GMAT Geometry | Examples & Practice Problems

Example 1
Find the complement of each angle.
A. 17◦ B. 24◦ C. 87◦ D. 60◦

Solution
A. 90◦ − 17◦ = 73◦
B. 90◦ − 24◦ = 66◦
C. 90◦ − 87◦ = 3◦
D. 90◦ − 60◦ = 30◦

Example 2
Find the supplement of each angle.
A. 156◦ B. 95◦ C. 103◦ D. 135◦

Solution
A. 180◦ − 156◦ = 24◦
B. 180◦ − 95◦ = 85◦
C. 180◦ − 103◦ = 77◦
D. 180◦ − 135◦ = 45◦

Example 3
Find the sum of the interior angles of a polygon with the given number of
sides.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 10 E. 15

Solution
A. n = 3, S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (3 − 2)(180◦ ) = 1 × 180◦ = 180◦
B. n = 4, S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (4 − 2)(180◦ ) = 2 × 180◦ = 360◦
C. n = 5, S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (5 − 2)(180◦ ) = 3 × 180◦ = 540◦
◦
D. n = 10, S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (10 − 2)(180◦ ) = 8 × 180◦ = 1,440
◦
E. n = 15, S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (15 − 2)(180◦ ) = 13 × 180◦ = 2,340

Example 4
Can the three given lengths be the sides of a triangle?
A. 3, 8, 12 B. 3, 8, 11 C. 3, 8, 10

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Solution
A. The first check is to add the two smaller numbers to see if they exceed the
length of the third side. Here 3 + 8 = 11 and 11 < 12. A triangle cannot
have sides of lengths 3, 8, and 12.
B. 3 + 8 = 11 and 11 = 11. A triangle cannot have sides of lengths 3, 8, and
11.
C. 3+8 = 11 and 11 > 10. 3+10 = 13 and 13 > 10. 8+10 = 18 and 18 > 10.
A triangle can have sides of lengths 3, 8, and 10.

Example 5
Can these be the angles of a triangle?
A. 20◦ , 50◦ , 130◦ B. 30◦ , 60◦ , 90◦ C. 40◦ , 40◦ , 100◦
D. 35◦ , 50◦ , 95◦ E. 40◦ , 90◦ , 110◦ F. 61◦ , 60◦ , 50◦

Solution
A. 20◦ + 50◦ + 130◦ = 200◦ 200◦ = 180◦ These are not the angles of a
triangle.
B. 30◦ + 60◦ + 90◦ = 180◦ 180◦ = 180◦ These are the angles of a
triangle.

C. 40◦ + 40◦ + 100◦ = 180◦ 180◦ = 180◦ These are the angles of a
triangle.
D. 35◦ + 50◦ + 95◦ = 180◦ 180◦ = 180◦ These are the angles of a
triangle.
E. 40◦ + 90◦ + 110◦ = 240◦ 240◦ = 180◦ These are not the angles of a
triangle.
F. 61◦ + 60◦ + 50◦ = 171◦ 171◦ = 180◦ These are not the angles of a
triangle.

Example 6
In a 30◦ –60◦ –90◦ right triangle, side a is opposite the 30◦ angle. Find the
lengths of the other sides. 
A. a = 5 B. a = 8 C. a = 3

Solution
 
A. a = 5, b = a 3 = 5 3, c = 2a = 10
 
B. a = 
8, b = a 3 = 8 3, c = 2a = 
16
C. a = 3, b = a 3 = 3, c = 2a = 2 3

Example 7
In a 45◦ –45◦ –90◦ right triangle, the leg has length a. Find the lengths of the
other sides.

A. a = 8 B. a = 10 C. a = 2

Solution
 
A. a = 8, b = a = 8, c = a 2 = 8 2
 
B. a = 
10, b = a = 10,
 c = a 2
 = 102 
C. a = 2, b = a = 2, c = a 2 = 2 × 2 = 2

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 Example 8
Could a right triangle have sides of the lengths given?
A. 3, 4, 5 B. 5, 10, 12 C. 5, 12, 13

Solution
A. The hypotenuse is the longest side, so c = 5, a = 3, b = 4.
a2 + b2 = 32 + 42 = 9 + 16 = 25 and c2 = 52 = 25
Since a2 + b2 = c2 , these can be the sides of a right triangle.
B. c = 12, a = 5, b = 10
a2 + b2 = 52 + 102 = 25 + 100 = 125 and c2 = 122 = 144
Since a2 + b2 = c2 , these are not the sides of a right triangle.

C. c = 13, a = 5, b = 12
a2 + b2 = 52 + 122 = 25 + 144 = 169 and c2 = 132 = 169
Since a2 + b2 = c2 , these can be the sides of a right triangle.

Two triangles are similar when two angles of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding two angles of the other triangle.

Example 9
If the diameter of a circle is 30 cm, what is the circumference of the circle?

Solution
C = πd 

C = 30π cm

Example 10
If the diameter of a circle is 40 feet, what is the area of the circle?

Solution
d = 40 ft, so r = 20 ft and use π = 3.14
A = πr 2
A = (π) (20 ft)2
A = 400π ft2
Example 11
In Figure 10.26, if arc AD = 42◦ , arc AC = 72◦ , and arc BC = 46◦ , what is the
measure of arc BD?
Solution
arc AD + arc AC + arc CD + arc BD = 360◦
42◦ + 72◦ + 46◦ + arc BD = 360◦
160◦ + arc BD = 360◦
arc BD = 200◦

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Example 12

 an edge of the
If the surface area of a cube is 1,176 in2 , what is the length of
cube?

Solution
S = 6e2
1,176 in2 = 6e2
 in = e
2 2
196
2
196 in = e Since e is the length of an edge of a cube, only the positive
square root is used.
14 in = e

Example 13
If the radius and height of a right circular cylinder are 8 cm and 10 cm,
respectively, what is the surface area of the cylinder?

Solution
S = 2πrh + 2πr 2
S = 2(π )(8 cm)(10 cm) + 2(π )(8 cm)2
2 2
S = 160π cm + 128π cm
2
S = 288π cm

Example 14
What is the slope of the line through the points (6, −4) and (−8, −6)?

Solution
y2 − y1
m=
x2 − x1
−6 − (−4)
m=
−8 − 6
−6 + 4
m=
−14
−2
m=
−14
1
m=
7

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Example 15
What is the midpoint of the line segment with endpoints (6, −4) and
(−8, −6)?

Solution
 
x1 + x2 y1 + y2
M= ,
2 2
 
6 − 8 −4 − 6
M= ,
2 2
 
−2 −10
M= ,
2 2
M = (−1, −5)

Example 16
What is the distance between the points (6, −4) and (−8, −6)?

Solution

d = (x2 − x1 )2 + (y2 − y1 )2

d = (−8 − 6)2 + [−6 − (−4)]2

d = (−14)2 + (−6 + 4)2

d = 196 + (−2)2

d = 196 + 4

d = 200
 
d = 100 · 2

d = 10 2

Example 17
If a line has a slope of −3 and a y intercept of (0, 4), what is the equation of
the line?

Solution
y = mx + b
m = −3 and b=4
y = −3x + 4

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 PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Lines, points and angles)
1. Find the supplements of these angles. 4. Using Figure 10.3 with a || b, find all the angles
A. 127◦ B. 90◦ C. 28◦ D. 30◦ E. 57◦ 2 through 8.
A. ∠1 = 72◦ B. ∠1 = 90◦ C. ∠1 = 125◦
2. Find the complement of these angles.
A. 71◦ B. 12◦ C. 76◦ D. 30◦ E. 45◦ 5. In Figure 10.3 with a || b, ∠ 1 = 4x◦ + 20◦ ,
and ∠4 = 4x◦ , find the measures of angles
3. Find the angles requested. 1 through 8.
A. An angle is 4 times its complement. Find
the angle. 6. In Figure 10.3 with a || b, ∠ 3 = 5x◦ and
B. An angle is 8 times its supplement. Find ∠4 = 3x◦ − 20◦ , find the measures of angles 1
the angle. through 8.
C. An angle is 10◦ less than its complement.
Find the angle. 7. In Figure 10.3 with a || b, ∠ 7 = 3x◦ + 10◦ and
D. An angle is 30◦ more than its supplement. ∠2 = x◦ − 30◦ , find the measures of angles 1
Find the angle. through 8.
E. An angle is 10◦ more than 3 times its
complement. Find the angle.
F. If twice an angle is added to 45◦ , you
get the supplement of the angle. Find the
angle.

