Bio Project

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL
VADODARA
2019 – 2020
BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT:
IN VITRO FERTILISATION
NAME –
CBSE ROLL NUMBER –
CLASS –
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that

Dip Rudakia
has satisfactorily completed the
Biology Investigatory Project
On the topic : In Vitro fertilisation
Under the guidance of
Miss Chinmayee Panigrahy.
As prescribed by CBSE course
In the year 2019-2020.
________________ _________________
________________
TEACHER’S EXTERNAL
SCHOOL
SIGNATURE EXAMINER
STAMP
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special
Thanks and gratitude to my Biology
Teacher miss Chinmayee Panigrahy
Whose valuable advices did enhance
the perfection of my work. I am highly
indebted to our principal
Mr. Alok K Sinha for giving us this
Golden opportunity to do this
wonderful
Project. I would also like to thank my
Biology lab assistant miss Haley for her
Valuable advice.
OBJECTIVE
To study the process of
In vitro Fertilisation
INDEX
In Vitro Fertilisation
Introduction
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is
combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro ("in glass"). The
process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory
process, removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the
woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a liquid in a
laboratory. After the fertilised egg (zygote) undergoes embryo
culture for 2–6 days, it is implanted in the same or another
woman's uterus, with the intention of establishing a
successful pregnancy.
Terminology
The Latin term in vitro, meaning "in glass", is used because
early biological experiments involving cultivation of tissues
outside the living organism were carried out in glass
containers, such as beakers, test tubes, or Petri dishes. Today,
the scientific term "in vitro" is used to refer to any biological
procedure that is performed outside the organism in which it
would normally have occurred, to distinguish it from an in
vivo procedure (such as in vivo fertilisation), where the tissue
remains inside the living organism in which it is normally
found.
A colloquial term for babies conceived as the result of IVF,
"test tube babies", refers to the tube-shaped containers of
glass or plastic resin, called test tubes, that are commonly used
in chemistry and biology labs. However, IVF is usually
performed in Petri dishes, which are both wider and shallower
and often used to cultivate cultures.
In a broader sense, IVF is a form of assisted reproductive
technology (ART).
Types of IVF techniques and

Their methodologies
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
IUI involves the injection of a prepared sperm from the male
partner into the woman’s womb around the time of ovulation.
Dr Wingfield said “you monitor the woman. When she is ovulating
you get the man to produce a sperm sample, prepare that in the
lab to select out the best sperm, and then put the sperm into her
uterus”. However, the success rate with IUI is “low” and “everything
has to be nearly normal. So the woman has to be ovulating, her
pelvis needs to be more or less normal, her fallopian tubes need to
be normal and the sperm needs to be normal, or just slightly below
par.”
In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF)
The world’s first IVF baby, Louise Brown, was born in 1978. Since
then more than five million IVF babies have been born worldwide.
IVF involves a number of key steps. These include ovarian
stimulation where a woman takes fertility drugs, usually in the form
of daily injections, to stimulate her ovaries to produce multiple
eggs. The woman is then sedated and the eggs are retrieved. The
aim is to collect between 8 and 10 eggs but some women will have
more and some will have less. Once the eggs are collected they are
mixed with the sperm in the lab and left to incubate in the hope
that the eggs will fertilise and form embryos. Meanwhile, the
woman also takes other fertility drugs to build up the lining of her
womb so it is ready to receive and accommodate the resulting
embryos.
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
ICSI is a type of IVF usually used in cases where a man has a

very low sperm count or poor sperm motility. With standard
IVF, approximately 100,000 sperm are put in with each egg and
placed overnight in an incubator where the hope is that one
sperm will fertilise each egg. With ICSI a single sperm is
injected into the egg. “The whole procedure as far as the
couple is concerned is the same – it is just the way we process
the sperm and the eggs in the lab that is different,” Dr
Wingfield says.
IVF in a woman under the age of 35 has a success rate of up to
50 per cent but it is very important to know whether clinics are
quoting the chance of having a positive pregnancy test or of
actually having a baby (livebirth rate).
IVF using donor eggs
Success rates for IVF plummet once a woman reaches 40, so

some couples turn to donor eggs. In IVF with donor eggs, the
process is exactly the same except that the donor undergoes
ovarian stimulation and egg collection. The donor eggs are then
mixed with the male partner’s sperm and the embryo transferred
into the woman’s womb.
Because the donors are young, with young eggs, the success rate
for IVF with donor eggs is much higher at up to 60 per cent.

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DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

This is to certify that

Types of IVF techniques and

In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF)

ICSI is a type of IVF usually used in cases where a man has a

IVF using donor eggs

Success rates for IVF plummet once a woman reaches 40, so

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