MTech ECE VLSIVLSI D VLSI SDVLSI PDF

INJNTU.COM INJNTU.
COM
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA
KAKINADA – 533 003, Andhra Pradesh, India
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS M.Tech ECE

VLSI, VLSI Design, VLSI System Design,
VLSI Micro-Electronic Programme
(Applicable for batches admitted from 2019-2020)
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

INJNTU.COM INJNTU.COM
I Semester
Course
S.No Course Name P.Os Category L T P Credits
No
1 PC CMOS Analog IC Design 3 0 0 3
2 PC CMOS Digital IC design 3 0 0 3
1. VLSI Technology
3 PE 2. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 3 0 0 3
3. MEMS Technology
1. Device Modeling
4 PE 2.Nano-electronics 3 0 0 3
3.Photonics
5 Research methodology and IPR 2 0 0 2
6 Lab 1 CMOS Analog IC Design Lab 0 0 4 2
7 Lab 2 CMOS Digital IC Design Lab 0 0 4 2
8 Aud 1 Audit course-1 2 0 0 0
Total 18
II Semester
S.No Course No Course Name P.Os Category L T P Credits
1 PC Mixed Signal & RF IC Design 3 0 0 3
2 PC Physical Design Automation 3 0 0 3
1. Design For Testability
3 PE 2. IOT & its Applications 3 0 0 3
3. VLSI Signal Processing
1. Network Security & Cryptography
4 PE 2. Microcontrollers & programmable 3 0 0 3
Digital Signal Processors
3. Low Power VLSI Design
5 Lab 1 Mixed Signal IC Design Lab 0 0 4 2
6 Lab 2 Physical Design Automation Lab 0 0 4 2
7 MP Mini Project 0 0 4 2
8 Aud 2 Audit Course – 2 2 0 0 0
Total 18
*Students be encouraged to go to Industrial Training/Internship for at least 2-3 weeks during semester break.
III Semester*
1. Scripting Languages for VLSI
1 PE 2. Digital System Design & Verification 3 0 0 3
3. Hardware Software co-design
1. Business Analytics
2. Industrial Safety
3. Operations Research
2 OE 4. Cost Management of Engineering 3 0 0 3
Projects
5. Composite Materials
6. Waste to Energy
Dissertation Phase -I /Industrial Project
3 Dissertation (to be continued and 0 0 20 10#
evaluated next semester)
Total 16
#
Evaluated and Displayed in IV Semester Marks list.
*Students going for Industrial Project/Thesis will complete these courses through MOOCs
IV Semester
1 Dissertation Project/ Dissertation Phase-II 0 0 32 16

(continued from III semester)
Total 16
Audit Course 1& 2
1. English for Research Paper Writing
2. Disaster Management
3. Sanskrit for Technical Knowledge
4. Value Education
5. Constitution of India
6. Pedagogy Studies
7. Stress Management by Yoga
8. Personality Development through Life Enlightenment Skills
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
CMOS Analog IC Design
Course objectives:
 This course focuses on theory, analysis and design of analog integrated circuits in both
Bipolar and Metal-Oxide-Silicon (MOS) technologies.
 Basic design concepts, issues and tradeoffs involved in analog IC design are explored.
 Intuitive understanding and real-life applications are emphasized throughout the course.
 To learn about Design of CMOS Op Amps, Compensation of Op Amps, Design of Two-
Stage Op Amps, Power Supply Rejection Ratio of Two-Stage Op Amps, Cascade Op Amps,
Measurement Techniques of OP Amp.
 To know about Characterization of Comparator, Two-Stage, Open-Loop Comparators,
Improving the Performance of Open-Loop Comparators, Discrete-Time Comparators etc.
UNIT -I
Basic MOS Device Physics – General Considerations, MOS I/V Characteristics, Second Order
effects, MOS Device models. Short Channel Effects and Device Models. Single Stage Amplifiers –
Basic Concepts, Common Source Stage, Source Follower, Common Gate Stage, Cascode Stage.
UNIT -II:
Differential Amplifiers – Single Ended and Differential Operation, Basic Differential Pair,
CommonMode Response, Differential Pair with MOS loads, Gilbert Cell. Passive and Active
Current Mirrors– Basic Current Mirrors, Cascode Current Mirrors, Active Current Mirrors.
UNIT -III:
Frequency Response of Amplifiers – General Considerations, Common Source Stage,
SourceFollowers, Common Gate Stage, Cascode Stage, Differential Pair. Noise – Types of Noise,
Representation of Noise in circuits, Noise in single stage amplifiers, Noise in Differential Pairs.
UNIT -IV:
Feedback Amplifiers – General Considerations, Feedback Topologies, Effect of
Loading.OperationalAmplifiers – General Considerations, One Stage Op Amps, Two Stage Op
Amps, Gain Boosting,Common – Mode Feedback, Input Range limitations, Slew Rate, Power
Supply Rejection, Noise in Op Amps. Stability and Frequency Compensation.
UNIT -V:
Characterization of Comparator, Two-Stage, Open-Loop Comparators, Other Open-Loop
Comparators, Improving the Performance of Open-Loop Comparators, Discrete-Time Comparators.
Text Books:
1. B.Razavi, “Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits”, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill
Edition2016.
2. Paul. R.Gray& Robert G. Meyer, “Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits”, Wiley,
5th Edition, 2009.
Reference Books:
1. T. C. Carusone, D. A. Johns & K. Martin, “Analog Integrated Circuit Design”, 2nd
Edition,Wiley, 2012.
2. P.E.Allen&D.R. Holberg, “CMOS Analog Circuit Design”, 3rd Edition, Oxford University
Press, 2011.
3. R. Jacob Baker, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation”, 3rd Edition, Wiley, 2010.
4. Recent literature in Analog IC Design.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
 Design MOSFET based analog integrated circuits.
 Analyze analog circuits at least to the first order.
 Appreciate the trade-offs involved in analog integrated circuit design.
 Understand and appreciate the importance of noise and distortion in analog circuits.
 Analyze complex engineering problems critically in the domain of analog IC design for
conducting research.
 Solve engineering problems for feasible and optimal solutions in the core area of analog ICs.
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
CMOS Digital IC design

Course objectives:
 To understand the fundamental properties of digital Integrated circuits using basic MOSFET
equations and to develop skills for various logic circuits using CMOS related design styles.
 The course also involves analysis of performance metrics.
 To teach fundamentals of CMOS Digital integrated circuit design such as importance of
Pseudo logic, Combinational MOS logic circuits, and Sequential MOS logic circuits.
 To teach the fundamentals of Dynamic logic circuits and basic semiconductor memories
which are the basics for the design of high performance digital integrated circuits.
UNIT-I: MOS Design

Pseudo NMOS Logic – Inverter, Inverter threshold voltage, Output high voltage, Output Low
voltage, Gain at gate threshold voltage, Transient response, Rise time, Fall time, Pseudo NMOS
logic gates, Transistor equivalency, CMOS Inverter logic.
UNIT-II: Combinational MOS Logic Circuits:

MOS logic circuits with NMOS loads, Primitive CMOS logic gates – NOR & NAND gate, Complex
Logic circuits design – Realizing Boolean expressions using NMOS gates and CMOS
gates, AOI and OAI gates, CMOS full adder, CMOS transmission gates, Designing with
Transmission gates.
UNIT-III: Sequential MOS Logic Circuits

Behaviour of bistable elements, SR Latch, Clocked latch and flip flop circuits, CMOS D latch
and edge triggered flip-flop.
UNIT-IV: Dynamic Logic Circuits
Basic principle, Voltage Bootstrapping, Synchronous dynamic pass transistor circuits, Dynamic
CMOS transmission gate logic, High performance Dynamic CMOS circuits.
UNIT-V: Semiconductor Memories

Types, RAM array organization, DRAM – Types, Operation, Leakage currents in DRAM cell
and refresh operation, SRAM operation Leakage currents in SRAM cells, Flash Memory- NOR
flash and NAND flash.
Text Books:
1. Digital Integrated Circuit Design – Ken Martin, Oxford University Press, 2011.
2. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design – Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici,TMH,
3rd Ed., 2011.
Reference Books:
1. Introduction to VLSI Systems: A Logic, Circuit and System Perspective – Ming-BO Lin, CRC
Press, 2011
2. Digital Integrated Circuits – A Design Perspective, Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha Chandrakasan
Borivoje Nikolic, 2nd Ed., PHI.
Course Outcomes:
 Demonstrate advanced knowledge in Static and dynamic characteristics of CMOS,
Alternative CMOS Logics, Estimation of Delay and Power, Adders Design.
 Classify different semiconductor memories.
 Analyze, design and implement combinational and sequential MOS logic circuits.
 Analyze complex engineering problems critically in the domain of digital IC design for
conducting research.
 Solve engineering problems for feasible and optimal solutions in the core area of digital ICs.
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
VLSI Technology
(Elective I)
UNIT 1: MOS Transistors

Introduction, The Structure of MOS Transistors, The Fluid Model, The MOS Capacitor, The MOS
Transistor, Modes of Operation of MOS Transistors, Electrical Characteristics of MOS Transistors,
Threshold Voltage, Transistor Trans conductance gm, Figure of Merit, Body Effect, Channel-Length
Modulation, MOS Transistors as a Switch, Transmission Gate
UNIT 2: MOS Fabrication Technology
Introduction, Basic Fabrication Processes, Wafer Fabrication, Oxidation, Mask Generation,

Photolithography, Diffusion, Deposition. N-MOS Fabrication Steps, CMOS Fabrication Steps, n-
Well Process, p-Well Process, Twin-Tub Process, Latch-Up Problem and Its Prevention, Use of
Guard Rings, Use of Trenches, Short-Channel Effects-Channel Length Modulation Effect. Drain-
Induced Barrier Lowering, Channel Punch Through, Hot carrier effect, Velocity Saturation Effect
UNIT 3: Layout Design Rules
Scaling Theory, Scalable CMOS Design Rules, CMOS Process Enhancements, Transistors,
Interconnects, Circuit Elements, Efficient layout Design techniques
UNIT 4: Combinational Logic Networks

Layouts for logic networks. Delay through networks. Power optimization.Switch logic networks.
Combinational logic testing
UNIT 5: Sequential Systems

Memory cells and Arrays, clocking disciplines, sequential circuit Design, Performance
Analysis,Power optimization, Design validation and testing.
Text Books:
1.Principals of CMOS VLSI Design-N.H.EWeste, K. Eshraghian, 2nd Edition, Addison Wesley.
2. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design – Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici,
TMH, 3rd Ed., 2011.
3.Low-Power VLSI Circuits and Systems,Ajit Pal, SPRINGER PUBLISHERS
4. Modern VLSI Design – Wayne Wolf, 3rd Ed., 1997, Pearson Education.
Reference Books:
1. Digital Integrated Circuit Design – Ken Martin, Oxford University Press, 2011.
2. Digital Integrated Circuits – A Design Perspective, Jan M. Rabaey, AnanthaChandrakasan,
Borivoje Nikolic, 2nd Ed., PHI.
Course outcomes
At the end of the course the student able to

 Understand the basics of MOS transistors and also the characteristics of MOS transistors.
 Learn about the MOS fabrication process and short channel effects.
 Learn about the basic rules in layout designing.
 Analyse various combinational logic networks and sequential systems.
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

(Elective I)
UNIT I
Introduction of nano materials and nanotechnologies, Features of nanostructures, Applications of
nano materials and technologies. Nano dimensional Materials 0D, 1D, 2D structures – Size Effects –
Fraction of Surface Atoms –Specific Surface Energy and Surface Stress – Effect on the Lattice
Parameter – Phonon Density of States – the General Methods available for the Synthesis of
Nanostructures – precipitate – reactive– hydrothermal/solvo thermal methods – suitability of such
methods for scaling – potential Uses.
UNIT II
Fundamentals of nano materials, Classification, Zero-dimensional nano materials, One-dimensional
nano materials, Two-dimensional nano materials, Three dimensional nano materials. Low-
Dimensional Nano materials and its Applications, Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Low-
Dimensional Carbon-Related Nano materials.
UNIT III
Micro- and Nanolithography Techniques, Emerging Applications Introduction to Micro electro
mechanical Systems (MEMS), Advantages and Challenges of MEMS, Fabrication Technologies,
Surface Micromachining, Bulk Micromachining, Molding. Introduction to Nano Phonics.
UNIT IV
Introduction, Synthesis of CNTs - Arc-discharge, Laser-ablation, Catalytic growth, Growth
mechanisms of CNT‟s - Multi-walled nano tubes, Single-walled nano tubes Optical properties of
CNT‟s, Electrical transport in perfect nano tubes, Applications as case studies. Synthesis and
Applications of CNT's.
UNIT V
Ferroelectric materials, coating, molecular electronics and nano electronics, biological and
environmental, membrane based application, polymer based application.
Text Books:
1. Kenneth J. Klabunde and Ryan M. Richards, “Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry”, 2nd

edition,John Wiley and Sons, 2009.
2. I Gusev and A ARempel, “Nanocrystalline Materials”, Cambridge International Science
Publishing, 1st Indian edition by Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. 2008.
3. B. S. Murty, P. Shankar, Baldev Raj, B. B. Rath, James Murday, “Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology”, Tata McGraw Hill Education 2012.
Reference Books:
1. Bharat Bhushan, “Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology”, Springer, 3rd edition, 2010.