SOLUTIONS
1. A. 180◦ − 127◦ = 53◦ D. n = angle, n − 30◦ = supplement
B. 180◦ − 90◦ = 90◦ n + n − 30◦ = 180◦
C. 180◦ − 28◦ = 152◦ 2n − 30◦ = 180◦
D. 180◦ − 30◦ = 150◦ 2n = 210◦
E. 180◦ − 57◦ = 123◦
n = 105◦
2. A. 90◦ − 71◦ = 19◦ The angle is 105◦ .
B. 90◦ − 12◦ = 78◦ E. n = complement, 3n + 10◦ = angle
C. 90◦ − 76◦ = 14◦ n + 3n + 10◦ = 90◦
D. 90◦ − 30◦ = 60◦ 4n + 10◦ = 90◦
E. 90◦ − 45◦ = 45◦
4n = 80◦
3. A. n = the complement, 4n = the angle n = 20◦
n + 4n = 90◦ 3n + 10◦ = 70◦
5n = 90◦ The angle is 70◦ .
n = 18◦ F. n = angle, 2n + 45◦ = supplement
4n = 72◦ n + 2n + 45◦ = 180◦
The angle is 72◦ .
3n = 135◦
B. n = complement, 8n = angle
n + 8n = 180◦ n = 45◦
9n = 180◦ The angle is 45◦ .
n = 20◦
8n = 160◦ 4. A. ∠1 = 72◦ , ∠2 supp ∠1 so ∠2 + ∠1 = 180◦ ,
The angle is 160◦ . ∠2 = 180◦ − 72◦ = 108◦
C. n = complement, n − 10◦ = angle Vertical angles ∠1 = ∠3, ∠3 = 72◦ ; ∠4 =
n + n − 10◦ = 90◦ ∠2, ∠4 = 108◦
2n − 10◦ = 90◦ Corresponding angles ∠1 = ∠5, ∠4 = ∠8,
2n = 100◦ ∠2 = ∠6, ∠3 = ∠7,
n = 50◦
n − 10◦ = 40◦ ∠5 = 72◦ , ∠8 = 108◦ , ∠6 = 108◦ , ∠7 = 72◦
The angle is 40◦ . ∠2 = 108◦ , ∠3 = 72◦ , ∠4 = 108◦

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 B. ∠1 = 90◦ , ∠2 supp ∠1, so ∠2 + ∠1 = 180◦ , 6. ∠3 and ∠4 are supplementary.
∠2 = 180◦ − 90◦ = 90◦ ∠3 + ∠4 = 180◦
Vertical angles ∠1 = ∠3, ∠3 = 90◦ ; ∠4 = 5x◦ + 3x◦ − 20◦ = 180◦
∠2, ∠4 = 90◦ 8x◦ − 20◦ = 180◦
Corresponding angles ∠1 = ∠5, ∠4 = ∠8, 8x◦ = 200◦
∠2 = ∠6, ∠3 = ∠7 x◦ = 25◦
∠5 = 90◦ , ∠8 = 90◦ , ∠6 = 90◦ , ∠7 = 90◦ ∠3 = 5x◦ = 125◦ , ∠4 = 3x◦ − 20◦ = 55◦
∠2 = 90◦ , ∠3 = 90◦ , ∠4 = 90◦ ∠1 = ∠3 = ∠5 = ∠7 = 125◦ ,
C. ∠1 = 125◦ , ∠2 supp ∠1 so ∠2 + ∠1 = 180◦ , ∠2 = ∠4 = ∠6 = ∠8 = 55◦
∠2 = 180◦ − 125◦ = 55◦
Vertical angles ∠1 = ∠3, ∠3 = 125◦ ; ∠4 = 7. ∠2 and ∠7 are supplementary.
∠2, ∠4 = 55◦ ∠7 supp ∠2
Corresponding angles ∠1 = ∠5, ∠2 = ∠6, ∠7 + ∠2 = 180◦
∠3 = ∠7, ∠4 = ∠8 x◦ − 30◦ + 3x◦ + 10◦ = 180◦
∠5 = 125◦ , ∠6 = 55◦ , ∠7 = 125◦ , ∠8 = 55◦ 4x◦ − 20◦ = 180◦
∠2 = 55◦ , ∠3 = 125◦ , ∠4 = 55◦ 4x◦ = 200◦
x◦ = 50◦
5. ∠1 and ∠4 are supplementary. ∠7 = 3x◦ + 10◦ = 160◦ , ∠2 = x◦ − 30◦ = 20◦
∠1 + ∠4 = 180◦ ∠1 = ∠3 = ∠5 = ∠7 = 160◦ ,
4x◦ + 4x◦ + 20◦ = 180◦ ∠2 = ∠4 = ∠6 = ∠8 = 20◦
8x◦ + 20◦ = 180◦
8x◦ = 160◦
x◦ = 20◦
∠1 = 4x◦ + 20◦ = 100◦ , ∠4 = 80◦
∠1 = ∠3 = ∠5 = ∠7 = 100◦
∠2 = ∠4 = ∠6 = ∠8 = 80◦

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Polygons)

1. Find the sum of the interior angles of each A. Equiangular B. Equiangular
polygon. triangle quadrilateral
A. Quadrilateral B. Hexagon C. Octagon C. Regular D. Regular octagon
pentagon
2. Find the measure of one angle for each
polygon.

SOLUTIONS
1. A. A quadrilateral has 4 sides, so n = 4. B. An equiangular quadrilateral is a polygon
S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (4 − 2)(180◦ ) = 2 × with 4 sides and all four angles are equal.
(180◦ ) = 360◦ S = (4 − 2)(180◦ ) = 360◦ , 360◦ ÷ 4 = 90◦
B. A hexagon has 6 sides, so n = 6. Each angle is 90◦ .
S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (6 − 2)(180◦ ) = 4 × C. A regular pentagon is a polygon with 5
180◦ = 720◦ sides that are equal and 5 angles that are
C. An octagon has 8 sides, so n = 8. equal.
S = (n − 2)(180◦ ) = (8 − 2)(180◦ ) = 6 × S = (5 − 2)(180◦ ) = 540◦ , 540◦ ÷ 5 = 108◦
180◦ = 1080◦ Each angle is 108◦ .
D. A regular octagon is a polygon with 8 equal
2. A. An equiangular triangle is a polygon with 3 sides and 8 equal angles.
sides, and the angles are equal. S = (8−2)(180◦ ) = 1080◦ , 1080◦ ÷8 = 135◦
S = (3 − 2)180◦ = 180◦ , each angle is equal, Each angle is 135◦ .
so each is one-third of the sum. 180◦ ÷ 3 =
60◦ . Each angle is 60◦ .

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 PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Triangles)
1. Which sets of lengths can be the sides of a 7. In a 45◦ –45◦ –90◦ triangle, the length of a leg
triangle? is a. What are the lengths of the other two
A. 5, 8, 17 B. 6, 8, 12 C. 5, 12, 17 sides? 
D. 12, 18, 20 A. a = 8 2 B. a = 10 C. a = 16
2. Which sets of angles can be the angles of a 8. Could a right triangle have sides of the
triangle? lengths given?
A. 70◦ , 80◦ , 30◦ B. 75◦ , 45◦ , 60◦ A. 7, 24, 25 B. 10, 24, 26 C. 10, 15, 20
◦ ◦ ◦
C. 18 , 72 , 90 D. 70◦ , 30◦ , 40◦
9. Find the missing side of the right triangle
3. If triangle ABC is isosceles and ∠A is a base
when the other two sides are as given.
angle, find the measure of the other base
A. Leg = 11, leg = 60 B. Leg = 36,
angle and the vertex angle. Use Figure 10.8.
hypotenuse = 39
A. ∠A = 40◦ B. ∠A = 32◦ C. ∠A = 75◦
10. C
4. If triangle ABC is isosceles and ∠C is the ver-
tex angle, find the measure of the base angles.
F
Use Figure 10.8.
A. ∠C = 160◦ B. ∠C = 90◦ C. ∠C = 70◦

5. In a 30◦ –60◦ –90◦ triangle, the hypotenuse has

length c. Find the lengths of the legs of the
triangle. 
A. c = 18 B. c = 24 C. c = 4 3 A B D E

6. In a 30◦ –60◦ –90◦ triangle, the hypotenuse has Figure 10.12

length c. Find the lengths of the legs of the
triangles. In Figure 10.12, triangle ABC ∼ triangle DEF

A. c = 20 B. c = 36 C. c = 6 3 with sides as indicated. Find x and y.

11. A 12. C

x y

D E

D
C B A B

Figure 10.14

E In Figure 10.14, triangle ABC ∼ triangle DEC,

AB = 10, BC = 14, AC = 18, DE = 5, CD = x,
Figure 10.13 and CE = y. Find x and y.

In Figure 10.13, triangle DEC ∼ triangle BAC

with sides as indicated. Find x and y.

