STSKK’s

TONTADARYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Mundaragi Road, GADAG

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
COURSE FILE 2018-19(ODD)
SEM: III (A)
COURSE NAME: Basic Thermodynamics COURSE

CODE: 17ME33

Sl.No. Content
1 PROGRAM VISION & MISSION
2 COURSE DETAILS
3 LESSON PLAN
4 ASSESSMENT
5 ATTAINMENT
6 QUESTION BANK

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 DEPARTMENT VISION and MISSION

Vision of the Program:

To develop competent Mechanical engineering graduates for successful
career in industry, higher studies and research work

Mission of the Program:

1. By imparting quality education using modern teaching-learning
methodology.
2. By encouraging lifelong learning, research and innovation.
3. Inculcating professional ethics and social values in the students for the
well being of the society.

Program Outcomes (POs):

1. Apply knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and an

engineering specialization to the conceptualization of engineering models.
2. Identify, formulate, research literature and solve complex engineering problems
reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics and
engineering sciences.
3. Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design systems,
components or processes that meet specified needs with appropriate consideration
for public health and safety, cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems including design of experiments,
analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of information to provide valid
conclusions.
5. Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering tools, including prediction and modeling, to complex engineering
activities, with an understanding of the limitations.

6. Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams

and in multi-disciplinary settings.
7. Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give
and receive clear instructions.
8. Demonstrate understanding of the societal, health, safety, legal and cultural
issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering practice.
9. Understand and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of
engineering practice.
10. Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a societal context and
demonstrate knowledge of and need for sustainable development.
11. Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of management and business
practices, such as risk and change management, and understand their limitations.
12. Recognize the need for, and have the ability to engage in independent and life-
long learning.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs):

1. Able to understand the concepts and applications in the field

manufacturing, Design and Thermal engineering
2. Able to comprehend the technological advancements in the usage of modern
design tools and quality management tools to analyze and design
systems/processes for a variety of applications.
3. Able to produce, analyses and use of Bio-fuels to create awareness in the
society

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs):

1. Imparting the knowledge of Mathematics, Science, Engineering and
Technology to mechanical engineering graduates.
2. Able to identify, analyze and solve the engineering problems using modern
tools which benefits the society and industries.
3. Imparting soft skills, professional attitude and ethical values with leadership
qualities.
4. To learn and adapt new technological skills to become lifelong learner.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

2.COURSE DETAILS.

Class III Sem (B) Academic Year 2017-18 ODD

Basic
Course Name Course Code
Thermodynamics 17ME33
Total Contact Hours 50 Evaluation Scheme 60/40
Prof. Prashant S Prof. Amaresh
Course Coordinator
Hadagali Course Reviewer Angadi
2.1 COURSE OUTCOMES
After a successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Explain thermodynamic systems, properties, Zeroth law of thermodynamics,
CO-1 temperature scales and energy interactions.

Determine heat, work, internal energy, enthalpy for flow & non flow process using First and
CO-2 Second Law of Thermodynamics.

CO-3 Interpret behaviour of pure substances and its applications to practical problems.

Determine change in internal energy, change in enthalpy and change in entropy using t-ds
CO-4 relations for ideal gases.

Calculate Thermodynamics properties of real gases at all ranges of pressure, temperatures

CO-5 using modified equation of state including Vander Waals equation, Redlich Wong equation
and Beattie-Bridgeman equation.

L1- Remember L2-Understand

Blooms Taxonomy Level L3- Apply L4- Analyze
L5- Evaluate L6- Create

2.2 COURSE SYLLABUS:

MODULE-1
Content BTL CO
Fundamental Concepts & Definitions: Thermodynamic definition and scope, L2, L3, L5 1
Microscopic and Macroscopic approaches. Some practical applications of
engineering thermodynamic Systems, Characteristics of system boundary and
control surface, examples. Thermodynamic properties; definition and units,
intensive , extensive properties, specific properties, pressure, specific volume
Thermodynamic state, state point, state diagram, path and process, quasi-
static process, cyclic and non-cyclic; processes; Thermodynamic equilibrium;
definition, mechanical equilibrium; diathermic wall, thermal equilibrium,
chemical equilibrium, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, Temperature;
concepts, scales, international fixed points and measurement of
temperature. Constant volume gas thermometer, constant pressure gas
thermometer, mercury in glass thermometer
Work and Heat: Mechanics, definition of work and its limitations.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