2. Kamal K. Kar, “Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications”,
Research Publishing Services; 1 st edition, 2011, ISBN-13: 978-9810863975.
Course Outcomes:
 To understand the basic science behind the design and fabrication of nano scale systems.
 To understand and formulate new engineering solutions for current problems and competing
technologies for future applications.
 To be able make inter disciplinary projects applicable to wide areas by clearing and fixing
the boundaries in system development.
 To gather detailed knowledge of the operation of fabrication and characterization devices to
achieve precisely designed systems
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
MEMS Technology
(Elective I)
UNIT-I: Introduction to MEMS

Introduction to MEMS & Real world Sensor/Actuator examples (DMD, Air-bag, pressure sensors).
MEMS Sensors in Internet of Things (IoT), Bio-Medical Applications
UNIT-II: MEMS Materials and Their Properties

Materials (eg. Si, SiO2, SiN, Cr, Au, Ti, SU8, PMMA, Pt); Important properties: Young modulus,
Poisson‟s ratio, density, piezo-resistive coefficients, TCR, Thermal Conductivity, Material Structure.
Understanding Selection of materials based on applications.
UNIT-III: MEMS Fab Processes – 1

Understanding MEMS Processes & Process parameters for: Cleaning, Growth &Deposition, Ion
Implantation & Diffusion, Annealing, Lithography. Understanding selection of Fab processes based
on Applications.
UNIT-IV: MEMS Fab Processes – 2

Understanding MEMS Processes & Process parameters for: Wet & Dry etching, Bulk& Surface
Micromachining, Die, Wire & Wafer Bonding, Dicing, Packaging. Understanding selection of Fab
processes based on Applications
UNIT-V: MEMS Devices

Architecture, working and basic quantitative behaviour of Cantilevers, Micro heaters,
Accelerometers, Pressure Sensors, Micro mirrors in DMD, Inkjet printer-head. Understanding steps
involved in Fabricating above devices
Text Books:
1. An Introduction to Micro electromechanical Systems Engineering; 2nd Ed - by N.Maluf, K
Williams; Publisher: Artech House Inc
2. Practical MEMS - by Ville Kaajakari; Publisher: Small Gear Publishing
3. Micro system Design - by S. Senturia; Publisher: Springer
Reference Books:
1. Analysis and Design Principles of MEMS Devices - MinhangBao; Publisher:Elsevier Science.

2. Fundamentals of Micro fabrication - by M. Madou; Publisher: CRC Press; 2 edition
3. Micro Electro Mechanical System Design - by J. Allen; Publisher: CRC Press
4. Micro machined Transducers Sourcebook - by G. Kovacs; Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Course Outcomes:
 To understand the basic concepts of MEMS technology and working of MEMS devices.
 To understand and selecting different materials for current MEMS devices and competing
Technologies for future applications
 To understanding the concepts of fabrication process of MEMS, Design and Packaging
Methodology.
 To analyze the various fabrication techniques in the manufacturing of MEMS Devices.
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
Device Modelling
(Elective II)
UNIT I
2-terminal MOS device: threshold voltage modelling (ideal case as well as considering the effects of
Qf, Φms and Dit.).
UNIT II
C-V characteristics (ideal case as well as taking into account the effects of Qf, Φms and Dit);MOS
capacitor as a diagnostic tool ( measurement of non-uniform doping profile, estimation of Qf, Φms
and Dit)
UNIT III
4-terminal MOSFET: threshold voltage (considering the substrate bias); above threshold I-V
modelling (SPICE level 1,2,3 and 4).
UNIT IV
Sub threshold current model; scaling; effect of threshold tailoring implant (analytical modelling of
threshold voltage using box approximation); buried channel MOSFET. Short channel, DIBL and
narrow width effects; small signal analysis of MOSFETs (Meyer‟smodel)
UNIT V
SOI MOSFET: basic structure; threshold voltage modelling Advanced topics: hot carriers in
channel; EEPROMs; CCDs; high-K gate dielectrics.
Text Books:
1. D.G.Ong , “Modern MOS Technology: Processes, Devices and Design”, McGraw Hill,1984.
2. Y.Taur and T.H.Ning, “Fundamentals of modern VLSI Devices” Cambridge Univ. Press,1998.
3. S.M.Sze, “Physics of Semiconductor Devices” Wiley,1981.
Course Outcomes:
 To understand the physics of 2-terminal MOSoperation and its characteristics
 To understand the physics of 4-terminal MOSFEToperation and its characteristics
 To analyze the SOI MOSFET electrical characteristics
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
Nano-electronics
(Elective II)
UNIT I
Properties of Individual Nanoparticles: Introduction, Metal Nano Clusters, Semiconducting
Nanoparticles, Rare Gas and Molecular Clusters, Methods of Synthesis.
UNIT II
The nanoscale MOSFET, FinFETs, Vertical MOSFETs, limits to scaling, system integration limits
(interconnect issues etc.), Resonant Tunnelling Transistors.
Carbon NanoStructures: Introduction, Carbon Molecules, Carbon Clusters, Carbon Nano Tubes,
Application of Carbon Nanotubes.
UNIT III
Carbon Nanotubes for Data Processing – Introduction, Electronic Properties, Synthesis of Carbon
Nanotubes, Carbon Nanotube Interconnects, Carbon Nanotubes Field Effect Transistors (CNTFETs),
Nanotubes for Memory Applications, Prospects of an All-CNT Nanoelectronics.
Neuroelectronic Interfacing: Semiconductor Chips with Ion Channels, Nerve Cells, and Brain:
Introduction, Iono-Electronic Interface, Neuron-Silicon Circuits, Brain-Silicon Chips.
UNIT IV
Optical 3-D Time-of-Flight Imaging System: Introduction, Taxonomy of Optical 3-D Techniques,
CMOS Imaging, CMOS 3-D Time-of-Flight Image Sensor, Application Examples
Pyroelectric Detector Arrays for IR Imaging: Introduction, Operation Principle of Pyroelectric IR
Detectors, Pyroelectric Materials, Realized Devices, Characterization, and Processing Issues
UNIT V
Electronic Noses: Introduction, Operating Principles of Gas Sensor Elements, Electronic Noses,
Signal Evaluation, Dedicated Examples. 2-D Tactile Sensors and Tactile Sensor Arrays:
Introduction, Definitions and Classifications, Resistive Touch screens, Ultrasonic Touch screens,
Robot Tactile Sensors, Fingerprint Sensors
Text Books:
1. Introduction to Nanotechnology, C.P. Poole Jr., F.J. Owens, Wiley (2003),
2. Nano electronics and Information Technology (Advanced Electronic Materials and Novel
Devices), WaserRanier ,Wiley-VCH,2003
Reference Books:
1. Nanosystems, K.E. Drexler,Wiley (1992).
2. The Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductors, John H. Davies, “Cambridge University
Press, "1998
Course Outcomes:
 To understand and challenges due to scaling on CMOS devices
 To analyze and explain working of novel MOS based silicon devices and various multi gate
devices.
 To understand working of spin electronic devices
 To understand nanoelectronic systems and building blocks such as: low dimensional
semiconductors, heterostructures, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, nano wires etc.
L P C
I Year I Semester
3 0 3
PHOTONICS
(Elective II)
UNIT - I: Laser systems

General description, Laser structure, Single mode laser theory, Excitation mechanism andworking
of: CO2, Nitrogen, Argon ion, Excimer, X-ray, Free-electron, Dye, Nd:YAG,Alexanderite and
Ti:sapphire lasers, Diode pumped solid state laser, Optical parametricoscillator (OPO) lasers. Optical
amplifiers- Semiconductor optical amplifiers, Erbium dopedwaveguide optical amplifiers, Raman
amplifiers, Fiber Lasers. Laser Applications-Lasers inIsotope separation, Laser interferometry and
speckle metrology, Velocity measurements.
UNIT - II: Properties of laser Radiation

Introduction, Laser linewidth, Laser frequency stabilization, Beam divergence, Beamcoherence,
Brightness, Focusing properties of laser radiation, Q-switching, Methods of Q- switching:Rotating-
mirror method, Electro-optic Q-switching, Acoustic-optic Q-switching and Passive Q-switching,
Mode locking, Methods of mode locking: Active and passive modelocking techniques, Frequency
doubling and Phase conjugation
UNIT - III: Opto-electronic Devices -I

Introduction, P-N junction diode, Carrier recombination and diffusion in P-N junction,Injection
efficiency, Internal quantum efficiency, Hetero-junction, Double hetero-junction,Quantum well,
Quantum dot and Super lattices; LED materials, Device configuration andefficiency.
UNIT - IV: Opto-electronic Devices -II

Light extraction from LEDs, LED structures-single heterostructures, doubleheterostructures, Device
performances and applications, Quantum well lasers; Photodiodeand Avalanche photodiodes
(APDs), Laser Diodes-Amplification, Feedback and oscillation,Power and efficiency, Spectral and
spatial characteristics.
UNIT – V: Modulation of Light