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 SOLUTIONS
 
1. A. 17 is the longest side. 17 > 5 + 8, so 5, 8, 6. A. c = 20, c = 2a, a = 10, b = a 3 = 10 3
 
and 17 are not the sides of a triangle. B. c = 36, c = 2a, a = 18, b = a 3 = 18 3
B. 12 is the longest side. 12 < 6 + 8, so 6, 8,   
C. c 
= 6  3, c = 2a, a = 3 3, b = a 3 =
and 12 are the sides of a triangle.
C. 17 is the longest side. 17 = 5 + 12, so 5, 3 3× 3=3×3=9
12, and 17 are not the sides of a triangle. 
D. 20 is the longest side. 20 < 12 + 18, so 12, 7. a = b, c = a 2
18, and 20 are the sides of a triangle.    
A. a = 8 2, b = 8 2, c = 8 2 × 2 =
2. A. 70◦ +80◦ +30◦ = 180◦ . These are the angles 8 × 2 = 16

of a triangle. B. a = 10, b = 10, c = 10 2
B. 75◦ +45◦ +60◦ = 180◦ . These are the angles 
C. a = 16, b = 16, c = 16 2
of a triangle.
C. 18◦ +72◦ +90◦ = 180◦ . These are the angles 8. A. 72 + 242 = 49 + 576 = 625, 252 = 625
of a triangle.
72 + 242 = 252 , so 7, 24, and 25 are the
D. 70◦ +30◦ +40◦ = 140◦ . 140◦ < 180◦ . These
sides of a right triangle.
are not the angles of a triangle.
B. 102 + 242 = 100 + 576 = 676, 262 = 676
3. A. ∠A = 40◦ , ∠B = 40◦ , and ∠C = 180◦ − 102 + 242 = 262 , so 10, 24, and 26 are the
40◦ − 40◦ = 100◦ sides of a right triangle.
B. ∠A = 32◦ , ∠B = 32◦ , and ∠C = 180◦ −
32◦ − 32◦ = 116◦ C. 102 + 152 = 100 + 225 = 325, 202 = 400
C. ∠A = 75◦ , ∠B = 75◦ , and ∠C = 180◦ − 102 + 152 = 202 , so 10, 15, and 20 are not
75◦ − 75◦ = 30◦ the sides of a right triangle.

4. A. ∠C = 160◦ , ∠A + ∠B = 180◦ − 160◦ = 20◦ , 9. A. a2 + b2 = c2 , a = 11, b = 60

∠A = ∠B = 10◦ 112 + 602 = c2
B. ∠C = 90◦ , ∠A + ∠B = 180◦ − 90◦ = 90◦ ,
121 + 3, 600 = 3, 721 = c2
∠A = ∠B = 45◦ 
C. ∠C = 70◦ , ∠A + ∠B = 180◦ − 70◦ = 110◦ , 3, 721 = 61 = c (hypotenuse)
∠A = ∠B = 55◦ B. a + b2 = c2
2
  362 + b2 = 392
5. A. c = 18, c = 2a, a = 9, b = a 
3 = 9 3
B. c = 24,c = 2a, a = 12, b =a 3 = 12 3 1, 296 + b2 = 1521
C. c 
= 4  3, c = 2a, a = 2 3, b = a 3 = b2 = 1, 521 − 1, 296 = 225

2 3× 3=2×3=6 b = 225 = 15 (second leg)

10. Triangle ABC ∼ triangle DEF, AC = 8, AB = 12. Triangle ABC ∼ triangle DEC, AB = 10, BC =
12, BC = 18, DE = x, EF = y, DF = 4 14, AC = 18, DE = 5, CD = x, CE = y
AB BC AC AB BC AC

 = = = =
DE EF DF DE EC DC
12 8 18 8
= = 10 14 10 18
x 4 y 4 = =
5 y 5 x
8x = 48 8y = 72
x=6 y=9 10y = 70 10x = 90
y=7 x=9
11. Triangle DEC ∼ triangle BAC, DE = 3, EC =
5, DC = 4, BA = 21, AC = x, BC = y
DE EC DC
= =
BA AC BC
3 4 3 5
= , =
21 y 21 x
3y = 84 3x = 105
y = 28 x = 35

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 PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Quadrilaterals)
1. Which quadrilaterals have the sum of the 8. Which quadrilaterals have diagonals that
angles equal to 360◦ ? bisect the angles?

2. Which quadrilaterals have only one pair of 9. Which quadrilaterals have the opposite
parallel sides? angles equal?

3. Which quadrilaterals have two diagonals? 10. Which quadrilaterals are equiangular?

4. Which quadrilaterals have equal diagonals? 11. Which quadrilaterals are equilateral?
5. Which quadrilaterals have perpendicular 12. Which quadrilaterals have the consecutive
diagonals? angles supplementary?
6. Which quadrilaterals have two pairs of paral- 13. Which quadrilaterals have opposite sides
lel sides?
equal?
7. Which quadrilaterals have diagonals that
14. Which quadrilaterals are regular polygons?
bisect each other?

SOLUTIONS
1. All quadrilaterals, trapezoid, parallelogram, 8. Rhombus, square
rectangle, rhombus, square
9. Parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square
2. Trapezoid
10. Rectangle, square
3. All quadrilaterals, trapezoid, parallelogram,
rectangle, rhombus, square 11. Rhombus, square

4. Rectangle, square 12. Parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square

5. Rhombus, square 13. Parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square

6. Parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square 14. Square
7. Parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Perimeter and area)

1. Find the perimeter of a square with side s. 2. Find the perimeter of a rectangle with length
l and width w.
A. s = 25 cm B. s = 76 mm C. s = 7.5 ft
D. s = 2 ft 9 in A. l = 16 cm, w = 9 cm B. l = 63 ft, w = 49 ft
C. l = 3.5 m, w = 9.75 m

3. Find the perimeter of the triangle with these 9. Find the area of the trapezoid with altitude h
sides. and bases a and b.
A. h = 8 cm, a = 4 cm, b = 10 cm
A. 16 m, 8 m, 14 m B. 20 in, 16 in, 28 in
B. h = 5 mm, a = 9 mm, b = 13 mm
C. 6.22 m, 4.7 m, 5.84 m C. h = 18 in, a = 29 in, b = 36 in
D. h = 7 ft, a = 8 ft, b = 14 ft
4. Find the perimeter of the equilateral triangle
with side s. 10. Find the area of the right triangle with the
A. s = 40 cm B. s = 14 ft C. s = 4.75 m given sides.
A. 11 in, 60 in, 61 in B. 7 cm, 24 cm, 25 cm
D. s = 8.4 in

10
 11. E
5. Find the perimeter of the pentagon whose
sides are 24 in, 58 in, 32 in, 66 in, and 43 in.

6. Find the area of the parallelogram with the G F

base b and altitude h.
A. b = 26 in, h = 14 in B. b = 98 cm, h = 75 cm
C. b = 25 in, h = 32 in
C

7. Find the area of the triangle with the base b D

and altitude h.
A. b = 12 cm, h = 18 cm B. b = 13 m, h = 10 m


C. b = 5 ft, h = 7 ft
A B
8. Find the area of the square with side s.
A. s = 18 ft B. s = 10 ft C. s = 15 cm Figure 10.24
D. s = 6 ft E. s = 8 m
Find the area of figure ABCDEFG using
Figure 10.24.

SOLUTIONS
1. A. P = 4s = 4(25 cm) = 100 cm 5. A. P = 24 in + 58 in + 32 in + 66 in + 43 in =
B. P = 4s = 4(76 mm) = 304 mm 223 in
C. P = 4s = 4(7.5 ft) = 30 ft
D. P = 4s = 4(2 ft 9 in) = 8 ft 36 in = 8 ft+3 ft = 6. A. A = bh = (26 in)(14 in) = 364 in2
11 ft B. A = bh = (98 cm)(75 cm) = 7,350 cm2
C. A = bh = (25 in)(32 in) = 800 in2
2. A. P = 2l + 2w = 2(16 cm) + 2(9 cm) = 32
cm + 18 cm = 50 cm 7. A. A = 0.5bh = 0.5(12 cm)(18 cm) = 108 cm2
B. P = 2l +2w = 2(63 ft) + 2(49 ft) = 126 ft + B. A = 0.5bh = 0.5(13 m)(10 m) = 65 m2
98 ft = 224 ft C. A = 0.5bh = 0.5(5 ft)(7 ft) = 17.5 ft2
C. P = 2l + 2w = 2(3.5 m) + 2(9.75 m) = 7.0
m + 19.5 m = 26.5 m 8. A. A = s2 = (18 ft)2 = 324 ft2
B. A = s2 = (10 ft)2 = 100 ft2
3. A. P = s1 + s2 + s3 = 16 m + 8 m + 14 m =
C. A = s2 = (15 cm)2 = 225 cm2
38 m
B. P = 20 in + 16 in + 28 in = 64 in D. A = s2 = (6 ft)2 = 36 ft2
C. P = 6.22 m + 4.7 m + 5.84 m = 16.76 m E. A = s2 = (8 m)2 = 64 m2