Thermodynamic definition of work; examples, sign convention. Displacement
work; as a part of a system boundary, as a whole of a system boundary,
expressions for displacement work in various processes through p-v
diagrams. Shaft work; Electrical work. Other types of work. Heat; definition,
units and sign convention. Problems

MODULE-2
Content BTL CO
First Law of Thermodynamics: Joules experiments, equivalence of heat and
work. Statement of the First law of thermodynamics, extension of the First
law to non - cyclic processes, energy, energy as a property, modes of energy,
Extension of the First law to control volume; steady flow energy
equation(SFEE), important applications.
Second Law of Thermodynamics: limitations of first law of thermodynamics
Devices converting heat to work; (a) in a thermodynamic cycle, (b) in a
L1, L2, L3 2
mechanical cycle. Thermal reservoir, direct heat engine; schematic
representation and efficiency. Devices converting work to heat in a
thermodynamic cycle; reversed heat engine, schematic representation,
coefficients of performance. Kelvin - Planck statement of the Second law of
Thermodynamics; PMM I and PMM II, Clausius statement of Second law of
Thermodynamics, Equivalence of the two statements; Carnot cycle, Carnot
principles. Problems
MODULE-3
Content BTL CO
Reversibility: Definitions of a reversible process, reversible heat engine,
importance and superiority of a reversible heat engine and irreversible
processes; factors that make a process irreversible, reversible heat engines.
Unresisted expansion, remarks on Carnot’s engine, internal and external
reversibility, Definition of the thermodynamic temperature scale. Problems L2, L4, L5 4
Entropy: Clasius inequality, Statement- proof, Entropy- definition, a property,
change of entropy, entropy as a quantitative test for irreversibility, principle
of increase in entropy, , calculation of entropy using Tds relations, entropy as
a coordinate.
MODULE-4
Content BTL CO
Availability, Irreversibility and General Thermodynamic relations.
Introduction, Availability (Exergy), Unavailable energy (anergy), Relation
between increase in unavailable energy and increase in entropy. Maximum
work, maximum useful work for a system and control volume, irreversibility,
second law efficiency (effectiveness). Gibbs and Helmholtz functions,
Maxwell relations, Clapeyron equation, Joule Thomson coefficient, general
relations for change in entropy, enthalpy, internal energy and specific heats.
L2, L3, L5 3,4
Pure Substances: P-T and P-V diagrams, triple point and critical points. Sub-
cooled liquid, saturated liquid, mixture of saturated liquid and vapour,
saturated vapour and superheated vapour states of pure substance with
water as example.Enthalpy of change of phase (Latent heat). Dryness fraction
(quality), T-S and H-S diagrams, representation of various processes on these
diagrams. Steam tables and its use. Throttling calorimeter, separating and
throttling calorimeter.
MODULE-5
Content BTL CO
Ideal gases: Ideal gas mixtures, Daltons law of partial pressures, Amagat’s law L2, L3 5
of additive volumes, evaluation of properties of perfect and ideal gases,
Air- Water mixtures and related properties, Psychrometric properties,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

Construction and use of Psychrometric chart.
Real gases – Introduction , Air water mixture and related properties, Van-der
Waal's Equation of state, Van-der Waal's constants in terms of critical
properties, Redlich and Kwong equation of state Beattie-Bridgeman
equation , Law of corresponding states, compressibility factor;
compressibility chart. Difference between Ideal and real gases.