Introduction, Birefringence, Electro-optic effect, Pockels and Kerr effects, Electro-
opticPhasemodulation, Electro-optic amplitude modulation, Electro-optic modulators: scanning and
switching, Acousto-optic effect, Acousto-optic modulation, Raman-Nath and Bragg modulators:
deflectors and spectrum analyzer, Magneto-optic effect, Faraday rotator as anoptical isolator.
Advantages of optical modulation.
Text books:
1. Lasers: Principles and applications by J.WilsonAndJ.F.B.Hawkes,
Prentice, Hall of India, New Delhi, 1996.
2. Laser fundamentals, W.T.Silfvast, Foundation books, New Delhi, 1999.
3.Semi conductoropto electronics devices, P. Bhattacharya, Prentice – Hall of India,
New Delhi, 1995.17
Reference Books:
1. Optical fiber communications, John M. Senior, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, 2001
2. Optoelectronics: An Introduction, J.WilsonAndJ.F.B.Hawkes, Prentice-Hall of India,
New Delhi, 1996.
3.Electro-Optical devices, M.A. Karim, Boston, Pws-Kent Publishers, 1990
Course Outcomes:
 Classify the Optical sources and detectors and to discuss their principle.
 Familiar with Design considerations of fiber optic systems.
 To perform characteristics of optical fiber, sources and detectors, design as well as conduct
experiments in software and hardware, analyze the results to provide valid conclusions.
 apply the principles of atomic physics to materials used in optics and photonics;
 calculate properties of and design modern optical fibres and photonic crystals;
 use the tools, methodologies, language and conventions of physics to test and communicate
ideas and explanations;
 integrate several components of the course in the context of a new situation (unique to
postgraduate coursework).
L P C
I Year I Semester
2 0 2
Research Methodology and IPR
Unit 1:
Meaning of research problem, Sources of research problem, Criteria Characteristics ofa good
research problem, Errors in selecting a research problem, Scope and objectives ofresearch problem.
Approaches of investigation of solutions for research problem, data collection, analysis,
interpretation, Necessary instrumentations
Unit 2:
Effective literature studies approaches, analysis Plagiarism, Research ethics. Effective technical
writing, how to write report, Paper Developing a Research Proposal, Format of research proposal, a
presentation and assessment by a review committee
Unit 3:
Nature of Intellectual Property: Patents, Designs, Trade and Copyright. Process ofPatenting and
Development: technological research, innovation, patenting, development.International Scenario:
International cooperation on Intellectual Property. Procedure for grantsof patents, Patenting under
PCT.
Unit 4:
Patent Rights: Scope of Patent Rights. Licensing and transfer of technology. Patentinformation and
databases. Geographical Indications.
Unit 5:
New Developments in IPR: Administration of Patent System. New developments in IPR; IPR of
Biological Systems, Computer Software etc. Traditional knowledge Case Studies,IPR and IITs.
Text Books:
1. Stuart Melville and Wayne Goddard, “Research methodology: an introduction for science
& engineering students‟”
2. Wayne Goddard and Stuart Melville, “Research Methodology: An Introduction”
3. Ranjit Kumar, 2nd Edition , “Research Methodology: A Step by Step Guide for beginners”
4. Halbert, “Resisting Intellectual Property”, Taylor & Francis Ltd ,2007.
Reference Books:
1. Mayall , “Industrial Design”, McGraw Hill, 1992.

2. Niebel , “Product Design”, McGraw Hill, 1974.
3. Asimov , “Introduction to Design”, Prentice Hall, 1962.
4. Robert P. Merges, Peter S. Menell, Mark A. Lemley, “ Intellectual Property in New
5. Technological Age”, 2016.
6. T. Ramappa, “Intellectual Property Rights Under WTO”, S. Chand, 2008
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will be able to
 Understand research problem formulation.
 Analyze research related information
 Follow research ethics
 Understand that today‟s world is controlled by Computer, Information Technology, but
tomorrow world will be ruled by ideas, concept, and creativity.
 Understanding that when IPR would take such important place in growth of individuals &
nation, it is needless to emphasis the need of information about Intellectual Property Right to
be promoted among students in general & engineering in particular.
 Understand that IPR protection provides an incentive to inventors for further research work
and investment in R & D, which leads to creation of new and better products, and in turn
brings about, economic growth and social benefits.
I Year I Semester L P C
0 4 2
CMOS Analog IC Design Lab

 The students are required to design and implement any TEN Experiments using CMOS
130nm Technology with Mentor Graphics Tool/ Cadence/ Synopsys/Industry Equivalent
Standard Software.
 The students are required to implement LAYOUTS of any SIX Experiments using CMOS
130nm Technology with Mentor Graphics Tool/ Cadence/ Synopsys/Industry Equivalent
Standard Software. and Compare the results with Pre-Layout Simulation.
List of Experiments:
1. MOS Device Characterization and parametric analysis

2. Common Source Amplifier
3. Common Source Amplifier with source degeneration
4. Cascode amplifier
5. simple current mirror
6. cascode current mirror.
7. Wilson current mirror.
8. Differential Amplifier
9. Operational Amplifier
10. Sample and Hold Circuit
11. Direct-conversion ADC
12. R-2R Ladder Type DAC
Lab Requirements:
Software:
Mentor Graphics – Pyxis Schematic, IC Station, Calibre, ELDO Simulator
Hardware:
Personal Computer with necessary peripherals, configuration and operating System.
Course Outcomes:
1. Have the ability to explain the VLSI Design Methodologies using Mentor Graphics Tools
2. Grasp the significance of various cmos analog circuits in full-custom IC Design flow
3. Have the ability to explain the Physical Verification in Layout Design
4. Fully Appreciate the design and analyze of analog and mixed signal simulation
5. Grasp the Significance of Pre-Layout Simulation and Post-Layout Simulation
L P C
I Year I Semester
0 4 2
CMOS Digital IC design Lab
 The students are required to design and implement the Circuit and Layout of any TEN
Experiments using CMOS 130nm Technology with Mentor Graphics Tool/ Cadence/
Synopsys/Industry Equivalent Standard Software.
List of Experiments:
1. Inverter Characteristics.
2. NAND and NOR Gate
3. XOR and XNOR Gate
4. 2:1 Multiplexer
5. Full Adder
6. RS-Latch
7. Clock Divider
8. JK-Flip Flop
9. Synchronous Counter
10. Asynchronous Counter
11. Static RAM Cell
12. Dynamic Logic Circuits
13. Linear Feedback Shift Register
Lab Requirements:
Software:
Mentor Graphics Tool/ Cadence/ Synopsys/Industry Equivalent Standard Software
Hardware:
Course Outcomes:
1. Have the ability to explain the VLSI Design Methodologies using Mentor Graphics Tools
2. Grasp the significance of various design logic Circuits in full-custom IC Design.
3. Have the ability to explain the Physical Verification in Layout Extraction
4. Fully Appreciate the design and analyze of CMOS Digital Circuits
5. Grasp the Significance of Pre-Layout Simulation and Post-Layout Simulation
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
Mixed Signal & RF IC Design

Course Objectives:
 To understand the design of basic cells like Op-Amp, against process and temperature
variations meeting the mixed signal specifications.
 To be able to design comparators that can meet the high speed requirements of digital
circuitry.
 To be able to design a complete mixed signal system that includes efficient data conversion
and RF circuits with minimizing switching.
 To understand the design bottlenecks specific to RF IC design, linearity related issues, and
ISI.
 To have a comprehensive idea about different multiple access techniques, wireless standards
and various transceiver architectures
UNIT -I
Basic Building Blocks, OpAmp, Capacitors, Switches, Non-overlapping Clocks, Basic Operation
and Analysis, ResistorEquivalence of a Switched Capacitor, Parasitic-Sensitive Integrator,Parasitic-
InsensitiveIntegrators, Signal-Flow-Graph Analysis, Noise in Switched-CapacitorCircuit
UNIT -II:
Ideal D/A Converter, Ideal A/D Converter, Quantization Noise, Deterministic Approach, Stochastic
Approach, Signed Codes, Performance Limitations, Resolution, Offset and Gain
Error, Accuracy and Linearity
Integrating Converters, Successive-Approximation Converters, DAC-Based
SuccessiveApproximation, Charge-Redistribution A/D, Resistor-Capacitor Hybrid, Speed Estimate
forCharge-Redistribution Converters, Error Correction in Successive-Approximation Converters
UNIT -III:
Basic Phase-Locked Loop Architecture, Voltage Controlled Oscillator, Divider PhaseDetector, Loop
Filer, The PLL in Lock, Linearized Small-Signal Analysis, Second-Order PLL Model,Limitations of
the Second-Order Small-Signal Model, PLL Design Example, Jitter andPhase Noise, Period Jitter ,
P-Cycle Jitter, Adjacent Period Jitter, other SpectralRepresentations of Jitter, Probability Density
Function of Jitter, Ring Oscillators , LCOscillators , phase Noise of Oscillators, jitter and Phase
Noise in PLLS
UNIT -IV:
INTRODUCTION TO RF AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY: Complexity comparison, Design
bottle necks, Applications, Analog and digital systems, Choice of Technology. BASICCONCEPTS
IN RF DESIGN: Nonlinearity and time variance, ISI, Random process and noise, sensitivity and
dynamic range, passive impedance transformation.
UNIT -V:
Multiple Access: Techniques and wireless standards, mobile RF communication,FDMA, TDMA,
CDMA, Wireless standards.
Transceiver Architectures: General considerations, receiver architecture, Transmitter Architecture,
transceiver performance tests,case studies.
Amplifiers, Mixers And Oscillators: LNAs, down conversion mixers, CascadedStages, oscillators,
Frequency synthesizers.
Text Books:
1. David A Johns, Ken Martin: Analog IC design, Wiley 2008.
2. R Gregorian and G C Temes: Analog MOS integrated circuits for signal
processing, Wiley 1986
Reference Books:
1. Roubik Gregorian: Introduction to CMOS Op-amps and comparators, Wiley, 2008.

2. Behzad Razavi, RF Microelectronics Prentice Hall of India, 2001
3. Thomas H. Lee, The Design of CMOS Radio Integrated Circuits, Cambridge
University Press.
Course Outcomes:
 Design basic cells like Op-Amp, against process and temperature variations meeting the
mixed signal specifications
 Design comparators that can meet the high speed requirements of digital circuitry.
 Design a complete mixed signal system that includes efficient data conversion and RF
circuits with minimizing switching.
 Understand the design bottlenecks specific to RF IC design, linearity related issues and ISI
 Comprehend different multiple access techniques, wireless standards and various transceiver
architectures
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
Physical Design Automation

Course Objectives:
 To understand the relationship between design automation algorithms and various constraints
posed by VLSI fabrication and design technology.
 To learn the design algorithms to meet the critical design parameters.
 To know the layout optimization techniques and map them to the algorithms
 To understand proto-type EDA tools and know how to test its efficacy
UNIT -I
VLSI design Cycle, Physical Design Cycle, Design Rules, Layout of Basic Devices, and Additional
Fabrication, Design styles: full custom, standard cell, gate arrays, field programmable gate arrays,
sea of gates and comparison, system packaging styles, multi-chip modules. Design rules, layout of
basic devices, fabrication process and its impact on physical design, interconnect delay, noise and
cross talk, yield and fabrication cost.
UNIT -II:
Factors, Complexity Issues and NP-hard Problems, Basic Algorithms (Graph and Computational
Geometry): graph search algorithms, spanning tree algorithms, shortest path algorithms, matching
algorithms, min-cut and max-cut algorithms, Steiner tree algorithms
UNIT -III:
Basic Data Structures, atomic operations for layout editors, linked list of blocks, bin based methods,
neighbour pointers, corner stitching, multi-layer operations.
UNIT -IV:
Graph algorithms for physical design: classes of graphs, graphs related to a set of lines, graphs
related to set of rectangles, graph problems in physical design, maximum clique and minimum
coloring, maximum k-independent set algorithm, algorithms for circle graphs.
UNIT -V:
Partitioning algorithms: design style specific partitioning problems, group migrated algorithms,
simulated annealing and evolution, and Floor planning and pin assignment, Routing and placement
algorithms
Text Books:
1. NaveedShervani, Algorithms for VLSI Physical Design Automation, 3rd Edition,
Kluwer Academic, 1999.
2. Charles J Alpert, Dinesh P Mehta, Sachin S Sapatnekar, Handbook of Algorithms forPhysical
Design Automation, CRC Press, 2008
Course Outcomes:
 Understand the relationship between design automation algorithms and Various constraints
posed by VLSI fabrication and design technology.
 Adapt the design algorithms to meet the critical design parameters.
 Identify layout optimization techniques and map them to the algorithms
 Develop proto-type EDA tool and test its efficacy
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
Design for Testability
(Elective III)
UNIT -I
Testing Philosophy, Role of Testing, Digital and Analog VLSI Testing, VLSI TechnologyTrends
affecting Testing, Types of Testing, Fault Modeling: Defects, Errors and Faults,Functional Versus
Structural Testing, Levels of Fault Models, Single Stuck-at Fault.
UNIT -II:
Simulation for Design Verification and Test Evaluation, Modeling Circuits for Simulation,
Algorithms for True-value Simulation, Algorithms for Fault Simulation.
UNIT -III:
SCOAP Controllability and Observability, High Level Testability Measures, Digital DFT and
Scan Design: Ad-Hoc DFT Methods, Scan Design, Partial-Scan Design, Variations of Scan.
UNIT -IV:
The Economic Case for BIST, Random Logic BIST: Definitions, BIST Process, PatternGeneration,
Response Compaction, Built-In Logic Block Observers, Test-Per-Clock, Test-
PerScanBISTSystems,CircularSelf-TestPathSystem,MemoryBIST, DelayFaultBIST.
UNIT -V:
Motivation, System Configuration with Boundary Scan: TAP Controller and Port, BoundaryScan
Test Instructions, Pin Constraints of the Standard, Boundary Scan Description Language:
BDSL Description Components, Pin Descriptions.
Text Books:
1. Essentials of Electronic Testing for Digital, Memory and Mixed Signal VLSI Circuits -M.L.
Bushnell, V. D. Agrawal, Kluwer Academic Pulishers.
Reference Books:
1. Digital Systems and Testable Design - M. Abramovici, M.A.Breuer and A.D Friedman,
Jaico Publishing House.
2. Digital Circuits Testing and Testability - P.K. Lala, Academic Press.
Course Outcomes:
 Demonstrate advanced knowledge in The basic faults that occur in digital systems, Testing of
stuck at faults for digital circuits, Design for testability.
 Analyze testing issues in the field of digital system design critically for conducting research.
 Solve engineering problems by modeling different faults for fault free simulation in digital
circuits.
 Apply appropriate research methodologies and techniques to develop new testing strategies
for digital and mixed signal circuits and systems.
L P C
I Year II Semester 3 0 3
IOT and its Applications