4. A. P = 3s = 3(40 cm) = 120 cm 9. A. A = 0.5h(a + b) = 0.5(8 cm)(4 cm +

B. P = 3s = 3(14 ft) = 42 ft 10 cm) = 0.5(8 cm)(14 cm) = 56 cm2
C. P = 3s = 3(4.75 m) = 14.25 m B. A = 0.5h(a + b) = 0.5(5 mm)(9 mm +
D. P = 3s = 3(8.4 in) = 25.2 in 13 mm) = 0.5(5 mm)(22 mm) = 55 mm2

11
 C. A = 0.5h(a + b) = 0.5(18 in)(29 in + 11. Draw FX ⊥ ED, draw CY ⊥ GF, AB + CD =
36 in) = 0.5(18 in)(65 in) = 585 in2 GX = 6 + 4 = 10
D. A = 0.5h(a + b) = 0.5(7 ft)(8 ft + 14 ft) = GY = AB = 6, YX = CD = 4, FX = 10 − 7 = 3,
0.5(7 ft)(22 ft) = 77 ft2 CY = GA − BC = 10 − 4 = 6
Area of ABCDEFG = area of ABYG + area
10. A. A = 0.5ab A = 0.5(11 in)(60 in) = CDXY + area FXE
330 in2 Area ABYG = lw = (10)(6) = 60
B. A = 0.5ab A = 0.5(7 cm)(24 cm) = Area CDXY = lw = (6)(4) = 24
84 cm2 Area FXE = 0.5ab = 0.5(3)(7) = 10.5 ED −
YD = 13 − 6 = 7
Area ABCDEFG = 60+24+10.5 = 94.5 square
units

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Circles)

1. In Figure 10.27, if AC = 12 and BC = 35, what 5. In Figure 10.26, if CE = ED, AE = 2, and EB =
is the radius of the circle? 6, what is the length of CD?

C 6. In Figure 10.26, if arc CB = 35◦ and arc AD =

95◦ , what is the measure of ∠AED?

7. In Figure 10.26, if arc BC = 125◦ and arc AD =

105◦ , what is the measure of ∠BEC?

A B 8. What is the circumference of a circle whose

O radius is 10 cm?

9. What is the area of a circle whose diameter is

10 inches?

10. What is the circumference of a circle whose

area is 49π cm2 ?
Figure 10.27
11. What is the area of a sector of a circle whose
2. In Figure 10.27, if AC = BC = 10 cm, what is central angle is 60◦ and the radius is 12 ft?
the length of the diameter of the circle?
12. What is the area of a circle whose radius is
3. In Figure 10.27, if AC = AO = 5, what is the 12.2 cm?
area of triangle ABC?
13. Find the circumference of a circle when the
4. In Figure 10.26, if AE = 12, BE = 7, and CE = radius is 18 cm.
6, what is the length of CD?

SOLUTIONS
1. Triangle ACB is a right triangle. Line segment 2. AC = BC = 10 cm in right triangle ABC.
AB is the hypotenuse of the right triangle AC2 + BC2 = AB2 , 102 + 
102 = AB 2 , 100 +
and the diameter of the circle. 122 + 352 =  =AB , 200
100 2
 = AB , 200 = AB , AB =
2

144 + 1, 225 = 1, 369 = 372 so AB = 37. 100 2 = 10 2

The radius is one-half of the diameter. So r =
0.5(37) = 18.5.

12
 Note: Right triangle ABC is an isosceles right tri- 6. ∠AED = 0.5(35◦ + 95◦ ) = 0.5(130◦ ) = 65◦
angle, so it is a 45◦ –45◦ –90◦ right triangle and AB

= AC 2. 7. ∠BEC = 0.5(125◦ + 105◦ ) = 0.5(230◦ ) = 115◦

3. AC = AO, so 2AC = AB, so it ◦ ◦ ◦ 8. C = 2πr = 2π (10 cm) = 20π cm

is a 30–60 –90
right triangle and BC= AC 3 =5 3.
A = 0.5ab = 0.5(5)(5 3) = 12.5 3 9. A = πr 2 = π (5 in)2 = π (25 in2 ) = 25π in2

4. AE * EB = CE * ED 10. A = πr 2 = 49π cm2 so r 2 = 49 cm2 r = 7 cm

AE = 12, EB = 7, CE = 6 C = 2πr = 2π (7 cm) = 14π cm
ED = x
12 × 7 = 6x 11. 360◦ ÷ 60◦ = 6 A = 2πr 2 = π (12 ft)2 =
84 = 6x π(144 ft2 ) = 144π ft2
14 = x Area of sector = area of circle ÷ 6 = 144 ft2 ÷
CD = CE + ED = 6 + 14 = 20 6 = 24 π ft2

5. AE × EB = CE × ED CE = ED, AE = 2, 12. A = πr 2 = π (12.2 cm)2 = π (148.84 cm2 ) =

EB = 6 148.84 π cm2
2×6=y×y Let CE 
= ED = y 
12 = y2
 CE = 2 3, ED = 2  3 13. C = 2πr = 2π (18 cm) = 36π cm
12= y CE + ED = 2 3 + 2 3
4 3=y CD = 4 3
2 3=y

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Solid geometry)

1. A rectangular solid has length l, width w, and 11. Find the volume of a pyramid that has a rect-
height h. Find the volume of the solid. angular base with length l and width w and
A. l = 10 ft, w = 8 ft, h = 7 ft the height of the pyramid is h.
B. l = 30 cm, w = 24 cm, h = 12 cm A. l = 8 in, w = 6 in, h = 12 in
B. l = 7 cm, w = 4 cm, h = 6 cm
2. A rectangular solid has length l, width w, and
height h. Find the surface area of the solid. 12. Find the volume of a pyramid that has a
A. l = 10 in, w = 6 in, h = 12 in square base with side e. The height of the
B. l = 8 m, w = 7 m, h = 10 m pyramid is h.
3. A cube has edge e. Find the volume of the A. e = 6 cm, h = 10 cm B. e = 9 in, h = 14 in
cube.
A. e = 0.4 m B. e = 10 in 13. The dimensions of a classroom are 24 feet by
C. e = 12 cm D. e = 5 m 17 feet by 12 feet. Find the number of cubic
feet of air space that it contains.
4. A cube has edge e. Find the surface area of
the cube. 14. Find the volume of a cube where the surface
A. e = 2 in B. e = 7 ft area is 54 square inches.
C. e = 1.2 cm D. e = 0.4 m
15. A cylindrical can is 6 inches tall, and the
5. A right circular cylinder has a radius r and radius of the base is 3 inches. What is the
height h. Find the volume of the cylinder. surface area of the can?
A. r = 4 in, h = 8 in B. r = 7 cm, h = 3.5 cm
16. A cylindrical tank holds 1,540 cubic feet of
6. A right circular cylinder has radius r and water. The base is a circle with a 7-foot diam-
height h. Find the surface area of the cylinder. eter. To the nearest foot, what is the height of
A. r = 8.4 m, h = 10.2 m B. r = 8 ft, h = 7 ft the cylinder?

13
 7. A sphere has radius r . Find the volume of the
17. Find the volume of a pyramid when the area
sphere.
of the base is 25 square inches and the height
A. r = 6 in B. r = 8 cm C. r = 10 m
is 6 inches.
8. A sphere has a radius r . Find the surface area
18. If the volume of a sphere is 288π cm3 , what
of the sphere.
is the radius?
A. r = 5 cm B. r = 1.4 m C. r = 9 in

9. A right circular cone has a radius r and height 19. What is the surface area of a rectangular solid
h. Find the volume of the cone. whose dimensions are 17 cm, 19 cm, and
A. r = 6 in, h = 10 in 20 cm?
B. r = 4 cm, h = 12 cm
20. What is the surface area of a cube whose edge
10. A right circular cone has a radius r and slant is 14 mm?
height s. Find the surface area of the cone.
A. r = 6 cm, s = 12 cm B. r = 10 ft, s = 8 ft

