INDUSTRIAL DESIGN & ERGONOMICS

SEMINAR
ON
CONCEPT OF UNITY, ORDER WITH VARIETY AND
PURPOSE

Presenter:
BHARATH T S
1st SEMESTER M.TECH
PEST
Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Aesthetics concepts in Ergonomics
Definition:
It is the study or appreciation of beauty.

Appreciation of beauty is highly personal experience.

It is a psychological study. psychological tests help to produce
information which can be used to enhance the human
environment in PDC.

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Aesthetics Principles

 Concept of Unity

 Concept of Order with variety

 Concept of Purpose

 Style and Environment

 Aesthetic expressions ( Symmetry, Balance,

Contrast, Continuity & Proportion )

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Aesthetics and Ergonomics in product design
"More and more people buy objects for intellectual and
spiritual nourishment. People do not buy my coffee
makers, kettles and lemon squeezers because they need
to make coffee, to boil water, or to squeeze lemons, but
for other reasons.“

Alberto Alessi, Designer

http://www.ergonomics4schools.com

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Aesthetics and Ergonomics in product design
Customer expectation
Earlier Latest
 It should meet functional  It should meet functional
requirements requirements
 It should be safe to use  It should be safe to use
 Less Price !!  It should have ergonomic
design ( to prevent fatigue
& discomfort )
 It should have aesthetically
good design (for
appreciation of pleasure)
 Less Price !!

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Introduction
A Typical Industrial Product Life Cycle

Product
R&D Design

Process
Market
planning,
Feedback
Installation

Production
, Quality
control

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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 Aesthetics & Ergonomics in PDC

Aesthetic Ergonomic analysis

evaluation tool tool

Yes NO
Ergonomically
Ergonomics &
Concept CAD Redesign &
aesthetics
design modeling needed? aesthetically
improved design
improved
product

Using algorithm to suggest nearest

probable concept

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Unity
Definition :

Unity is defined as ‘congruity among the elements of

a design which gives each element the appearance of
belonging together; that is to say, there appears to be
some visual connection beyond mere chance that has
caused these elements to come together’ (Veryzer et
al., 1998)

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Unity
1. Completeness (no incomplete & superfluous
elements)

2. Harmonious relationship between all parts

contributing to the whole.

3. Emphasis on subject as a whole rather than any

one part of it to the exclusion of others.

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Beauty
‘I shall define beauty to be a harmony of the parts in
whatsoever subject it appears, fitted together with
such proportions and connections that nothing could
be added, diminished or altered but for the worse’.

by Alberti during the italian Renaissance

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Completeness

a.Subject is Incomplete b. Subject having c. Subject is complete !

superfluous elements

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Duality effect in appearance

Square shape is dominant

and appears to be two
squares and it is called
duality

Subject is having duality effect !

Duality in appearance can occur, not only when the subject appears
to be composed of two visually dominant elements with similar
characteristics, but also with dominant elements with similar
character

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Harmonious relationship b/w all parts of subject

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Subject as a whole

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Curved form believes
to be attractive !!

A product should have concept of unity not only parts of it.

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Order with variety
To achieve unity , the elements are related and is
referred to as order.

Roger Fry says in Essay in Aesthetics, ’ the first quality that we

demand in our sensation will be order, without which our sensations
will be troubled and perplexed, and the other quality will be variety
without which they will not be fully simulated’

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Order with variety

(a) (b) (c)

(d)

1. Concept of order with variety stretches through history !!

2. Variety of shapes as examples of order

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Order with variety
Relation of order & variety

Prof. George D, Brikhoff Prof. Eysenck

• M = O/C • M = OC

M = aesthetic measure (
degree of appreciation) Might be more appropriate
O = order
C = Complexity or variety

M may approaches infinity !!

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Order with variety

(a) (b) (c)

(d)
No variety . variety . All sides No variety in variety in curvature
All sides are equal not equal curvature

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Variety of office chairs

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Variety

Rs.250 Rs.500

(a) (b)

Select any one either (a) or (b) ??

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Purpose
 Order& variety proportions are important in
design of industrial equipment

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Purpose
 Where ergonomics and aesthetics meet

It looks good and comfortable too !!

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Purpose
 Where aesthetics may predominate

It is fashionable . But not good for

feet and your posture !!

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Purpose
 Where aesthetics may predominate

It looks good and comfortable too !! Unsafe at very high speed !!

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Purpose
 Where aesthetics must never predominate

Ergonomics overrides aesthetics in products in safety critical situations

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Concept of Purpose
 Where to compromise

Balance of Ergonomics & aesthetics where products not in safety critical

situations

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Conclusion
 Aesthetics & Ergonomics should be a part of PDC. consumer
pleasure or appreciation could lead to more sales of products!!.

Unity & order with variety principle plays an effective and

affective role in the enhancement of the product aesthetic and
consumer’s sense of pleasure.

 Designer should consider unity and order principle in addition

to features like Symmetry, Balance, Contrast, Continuity &
Proportion.

Based on application of product, importance should be given

either aesthetics or ergonomics or both!!.

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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CONTENTS
 Introduction to Aesthetic & Ergonomics concepts in
design
 Concept of Unity
 Concept of Order with variety
 Concept of Purpose
 Conclusion
 Reference

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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Reference
[1] Wu Tyan-Yu., Tsao Chueh-Yung., Sie Cian-Yu. “ Unity
enhances product aesthetics and emotion.” international jounal
of Industrial Ergonomics 59 (2017) 92 – 99.

[2] Bighna Kalyan Nayak. “A study on Innovation in Product

Design Considering Aesthetic & Ergonomics.” M.tech Thesis, NIT
Rourkela, India.

[3] W.H. MAYALL “ Industrial Design For Engineers.” London

ILIFFE Books LTD

[4] http://www.ergonomics4schools.com/lzone/aesthetics.htm

Seminar on Concept of Unity, Order with variety and Purpose |Industrial Design & Ergonomics| Under the guidance of Dr. K M Subbaiah |December 23, 2017.
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