(Elective III)
UNIT I:Fundamentals of IoT- Evolution of Internet of Things, Enabling Technologies, IoT

Architectures,oneM2M, IoT World Forum (IoTWF) and Alternative IoT models, Simplified IoT
Architecture and Core IoT Functional Stack, Fog, Edge and Cloud in IoT, Functional blocks of an
IoT ecosystem, Sensors, Actuators, Smart Objects and Connecting Smart Objects.
IoT Platform overview: Overview of IoT supported Hardware platforms such as: Raspberry pi, ARM
Cortex Processors, Arduino and Intel Galileo boards.
UNIT II: IoT Protocols- IT Access Technologies: Physical and MAC layers, topology and Security
of IEEE 802.15.4, 802.15.4g, 802.15.4e, 1901.2a, 802.11ah and Lora WAN, Network Layer: IP
versions, Constrained Nodes and Constrained Networks, Optimizing IP for IoT: From 6LoWPAN to
6Lo, Routing over Low Power and Lossy Networks, Application Transport Methods: Supervisory
Control and Data Acquisition, Application Layer Protocols: CoAP and MQTT.
UNIT III: Design And Development- Design Methodology, Embedded computing logic,
Microcontroller, System on Chips, IoT system building blocks, Arduino, Board details, IDE
programming, Raspberry Pi, Interfaces and Raspberry Pi with Python Programming.
UNIT IV: Data Analytics And Supporting Services- Structured Vs Unstructured Data and Data in
Motion Vs Data in Rest, Role of Machine Learning – No SQL Databases, Hadoop Ecosystem,
Apache Kafka, Apache Spark, Edge Streaming Analytics and Network Analytics, Xively Cloud for
IoT, Python Web Application Framework, Django, AWS for IoT, System Management with
NETCONF-YANG
UNIT V: Case Studies/Industrial Applications: IoT applications in home, infrastructures,

buildings, security, Industries, Home appliances, other IoT electronic equipments. Use of Big Data
and Visualization in IoT, Industry 4.0 concepts.
Sensors and sensor Node and interfacing using any Embedded target boards (Raspberry Pi / Intel
Galileo/ARM Cortex/ Arduino)
Text Books:
1.IoT Fundamentals: Networking Technologies, Protocols and Use Cases for Internet of Things,
David Hanes, Gonzalo Salgueiro, Patrick Grossetete, Rob Barton and Jerome Henry, Cisco
Press, 2017
Reference Books:
1. Internet of Things – A hands-on approach, ArshdeepBahga, Vijay Madisetti, Universities Press,

2015
2. The Internet of Things – Key applications and Protocols, Olivier Hersent, David Boswarthick,
Omar Elloumi and Wiley, 2012 (for Unit 2).
3. “From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things – Introduction to a New Age of
Intelligence”,Jan Ho¨ ller, VlasiosTsiatsis, Catherine Mulligan, Stamatis, Karnouskos, Stefan
Avesand. David Boyle and Elsevier, 2014.
4. Architecting the Internet of Things,Dieter Uckelmann, Mark Harrison, Michahelles and Florian
(Eds), Springer, 2011.
5. Recipes to Begin, Expand, and Enhance Your Projects, 2nd Edition,Michael Margolis, Arduino
Cookbook and O‟Reilly Media, 2011.
Course Outcomes:
 Apply the Knowledge in IOT Technologies and Data management.
 Determine the values chains Perspective of M2M to IOT.
 Implement the state of the Architecture of an IOT.
 Compare IOT Applications in Industrial & real world.
 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding the security and ethical issues of an IOT.
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
VLSI Signal Processing
(Elective III)
UNIT -I
Introduction to DSP: Typical DSP algorithms, DSP algorithms benefits, Representation of DSP
algorithms Pipelining and Parallel Processing
Introduction, Pipelining of FIR Digital filters, Parallel Processing, Pipelining and Parallel Processing
for Low Power Retiming Introduction, Definitions and Properties, Solving System of Inequalities,
Retiming Techniques
UNIT –II
Folding and Unfolding: Folding- Introduction, Folding Transform, Register minimization
Techniques, Register minimization in folded architectures, folding of Multirate systems
Unfolding- Introduction, An Algorithm for Unfolding, Properties of Unfolding, critical Path,
Unfolding and Retiming, Applications of Unfolding
UNIT -III
Systolic Architecture Design: Introduction, Systolic Array Design Methodology, FIR Systolic
Arrays, Selection of Scheduling Vector, Matrix Multiplication and 2D Systolic Array Design,
Systolic Design for Space Representations contain Delays.
UNIT -IV
Fast Convolution: Introduction – Cook-Toom Algorithm – Winogard algorithm – Iterated
Convolution – Cyclic Convolution – Design of Fast Convolution algorithm by Inspection
Unit 5: Digital lattice filter structures, bit level arithmetic, architecture, redundant arithmetic.
Numerical strength reduction, synchronous, wave and asynchronous pipe lines, low
power design.
Low Power Design:Scaling Vs Power Consumption, Power Analysis, Power Reduction techniques,
Power Estimation Approaches
Text Books:
1. Keshab K. Parthi[A1] , VLSI Digital signal processing systems, design and
implementation[A2] , Wiley, Inter Science, 1999.
2. Mohammad Isamail and Terri Fiez, Analog VLSI signal and information processing,
McGraw Hill, 1994
3. S.Y. Kung, H.J. White House, T. Kailath, VLSI and Modern Signal Processing, Prentice
Hall, 1985.
Course Outcomes
On successful completion of the module, students will be able to:
1. Ability to modify the existing or new DSP architectures suitable for VLSI.
2. Understand the concepts of folding and unfolding algorithms and applications.
3. Ability to implement fast convolution algorithms.
Low power design aspects of processors for signal processing and wireless applications.
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
Network Security and Cryptography

(Elective IV)
Unit 1:Security
Need, security services, Attacks, OSI Security Architecture, one time passwords, Model forNetwork
security, Classical Encryption Techniques like substitution ciphers, Transpositionciphers,
Cryptanalysis of Classical Encryption Techniques.
Number Theory
Introduction, Fermat‟s and Euler‟s Theorem, The Chinese Remainder Theorem,
EuclideanAlgorithm, Extended Euclidean Algorithm, and Modular Arithmetic.
Unit 2: Private-Key (Symmetric) Cryptography

Block Ciphers, Stream Ciphers, RC4 Stream cipher, Data Encryption Standard
(DES),AdvancedEncryption Standard (AES), Triple DES, RC5, IDEA, Linear and
DifferentialCryptanalysis.
Unit 3:Public-Key (Asymmetric) Cryptography
RSA, Key Distribution and Management, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, Elliptic

CurveCryptography, Message Authentication Code, hash functions, message digest algorithms:MD4
MD5, Secure Hash algorithm, RIPEMD-160, HMAC.
Unit 4:Authentication
IP and Web Security Digital Signatures, Digital Signature Standards, Authentication
Protocols,Kerberos, IP security Architecture, Encapsulating Security Payload, Key Management,
WebSecurity Considerations, Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security, Secure
ElectronicTransaction.
Unit 5:System Security

Intruders, Intrusion Detection, Password Management, Worms, viruses, Trojans,
VirusCountermeasures, Firewalls, Firewall Design Principles, Trusted Systems.
Text Books:
1. William Stallings, “Cryptography and Network Security, Principles and Practices”,
Pearson Education, 3rd Edition.
2. Charlie Kaufman, Radia Perlman and Mike Speciner, “Network Security, Private
3. Communication in a Public World”, Prentice Hall, 2nd Edition
Reference Books:
1. Christopher M. King, Ertem Osmanoglu, Curtis Dalton, “Security Architecture, Design
Deployment and Operations”, RSA Pres,
2. Stephen Northcutt, LenyZeltser, Scott Winters, Karen Kent, and Ronald W. Ritchey,
3. “Inside Network Perimeter Security”, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition
4. Richard Bejtlich, “The Practice of Network Security Monitoring: Understanding Incident
Course Outcomes:
 Identify and utilize different forms of cryptography techniques.
 Incorporate authentication and security in the network applications.
 Distinguish among different types of threats to the system and handle the same.
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
Microcontrollers and Programmable Digital Signal Processors

(Elective IV)
Unit 1:
ARM Cortex-M3 processor: Applications, Programming model – Registers,
Operationmodes,Exceptions and Interrupts, Reset Sequence Instruction Set, Unified Assembler
Language,Memory Maps, Memory Access Attributes, Permissions, Bit-Band Operations, Unaligned
andExclusive Transfers. Pipeline, Bus Interfaces
Unit 2:
Exceptions, Types, Priority, Vector Tables, Interrupt Inputs and Pending behavior, Fault Exceptions,
Supervisor and Pendable Service Call, Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller, BasicConfiguration,
SYSTICK Timer, Interrupt Sequences, Exits, Tail Chaining, Interrupt Latency.
Unit 3:
LPC 17xx microcontroller- Internal memory, GPIOs, Timers, ADC, UART and other
serialinterfaces, PWM, RTC, WDT
Unit 4:
Programmable DSP (P-DSP) Processors:Harvard architecture, Multi port memory, architectural
structure of P-DSP- MAC unit, Barrelshifters, Introduction to TI DSP processor family
Unit 5:
VLIW architecture and TMS320C6000 series, architecture study, data paths, cross
paths,Introduction to Instruction level architecture of C6000 family, Assembly Instructions
memoryaddressing, for arithmetic, logical operationsCode Composer Studio for application
development for digital signal processing,On chip peripherals, Processor benchmarking
Text Books:
1. Joseph Yiu, “The definitive guide to ARM Cortex-M3”, Elsevier, 2nd Edition
2. Venkatramani B. and Bhaskar M. “Digital Signal Processors: Architecture, Programming
and Applications” , TMH , 2nd Edition
3. Sloss Andrew N, Symes Dominic, Wright Chris, “ARM System Developer's Guide:
Designing and Optimizing”, Morgan Kaufman Publication
Reference Books:
1.. Steve furber, “ARM System-on-Chip Architecture”, Pearson Education
2. Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, “Embedded System Design”, Wiley
3. Technical references and user manuals on www.arm.com, NXP Semiconductorwww.nxp.com
and Texas Instruments www.ti.com
Course Outcomes:
 Compare and select ARM processor core based SoC with several features/peripherals
based on requirements of embedded applications.
 Identify and characterize architecture of Programmable DSP Processors
 Develop small applications by utilizing the ARM processor core and DSP processor
basedplatform.
L P C
I Year II Semester
3 0 3
LOW POWER VLSI DESIGN