SOLUTIONS
1. A. V = lwh = (10 ft)(8 ft)(7 ft) = 560 ft3 10. A. S = πr 2 + πr s = π (6 cm)2 + π (6 cm)
B. V = lwh = (30 cm)(24 cm)(12 cm) = (12 cm) = 36π cm2 +72π cm2 = 108π cm2
8, 640 cm3 B. S = πr 2 +πr s = π (10 ft)2 +π (10 ft)(8 ft) =
2. A. S = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh = 2(10 in)(6 in) + 100 π ft2 + 80 π ft2 = 180 π ft2
2(10 in)(12 in) + 2(6 in)(12 in) 1 1 1
S = 120 in2 + 240 in2 + 144 in2 = 504 in2 11. A. V = bh = (lw)h = (8 in)(6 in)(12 in) =
3 3 3
B. S = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh = 2(8 m)(7 m) +
2(8 m)(10 m) + 2(7 m)(10 m) 192 in3
S = 112 m2 + 160 m2 + 140 m2 = 412 m2 1 1 1
B. V = bh = (lw)h = (7 cm)(4 cm)(6 cm) =
3. A. V = e3 = (0.4 m)3 = 0.064 m3 3 3 3
B. V = e3 = (10 in)3 = 1,000 in3
C. V = e3 = (12 cm)3 = 1,728 cm3 56 cm3
D. V = e3 = (5 m)3 = 125 m3 1 1 1
12. A. V = bh = (e2 )h = (6 cm)2 (10 cm) =
4. A. S = 6e2 = 6(2 in)2 = 6(4 in2 ) = 24 in2 3 3 3
B. S = 6e2 = 6(7 ft)2 = 6(49 ft2 ) = 294 ft2 120 cm3
C. S = 6e2 = 6(1.2 cm) = 6(1.44 cm2 ) = 1 1 1
8.64 cm2 B. V = bh = (e2 )h = (9 in)2 (14 in) =
3 3 3
D. S = 6e2 = 6(0.4 m) = 6(0.16 m2 ) =
378 in2
0.96 m2
5. A. V = π r 2 h = π (4 in)2 (8 in) = 13. A room is a rectangular solid. Find the
π(16 in2 )(8 in) = 128π in3 volume.
B. V = πr 2 h = π (7 cm)2 (3.5 cm) =
π (49 cm2 )(3.5 cm) = 171.5π cm3 V = lwh = (24 ft)(17 ft)(12 ft) = 4,896 ft3
6. A. S = 2π r 2 + 2π rh = 2(π )(8.4 m)2 +
2(π )(8.4 m)(10.2 m) = 141.12π m2 + There is 4,896 cubic feet of air space in the
S = 312.48m2 171.36π m2 = 312.48π m2 room.
B. S = 2πr 2 + 2πr h = 2π(8 ft)2 +
2π(8 ft)(7 ft) = 2(64π ft2 ) + 14. Surface area of the cube is 54 in2 .
2π (56 ft2 ) = 128π ft2 + 112π ft2 =
240π ft2 S = 6e2 V = e3
4 4 4 54 in2 = 6e2 V = (3 in)3
7. A. V = πr 3 = π(6 in)3 = π (216 in3 ) =
3 3 3
9in2 = e2 V = 27 in3
288π in3
4 4 4 3in = e
B. V = πr 3 = π(8 cm)3 = π(512 cm3 ) =
3 3 3
682.7π cm3 The volume of the cube is 27 cubic inches.
4 4
C. V = πr 3 = π(10 m)3 = 15. S = 2π r 2 +2πr h = 2π (3 in)2 +2π (3 in)(6 in) =
3 3
4 18π in2 + 36π in2 = 54π in2
π (1, 000 m ) = 1, 333.3π m3
3
The surface area of the can is 54π in2 .
3

14
 8. A. S = 4πr 2 = 4π (5 cm)2 = 100 cm2 16. Cylinder with circular base, volume is
B. S = 4πr 2 = 4π (1.4 m)2 = 7.84π m2 1,540 ft3 .
C. S = 4πr 2 = 4π (9 in)2 = 324 in2 Diameter = 7 feet, so radius is 3.5 feet.
1 1 V = πr 2 h
9. A. V = πr 2 h = π(6 in)2 (10 in) = 120π in3 1,540 ft3 = 3.14(3.5 ft)2 h
3 3
1 2 1 1,540 ft3 = 38.465 ft2 h
B. V = πr h = π(4 cm)2 (12 cm) = 40.0036 ft = h
3 3
The height of the cylinder is 40 feet.
64π cm3
1
17. V = bh = (25 in2 )(6 in) ÷ 3 = 150 in3 ÷ 3 =
3
50 in3
The volume of the pyramid is 50 in3 .
4 3 20. S = 6e2 = 6(14 mm)2 = 6(196 mm2 ) =
18. V = πr = 288π cm3
3 1,176 mm2
4πr 3 = 864π cm3 The surface area of the cube is 1,176 square
r 3 = 216 cm3 millimeters.
r = 6 cm
The radius of the sphere is 6 centimeters.

19. S = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh = 2(17 cm)(19 cm) +

2(17 cm)(20 cm) + 2(19 cm)(20 cm) =
646 cm2 + 680 cm2 + 760 cm2 = 2,086 cm2
The surface area of the rectangular solid is
2,086 square centimeters.

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (Coordinate Geometry)

1. Name the quadrant or axis where each point is 5. Write the equation of the line with the given
located. slope m and intersection through the given
point.
A. (6, 1) B. (−2, −4) C. (−10, −2)
A. m = 0.5; (−3, 2) B. m = −2; (0, 1)
D. (−8, 4) E. (3, −6) F. (−7, 5)
C. m = 1.25; (−2, −1) D. m = −1.5; (2, 4)
G. (0, −8) H. (3, 0)
6. Determine if L1 and L2 are parallel, perpendic-
2. Locate each point on a coordinate grid. ular, or neither.
A. A = (3, 2) B. B = (−2, −3) C. C = (5, 0) A. L1 goes through (4, 6) and (−8, 7); L2 goes
through (7, 4) and (−5, 5).
D. D = (4, −2) E. E = (0, −2) F. F = (−3, 3)
B. L1 goes through (9, 15) and (−7, 12); L2
G. G = (−3, 0) H. H = (−1, 4) goes through (−4, 8) and (−20, 5).
C. L1 goes through (2, 0) and (5, 4); L2 goes
3. Find the slope of the line through the given through (6, 1) and (2, 4).
points. D. L1 goes through (0, −7) and (2, 3); L2 goes
A. (−2, −3) and (−1, 5) B. (8, 1) and (2, 6) through (0, −3) and (1, −2).
C. (2, 4) and (−4, 4) D. (−3, 4) and (−4, 3)
7. Find the distance between the given points.
E. (3, −13) and (−6, −5) F. (5, 4) and (1, −2) A. (3, 4) and (−2, 1) B. (−2, 1) and (3, 2)
C. (−2, 4) and (3, −2)
4. Write the equation of the line with the given
slope m and given y intercept b.
8. Find the midpoint of the line segment between
A. m = 1.5, b = −4 B. m = −4, b =1.8 the points.
C. m = 3, b =0 D. m = −1.6, b = 4 A. (7, −3) and (−4, 2) B. (0, −5) and (4, −12)
C. (5, −1) and (−3, −7)

SOLUTIONS
1. A. I B. III C. III 2. See Figure 10.36. Note:
D. II E. IV F. II A = (3, 2) B = (−2, −3) C = (5, 0)
G. Negative y axis H. Positive x axis D = (4, −2) E = (0, −2) F = (−3, 3)
G = (−3, 0) H = (−1, 4)
15
 H

A


G C
O

E D

Figure 10.36

y2 − y1 5+3 8 B. y = mx + b, (x, y) = (0, 1), m = −2

3. A. m = = = =8
x2 − x1 −1 + 2 1 1 = −2(0) + b
y2 − y1 6−1 5 −5 1=b
B. m = = = =
x2 − x1 2−8 −6 6 y = −2x + 1
y2 − y1 4−4 0 C. y = mx + b, (x, y) = (−2, −1), m = 1.25
C. m = = = =0
x2 − x1 −4 − 2 −6 −1 = 1.25(−2) + b
y2 − y1 3−4 −1 −1 = −2.5 + b
D. m = = = =1
x2 − x1 −4 + 3 −1 1.5 = b
y2 − y1 −5 + 13 8 −8 y = 1.25x + 1.5
E. m = = = =
x2 − x1 −6 − 3 −9 9 D. y = mx + b, (x, y) = (2, 4), m = −1.5
y2 − y1 −2 − 4 −6 3 4 = −1.5(2) + b
F. m = = = = 4 = −3 + b
x2 − x1 1−5 −4 2
7=b
4. y = mx + b
y = −1.5x + 7
A. y = 1.5x − 4
B. y = −4x + 1.8 y2 − y1 7−6
6. A. L1 has slope m = = =
C. y = 3x − y = 3x x2 − x1 −8 − 4
D. y = −1.6x + 4 1 −1
= = m1
−12 12
5. A. y = mx + b, (x, y) = (−3, 2), m = 0.5 y2 − y1 5−4
L2 has slope m = = =
2 = 0.5(−3) + b x2 − x1 −5 − 7
2 = −1.5 + b 1 −1
= = m2
3.5 = b −12 12
y = 0.5x + 3.5
Since m1 = m2 , L1 || L2 .

