
∆𝐭

** NOTE: only gives radians; need to times

1rev / 2π rad to get revolutions
Buoyant force: 𝝆(density)*𝑽(Volume)*g

Thermal Motion of Molecules Heat

Boltzmann’s distribution
𝑁𝐸 𝐸 −1
− 𝐹𝑣 = ℱ𝑣 𝑄 = 𝑚𝐶∆𝑇 2𝜋ℎ𝑐 2 ℎ𝑐
𝑝𝐸 = = 𝑒 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 𝑊= (𝑒 𝜆𝑘𝐵 𝑇 − 1)
𝑁𝑇𝑂𝑇 ℱ = 6𝜋𝜂𝑟 (sphere) 𝑄 ∆𝑇 𝜆5
𝐸 −𝐸 Δ𝐸 or mgh = 𝑃 = 𝑘𝐴
𝑁2 − 2 1 − 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 Stokes-Einstein 𝑡 ∆𝑥
= 𝑒 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 = 𝑒 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 2.897 × 106 nm∙K
𝑁1 𝐷= 𝜆𝑚 =
ℱ Equation
𝑇
𝑁1 𝑉(𝜌−𝜌ℓ )𝑔
− (ℎ1 −ℎ0 ) Buoyancy
=𝑒 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 𝐼 = 𝜎𝑇 4
𝑁0 𝜎 = 5.671 × 10−8 W/m2 ∙K 4
𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝜎(𝑇14 − 𝑇24 )
2𝑟 2 "𝑔" 𝑔 (gravity)
𝑣𝑡 = (𝜌 − 𝜌ℓ ) where "𝑔" = { 2 2 𝑇 = 𝑇𝑠 + (𝑇𝑜 − 𝑇𝑠 )𝑒 −𝜅𝑡
9𝜂 4𝜋 𝑓 𝑅 (centrifuge)
How far?
RMS displacement 1 𝑑𝑛 𝑑𝐶 ________________________________________________
𝑅𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √̅𝑅̅̅2̅ = √̅̅̅
𝑥 2 + ̅̅̅
𝑦 2 + ̅̅̅
𝑧 2 = √6𝐷𝑡 𝐽= = −𝐷
𝐴 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥
Material Properties
4 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 3
√̅̅̅
𝑥 2 + ̅̅̅
𝑦 2 = √4𝐷𝑡 D = diffusion coefficient 𝑀 = 𝜋𝜌𝑁𝐴 ( )
molecular 3 6𝜋𝜂𝐷 Densities: water: 1.00 × 103 kg/m3
weight
𝑅𝑇𝒞 mass/ volume mercury: 1.36 × 104 kg/m3
√̅̅̅
𝑥 2 = √2𝐷𝑡 Π = 𝑅𝑇𝐶 = blood: 1.05 × 103 kg/m3
Osmotic 𝑀
Pressur protein: ≈ 1.3 × 103 kg/m3
𝟏 𝐝𝐦^𝟑 = 𝟏𝟎^−𝟑 𝐦𝟑 = 𝟏 𝐋
_________________________________________________________
e
air (20℃, 1 atm): 1.2 kg/m3
Surface tension (water): 7.28 × 10−2 N/m
Numerical Constants & Conversions
Viscosity (water): 0.00100 N∙s/m2
𝑔 = 9.80 m/s 2 1 cal = 4.184 J Specific heat capacity (water) = 4186 J/kg∙K
−11 2 2 5
𝐺 = 6.673 × 10 N∙m /kg 1 atm = 1.01 × 10 Pa = 14.7 psi Specific heat capacity (tissue) = 3350 J/kg∙K
𝑐 = 3.00 × 108 m/s 1 L = 1 dm3 𝐿𝑓 (water) = 3.35 × 105 J/kg
ℎ = 6.63 × 10−34 J∙s 𝑇(K) = 273 K + 𝑇(℃) 𝐿𝑣 (water) = 2.26 × 106 J/kg
𝑁𝐴 = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1 1 μm = 1 × 10−6 m Normal body temperature = 37℃
𝑘𝐵 = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K 1 nm = 1 × 10−9 m Extras
𝑅 = 𝑘𝐵 𝑁𝐴 = 8.315 J/mol∙K −𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
Quadratic Equation x =
2𝑎
04/11/18