2.3 CO & PO MATRIX:

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
1 3 2
2 3 2
3 3 2 2
4 3 2
5 3 3

2.4 CO & PSO MATRIX:

CO PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

1 2
2 2
3 2
4 2
5 2

2.5 PREREQUISITE :
Basic Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry.

2.6 REFRENCES

2.6.1 Text Books

Sr. Title Author Publisher Edition Year of
No Edition

1 Basic and Applied P.K.Nag, Tata McGraw- 2nd Ed., 2002

Thermodynamics Hill
2 Basic Engineering Dr. Universities 2008
Thermodynamics A.Venkatesh, Press,
2.6.2 Reference Books
Sr. Title Author Publisher Year of
No Edition
1 Thermodynamics, An Yunus .Cenegal and Tata McGraw Hill 2002
Engineering Approach, Michael A.Boles, publications,

2 Fundamentals of Classical G.J.Van Wylen and Wiley Eastern. 2008

Thermodynamics, R.E.Sonntag,

3 Engineering Thermodynamics, J.B.Jones and John Wiley and 2002

G.A.Hawkins, Sons.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

4 An Introduction to Y.V.C.Rao, Wiley Eastern, 1993,
Thermodynamics,

2.6.3 E-Learning Material

Sl.No. Details Module Topic CO
Covered
1
2
3
4

2.6.4 LecturePPT
Sl.No. Details Module Topic Covered CO

2.7CONTENT BEYOND SYLLABUS

Sl.No. Details Module Topic Covered CO

2.8 PREREQUISITE ASSESSMENT

Max No. of Students
Sl.No. Date
Marks Present Bright Average Weak
1.

2.9 UNIVERSITY RESULT

Sl.No. CAY University Results
CAY-1 CAY-2 CAY-3
1 2017-18 53 65 74

2.10. UNIVERSITY RESULT TARGET for CAY: ___78____

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

3 LESSON PLAN
Content Delivery and Assessment Tools
Module

No.Lecture
Lesson Plan TM TA AT Mapping with
Outcomes

Content Delivery Planned Date Conducted CO PO

Pre 1 Basic Physics 01/08/2018
requi
sites 2 Basic Mathematics 03/08/2018

3 Basic Chemistry 04/08/2018

I 4 Thermodynamic definition and scope, 06/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01

Microscopic and Macroscopic
approaches. Some practical applications
of engineering thermodynamic Systems,
Characteristics of system boundary and
control surface, examples.
Thermodynamic properties; definition
and units, intensive , extensive
properties, specific properties, pressure,
specific volume Thermodynamic state,
state point, state diagram, path and
process, quasi-static process, cyclic and
non-cyclic; processes;
5 Thermodynamic equilibrium; definition, 07/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01
mechanical equilibrium; diathermic wall,
thermal equilibrium, chemical
equilibrium,
6 Zeroth law of thermodynamics, 08/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01
Temperature; concepts, scales,
international fixed points and
measurement of temperature. Constant
volume gas thermometer, constant
pressure gas thermometer, mercury in
glass thermometer

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 No.Lecture
Module
Lesson Plan TM TA AT Mapping with
Outcomes

7 Problems 10/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01

8 Work and Heat: Mechanics, definition of 11/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01

work and its limitations. Thermodynamic
definition of work; examples, sign
convention. Displacement work; as a part
of a system boundary, as a whole of a
system boundary,
9 Expressions for displacement work in 13/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01
various processes through p-v diagrams.
10 Shaft work; Electrical work. Other types 14/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01
of work.
11 Heat; definition, units and sign 17/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01
convention.
12 Problems 18/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01

13 Problems 20/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 01 01

II 14 First Law of Thermodynamics: Joules 21/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02

experiments, equivalence of heat and
work. Statement of the First law of
thermodynamics
15 Extension of the First law to non - cyclic 24/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02
processes, energy, energy as a property,
modes of energy,
16 Extension of the First law to control 25/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02
volume; steady flow energy equation
(SFEE), important applications.