16
 
12 − 15 −3 B. d = (x2 − x1 )2 + (y2 − y1 )2
B. L1 : m1 = =
−7 − 9 −16 
5−8 −3 = (3 + 2)2 + (2 − 1)2
L2 : m2 = =   
−20 + 4 −16
= (5)2 + (1)2 = 25 + 1 = 26
Since m1 = m2 , L1 || L2 . 
d = 26
4−0 4 
C. L1 : m1 = = , C. d = (x2 − x1 )2 + (y2 − y1 )2
5−2 3
4−1 3 −3 
L2 : m2 = = = = (3 + 2)2 + (−2 − 4)2
2−6 −4 4   
4 −3 = (5)2 + (−6)2 = 25 + 36 = 61
m1 × m2 = × = −1 
3 4
d = 61
Since m1 × m2 = −1, L1 ⊥ L2 .  
x1 + x2 y1 + y2
3+7 10 8. A. M = ,
D. L1 : m1 = = =5 2 2
2−0 2    
−2 + 3 1 7 − 4 −3 + 2 3 −1
L2 : m2 = = =1 = , = ,
1−0 1 2 2 2 2
 
x1 + x2 y1 + y2
m1 = m2 , and m1 × m2 = 5 × 1 = 5 = −1 B. M = ,
Since m1 = m2 , and m1 × m2 = −1, L1 and 2 2
 
L2 are neither parallel nor perpendicular. 0 + 4 −5 − 12
= ,
 2 2
   
7. A. d = (x2 − x1 )2 + (y2 − y1 )2 4 −17 −17
 = , = 2,
2 2 2
= (−2 − 3)2 + (1 − 4)2  
 x1 + x2 y1 + y2
= (−5)2 + (−3)2 C. M = ,
2 2
     
= 25 + 9 = 34 5 − 3 −1 − 7 2 −8
 = , = ,
d = 34 2 2 2 2
= (1, −4)

17
 GEOMETRY TEST
Use the following test to assess how well you have mastered the material in
this chapter. For each question, mark your answer by blackening the corre-
sponding answer oval. An answer key and solutions are provided at the end
of the test.

1. Which is an angle with a measure between 90◦ and 180◦ ?

 
A Acute
 
B Obtuse
 
Reflex
C 

D
 Right
 Straight
E

2. Which is an angle with a measure of 180◦ ?

 
A Acute
 
B Obtuse
 
Reflex
C 

D
 Right
 Straight
E

3. Which is the supplement of a 72◦ angle?

  ◦
A 18
  ◦
 36
 
B

  ◦
C 72
  ◦
 

D 108
◦
E 288

4. What is the name for the opposite angles formed when two lines
intersect?
 
A Complementary

 

 Supplementary
 
B

C Vertical

 

D
 Interior
 
 Exterior
E

5. Which are complementary angles?

  ◦ ◦
32 , 58
A 

B 20 , 51◦ , 19◦
◦
 
C 74◦ , 26◦ , 80◦
 
D 130◦ , 50◦
  ◦ ◦
E 37 , 63

6. If two lines are cut by a transversal, which angles will always be equal?
 
Adjacent angles
A 

 

B Alternate exterior angles
 Alternate interior angles
 
C

 Corresponding angles
 
D

E Vertical angles

7. If an angle is 5 times its complement, what is the measure of the angle?

  ◦
A 15
  ◦
 

B 18
◦
 

C 36
D 75◦
  ◦
E 144
18
 8. Which angle is 10◦ less than its supplement?
  ◦
A 85
  ◦
 

B 95
◦
105
C 
 ◦
D 50
  ◦
E 40

9. When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, which pair of angles
will always be supplementary?
 
A Alternate interior angles
 
 

B Consecutive interior angles
C
 Corresponding angles
D
 Alternate exterior angles
E Vertical angles

10. Which quadrilateral is equilateral but not always equiangular?


  
A Trapezoid
 
B Parallelogram
 
Rectangle
C 

 Square
 
D

 Rhombus
E

11. Which polygon always has diagonals of the same length?

 
A Pentagon
 
Rectangle
B 

 

C Parallelogram
 Rhombus
 
D

 Hexagon
E

12. Which polygon has exactly eight sides?

 
A Hexagon
 
 

B Quadrilateral
 Octagon
 
C

 Pentagon
 
D

E Triangle

13. If a polygon has seven sides, what is the sum of its interior angles?
  ◦
450
A 

B 900◦
 
C 1080◦
 
D 1200◦
  ◦
E 1800

14. What is the measure of one interior angle of a regular octagon?

  ◦
45
A 

 120◦
 
B

C 135◦
 
D 157.5◦
  ◦
E 1080

19
 15. Which is the fewest number of sides a polygon can have?
 

 A 0

 

B 1
 
C 2

 
D
 3
 
 4
E

16. In which figure do the diagonals NOT bisect each other?

 
A Trapezoid
 
B Parallelogram
 
Square
C 

D
 Rhombus
 Rectangle
E

17. Which is NOT a property of parallelograms?

 
The
A 

opposite sides are parallel.
 The opposite sides are equal.
 
B

 The consecutive angles are supplementary.
 
C

D The opposite angles are equal.
 
E The diagonals bisect the angles.

18. Which is a part of a line with one endpoint?

 
Line
A 

 Ray
 
B

 Line segment
 
C

D Angle
 
E Point

19. Which is NOT a requirement for adjacent angles?

 
A Two angles
 
 

B Common vertex
 Sum of angles is 180◦
 
C

D No interior points in common
 
E Common side

20. Which is NOT a type of triangle?

 
A Scalene
 
 

B Equiangular
 Isosceles
 
C

 Reflex
 
D

E Regular

21. Which are the angles of a right triangle?

  ◦
A 11 , 79◦ , 90◦
  ◦
33 ,
B  67◦ , 90◦
 ◦
 
C 90 , 90◦ , 90◦

D 10◦ , 20◦ , 60◦ , 90◦
  ◦
E 90 , 20◦ , 70◦ , 90◦

20
 22. In a triangle, two angles are 23◦ and 31◦ . What is the third angle in the
triangle?

   ◦
36
A 
 ◦
B
 54
C 126◦
 
D 216◦
  ◦
E 306

23. Which lengths could be the sides of a triangle?

 
4,
A 

9, 16
 

B 3, 4, 7
C
 4, 6, 11
D
 5, 7, 9
E 5, 5, 10
24. In  ABC, ∠ A > ∠ B > ∠C, AB = 31 cm, and AC = 50 cm. Which could
be the length of BC?
 
A 25 cm
 
B 30 cm
 
40
C 

cm
 45 cm
 
D

 80
E cm

25. What is the smallest number of acute angles a triangle can have?
 
A 0
 
1
B 

 

C 2
 3
 
D

 4
E

26. In right ABC, angle C is the right angle. If a = 57 and c = 185, what is
the length of b?
 
A  37,474
 
176
B 

 128
 
C

 242
 
D

E  242

27. Which set of lengths could be the sides of a right triangle?

 
A 8, 15, 17
 
 4, 5, 6
 
B

C 9, 12, 14
 
 1, 1,2
 
D

E 2, 2 2, 4

21
28. If a base angle of an isosceles triangle is 32◦ , what is the measure of the
vertex angle?
  ◦
A 26
  ◦
B
 58
C 64◦
  ◦
116
D 
 ◦
E 148

29. In a 30◦ –60◦ –90◦ triangle, if the hypotenuse is 10, what is the length of
the side opposite the 60◦ angle?
  
A 10 3
  
B 5  3
 
C 20 3
 
D 5
 
E 20

30. In a 45◦ –45◦ –90◦ triangle, if the hypotenuse is 4 6, what is the length of
a leg?
  
A 26
 
B 43
 
C 42
 
D 86
 
E 8 3

31. ABC ∼ DEF and DE = 6, AB = 3, BC = 7, and CA = 9. What is the

length of EF?
 
A 1.5
 
B 3.5
 
4.5
C 

 14
 
D

 18
E

32. What term is used to indicate the perimeter of a circle?

 
A Diameter
 
 

B Radius
 Secant
 
C

 Chord
 
D

E Circumference

33. If the sides of a polygon are 2.5 cm, 3.8 cm, 11 cm, 4.9 cm, and 5.28 cm,
what is the perimeter of the polygon?
 
1.758 cm
A 

 27.48 cm
 
B

 65.1 cm
 
C

D 274.8 cm
 
E 651 cm

22
 34. If the length and width of a rectangle are 7 and 12, respectively, what is
the perimeter of the rectangle?
 
A 19
 
B 38
 
C 42
 
 84
 
D

 168
E

35. If the perimeter of a square is 36 cm, what is its area?

 
A 81 cm2
 
B 324 cm2
 
C 36 cm2
 
D 12 cm2
  2
E 24 cm

23
36. If the sides of a right triangle are 60 ft, 91 ft, and 109 ft, what is the area
of the triangle?
  2
260 ft
A 

B 3,270 ft2
 
C 2,730 ft2
 
D 5,460 ft2
  2
E 6,540 ft

37. In a trapezoid, the bases are 17 cm and 25 cm. The legs are 14 cm and
18 cm. The altitude is 20 cm. What is the area of the trapezoid?
 