(Elective IV)
UNIT-I: Sources of Power Dissipation

Introduction, Short-Circuit Power Dissipation, Switching Power Dissipation, Dynamic Power for a
Complex Gate, Reduced Voltage Swing, Switching Activity, Leakage Power Dissipation, p–n
Junction Reverse-Biased Current, Band-to-Band Tunneling Current, Sub threshold Leakage Current,
Short-Channel Effects
UNIT 2: Supply Voltage Scaling for Low Power
Device Feature Size Scaling, Constant-Field Scaling, Constant-Voltage Scaling, Architectural-Level

Approaches: Parallelism for Low Power, Pipelining for Low Power, Combining Parallelism with
Pipelining, Voltage Scaling Using High-Level Transformations: Multilevel Voltage Scaling
Challenges in MVS Voltage Scaling Interfaces, Static Timing Analysis Dynamic Voltage and
Frequency Scaling
UNIT-3: Switched Capacitance Minimization
Probabilistic Power Analysis: Random logic signals, probability and frequency, probabilistic power
analysis techniques, signal entropy, Bus Encoding: Gray Coding, One-Hot Coding, Bus-Inversion,
T0 Coding, Clock Gating, Gated-Clock FSMs FSM State Encoding, FSM Partitioning, Pre
computation, Glitching Power Minimization
UNIT 4: Leakage Power Minimization
Fabrication of Multiple Threshold Voltages, Multiple Channel Doping, Multiple Oxide CMOS,
Multiple Channel Length, Multiple Body Bias, VTCMOS Approach, MTCMOS Approach, Power
Gating, Clock Gating Versus Power Gating, Power-Gating Issues, Isolation Strategy, State Retention
Strategy, Power-Gating Controller, Power Management, Combining DVFS and Power Management
UNIT 5: Low power clock distribution & Simulation Power Analysis
Low power clock distribution: Power dissipation in clock distribution, single driver versus
distributed buffers, Zero skew versus tolerable skew, chip and package co design for clock network.
Simulation Power Analysis: SPICE circuit simulators, gate level logic simulation, capacitive power
estimation, architecture level analysis, data correlation analysis of DSP systems, Monte Carlo
Simulation
Text Books:
1. Low-Power VLSI Circuits and Systems,Ajit Pal, SPRINGER PUBLISHERS

2. Practical Low Power Digital VlsiDesign , Gary Yeap Motorola, Springer
Science Business Media, LLC.
Reference Books:
1. Low Power CMOS Design – Anantha Chandrakasan, IEEE Press/Wiley International, 1998.
2
2. MassoudPedram, Jan M. Rabaey , “Low power design methodologies “, Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
3. Low Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design – A. Bellamour, M. I. Elamasri, Kluwer Academic
Press, 1995.
Course Outcomes:
 Identify the sources of power dissipation in digital IC systems & understand the
impact of power on system performance and reliability.
 Characterize and model power consumption & understand the basic analysis
methods.
 Understand leakage sources and reduction techniques.
L P C
I Year II Semester
0 4 2
Mixed Signal IC Design Lab

Detailed Syllabus:
Cycle 1:
1) Fully compensated op-amp with resistor and miller compensation
2) High speed comparator design
i. Two stage cross coupled clamped comparator
ii. Strobed Flip-flop
3) Data converter
Cycle 2:
1) Switched capacitor circuits
i. Parasitic sensitive integrator
ii. Parasitic insensitive integrator
2) Design of PLL
3) Design of VCO
4) Bandgap reference circuit
5) Layouts of All the circuits Designed and Simulated
Software:
Mentor Graphics/ Cadence/ Tanner/Industry Equivalent Standard Software Tools
Hardware:
Reading:
1) David A johns, Ken Martin, Analog Integrated Circuit Design, Wiley, 2008.
2) R. Gregorian and G.C Ternes, Analog MOS Integrated Circuits for Signal Processing, Wiley,
1986.
3) Roubik Gregorian, Introduction to CMOS OpAmp and Comparators, Wiley, 1999.
4) Alan Hastlings, The art of Analog Layout, Wiley, 2005.
L P C
I Year II Semester
0 4 2
Physical Design Automation Lab

Detailed syllabus:
Cycle 1:
1) Graph algorithms
a) Graph search algorithms
i. Depth first search
ii. Breadth first search
b) Spanning tree algorithm
i. Kruskal‟s algorithm
c) Shortest path algorithm
i. Dijkstra algorithm
ii. Floyd- Warshall algorithm
d) Steiner tree algorithm
2) Computational geometry algorithm

a) Line sweep method
b) Extended line sweep method
Cycle 2:
3) Partitioning algorithms
I) Group migration algorithms
a) Kernighan –Lin algorithm
b) Extensions of Kernighan-Lin algorithm
i) Fiduccias –Mattheyses algorithm
ii) Goldberg and Burstein algorithm
II) Simulated annealing and evolution algorithms
a) Simulated annealing algorithm
b) Simulated evolution algorithm
III) Metric allocation method
4) Floor planning algorithms

i) Constraint based methods
ii) Integer programming based methods
iii) Rectangular dualization based methods
iv) Hierarchical tree based methods
v) Simulated evolution algorithms
vi) Time driven Floorplanning algorithms
5) Routing algorithms
I) Two terminal algorithms
a) Maze routing algorithms
i)Lee‟s algorithm
ii) Soukup‟s algorithm
iii) Hadlock algorithm
b) Line-Probe algorithm
c) Shortest path based algorithm
II) Multi terminal algorithm
a) Stenier tree based algorithm
i) SMST algorithm
ii) Z-RST algorithm
Software required: C/C++ Programming Language /Relevant software
Reading:
1) Naveed Shervani, Algorithms for Physical Design Automation, 3rd Edition, Kluwer
Academic,1998.
2) Charles J Alpert, Dinesh P Mehta, Sachin S. Sapatnekar, Handbook of Algorithms for
Physical Design Automation, CRC Press,2008.
L P C
I Year II Semester
0 4 2
MINI PROJECT
Syllabus Contents
The students are required to search / gather the material / information on a specific a topic
comprehend it and present / discuss in the class.
Course Outcomes
1. Understand of contemporary / emerging technology for various processes and systems.
2. Share knowledge effectively in oral and written form and formulate documents
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
Scripting Languages for VLSI

(Elective V)
UNIT-I:
Introduction to Scripts and Scripting: Basics of Linux, Origin of Scripting languages,
scriptingtoday, Characteristics and uses of scripting languages.
PERL: Introduction to PERL, Names and values, Variables and assignment, Scalar
expressions,Control structures, Built-in functions, Collections of Data, working with arrays, Lists
and hashes,
Simple input and output, Strings, Patterns and regular expressions, Subroutines, Scripts
witharguments.
UNIT-II:
Advanced PERL: Finer points of Looping, Subroutines, Using Pack and Unpack, working with
files, Type globs, Eval, References, Data structures, Packages, Libraries and modules, Objects,
Objectsand modules in action, tied variables, interfacing to the operating systems, Security issues.
UNIT-III:
TCL: The TCL phenomena, Philosophy, Structure, Syntax, Parser, Variables and data in
TCL,Control flow, Data structures, Simple input/output, Procedures, Working with Strings,
Patterns,Filesand Pipes, Example code.
UNIT-IV:
Advanced TCL: The eval, source, exec and up-level commands, Libraries and
packages,Namespaces, trapping errors, Event-driven programs, Making applications 'Internet-
aware','Nuts-and-bolts' internet programming, Security issues, TCL and TK integration.
UNIT-V:
PYTHON: Introduction to PYTHON language, PYTHON-syntax, statements, functions, Built-in
functionsand Methods, Modules in PYTHON, Exception Handling.
Text Books:
1. The World of Scripting Languages- David Barron, Wiley Student Edition, 2010.
2. PYTHON Web Programming, Steve Holden and David Beazley, New Riders Publications
References:
1. TCL/TK: A Developer's Guide- ClifFlynt, 2003, Morgan Kaufmann Series.
2. Core PYTHON Programming, Chun, Pearson Education, 2006.
3. Learning Perl, Randal L. Schwartz, O‟ Reilly publications 6th edition 2011.
4. Linux: The Complete Reference”, Richard Peterson McGraw Hill Publications, 6th
Edition,2008.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, the student will be able to:
 Gain fluency in programming with scripting languages
 Create and run scripts using PERL/TCL/PYTHON in CAD Tools
 Demonstrate the use of PERL/PYTHON/ TCL in developing system and web applications
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
Digital Design and Verification

(Elective V)
Unit 1
Revision of basic Digital systems: Combinational Circuits, Sequential Circuits, Logic
families.Synchronous FSM and asynchronous design, Meta-stability, Clock distribution and issues,
basicbuilding blocks like PWM module, pre-fetch unit, programmable counter, FIFO,
Booth'smultiplier, ALU, Barrel shifter etc.
Unit 2
Verilog/VHDL Comparisons and Guidelines, Verilog: HDL fundamentals, simulation, and
testbenchdesign, Examples of Verilog codes for combinational and sequential logic, Verilog AMS.
IP and Prototyping: IP in various forms: RTL Source code, Encrypted Source code, Soft IP,Netlist,
Physical IP, and Use of external hard IP during prototyping, Case studies, and Speedissues.
Unit 3
System Verilog and Verification: Verification guidelines, Data types, procedural statements
androutines, connecting the test bench and design, Assertions, Basic OOP concepts, Randomization.
Testing of logic circuits: Fault models, BIST, JTAG interface Introduction to basic scripting
language: Perl, Tcl/Tk
Unit 4
Current challenges in physical design: Roots of challenges, Delays: Wire load models
GenericPDflow, Challenges in PD flow at different steps, SI Challenge - Noise & Crosstalk, IR
Drop,Process effects: Process Antenna Effect &Electro migration
Unit 5
Programmable Logic Devices: Introduction, Evolution: PROM, PLA, PAL, Architecture of
PAL's,Applications, Programming PLD's, FPGA with technology: Anti-fuse, SRAM, EPROM,
MUX,FPGA structures, and ASIC Design Flows, Programmable Interconnections, Coarse
grainedreconfigurable devices
Text Books:
1. Douglas Smith, “HDL Chip Design: A Practical Guide for Designing, Synthesizing &
2. Simulating ASICs & FPGAs Using VHDL or Verilog”, Doone publications, 1998.
3. Samir Palnitkar, “Verilog HDL: A guide to Digital Design and Synthesis”, Prentice Hall,2nd
Edition, 2003.
Reference Books:
1. Doug Amos, Austin Lesea, Rene Richter, “FPGA based Prototyping Methodology Manual”,
Synopsys Press, 2011.
2. Christophe Bobda, “Introduction to Reconfigurable Computing, Architectures, Algorithmsand
Applications”, Springer, 2007.
3. Janick Bergeron, “Writing Testbenches: Functional Verification of HDL Models”,
SecondEdition, Springer, 2003.
Course Outcomes:
 Familiarity of Front end design and verification techniques and create reusable test
environments.
 Verify increasingly complex designs more efficiently and effectively.
 Use EDA tools like Cadence, Mentor Graphics.
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
HARDWARE SOFTWARE CO-DESIGN

(Elective V)
UNIT-I:
Co- Design Issues: Co- Design Models, Architectures, Languages, A Generic Co-design Methodology.
Co- Synthesis Algorithms: Hardware software synthesis algorithms: hardware – software partitioning
distributed system co-synthesis.
UNIT-II:
Prototyping and Emulation
Prototyping and emulation techniques, prototyping and emulation environments, future developments in
emulation and prototyping architecture specialization techniques, system communication infrastructure
Target Architectures
Architecture Specialization techniques, System Communication infrastructure, Target Architecture and
Application System classes, Architecture for control dominated systems (8051-Architectures for High
performance control), Architecture for Data dominated systems (ADSP21060, TMS320C60), Mixed Systems.
UNIT-III:
Compilation Techniques and Tools for Embedded Processor Architectures
Modern embedded architectures, embedded software development needs, compilation technologies, practical
consideration in a compiler development environment.
UNIT-IV:
Design Specification and Verification
Design, co-design, the co-design computational model, concurrency coordinating concurrent computations,
interfacing components, design verification, implementation verification, verification tools, Interface
verification.
UNIT-V: Languages for System-Level Specification and Design-I

System-level specification, design representation for system level synthesis, system level specification
languages. Languages for System-Level Specification and Design-II
Heterogeneous specifications and multi language co-simulation, the cosyma system and Lycos system.
Text Books:
1. Hardware / Software Co- Design Principles and Practice – Jorgen Staunstrup, Wayne Wolf – 2009,
Springer.
2. Hardware / Software Co- Design - Giovanni De Micheli, Mariagiovanna Sami, 2002, Kluwer
Academic Publishers.
Reference Books:
1. A Practical Introduction to Hardware/Software Co-design -Patrick R. Schaumont - 2010 – Springer
Publications.
Course outcomes
At the end of the course the student able to
 About the Hardware-Software Code sign Methodology.