17 Problems 27/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02

18 Problems 28/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 No.Lecture
Module
Lesson Plan TM TA AT Mapping with
Outcomes

19 Second Law of Thermodynamics: 31/08/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02

limitations of first law of
thermodynamics Devices converting heat
to work; (a) in a thermodynamic cycle,
(b) in a mechanical cycle. Thermal
reservoir, direct heat engine; schematic
representation and efficiency.
20 Devices converting work to heat in a 01/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02
thermodynamic cycle; reversed heat
engine, schematic representation,
coefficients of performance.
21 Kelvin - Planck statement of the Second 03/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02
law of Thermodynamics; PMM I and
PMM II, Clausius statement of Second
law of Thermodynamics,
22 Equivalence of the two statements; 04/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02
Carnot cycle, Carnot principles.
23 Problems 05/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 02 01,02

III 24 Reversibility: Definitions of a reversible 07/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02

process, reversible heat engine,
importance and superiority of a
reversible heat engine and irreversible
processes;
25 Factors that make a process irreversible, 08/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02
reversible heat engines. Unresisted
expansion, remarks on Carnot’s engine,
internal and external reversibility,
26 Definition of the thermodynamic 14/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02
temperature scale.Problems
27 Problems 15/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02

28 Problems 17/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 No.Lecture
Module
Lesson Plan TM TA AT Mapping with
Outcomes

29 Entropy: Clasius inequality, Statement- 18/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02

proof, principle of increase in entropy,
30 Entropy- definition, a property, change of 19/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02
entropy, entropy as a quantitative test for
irreversibility,
31 Calculation of entropy using Tds 22/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02
relations, entropy as a coordinate.
32 Problems 24/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02

33 Problems 25/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04 01,02

IV 34 Availability, Irreversibility and General 26/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 04,05 01,02

Thermodynamic relations. Introduction,
Availability (Exergy), Unavailable
energy (anergy), Relation between
increase in unavailable energy and
increase in entropy.
35 Maximum work, maximum useful work 28/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
for a system and control volume,
irreversibility,
36 Second law efficiency (effectiveness). 29/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
Gibbs and Helmholtz functions, Maxwell
relations,
37 Clapeyron equation, Joule Thomson 31/09/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
coefficient,
38 General relations for change in entropy, 01/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
Enthalpy, internal energy and specific
heats.
39 Problems 04/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 No.Lecture
Module
Lesson Plan TM TA AT Mapping with
Outcomes

40 Pure Substances: P-T and P-V diagrams, 05/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
triple point and critical points. Sub-
cooled liquid, saturated liquid, mixture
of saturated liquid and vapour, saturated
vapour and superheated vapour states of
pure substance with water as example.
41 Enthalpy of change of phase (Latent 07/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
heat). Dryness fraction (quality), T-S and
H-S diagrams, representation of various
processes on these diagrams.
42 Steam tables and its use. Throttling 09/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02
calorimeter, separating and throttling
calorimeter
43 Problems 11/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,04 01,02

V 44 Ideal gases: Ideal gas mixtures, Daltons 12/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02
law of partial pressures, Amagat’s law of
additive volumes,
45 Evaluation of properties of perfect and 14/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02
ideal gases,
46 Air- Water mixtures and related 21/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02
properties, Psychrometric properties,
Construction and use of Psychrometric
chart.
47 Problems 22/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02

48 Problems 23/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02

49 Real gases – Introduction , Air water 25/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02

mixture and related properties, Van-der
Waal's Equation of state, Van-der Waal's
constants in terms of critical properties,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 No.Lecture
Module
Lesson Plan TM TA AT Mapping with
Outcomes

50 Redlich and Kwong equation of state 26/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 05 01,02

Beattie-Bridgeman equation , Law of
corresponding states, compressibility
factor;
51 Compressibility chart. Difference 28/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,05 01,02
between Ideal and real gases.
52 Problems 29/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,05 01,02

53 Problems 30/10/2018 LT CB/PP AS/QA/EX 03,05 01,02

Note:
 TM-Teaching Method- Lecture (LT), Demo(DM), Laboratory Visit(LV), Group Discussion(GD), Seminar(SM), Industrial Visits(IV), Case Studies(CS),
 TA-Teaching Aids -Chalk Board (CB), Power Point Presentation (PP), Models (MD), Video Film (VF), E-Learning(EL),
 AT- Assessment Tools - Assignments (AS), Class Tests (CT), Question Answers (QA), University Examinations (EX), Rubrics (RB), Tutorials (TT), Feedback Report
(FP), Seminar/Project Report (RP), Quiz (QZ)