A 840 cm2
 
B 640 cm2
  2
94 cm
C 
 2
320 cm
D 
 2
E 420 cm

38. Which line has exactly one point in common with a circle?
 
A Radius
 
B Chord
 
Diameter
C 

D
 Tangent
 Secant
E

39. In a given circle, the diameter is 40 cm. What is the circumference?

 
A 20π cm
 
 

B 40π cm
C
 80π cm
D
 400π cm
E 1,600π cm

40. If the circumference of a circle is 64π cm, what is its area?

  2
8π cm
A 
 2
16π cm
B 

C 32π cm2
 
D 1,024π cm2
  2
E 4,096π cm

41. Two chords intersect inside a circle. The lengths of the two parts of one
chord are 9 and 16. The lengths of the two parts of the second chord are
6 and x. What is the value of x? (See Figure 10.26.)
 
A 24
 
B 19
 
13
C 

D
 8
 2
E

24
 42. A room is 20 ft by 30 ft by 8 ft. What is the surface area of the room?
  2
4,800 ft
A 
 2
B 800 ft
 
C 1,000 ft2
 
D 1,520 ft2
  2
E 2,000 ft

43. If the edge of a cube is 6 cm, what is the volume of the cube?
  3
24 cm
A 

B 36 cm3
 
C 144 cm3
  3
180 cm
D 
 3
E 216 cm

44. If the altitude of a cylinder is 12 cm and the radius of the base is 9 cm,
what is the volume of the cylinder?
 
A 54π cm3
 
B 81π cm3
  3
216π cm
C 

D 972π cm3
  3
E 3,052π cm

45. If the area of the base of a pyramid is 24 cm2 and the altitude of the
pyramid is 18 cm, what is the volume of the pyramid?
  3
144 cm
A 

B 432 cm3
 
C 1,296 cm3
 
D 1,764 cm3
  3
E 20,736 cm

46. If the radius of the base of a cone is 15 m and the slant height of the cone
is 6 m, what is the surface area of the cone?
 
A 225π m2
 
B 90π m2
 
C 630π m2
  2
126π m
D 
 2
E 315π m

47. What is the surface area of a sphere whose radius is 14 in?

 
A 56π in2
 
B 196π in2
  2
784π in
C 

D 2,744π in2
  2
E 10,976π in



25
 48. A cylinder has a height of 12 ft, and the radius of the base is 9 ft. What
is the surface area of the cylinder?
 
A 378π
 ft2
 

B 504π ft2
 
C 252π
 ft2
 
189π
 
D ft2

 540π
E ft2

49. What is the volume of a sphere whose radius is 15 cm?

 
A 4,500π cm3
 
B 3,375π cm3
  3
13,500π cm
C 
 3
D 1,125π cm
  3
E 300π cm

50. What is the surface area of a cube when the length of an edge is 2.1 m?
 
A 9.261 m2
  2
4.41 m
B 

C 26.46 m2
 
D 17.64 m2
  2
E 8.82 m

26


ANSWER KEY
1. B 11. B 21. A 31. D 41. A
2. E 12. C 22. C 32. E 42. E
3. D 13. B 23. D 33. B 43. E
4. C 14. C 24. E 34. B 44. D
5. A 15. D 25. C 35. A 45. A
6. E 16. A 26. B 36. C 46. E
7. D 17. E 27. A 37. E 47. C
8. A 18. B 28. D 38. D 48. A
9. B 19. C 29. B 39. B 49. A
10. E 20. D 30. B 40. D 50. C

SOLUTIONS
1. B Obtuse
90◦ < obtuse < 180◦

2. E Straight
Straight = 180◦

3. D 108◦
180◦ − 72◦ = 108◦

4. C Vertical
Vertical angles are the opposite angles.

5. A 32◦ and 58◦

Complementary angles sum to 90◦ . 32◦ + 58◦ = 90◦

6. E Vertical angles
You are not told that the lines are parallel, so only vertical angles must
be equal.

7. D 75◦
n + 5n = 90, 6n = 90, n = 15, 5n = 75, 75◦ is the angle.

8. A 85◦
n − 10◦ + n = 180◦ , 2n = 190◦ , n = 95◦ , n − 10◦ = 85◦ angle

9. B Consecutive interior angles

The adjacent interior angles are always supplementary. The interior
angles on the same side are transversal supplementary when the lines
are parallel. So when the lines are parallel, consecutive interior angles
are supplementary.

10. E Rhombus
A square is both equilateral and equiangular. A rectangle is always
equiangular, but only squares are equilateral. A rhombus is always
equilateral, but only squares are equiangular.

27

 11. B Rectangle
The diagonals of a rectangle are always equal.

12. C Octagon
An octagon is an eight-sided polygon.

13. B 900◦
n = 7, 5 = (n − 2)180◦ = (7 − 2)180◦ = (5)180◦ = 900◦

14. C 135◦
n = 8, 5 = (n − 2)180◦ = 6(180◦ ) = 1080◦ , 1080◦ ÷ 8 = 135◦

15. D 3
A triangle has the fewest sides of any polygon, 3.

16. A Trapezoid
The diagonals of a parallelogram always bisect each other. The trapezoid
is the only nonparallelogram listed.

17. E The diagonals bisect each other.

The diagonals of a rhombus bisect the angles but not for all
parallelograms.

18. B Ray
A ray is a part of a line with one endpoint.

19. C Sum of angles is 180◦ .

Adjacent angles are two angles in the same plane that have a common
vertex and a common side, and the common side separates the angles.

20. D Reflex
A reflex angle is an angle greater than 180◦ and less than 360◦ . No
triangle can have a reflex angle in it.

21. A 11◦ , 79◦ , 90◦

Every right triangle has a right angle, 90◦ , so the other two angles must
have a sum of 90◦ , or 11◦ + 79◦ = 90◦ .

22. C 126◦
23◦ + 31◦ = 54◦ , 180◦ − 54◦ = 126◦ , the third angle is 126◦ .

23. D 5, 7, 9
In a triangle, any two sides must exceed the third side. Since 5 + 7 =
12 > 9, and 9 is the longest side, these can be the sides of a triangle.

24. E 80 cm
Since ∠ A > ∠ B > ∠C, BC > AC > AB. So BC must be greater than AC =
50. BC < AB + AC, so BC < 31 + 50 = 81. Thus, 81 > BC > 50 and only
80 is a choice.

25. C 2
An acute triangle has 3 acute angles. A right triangle has 1 right angle
and 2 acute angles. An obtuse triangle has 1 obtuse angle and 2 acute
angles. So every triangle has at least 2 acute angles.

28
 26. B 176

 a2 + b2 = c2 and a = 57 and c = 185
b2 = c2 − a2 = 1852 − 572 = 34,225 − 3,249 = 30,976
b2 =30,976
b = 30,976 = 176

27. A 8, 15, 17
In a right triangle, a2 + b2 = c2 and c is the longest side.
82 + 152 = 64 + 225 = 289 = 172 . So 8, 15, and 17 are the sides of a right
triangle.

28. D 116◦
The base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal. The three angles of a
triangle have a sum of 180◦ . 180◦ − 32◦ − 32◦ = 116◦ .

29. B 5 3 
In a 30◦ –60◦ –90◦ triangle, the sides are a, a 3, and 2a. Side
 a is opposite

◦
the 30 angle, and 2a is the hypotenuse. 2a = 10, a = 5, a 3 = 5 3.

30. B 4 3 
In a 45◦ –45◦ –90◦ triangle, the sides are
 a, a, and a 2. The sides
 of length

◦
aareopposite the 45
 angles, and
 a 2 is the hypotenuse. a 2 = 4 6=
4 2 3 = 4 3 × 2. So a = 4 3.

31. D 14
ABC ∼ DEF, AB : DE = BC : EF = AC : DF. Both AB and DE are given.
DE = 6, and AB = 3, so AB : DE = 1 : 2.
BC = 7 and you need EF. BC : EF = 7 : EF = 1 : 2 = 7 : 14, so EF = 14.

32. E Circumference
The perimeter of a circle is the circumference.

33. B 27.48 cm
P = 2.5 cm + 3.8 cm + 11 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.28 cm = 27.48 cm

34. B 38
For a rectangle, P = 2l + 2w = 2(7) + 2(12) = 14 + 24 = 38.

35. A 81 cm2
For a square, P = 4s and A = s2 . New P = 36 cm, so 4s = 36 cm and
s = 9 cm.
A = s2 = (9 cm)2 = 81 cm2

36. C 2,730 ft2

In a right triangle, A = 0.5ab, where a and b are the legs. Side c is the
longest side, so a and b are bases. A = 0.5(60 ft)(91 ft) = 2,730 ft2 .