 How to select a target architecture and how a prototype is built and how emulation of a prototype
is done.
 Brief view about compilation technologies and compiler development environment.
 Understand the importance of system level specification languages and multi-language co-
simulation.
L P C
II Year I Semester
0 20 10
(DISSERTATION) DISSERTATION PHASE – I AND PHASE – II
Syllabus Contents:
The dissertation / project topic should be selected / chosen to ensure the satisfaction of the urgent
need to establish a direct link between education, national development and productivity and thus
reduce the gap between the world of work and the world of study. The dissertation should have the
following
 Relevance to social needs of society
 Relevance to value addition to existing facilities in the institute
 Relevance to industry need
 Problems of national importance
 Research and development in various domain
The student should complete the following:
 Literature survey Problem Definition
 Motivation for study and Objectives
 Preliminary design / feasibility / modular approaches
 Implementation and Verification
 Report and presentation
The dissertation stage II is based on a report prepared by the students on dissertation allotted to
them. It may be based on:
 Experimental verification / Proof of concept.
 Design, fabrication, testing of Communication System.
 The viva-voce examination will be based on the above report and work.
Guidelines for Dissertation Phase – I and II at M. Tech. (Electronics):

 As per the AICTE directives, the dissertation is a yearlong activity, to be carried out and
evaluated in two phases i.e. Phase – I: July to December and Phase – II: January to June.
 The dissertation may be carried out preferably in-house i.e. department‟s laboratories and
centers OR in industry allotted through department‟s T & P coordinator.
 After multiple interactions with guide and based on comprehensive literature survey, the
student shall identify the domain and define dissertation objectives. The referred literature
should preferably include IEEE/IET/IETE/Springer/Science Direct/ACM journals in the
areas of Computing and Processing (Hardware and Software), Circuits-Devices and
Systems, Communication-Networking and Security, Robotics and Control Systems, Signal
Processing and Analysis and any other related domain. In case of Industry sponsored
projects, the relevant application notes, while papers, product catalogues should be referred
and reported.
 Student is expected to detail out specifications, methodology, resources required, critical
issues involved in design and implementation and phase wise work distribution, and
submit the proposal within a month from the date of registration.

 Phase – I deliverables: A document report comprising of summary of literature survey,
detailed objectives, project specifications, paper and/or computer aided design, proof of
concept/functionality, part results, A record of continuous progress.
 Phase – I evaluation: A committee comprising of guides of respective specialization shall
assess the progress/performance of the student based on report, presentation and Q &A. In
case of unsatisfactory performance, committee may recommend repeating the Phase-I
work.
 During phase – II, student is expected to exert on design, development and testing of the
proposed work as per the schedule. Accomplished results/contributions/innovations should
be published in terms of research papers in reputed journals and reviewed focused
conferences OR IP/Patents.
 Phase – II deliverables: A dissertation report as per the specified format, developed system
in the form of hardware and/or software, a record of continuous progress.
 Phase – II evaluation: Guide along with appointed external examiner shall assess the
progress/performance of the student based on report, presentation and Q &A. In case of
unsatisfactory performance, committee may recommend for extension or repeating the
work
Course Outcomes:
 Ability to synthesize knowledge and skills previously gained and applied to an in-depth
study and execution of new technical problem.
 Capable to select from different methodologies, methods and forms of analysis to produce a
suitable research design, and justify their design.
 Ability to present the findings of their technical solution in a written report.
 Presenting the work in International/ National conference or reputed journals.
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
BUSINESS ANALYTICS
(Open Elective)
Unit1:
Business analytics: Overview of Business analytics, Scope of Business analytics, Business
Analytics Process, Relationship of Business Analytics Process and organisation, competitive
advantages of Business Analytics.
Statistical Tools: Statistical Notation, Descriptive Statistical methods,
Review of probability distribution and data modelling, sampling and estimation methods overview.
Unit 2:
Trendiness and Regression Analysis: Modelling Relationships and Trends in Data, simple Linear
Regression.Important Resources, Business Analytics Personnel, Data and modelsfor Business
analytics, problem solving, Visualizing and Exploring Data, Business Analytics Technology
Unit 3:
Organization Structures of Business analytics, Team management, Management Issues, Designing
Information Policy, Outsourcing, Ensuring Data Quality, Measuring contribution of Business
analytics, Managing Changes.Descriptive Analytics, predictive analytics, predicative Modelling,
Predictive analytics analysis,DataMining,Data Mining Methodologies, Prescriptive analytics and
its step in the business analytics Process, Prescriptive Modelling, nonlinear Optimization.
Unit 4:
Forecasting Techniques: Qualitative and Judgmental Forecasting, Statistical Forecasting Models,
Forecasting Models for Stationary Time Series, Forecasting Models for Time Series with a Linear
Trend, Forecasting Time Series with Seasonality, Regression Forecasting with Casual Variables,
Selecting Appropriate Forecasting Models.
Monte Carlo Simulation and Risk Analysis: Monte CarleSimulation
Using Analytic Solver Platform, New-Product Development Model, Newsvendor Model,
Overbooking Model, Cash Budget Model.
Unit 5:
Decision Analysis: Formulating Decision Problems, DecisionStrategies with the without
Outcome Probabilities, Decision Trees, The Value of Information, Utility and Decision Making.
Recent Trends in : Embedded and collaborative business intelligence,Visual data recovery, Data
Storytelling and Data journalism
Reference:
1. Business analytics Principles, Concepts, and Applications by Marc J. Schniederjans,
Dara G. Schniederjans, Christopher M. Starkey, Pearson FTPress.
2. Business Analytics by James Evans, personsEducation.
Course Outcomes:
 Students will demonstrate knowledge of data analytics.
 Students will demonstrate the ability of think critically in making decisions based on data and
deep analytics.
 Students will demonstrate the ability to use technical skills in predicative and prescriptive
modeling to support business decision-making.
 Students will demonstrate the ability to translate data into clear, actionable insights
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
(Open Elective)
Unit-1:
Industrial safety: Accident, causes, types, results and control, mechanical and electrical hazards,
types, causes and preventive steps/procedure, describe salient points of factories act 1948 for health
and safety, wash rooms, drinking water layouts, light, cleanliness, fire, guarding, pressure vessels,
etc, Safety color codes. Fire prevention and firefighting, equipment and methods.
Unit-2:
Fundamentals of maintenance engineering: Definition and aim of maintenance engineering,
Primary and secondary functions and responsibility of maintenance department, Types of
maintenance, Types and applications of tools used for maintenance, Maintenance cost & its relation
with replacement economy, Service life of equipment.
Unit-3:
Wear and Corrosion and their prevention: Wear- types, causes, effects, wear reduction methods,
lubricants-types and applications, Lubrication methods, general sketch, working and
applications, i. Screw down grease cup, ii. Pressure grease gun, iii. Splash lubrication, iv.
Gravity lubrication, v. Wick feed lubrication vi. Side feed lubrication, vii. Ring lubrication,
Definition, principle and factors affecting the corrosion. Types of corrosion, corrosion
prevention methods.
Unit-4:
Fault tracing: Fault tracing-concept and importance, decision treeconcept, need and
applications, sequence of fault finding activities, show as decision tree, draw decision tree for
problems in machine tools, hydraulic, pneumatic,automotive, thermal and electrical
equipment‟s like, I. Any one machine tool, ii. Pump iii. Air compressor, iv. Internal combustion
engine,v. Boiler,vi .Electrical motors, Types of faults in machine tools and their generalcauses.
Unit-5:
Periodic and preventive maintenance: Periodic inspection-concept and need, degreasing,
cleaning and repairing schemes, overhauling of mechanical components, overhauling of
electrical motor, common troubles and remedies of electric motor, repair complexities and its
use, definition, need, steps and advantages of preventive maintenance. Steps/procedure for
periodic and preventive maintenance of: I. Machine tools, ii. Pumps, iii.Air compressors, iv.
Diesel generating (DG) sets, Program and schedule of preventive maintenance of mechanical
and electrical equipment, advantages of preventive maintenance. Repair cycle concept and
importance
Reference:
1. Maintenance Engineering Handbook, Higgins & Morrow, Da InformationServices.
2. Maintenance Engineering, H. P. Garg, S. Chand andCompany.
3. Pump-hydraulic Compressors, Audels, McgrewHillPublication.
4. Foundation Engineering Handbook, Winterkorn, Hans, Chapman &HallLondon
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(Open Elective)
Unit 1:
Optimization Techniques, Model Formulation, models, General L.R Formulation, Simplex
Techniques, Sensitivity Analysis, Inventory Control Models
Unit 2
Formulation of a LPP - Graphical solution revised simplex method - duality theory - dual simplex
method - sensitivity analysis - parametric programming
Unit 3:
Nonlinear programming problem - Kuhn-Tucker conditions min cost flow problem - max flow
problem - CPM/PERT
Unit 4
Scheduling and sequencing - single server and multiple server models - deterministic inventory
models - Probabilistic inventory control models - Geometric Programming.
Unit 5
Competitive Models, Single and Multi-channel Problems, Sequencing Models, Dynamic
Programming, Flow in Networks, Elementary Graph Theory, Game Theory Simulation
References:
1. H.A. Taha, Operations Research, An Introduction, PHI, 2008
2. H.M. Wagner, Principles of Operations Research, PHI, Delhi, 1982.
3. J.C. Pant, Introduction to Optimisation: Operations Research, Jain Brothers, Delhi, 2008
4. Hitler Libermann Operations Research: McGraw Hill Pub. 2009
5. Pannerselvam, Operations Research: Prentice Hall of India 2010
6. Harvey M Wagner, Principles of Operations Research: Prentice Hall of India 2010
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student should be able to
1. Students should able to apply the dynamic programming to solve problems of discreet and
continuous variables.
2. Students should able to apply the concept of non-linear programming
3. Students should able to carry out sensitivity analysis
4. Student should able to model the real world problem and simulate it.
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
COST MANAGEMENT OF ENGINEERING PROJECTS
(Open Elective)
Introduction and Overview of the Strategic Cost Management Process
Cost concepts in decision-making; Relevant cost, Differential cost, Incremental cost and
Opportunity cost. Objectives of a Costing System; Inventory valuation; Creation of a Database
for operational control; Provision of data for Decision-Making.
Project: meaning, Different types, why to manage, cost overruns centres, various stages of
project execution: conception to commissioning. Project execution as conglomeration of
technical and non- technical activities.Detailed Engineering activities. Pre project execution
main clearances and documents Project team: Role of each member. Importance Project site:
Data required with significance. Project contracts.Types and contents. Project execution Project
cost control. Bar charts and Network diagram. Project commissioning: mechanical and process
Cost Behavior and Profit Planning Marginal Costing; Distinction between Marginal Costing and
Absorption Costing; Break-even Analysis, Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis. Various decision-
making problems. Standard costing and Variance Analysis. Pricing strategies: Pareto Analysis.
Target costing, Life Cycle Costing. Costing of service sector.Just-in-time approach, Material
Requirement Planning, Enterprise Resource Planning, Total Quality Management and Theory of
constraints.Activity-Based Cost Management, Bench Marking; Balanced Score Card and Value-
Chain Analysis.Budgetary Control; Flexible Budgets;Performance budgets; Zero-based
budgets.Measurement of Divisional profitability pricing decisions including transfer pricing.
Quantitative techniques for cost management, Linear Programming, PERT/CPM, Transportation
problems, Assignment problems, Simulation, Learning Curve Theory.
References:
1. Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi
2. Charles T. Horngren and George Foster, Advanced Management Accounting
3. Robert S Kaplan Anthony A. Alkinson, Management & Cost Accounting
4. Ashish K. Bhattacharya, Principles & Practices of Cost Accounting A. H. Wheeler
publisher
5. N.D. Vohra, Quantitative Techniques in Management, Tata McGraw Hill Book Co. Ltd.
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(Open Elective)
UNIT–I:
INTRODUCTION: Definition – Classification and characteristics of Composite materials.
Advantages and application of composites. Functional requirements of reinforcement and
matrix.Effect of reinforcement (size, shape, distribution, volume fraction) on overall composite
performance.
UNIT – II:
REINFORCEMENTS: Preparation-layup, curing, properties and applications of glass fibers,
carbon fibers, Kevlar fibers and Boron fibers. Properties and applications of whiskers, particle
reinforcements. Mechanical Behavior of composites: Rule of mixtures, Inverse rule of mixtures.
Isostrain and Isostress conditions.
UNIT – III:
Manufacturing of Metal Matrix Composites: Casting – Solid State diffusion technique,
Cladding – Hot isostaticpressing. Properties and applications. Manufacturing of Ceramic Matrix
Composites: Liquid Metal Infiltration – Liquid phase sintering. Manufacturing of Carbon –
Carbon composites: Knitting, Braiding, Weaving. Properties and applications.
UNIT–IV:
Manufacturing of Polymer Matrix Composites: Preparation of Moulding compounds and
prepregs – hand layup method – Autoclave method – Filament winding method – Compression
moulding – Reaction injection moulding. Properties and applications.
UNIT – V:
Strength: Laminar Failure Criteria-strength ratio, maximum stress criteria, maximum strain
criteria, interacting failure criteria, hygrothermal failure. Laminate first play failure-insight
strength; Laminate strength-ply discount truncated maximum strain criterion; strength design
using caplet plots; stress concentrations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Material Science and Technology – Vol 13 – Composites by R.W.Cahn – VCH, West
Germany.
2. Materials Science and Engineering, An introduction. WD Callister, Jr., Adapted by R.
Balasubramaniam, John Wiley & Sons, NY, Indian edition,2007.
References:
1. Hand Book of CompositeMaterials-ed-Lubin.
2. Composite Materials – K.K.Chawla.
3. Composite Materials Science and Applications – Deborah D.L.Chung.
4. Composite Materials Design and Applications – Danial Gay, Suong V. Hoa, and
Stephen W. Tasi.
L P C
II Year I Semester
3 0 3
WASTE TO ENERGY
(Open Elective)
Unit-I:
Introduction to Energy from Waste: Classification of waste as fuel – Agro based, Forest
residue, Industrial waste - MSW – Conversion devices – Incinerators, gasifiers, digestors
Unit-II:
Biomass Pyrolysis: Pyrolysis – Types, slow fast – Manufacture of charcoal – Methods - Yields and
application – Manufacture of pyrolytic oils and gases, yields and applications.
Unit-III:
Biomass Gasification: Gasifiers – Fixed bed system – Downdraft and updraft gasifiers – Fluidized
bed gasifiers – Design, construction and operation – Gasifier burner arrangement for
thermal heating – Gasifier engine arrangement and electrical power – Equilibrium and kinetic
consideration in gasifier operation
Unit-IV:
Biomass Combustion: Biomass stoves – Improved chullahs, types, some exotic designs, Fixed bed
combustors, Types, inclined grate combustors, Fluidized bed combustors, Design, construction and
operation - Operation of all the above biomass combustors.
Unit-V:
Biogas: Properties of biogas (Calorific value and composition) - Biogas plant technology and status
- Bio energy system - Design and constructional features - Biomass resources and their
classification - Biomass conversion processes - Thermo chemical conversion - Direct combustion -
biomass gasification - pyrolysis and liquefaction - biochemical conversion - anaerobic digestion -
Types of biogas Plants – Applications - Alcohol production from biomass - Bio diesel production -
Urban waste to energy conversion - Biomass energy programme in India.
References:
1. Non Conventional Energy, Desai, Ashok V., Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1990.
2. Biogas Technology - A Practical Hand Book - Khandelwal, K. C. and Mahdi, S. S., Vol. I
& II, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., 1983.
3. Food, Feed and Fuel from Biomass, Challal, D. S., IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1991.
4. Biomass Conversion and Technology, C. Y. WereKo-Brobby and E. B. Hagan, John Wiley
& Sons, 1996.
AUDIT 1 and 2: ENGLISH FOR RESEARCH PAPER WRITING
Course objectives:
Students will be able to:
1. Understand that how to improve your writing skills and level of readability
2. Learn about what to write in each section
3. Understand the skills needed when writing a Title Ensure the good quality of paper at very first-time
submission
Syllabus
Units CONTENTS Hours
1 Planning and Preparation, Word Order, Breaking up long sentences, 4
Structuring Paragraphs and Sentences, Being Concise
and Removing Redundancy, Avoiding Ambiguity and Vagueness
2 Clarifying Who Did What, Highlighting Your Findings, Hedging 4
and Criticising, Paraphrasing and Plagiarism, Sections of a Paper,
Abstracts. Introduction
3 Review of the Literature, Methods, Results, Discussion, 4
Conclusions, The Final Check.
4 key skills are needed when writing a Title, key skills are needed 4
when writing an Abstract, key skills are needed when writing an
Introduction, skills needed when writing a Review of the Literature,
5 skills are needed when writing the Methods, skills needed when 4
writing the Results, skills are needed when writing the Discussion,
skills are needed when writing the Conclusions
6 useful phrases, how to ensure paper is as good as it could possibly 4
be the first- time submission
Suggested Studies:
1. Goldbort R (2006) Writing for Science, Yale University Press (available on Google
Books)
2. Day R (2006) How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper, Cambridge University Press
3. Highman N (1998), Handbook of Writing for the Mathematical Sciences, SIAM.
Highman‟sbook .
4. Adrian Wallwork , English for Writing Research Papers, Springer New York Dordrecht
Heidelberg London, 2011
AUDIT 1 and 2: DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Course Objectives: -Students will be able to:

1.learn to demonstrate a critical understanding of key concepts in disaster risk reduction and
humanitarian response.
2.critically evaluate disaster risk reduction and humanitarian response policy and practice from
multiple perspectives.
3.develop an understanding of standards of humanitarian response and practical relevance in specific
types of disasters and conflict situations.
4.critically understand the strengths and weaknesses of disaster management approaches, planning and
programming in different countries, particularly their home country or the countries
they work in
Syllabus
Units CONTENTS Hours
1 Introduction 4
Disaster: Definition, Factors And Significance; Difference Between
Hazard And Disaster; Natural And Manmade Disasters: Difference,
Nature, Types And Magnitude.
2 Repercussions Of Disasters And Hazards: Economic Damage, Loss 4
Of Human And Animal Life, Destruction Of Ecosystem.
Natural Disasters: Earthquakes, Volcanisms, Cyclones, Tsunamis,
Floods, Droughts And Famines, Landslides And Avalanches, Man-
made disaster: Nuclear Reactor Meltdown, Industrial Accidents, Oil
Slicks And Spills, Outbreaks Of Disease And Epidemics, War And
Conflicts.
3 Disaster Prone Areas In India 4
Study Of Seismic Zones; Areas Prone To Floods And Droughts,
Landslides And Avalanches; Areas Prone To Cyclonic And Coastal
Hazards With Special Reference To Tsunami; Post-Disaster Diseases
And Epidemics
4 Disaster Preparedness And Management 4
Preparedness: Monitoring Of Phenomena Triggering A Disaster Or
Hazard; Evaluation Of Risk: Application Of Remote Sensing, Data
From Meteorological And Other Agencies, Media Reports:
Governmental And Community Preparedness.
5 Risk Assessment 4
Disaster Risk: Concept And Elements, Disaster Risk Reduction, Global
And National Disaster Risk Situation. Techniques Of Risk Assessment,
Global Co-Operation In Risk Assessment And Warning, People‟s
Participation In Risk Assessment. Strategies for Survival.
6 Disaster Mitigation 4
Meaning, Concept And Strategies Of Disaster Mitigation, Emerging
Trends In Mitigation. Structural Mitigation And Non-Structural
Mitigation, Programs Of Disaster Mitigation In India.
Suggested Readings:
1. R. Nishith, Singh AK, “Disaster Management in India: Perspectives, issues and strategies “‟New
Royal book Company.
2. Sahni, PardeepEt.Al. (Eds.),” Disaster Mitigation Experiences And Reflections”, Prentice Hall Of
India, New Delhi.
3. Goel S. L. , Disaster Administration And Management Text And Case Studies” ,Deep &Deep
Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
AUDIT 1 and 2: SANSKRIT FOR TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
Course Objectives
1. To get a working knowledge in illustrious Sanskrit, the scientific language in the world
2. Learning of Sanskrit to improve brain functioning
3. Learning of Sanskrit to develop the logic in mathematics, science & other subjects
enhancing the memory power
4. The engineering scholars equipped with Sanskrit will be able to explore the huge
knowledge from ancient literature
Syllabus
Unit Content Hours

1  Alphabets in Sanskrit, 8
 Past/Present/Future Tense,
 Simple Sentences
2  Order 8
 Introduction of roots
 Technical information about Sanskrit Literature
3  Technical concepts of Engineering-Electrical, Mechanical, Architecture, 8
Mathematics
Suggested reading
1. “Abhyaspustakam” – Dr.Vishwas, Samskrita-Bharti Publication, New Delhi
2. “Teach Yourself Sanskrit” Prathama Deeksha-Vempati Kutumbshastri, Rashtriya Sanskrit
Sansthanam, New Delhi Publication
3. “India‟s Glorious Scientific Tradition” Suresh Soni, Ocean books (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
Course Output
Students will be able to
1. Understanding basic Sanskrit language
2. Ancient Sanskrit literature about science & technology can be understood
3. Being a logical language will help to develop logic in students
AUDIT 1 and 2: VALUE EDUCATION
Course Objectives
1. Understand value of education and self- development
2. Imbibe good values in students
3. Let the should know about the importance of character
Syllabus
Unit Content Hours

1  Values and self-development –Social values and individual attitudes. 4
Work ethics, Indian vision of humanism.
 Moral and non- moral valuation. Standards and principles.
 Value judgements
2  Importance of cultivation of values. 6
 Sense of duty. Devotion, Self-reliance. Confidence, Concentration.
Truthfulness, Cleanliness.
 Honesty, Humanity. Power of faith, National Unity.
 Patriotism.Love for nature ,Discipline
3  Personality and Behavior Development - Soul and Scientific attitude. 6
Positive Thinking. Integrity and discipline.
 Punctuality, Love and Kindness.
 Avoid fault Thinking.
 Free from anger, Dignity of labour.
 Universal brotherhood and religious tolerance.
 True friendship.
 Happiness Vs suffering, love for truth.
 Aware of self-destructive habits.
 Association and Cooperation.
 Doing best for saving nature
4  Character and Competence –Holy books vs Blind faith. 6