4 QUESTION BANK:

REFER THE ANNEXURE

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

4. ASSESSMENT

4.1 IA SCHEDULE
Internal Assessment Syllabus & Schedule
Particulars Syllabus Date CO Max. Marks

IA-1 Module-I 1 20

IA-2 Module-II & Module-III 2&3 20

IA-3 Module-IV & Module-V 4&5 20

4.2 MODULE TEST/ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE

Syllabus & Schedule for Module Test/ Assignment
Module Method of Assessment Date CO Max. Marks
I Assignment-1 1 5
II Assignment-2 2 5
III Assignment-3 3 5
IV Assignment-4 4 5
V Assignment-5 5 5

4.3 IA QUESTION PAPER QUALITY ASSESSMENT SHEET

Sl.No. Test Details Date & Time Max Marks
1. IA-I
SCRUTINY SHEET (Mark √ for appropriate)
Course Reviewers
Particulars
Owner I II
Syllabus Covered as per plan
As per University Syllabus
As per University Pattern (Marks Distribution)
CO Addressed as per plan

Reviewers -I Name & Designation: Dr.D.M.Gouadr

Date of Scrutiny:

Suggestions if any

Signature

Reviewers -II Name & Designation:DR.G.D.Revankar

Date of Scrutiny:

Suggestions if any

Signature

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 Sl.No. Test Details Date & Time Max Marks
1. IA-II
SCRUTINY SHEET (Mark √ for appropriate)
Course Reviewer
Particulars
Owner I II
Syllabus Covered as per plan
As per University Syllabus
As per University Pattern (Marks Distribution)
CO Addressed as per plan

Scrutiny-I Name & Designation:

Date of Scrutiny:

Suggestions if any

Signature

Scrutiny-II Name & Designation:

Date of Scrutiny:

Suggestions if any

Signature
5
Sl.No. Test Details Date & Time Max Marks
1. IA-III
SCRUTINY SHEET (Mark √ for appropriate)
Course Reviewer
Particulars
Owner I II
Syllabus Covered as per plan
As per University Syllabus
As per University Pattern (Marks Distribution)
CO Addressed as per plan

Reviewer -I Name & Designation:

Date of Scrutiny:

Suggestions if any

Signature

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

Reviewer -II Name & Designation:

Date of Scrutiny:

Suggestions if any

Signature

4.4 IA RESULT SHEET (Separate Sheet of 03 IA to be attached)

4.5 IA RESULT ANALYSIS

Max No. of Students
IA Date
Marks Present Bright Average Weak
I 20

II 20

III 20

4.6 MODULE TEST/ASSIGNMENTANALYSIS

Max No. of Students
IA Date
Marks Present Bright Average Weak
I
II
III
IV
V
(Note: Bright>70%, Average :> 40 %< 70%, Weak: <40%)

5 ATTAINMENT
5.1 CO ATTAINMENT
(Note: Attach IonCudos CO attainment data)
CO-1 CO-2 CO-3 CO-4
CIA
TEE
Direct
Module Test
Assignment
Course End
Indirect Survey
Any other tool

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

ANNEXURE I

Assignment Questions:

Module Assignment Questions CO PO

1 01 01

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 1. What is the difference between the classical and the statistical approaches
to thermodynamics?
2. What is the difference between the macroscopic and microscopic forms of
energy?
3. Why does a bicyclist pick up speed on a downhill road even when he is not
pedaling? Does this violate the conservation of energy principle?
4. An office worker claims that a cup of cold coffee on his table warmed up to
80°C by picking up energy from the Surrounding air, which is at 25°C.? Is
there any truth to his claim? Does this process violate any thermodynamic
laws?
5. What is the difference between pound-mass and pound-force?
6. A can of soft drink at room temperature is put into the refrigerator so that
it will cool. Would you model the can of soft drink as a closed system or as
an open system? Explain.
7. What is the difference between intensive and extensive properties?
8. For a system to be in thermodynamic equilibrium, do the temperature and
the pressure have to be the same everywhere?
9. What is a quasi-equilibrium process? What is its importance in
engineering?
10. Define the isothermal, isobaric, and isochoric processes.
11. What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?
12. What are the ordinary and absolute temperature scales in the SI and the
English system?
13. In what forms can energy cross the boundaries of a closed system?
14. When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat and
when is it work?
15. A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged in. Is this a heat or work
interaction? Take the entire room, including the iron, as the system.
16. What are point and path functions? Give some examples.
17. Consider an alcohol and a mercury thermometer that read exactly 0°C at
the ice point and 100°C at the steam point. The distance between the two
points is divided into 100 equal parts in both thermometers. Do you think
these thermometers will give exactly the same reading at a temperature
of, say, 60°C? Explain.
18. A 1m3 tank is filled with a gas at room temperature 20°C and pressure 100
Kpa. How much mass is there if the gas is
19. Air
20. Neon, or
21. c) Propane?
22. A cylinder has a thick piston initially held by a pin as shown in fig below.
The cylinder contains carbon dioxide at 200 Kpa and ambient temperature
of 290 k. the metal piston has a density of 8000 Kg/m3 and the
atmospheric pressure is 101 Kpa. The pin is now removed, allowing the
piston to move and after a while the gas returns to ambient temperature.
Is the piston against the stops?
23. Two tanks are connected as shown in fig, both containing water. Tank A is
at 200 Kpa,ν=1m3 and tank B contains 3.5 Kg at 0.5 Mp, 4000C. The valve
is now opened and the two come to a uniform state. Find the specific
volume.

2 1. For a cycle, is the net work necessarily zero? For what kind of systems will 02 01,02

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 this be the case?
2. On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on when he leaves his room
in the morning. When he returns in the evening, will the room be warmer
or cooler than the neighboring rooms? Why? Assume all the doors and
windows are kept closed.
3. What are the different mechanisms for transferring energy to or from a
control volume?
4. Water is being heated in a closed pan on top of a range while being stirred
by a paddle wheel. During the process, 30 kJ of heat is transferred to the
water, and 5 kJ of heat is lost to the surrounding air. The paddle-wheel
work amounts to 500 N · m. Determine the final energy of the system if its
initial energy is 10 kJ. Answer: 35.5 kJ
5. Water is being heated in a closed pan on top of a range while being stirred
by a paddle wheel. During the process, 30 kJ of heat is transferred to the
water, and 5 kJ of heat is lost to the surrounding air. The paddle-wheel
work amounts to 500 N · m. Determine the final energy of the system if its
initial energy is 10 kJ. Answer: 35.5 kJ
6. Consider a room that is initially at the outdoor temperature of 20°C. The
room contains a 100-W light bulb, a 110-W TV set, a 200-W refrigerator,
and a 1000-W iron. Assuming no heat transfer through the walls,
determine the rate of increase of the energy content of the room when all
of these electric devices are on.
7. Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 kg/m3 and 40 m/s and leaves at 0.762
kg/m3 and 180 m/s. If the inlet area of then nozzle is 90 cm2, determine
(a) the mass flow rate through the nozzle, and (b) the exit area of the
nozzle.
Answers:0.796 kg/s, (b) 58 cm2

8. A hair dryer is basically a duct of constant diameter in which a few layers of

electric resistors are placed. A small fan pulls the air in and forces it
through the resistors where it is heated. If the density of air is 1.20 kg/m3
at the inlet and 1.05 kg/m3 at the exit, determine the percent increase in
the velocity of air as it flows through the dryer
9. Air enters an adiabatic nozzle steadily at 300 kPa, 200°C, and 30 m/s and
leaves at 100 kPa and 180 m/s. The inlet area of the nozzle is 80 cm2.
Determine (a) the mass flow rate through the nozzle, (b) the exit
temperature of the air, and (c) the exit area of the nozzle.
Answers: (a) 0.5304 kg/s, (b) 184.6°C, (c) 38.7 cm2