37. E 420 cm2

For a trapezoid, A = 0.5h(a + b), where a and b are bases.
A = 0.5(20 cm)(17 cm + 25 cm) = 10 cm(42 cm) = 420 cm2

38. D Tangent
A tangent is a line that intersects the circle in exactly one point.

29
 39. B 40π cm


In a circle, C = πd = π(40 cm) = 40π cm.

40. D 1,024π cm2

C = πd and C = 64π cm, so d = 64 cm. And d = 2r, so r = 32 cm.
A = πr 2 = π(32 cm)2 = π(1,024 cm2 ) = 1, 024π cm2

41. A 24
In a circle when two chords intersect inside a circle, the product of the
segments, parts, of each chord is the same.
So, 9(16) = 6x 6x = 144 and x = 24

42. E 2,000 ft2

A room is a rectangular solid, so S = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh .
S = 2(20 ft)(30 ft) + 2(20 ft)(8 ft) + 2(30 ft)(8 ft)
= 1,200 ft2 + 320 ft2 + 480 ft2
S = 2,000 ft2

43. E 216 cm3

V = e3 , e = 6 cm V = (6 cm)3 = 216 cm3

44. D D = 972π cm3

V = πr 2 h
V = (π)(9 cm)2 (12 cm) = (π)(81 cm2 )(12 cm) = 972π cm3

45. A 144 cm3

1 1
V = bh = (24 cm2 )(18 cm) = 8 cm2 (18 cm) = 144 cm3
3 3

46. E 315π m2
S = π r 2 + π rs = π (15 m)2 + π (15 m)(6 m) = 225π m2 + 90π m2
S = 315π m2

47. C 784π in2

S = 4π r 2 = 4π(14 in)2 = 4π(196 in2 ) = 784π in2

48. A 378π ft2

S = 2πr 2 + 2πr h = 2π(r 2 + r h) = 2π [(9 ft)2 + (9 ft)(12 ft)] =
2π (81 ft2 + 108 ft2 ) = 2π(189 ft2 ) = 378π ft2

49. A 4,500π cm3

4 4 4
V = πr 3 = π(15 cm)3 = π(3,315 cm3 ) = 4,500π cm3
3 3 3

50. C 26.46 m2
S = 6e2 = 6(2.1 m) = 6(4.41 m2 ) = 26.46 m2

30
GMAT SOLVED PROBLEMS 

For each question, select the best answer.
1. Which of these are measures of angles that are supplementary?
A. 33◦ , 67◦
B. 35◦ , 55◦
C. 97◦ , 83◦
D. 108◦ , 92◦
E. 28◦ , 57◦ , 95◦
2. Which is the number of sides for an octagon?
A. 10
B. 8
C. 6
D. 5
E. 4
3. Which is NOT the description of a possible triangle?
A. Scalene and right
B. Equilateral and acute
C. Isosceles and obtuse
D. Scalene and acute
E. Equilateral and obtuse
4. Which is NOT a type of parallelogram?
A. Rectangle
B. Square
C. Trapezoid
D. Rhombus
E. Regular quadrilateral
5. What is the circumference of a circle whose diameter is 20 centime-
ters? Use π = 3.14.
A. 62.8 cm
B. 125.6 cm
C. 314 cm
D. 628 cm
E. 1,256 cm
6. Which solid has two bases that can be circles?
A. Cone
B. Cylinder
C. Prism
D. Pyramid
E. Cube

31
 7. N is the number of sides of a polygon. What is N?


1. The sum of the interior angles is 1800◦ .
2. The sum of the exterior angles is 360◦ .
A. Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 2 is not sufficient.
B. Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 1 is not sufficient.
C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER state-
ment ALONE is sufficient.
D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E. Statements 1 and 2 TOGETHER are not sufficient.
8. If K is the area of a rectangle, then what is K?
1. The length is 3 times the width.
2. The perimeter is 80.
A. Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 2 is not sufficient.
B. Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 1 is not sufficient.
C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER state-
ment ALONE is sufficient.
D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E. Statements 1 and 2 TOGETHER are not sufficient.
y

H A

B D C

Figure 10.37

9. Which pair of points listed in Figure 10.37 are 5 units apart?

A. A and F
B. B and G
C. B and H
D. F and G
E. A and B
10. Which pair of points in Figure 10.37 lies on a line with a slope of
−1/2?
A. C and D
B. E and F
C. C and E
D. B and F
E. G and H

32
SOLUTIONS
1. C Supplementary angles are two angles that have a sum of 180◦ . This is
only true for 97◦ and 83◦ , so the answer is C.

2. B Since the prefix oct means 8, an octagon is a polygon with eight sides.

3. E An equilateral triangle has all sides and angles equal. Since an obtuse
angle has a measure greater than 90◦ , having three angles this large
would mean that the sum of the angles was greater than 180◦ , which
is the sum of all three angles in a triangle.

4. C A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides,

so it is not a parallelogram. A regular quadrilateral is one with all sides
equal and all angles equal, so it is a square, which is a parallelogram.
The correct answer is C.

5. A The formula for the circumference of a circle is C = πd, so C =

3.14(20 cm) = 62.8 cm. The answer is A.

6. B The bases of prisms, pyramids, and cubes must be polygons. A cone

has only one base. A cylinder can have two bases that can be circles. The
answer is B.

7. A The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is found by using the for-
mula S = (n − 2)(180◦ ), so if S = 1800◦ , then n − 2 = 10 and n is 12. So
statement 1 alone is sufficient.
The sum of the exterior angles of every polygon is 360◦ , so statement
2 is not sufficient. Thus, the answer is A.

8. C Since in statement 1 the length is 3 times the width, the area of the
rectangle is (3w)(w) = 3w2 , but you can’t find a specific value. Statement
1 alone is not sufficient.
In statement 2, the perimeter is 80, so l + w = 40 and l = 40 − w. The
area is (40 − w)(w) = 40w − w2 , but you still can’t find a specific value.
Statement 2 alone is not sufficient.
If you take both statements together, you have l = 3w and 2l +2w = 80.
Combine to get 2w + 2(3w) = 80. 2w + 6w = 80. 8w = 80. w = 10.
l = 30.
Thus, the area is 300. The answer is C.

9. C  H is (−2, 3), so BH = (−2 − 2)2 + (3 − 0)2
Point B is (2,0),and point 
= (−4)2 + 32 = 16 + 9 = 25 = 5.

2−0
10. D Point B is (2,0) and point F is (−2,2), so the slope of BF = =
−2 − 2
2 −1
= .
−4 2
GMAT PRACTICE PROBLEMS
For each question, select the best answer.
1. If an angle is 5 times its complement, what is the measure of the
angle?
A. 15◦
B. 18◦
C. 72◦
D. 75◦
E. 150◦
2. What is the name of a triangle with exactly two sides equal?
A. Isosceles
B. Equilateral
C. Acute
D. Obtuse
E. Scalene
3. If one leg of a right triangle is 3 and the hypotenuse is 4, how long
is the other leg?
A. 1

B. 7
C. 3.5
D. 5
E. 7
4. Which set of lengths could be the sides of a triangle?
A. 2, 2, 7
B. 4, 7, 8
C. −6, −6, −6
D. 6, 7, 0
E. −2, −8, −9
5. If one angle of a right triangle is 57◦ , what is the measure of the
other angle?
A. 33◦
B. 43◦
C. 57◦
D. 123◦
E. 147◦
6. Which solid has an apex and a polygon for a base?
A. Cone
B. Cylinder
C. Cube
D. Prism
E. Pyramid

34
 7. If N is a polygon, what is the shape of the polygon?
1. N has 15 diagonals.
2. When N is regular, each exterior angle is 60◦ .
A. Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 2 is not sufficient.
B. Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 1 is not sufficient.
C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER state-
ment ALONE is sufficient.
D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E. Statements 1 and 2 TOGETHER are not sufficient.
8. If X is the length of the radius of a circle, what is X?
1. The radius is one-half the length of the diameter.
2. The ratio of the circumference to the diameter is π.
A. Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 2 is not sufficient.
B. Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient, but statement 1 is not sufficient.
C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER state-
ment ALONE is sufficient.
D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E. Statements 1 and 2 TOGETHER are not sufficient.
9. In a square with an area of 64, what is the length of the diagonal?
A. 4
B. 4 2
C. 8
D. 8 2
E. 16
10. In a 30◦ –60◦ –90◦ right triangle, the hypotenuse is 12. What is the
length of the side opposite the 30◦ angle?
A. 6
B. 4 3
C. 6 2
D. 6 3
E. 24

ANSWER KEY
1. D
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. E
7. D
8. E
9. D
10. A

35