 Self-management and Good health.
 Science of reincarnation.
 Equality, Nonviolence ,Humility, Role of Women.
 All religions and same message.
 Mind your Mind, Self-control.
 Honesty, Studying effectively
Suggested reading
1 Chakroborty, S.K. “Values and Ethics for organizations Theory and practice”, Oxford University
Press, New Delhi
Course outcomes
Students will be able to 1.Knowledge of self-development
2.Learn the importance of Human values 3.Developing the overall personality
AUDIT 1 and 2: CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
Course Objectives:
1. Understand the premises informing the twin themes of liberty and freedom from a civil rights
perspective.
2. To address the growth of Indian opinion regarding modern Indian intellectuals‟ constitutional
role and entitlement to civil and economic rights as well as the emergence of nationhood in
the early years of Indian nationalism.
3. To address the role of socialism in India after the commencement of the Bolshevik Revolution
in 1917 and its impact on the initial drafting of the Indian Constitution.
Syllabus
Units Content Hour
s
History of Making of the Indian Constitution:
1 History 4
Drafting Committee, ( Composition & Working)
Philosophy of the Indian Constitution:

2 Preamble Salient Features 4
Contours of Constitutional Rights & Duties:

Fundamental Rights
Right to Equality
Right to Freedom
3 Right against Exploitation 4
Right to Freedom of Religion
Cultural and Educational Rights
Right to Constitutional Remedies
Directive Principles of State Policy
Fundamental Duties.
Organs of Governance:
Parliament
Composition
Qualifications and Disqualifications
Powers and Functions
4 Executive 4
President
Governor
Council of Ministers
Judiciary, Appointment and Transfer of Judges, Qualifications
Powers and Functions
Local Administration:
District‟s Administration head: Role and Importance,
5 Municipalities: Introduction, Mayor and role of Elected Representative, CE of O
Municipal Corporation.
Pachayati raj: Introduction, PRI: ZilaPachayat. 4
Elected officials and their roles, CEO ZilaPachayat: Position and role.
Block level: Organizational Hierarchy (Different departments),
Village level: Role of Elected and Appointed officials,
Importance of grass root democracy
Election Commission:
Election Commission: Role and Functioning.
6 Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners. 4
State Election Commission: Role and Functioning.
Institute and Bodies for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC and women.
Suggested reading
1. The Constitution of India, 1950 (Bare Act), Government Publication.
2. Dr. S. N. Busi, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar framing of Indian Constitution, 1st Edition, 2015.
3. M. P. Jain, Indian Constitution Law, 7th Edn., Lexis Nexis, 2014.
4. D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis, 2015.
Course Outcomes:

1. Discuss the growth of the demand for civil rights in India for the bulk of Indians before the
arrival of Gandhi in Indian politics.
2. Discuss the intellectual origins of the framework of argument that
informed the conceptualization of social reforms leading to revolution in India.
3. Discuss the circumstances surrounding the foundation of the Congress Socialist Party [CSP]
under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and the eventual failure of the proposal of direct
elections through adult suffrage in the Indian Constitution.
4. Discuss the passage of the Hindu Code Bill of 1956.
AUDIT 1 and 2: PEDAGOGY STUDIES

Course Objectives:
4. Review existing evidence on the review topic to inform programme design and policy
making undertaken by the DfID, other agencies and researchers.
5. Identify critical evidence gaps to guide the development.
Syllabus
Units Content Hours
Introduction and Methodology:
 Aims and rationale, Policy background, Conceptual framework and
1 terminology 4
 Theories of learning, Curriculum, Teacher education.
 Conceptual framework, Research questions.
 Overview of methodology and Searching.
 Thematic overview: Pedagogical practices are being used by teachers in
2 formal and informal classrooms in developing countries. 2
 Curriculum, Teacher education.
 Evidence on the effectiveness of pedagogical practices
 Methodology for the in depth stage: quality assessment of included
studies.
 How can teacher education (curriculum and practicum) and the school
3 curriculum and guidance materials best support effective pedagogy? 4
 Theory of change.
 Strength and nature of the body of evidence for effective pedagogical
practices.
 Pedagogic theory and pedagogical approaches.
 Teachers‟ attitudes and beliefs and Pedagogic strategies.
 Professional development: alignment with classroom practices and

follow-up support
4  Peer support 4
 Support from the head teacher and the community.
 Curriculum and assessment
 Barriers to learning: limited resources and large class sizes
Research gaps and future directions
 Research design
 Contexts 2
5  Pedagogy
 Teacher education
 Curriculum and assessment
 Dissemination and research impact.
Suggested reading
1. Ackers J, Hardman F (2001) Classroom interaction in Kenyan primary schools, Compare, 31
(2): 245-261.
2. Agrawal M (2004) Curricular reform in schools: The importance of evaluation, Journal of
Curriculum Studies, 36 (3): 361-379.
3. Akyeampong K (2003) Teacher training in Ghana - does it count? Multi-site teacher education
research project (MUSTER) country report 1. London: DFID.
4. Akyeampong K, Lussier K, Pryor J, Westbrook J (2013) Improving teaching and learning of
basic maths and reading in Africa: Does teacher preparation count? International Journal
Educational Development, 33 (3): 272–282.
5. Alexander RJ (2001) Culture and pedagogy: International comparisons in primary education.
Oxford and Boston: Blackwell.
6. Chavan M (2003) Read India: A mass scale, rapid, „learning to read‟ campaign.
www.pratham.org/images/resource%20working%20paper%202.pdf.
Course Outcomes:
Students will be able to understand:
1. What pedagogical practices are being used by teachers in formal and informal classrooms in
developing countries?
2. What is the evidence on the effectiveness of these pedagogical practices, in what conditions,
and with what population of learners?
3. How can teacher education (curriculum and practicum) and the school curriculum and
guidance materials best support effective pedagogy?
AUDIT 1 and 2: STRESS MANAGEMENT BY YOGA

Course Objectives
1. To achieve overall health of body and mind
2. To overcome stress
Syllabus
Unit Content Hours
1  Definitions of Eight parts of yog. ( Ashtanga ) 8
2  Yam and Niyam. Do`s and Don‟t‟s in life. 8
i) Ahinsa, satya, astheya, bramhacharya and aparigraha
ii) Shaucha, santosh, tapa, swadhyay, ishwarpranidhan
3  Asan and Pranayam 8

1. Various yog poses and their benefits for mind & body
2. Regularization of breathing techniques and its effects-Types of
pranayam
Suggested reading
1. „Yogic Asanas for Group Tarining-Part-I” : Janardan Swami YogabhyasiMandal, Nagpur
2. “Rajayoga or conquering the Internal Nature” by Swami Vivekananda, Advaita Ashrama
(Publication Department), Kolkata
Course Outcomes:
1. Develop healthy mind in a healthy body thus improving social health also
2. Improve efficiency
AUDIT 1 and 2: PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH LIFE ENLIGHTENMENT

SKILLS
Course Objectives
1. To learn to achieve the highest goal happily
2. To become a person with stable mind, pleasing personality and determination
3. To awaken wisdom in students
Syllabus
Unit Content Hours
1 Neetisatakam-Holistic development of personality 8
 Verses- 19,20,21,22 (wisdom)
 Verses- 29,31,32 (pride & heroism)
 Verses- 26,28,63,65 (virtue)
 Verses- 52,53,59 (dont‟s)
 Verses- 71,73,75,78 (do‟s)
2  Approach to day to day work and duties. 8

 Shrimad Bhagwad Geeta : Chapter 2-Verses 41, 47,48,
 Chapter 3-Verses 13, 21, 27, 35, Chapter 6-Verses 5,13,17, 23, 35,
 Chapter 18-Verses 45, 46, 48.
3  Statements of basic knowledge. 8

 Shrimad Bhagwad Geeta: Chapter2-Verses 56, 62, 68
 Chapter 12 -Verses 13, 14, 15, 16,17, 18
 Personality of Role model. Shrimad Bhagwad Geeta: Chapter2-
Verses 17, Chapter 3-Verses 36,37,42,
 Chapter 4-Verses 18, 38,39
 Chapter18 – Verses 37,38,63
Suggested reading
1. “Srimad Bhagavad Gita” by Swami Swarupananda Advaita Ashram (Publication Department),
Kolkata
2. Bhartrihari‟s Three Satakam (Niti-sringar-vairagya) by P.Gopinath, Rashtriya Sanskrit
Sansthanam, New Delhi.
Course Outcomes
1. Study of Shrimad-Bhagwad-Geeta will help the student in developing his personality and achieve
the highest goal in life
2. The person who has studied Geeta will lead the nation and mankind to peace and prosperity
3. Study of Neetishatakam will help in developing versatile personality of students

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INJNTU.COM INJNTU.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS M.Tech ECE

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

1 Dissertation Project/ Dissertation Phase-II 0 0 32 16

CMOS Digital IC design

UNIT-I: MOS Design

UNIT-II: Combinational MOS Logic Circuits:

UNIT-III: Sequential MOS Logic Circuits

UNIT-V: Semiconductor Memories

UNIT 1: MOS Transistors

Introduction, Basic Fabrication Processes, Wafer Fabrication, Oxidation, Mask Generation,

UNIT 3: Layout Design Rules

UNIT 4: Combinational Logic Networks

UNIT 5: Sequential Systems

At the end of the course the student able to

NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

1. Kenneth J. Klabunde and Ryan M. Richards, “Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry”, 2nd

1. Bharat Bhushan, “Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology”, Springer, 3rd edition, 2010.

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

UNIT-I: Introduction to MEMS

UNIT-II: MEMS Materials and Their Properties

UNIT-III: MEMS Fab Processes – 1

UNIT-IV: MEMS Fab Processes – 2

UNIT-V: MEMS Devices

1. Analysis and Design Principles of MEMS Devices - MinhangBao; Publisher:Elsevier Science.

UNIT - I: Laser systems

UNIT - II: Properties of laser Radiation

UNIT - III: Opto-electronic Devices -I

UNIT - IV: Opto-electronic Devices -II

UNIT – V: Modulation of Light

Research Methodology and IPR

1. Mayall , “Industrial Design”, McGraw Hill, 1992.

CMOS Analog IC Design Lab

1. MOS Device Characterization and parametric analysis

CMOS Digital IC design Lab

Mixed Signal & RF IC Design

1. Roubik Gregorian: Introduction to CMOS Op-amps and comparators, Wiley, 2008.

Physical Design Automation

IOT and its Applications

UNIT I:Fundamentals of IoT- Evolution of Internet of Things, Enabling Technologies, IoT

UNIT V: Case Studies/Industrial Applications: IoT applications in home, infrastructures,

1. Internet of Things – A hands-on approach, ArshdeepBahga, Vijay Madisetti, Universities Press,

Network Security and Cryptography

Unit 2: Private-Key (Symmetric) Cryptography

Unit 3:Public-Key (Asymmetric) Cryptography

RSA, Key Distribution and Management, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, Elliptic

Unit 5:System Security

Microcontrollers and Programmable Digital Signal Processors

LOW POWER VLSI DESIGN

UNIT-I: Sources of Power Dissipation

UNIT 2: Supply Voltage Scaling for Low Power

Device Feature Size Scaling, Constant-Field Scaling, Constant-Voltage Scaling, Architectural-Level

UNIT-3: Switched Capacitance Minimization

UNIT 4: Leakage Power Minimization

UNIT 5: Low power clock distribution & Simulation Power Analysis

1. Low-Power VLSI Circuits and Systems,Ajit Pal, SPRINGER PUBLISHERS

Mixed Signal IC Design Lab

Physical Design Automation Lab