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS:-

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 1. An experimentalist claims to have raised the temperature of a small
amount of water to 150°C by transferring heat from high-pressure steam at
120°C. Is this a reasonable claim? Why? Assume no refrigerator or heat
pump is used in the process.
2. What is a thermal energy reservoir? Give some examples.
3. Consider the process of baking potatoes in a conventional oven. Can the
hot air in the oven be treated as a thermal energy reservoir? Explain.
4. What is the Kelvin–Planck expression of the second law of
thermodynamics?
5. Does a heat engine that has a thermal efficiency of 100 percent necessarily
violate (a) the first law and (b) the second law of thermodynamics?
Explain.
6. What is the difference between a refrigerator and a heat pump?
7. What is the difference between a refrigerator and an air conditioner?
8. In a refrigerator, heat is transferred from a lower temperature medium
(the refrigerated space) to a higher temperature one (the kitchen air). Is
this a violation of the second law of thermodynamics? Explain.
9. A heat pump is a device that absorbs energy from the cold outdoor air and
transfers it to the warmer indoors. Is this a violation of the second law of
thermodynamics? Explain.
10. Define the coefficient of performance of a refrigerator in words. Can it be
greater than unity?
11. Define the coefficient of performance of a heat pump in words. Can it be
greater than unity?
12. In a steam power plant 1 MW is added at 700°C in the boiler , 0.58 MW is
taken at out at 40°C in the condenser, and the pump work is 0.02 MW. Find
the plant thermal efficiency. Assuming the same pump work and heat
transfer to the boiler is given, how much turbine power could be produced
if the plant were running in a Carnot cycle?
13. We wish to produce refrigeration at –300C. A reservoir, shown in fig is
available at 200 0C and the ambient temperature is 30 0C. This, work can
be done by a cyclic heat engine operating between the 200 0C reservoir
and the ambient. This work is used to drive the refrigerator. Determine the
ratio of heat transferred from 200 0C reservoir to the heat transferred
from the – 300C reservoir, assuming all process is reversible.

3 PURE SUBSTANCES 03 01,02

1. Define latent heat of ice.
2. What is pure substance?
3. What is saturation temperature and saturation pressure?
4. Define latent Heat of vaporization.
5. Define the terms 'Boiling point' and 'Melting point .
6. What is meant by super heated steam? and indicate its use.
7. Define: sensible heat of water.
8. Define the term "Super heat enthalpy".
9. What is wet and dry steam?
10. State phase rule of pure substances.
11. Define dryness fraction of steam (or) what is quality of steam?
12. Explain the terms: Degree of super heat, Degree of sub cooling. Degree of
super heat:

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 13. Define triple point and critical point for pure substance.
14. A certain quantity of gas is head at constant pressure from 35 °0 to 185°c.
Estimate the amount of heat transferred, ideal work done, change in
internal energy, when the initial volume of the gas is 0.6 m3.
15. 2kg of gas at a pressure of 1.5bar. Occupies a volume of 2.5 m3. If this gas
compresses isothermally to 1/3 times the initial volume. Find initial. Final
temperature, work done, heat transfer.
16. A piston–cylinder device contains 0.1 m3 of liquid water and 0.9 m3 of
water vapor in equilibrium at 800 kPa. Heat is transferred at constant
pressure until the temperature reaches 350°C.
(a) What is the initial temperature of the water?

(b) Determine the total mass of the water.

(c) Calculate the final volume.

(d) Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines.

17. A piston–cylinder device initially contains 50 L of liquid water at 40°C and

200 kPa. Heat is transferred to the water at constant pressure until the
entire liquid is vaporized.
(a) What is the mass of the water?

(b) What is the final temperature?

(c) Determine the total enthalpy change.

(d) Show the process on a T-v diagram with respect to saturation lines.

Answers: (a) 49.61 kg, (b) 120.21°C, (c) 125,943 Kj

18. Determine the specific volume of superheated water vapor at 10 MPa and
400°C, using
(a) The ideal-gas equation,

(b) The generalized compressibility chart, and (c) the steam tables. Also
determine the error involved in the first two cases

Answers: (a) 0.03106 m3/kg, 17.6 percent; (b) 0.02609 m3/kg, 1.2 percent;
(c) 0.02644 m3/kg

4 THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS 03,04 01,02

1. Can the variation of specific heat cp with pressure at a given temperature
be determined from a knowledge of Pv- T data alone?
2. Show that the enthalpy of an ideal gas is a function of temperature only
and that for an incompressible substance it also depends on pressure.
3. Derive an expression for the specific-heat difference cp _ cv for (a) an ideal
gas, (b) a vander Waals gas, and (c) an incompressible substance.
4. Estimate the specific-heat difference cp - cv for liquid water at 15 MPa and
80°C.
Answer: 0.32 kJ/kg · K

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 5. Estimate the specific-heat difference cp - cv for liquid water at 1000 psi and
150°F.
Answer: 0.057 Btu/lbm · R

6. Derive a relation for the Joule-Thomson coefficient and the inversion

temperature for a gas whose equation of state is (P- a/v2) v = RT.
7. Steam is throttled from 4.5 MPa and 300°C to 2.5 MPa. Estimate the
temperature change of the steam during this process and the average
Joule-Thomson coefficient.
Answers: _26.3°C, 13.1°C/MPa

8. A rigid tank contains 1.2 m3 of argon at _100°C and 1 MPa. Heat is now
transferred to argon until the temperature in the tank rises to 0°C. Using
the generalized charts, determine (a) the mass of the argon in the tank, (b)
the final pressure, and (c) the heat transfer.
Answers: (a) 35.1 kg, (b) 1531 kPa, (c) 1251 kJ

5 IDEAL GAS MIXTURE:- 03,05 01,02

1. What is the difference between the component pressure and the partial
pressure? When are these two equivalents?
2. What is the difference between the component volume and the partial
volume? When are these two equivalents?
3. In a gas mixture, which component will have the higher partial pressure—
the one with the higher mole number or the one with the larger molar
mass?
4. Consider a rigid tank that contains a mixture of two ideal gases. A valve is
opened and some gas escapes. As a result, the pressure in the tank drops.
Will the partial pressure of each component change? How about the
pressure fraction of each component?
5. Consider a rigid tank that contains a mixture of two ideal gases. The gas
mixture is heated, and the pressure and temperature in the tank rise. Will
the partial pressure of each component change? How about the pressure
fraction of each component?
6. Is this statement correct? The volume of an ideal gas mixture is equal to
the sum of the volumes of each individual gas in the mixture. If not, how
would you correct it?
7. Is this statement correct? The temperature of an ideal-gas mixture is equal
to the sum of the temperatures of each individual gas in the mixture. If
not, how would you correct it?
8. Is a mixture of ideal gases also an ideal gas? Givean example.
9. Express Dalton’s law of additive pressures. Does this law hold exactly for
ideal-gas mixtures? How about no ideal gas mixtures?
10. A rigid tank that contains 1 kg of N2 at 25°C and 300 kPa is connected to
another rigid tank that contains 3 kg of O2 at 25°C and 500 kPa. The valve
connecting the two tanks is opened, and the two gases are allowed to mix.
If the final mixture temperature is 25°C, determine the volume of each
tank and the final mixture pressure.
Answers: 0.295 m3, 0.465 m3, 422 kPa

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19

 11. An insulated tank that contains 1 kg of O2 at 15°C and 300 kPa is
connected to a 2-m3 uninsulated tank that contains N2 at 50°C and 500
kPa. The valve connecting the two tanks is opened, and the two gases form
a homogeneous mixture at 25°C. Determine (a) the final pressure in the
tank, (b) the heat transfer, and (c) the entropy generated during this
process. Assume T0 =25°C.
Answers: (a) 444.6 kPa, (b) 187.2 kJ, (c) 0.962 kJ/K

12. A 0.9-m3 rigid tank is divided into two equal compartments by a partition.
One compartment contains Ne at 20°C and 100 kPa, and the other
compartment contains Ar at 50°C and 200 kPa. Now the partition is
removed, and the two gases are allowed to mix. Heat is lost to the
surrounding air during this process in the amount of 15 kJ. Determine (a)
the final mixture temperature and (b) the final mixture pressure.
Answers: (a) 16.2°C, (b) 138.9 kPa

Department of Mechanical Engineering, TCE, GADAG 2018-19